65:, about 10 miles (16 km) from its mouth. It was one of the most important of the Acarnanian towns, being strongly fortified both by nature and by art, and commanding the whole of the south of Acarnania. It was surrounded by marshes, many of them of great extent and depth, which rendered it quite inaccessible in the winter to an invading force. Its territory appears to have extended on both sides of the Achelous, and to have consisted of the district called
96:, shortly afterwards made an expedition against Oeniadae, which they took; but after holding it for a year, they were attacked by the Acarnanians and compelled to abandon the town. Oeniadae is represented at that time as an enemy of Athens, which is said to have been one of the reasons that induced the Messenians to attack the place. Twenty-three years before the
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136:, the Aetolians, who had extended their dominions on the west bank of the Achelous, succeeded in obtaining possession of Oeniadae, and expelled its inhabitants in so cruel a manner that they were threatened with the vengeance of Alexander. Oeniadae remained in the hands of the Aetolians till 219 BCE, when it was taken by
148:, and given to the Aetolians, who were then their allies; but in 189 BCE it was restored to the Acarnanians by virtue of one of the conditions of the peace made between the Romans and Aetolians in that year. From this period Oeniadae disappears from history; but it continued to exist in the time of
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made an expedition into
Acarnania to secure the Athenian ascendancy; but though he took Astacus, he did not continue to march against Oeniadae, because it was the winter, at which season the marshes secured the town from all attack. In the following year (428 BCE) his son
140:. This monarch, aware of the importance of the place, strongly fortified the citadel, and commenced uniting the harbour and the arsenal with the citadel by means of walls. In 211 BCE Oeniadae, together with the adjacent
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laid siege to the town, but was unable to take it. In the
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sailed up the
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and the sea. New Oenia (ἡ νῦν Οἰναία), which he places 70
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It continued to be a place of great importance during the
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The town is first mentioned about 455 BCE. The
144:(Νῆσος) or Nasus, was taken by the Romans, under
112:. In the third year of the war (429 BCE)
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30:Ruins of the ancient shipsheds at Oeniadae
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19:For the town of ancient Thessaly, see
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277:History of the Peloponnesian War
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519:, ed. (1854–1857). "Oeniadae".
444:Page numbers refer to those of
442:. Vol. x. pp. 450, 459–60.
419:Strabo speaks of a town called
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16:Town in ancient Acarnania
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