9410:
1122:
1184:; i.e. successful males breed with several females. In most species, males arrive at breeding sites first and establish and maintain territories through vocal and visual displays and occasional fighting. Females typically arrive on shore a day or so before giving birth. While considered social animals, no permanent hierarchies or statuses are established on the colonies. The extent to which males control females or territories varies between species. Thus, the northern fur seal and the
150:
8855:
8868:
124:
1112:
8862:
460:
1129:
Otariids have proportionately much larger foreflippers and pectoral muscles than phocids, and have the ability to turn their hind limbs forward and walk on all fours, making them far more maneuverable on land. They are generally considered to be less adapted to an aquatic lifestyle, since they breed
1095:
In light of this evidence, the subfamily separation has been removed entirely and the family
Otariidae has been organized into seven genera with 16 species and two subspecies. Nonetheless, because of morphological and behavioral similarities among the "fur seals" and "sea lions", these remain useful
1130:
primarily on land and haul out more frequently than true seals. However, they can attain higher bursts of speed and have greater maneuverability in the water. Their swimming power derives from the use of flippers more so than the sinuous whole-body movements typical of phocids and walruses.
1051:
Traditionally, otariids had been subdivided into the fur seal (Arctocephalinae) and sea lion (Otariinae) subfamilies, with the major distinction between them being the presence of a thick underfur layer in the former. Under this categorization, the fur seals comprised two genera:
1216:
zones, feeding on larger fish, while the smaller fur seals tend to take longer, offshore foraging trips and can subsist on large numbers of smaller prey items. They are visual feeders. Some females are capable of dives of up to 400 m (1,300 ft).
1823:
Wynen, L; Goldsworthy, SD; Insley, SJ; Adams, M; Bickham, JW; Francis, J; Gallo, JP; Hoelzel, AR; et al. (2001). "Phylogenetic relationships within the eared seals (Otariidae: Carnivora): implications for the historical biogeography of the family".
2217:) was common in the past around the coast of the Japanese Archipelago, but declined rapidly after the 1930s from overhunting and increased competition with commercial fisheries. The last record in Japan was a juvenile, captured in 1974 off the coast of
1196:
control spatial territories, but do not generally interfere with the movement of the females. Female New
Zealand sea lions are the only otrariids that move up to 2 km (1.2 mi) into forests to protect their pups during the breeding season.
1488:
Although the two subfamilies of otariids, the
Otariinae (sea lions) and Arctocephalinae (fur seals), are still widely used, recent molecular studies have demonstrated that they may be invalid. Instead, they suggest three
1133:
Otariids are further distinguished by a more dog-like head, sharp, well-developed canines, and the aforementioned visible external pinnae. Their postcanine teeth are generally simple and conical in shape. The
418:). Otariids are adapted to a semiaquatic lifestyle, feeding and migrating in the water, but breeding and resting on land or ice. They reside in subpolar, temperate, and equatorial waters throughout the
1650:
Hassanin, Alexandre; Veron, Géraldine; Ropiquet, Anne; Vuuren, Bettine Jansen van; Lécu, Alexis; Goodman, Steven M.; Haider, Jibran; Nguyen, Trung Thanh (2021-02-16).
1028:(15–17 million years ago) in the North Pacific, diversifying rapidly into the Southern Hemisphere, where most species now live. The earliest known fossil otariid is
9623:
9785:
9662:
1180:, which has an atypical 17.5 month breeding cycle, they form strictly annual aggregations on beaches or rocky substrates, often on islands. All species are
1100:, eat smaller prey and go on longer foraging trips; and, of course, there is the contrast between the coarse short sea lion hair and the fur seal's fur.
1959:"Aggregation and dispersion of female New Zealand sea lions at the Sandy Bay breeding colony, Auckland Islands: How unusual is their spatial behaviour?"
9597:
7901:
1149:. Sea lions are covered with coarse guard hairs, while fur seals have a thick underfur, which has historically made them the objects of commercial
9790:
9636:
1902:
1759:
Lento, G.M.; Hickson, R.E.; Chambers, G.K.; Penny, D. (1 January 1995). "Use of spectral analysis to test hypotheses on the origin of pinnipeds".
1807:
1164:. Mature male otariids weigh two to six times as much as females, with proportionately larger heads, necks, and chests, making them the most
2100:
Frans, Veronica F.; Augé, Amélie A.; Fyfe, Jim; Zhang, Yuqian; McNally, Nathan; Edelhoff, Hendrik; Balkenhol, Niko; Engler, Jan O. (2022).
2231:
Yonezawa, T.; et al. (2009). "The monophyletic origin of sea lions and fur seals (Carnivora; Otariidae) in the
Southern Hemisphere".
1096:
categories when discussing differences between groups of species. Compared to sea lions, fur seals are generally smaller, exhibit greater
1042:) has the oldest fossil record of any living otariid, extending to the middle Pliocene. It probably arose from the extinct fur seal genus
2397:
2210:
2203:
2045:"Quantifying apart what belongs together: A multi-state species distribution modelling framework for species using distinct habitats"
3767:
1738:
9409:
9747:
4111:
9654:
9441:
9641:
1898:
999:
showing relationships among the otarids, combining several phylogenetic analyses. The fur seal tree is not fully resolved.
6329:
7894:
2102:"Integrated SDM database: Enhancing the relevance and utility of species distribution models in conservation management"
9649:
9545:
9522:
3523:
6320:
7785:
7441:
5807:
1289:
809:
149:
1072:
is in fact more closely related to several sea lion species. Furthermore, many of the
Otariinae appear to be more
9667:
4646:
2043:
Frans, Veronica F.; Augé, Amélie A.; Edelhoff, Hendrik; Erasmi, Stefan; Balkenhol, Niko; Engler, Jan O. (2018).
9795:
7704:
7599:
6338:
4628:
4323:
3372:
4356:
4299:
4120:
9375:
7887:
7366:
6347:
6078:
5771:
5706:
5088:
4664:
4137:
3659:
2390:
1572:"Otary, n., etymology of" The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. 1989. OED Online. Oxford University Press.
1412:
1325:
1185:
1121:
877:
646:
464:
8854:
2266:
Arnason, U.; et al. (2006). "Pinniped phylogeny and a new hypothesis for their origin and dispersal".
1997:
9462:
7590:
7342:
7155:
7031:
6643:
6625:
6453:
6147:
6138:
5780:
4518:
3310:
8867:
9711:
9698:
7767:
7022:
7004:
6995:
6986:
6471:
6462:
5834:
4604:
4586:
4535:
4473:
4455:
4446:
4383:
4332:
4161:
2598:
1576:
1316:
741:
9550:
5789:
5685:
4595:
4170:
1474:
1298:
1157:
862:
606:
9729:
2370:
9775:
9752:
9677:
9571:
9509:
9382:
7608:
7509:
7468:
7182:
6693:
6421:
5747:
4812:
4562:
4553:
4509:
4464:
4087:
3593:
3328:
3154:
2113:
2056:
2009:
1663:
1606:
1431:
1307:
1193:
683:
265:
8499:
2179:
1030:
8622:
8509:
8431:
8162:
8152:
7848:
7794:
7566:
7013:
6899:
6881:
6726:
6575:
6480:
5730:
5676:
5425:
5167:
5158:
4422:
3695:
3677:
3532:
3381:
2884:
1450:
1393:
1181:
1177:
1115:
1085:
1065:
840:
668:
591:
132:
9317:
9307:
9250:
9166:
8328:
8241:
8032:
7227:
4918:
2101:
1860:
1652:"Evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria) inferred from mitochondrial genomes"
1021:. Debate remains as to whether the phocids diverged from the otariids before or after the walrus.
338:
329:
9780:
9231:
9099:
9057:
8582:
8542:
8368:
8358:
8212:
7663:
7298:
6890:
6412:
6102:
5825:
5798:
5061:
4803:
4655:
3758:
3550:
3490:
2875:
2811:
2488:
2383:
2137:
2082:
1939:
1880:
1632:
1280:
1271:
1165:
794:
772:
144:
9703:
9361:
8715:
8308:
8284:
8069:
3650:
1958:
9716:
9288:
8861:
8773:
8046:
9685:
9558:
9436:
9335:
9240:
8930:
8682:
8612:
8562:
8090:
7997:
7988:
7542:
7459:
7239:
6735:
6702:
5626:
5133:
4855:
4637:
4491:
4365:
4249:
3602:
3432:
3390:
3337:
3117:
3099:
2857:
2283:
2248:
2129:
2074:
2025:
1978:
1841:
1803:
1776:
1734:
1699:
1681:
1624:
1555:
1460:
1344:
1097:
1077:
1039:
534:
9628:
9211:
1505:) and its extinct relatives, and the third of all the remaining Southern Hemisphere species.
296:
9739:
9690:
9297:
7879:
7821:
7654:
6932:
6362:
5652:
5434:
5184:
4374:
4273:
4057:
4048:
3632:
3423:
3414:
3208:
3199:
2757:
2310:
2275:
2240:
2174:
2121:
2064:
2017:
1998:"On-land habitat preferences of female New Zealand sea lions at Sandy Bay, Auckland Islands"
1970:
1929:
1918:"Sexual-size dimorphism: influence of mass and mating systems in the most dimorphic mammals"
1872:
1833:
1768:
1726:
1689:
1671:
1614:
1545:
1537:
1374:
1161:
564:
242:
2301:
Berta, A.; Churchill, M. (2012). "Pinniped
Taxonomy: evidence for species and subspecies".
8977:
8900:
8135:
8106:
7839:
7830:
7758:
7713:
7375:
7325:
7316:
7191:
7137:
7081:
6950:
6923:
6816:
6634:
6593:
6558:
6303:
5366:
5046:
5037:
4544:
4282:
3731:
3181:
3108:
2802:
2607:
2541:
2518:
1772:
1580:
1233:
1189:
449:
423:
9500:
5079:
3066:
2117:
2060:
2013:
1796:
1718:
1667:
1619:
1610:
1594:
8957:
8472:
7969:
7812:
7731:
7533:
7280:
7173:
7146:
6199:
5816:
5416:
5280:
4963:
4500:
4482:
4413:
4024:
4015:
3617:
3578:
2532:
2444:
1730:
1694:
1651:
1550:
1525:
1248:
726:
438:
2156:
1064:; while the sea lions comprise five species under five genera. Recent analyses of the
9769:
9344:
9090:
9037:
8398:
8076:
7776:
7672:
7645:
7271:
6969:
6914:
6436:
6380:
6121:
5762:
5217:
4779:
3944:
3911:
3713:
3704:
3641:
3541:
3499:
3351:
2944:
2314:
2165:
2141:
2021:
1861:"Fur seals and sea lions (Otariidae): identification of species and taxonomic review"
1636:
1242:
705:
376:
281:
81:
2086:
1884:
1192:-associated females, occasionally injuring them, while the Steller sea lion and the
9277:
9195:
9017:
8923:
8663:
8642:
8465:
8458:
8195:
8172:
8060:
8011:
8004:
7803:
7749:
7450:
7218:
7164:
6941:
6840:
6395:
6371:
6190:
6181:
6001:
5968:
5891:
5852:
5262:
5244:
5106:
4978:
4437:
3838:
3801:
3686:
3668:
3081:
3027:
2953:
2631:
2218:
1150:
1044:
427:
388:
347:
9514:
1595:"The Origin and Evolutionary Biology of Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses"
9563:
9527:
1676:
9610:
9494:
9106:
9067:
8987:
8739:
8672:
8633:
8592:
8409:
8298:
8274:
8123:
7417:
6608:
6525:
6498:
6247:
6161:
6093:
6019:
6010:
5977:
5935:
5900:
5617:
5510:
5342:
4882:
4794:
4347:
3920:
3740:
3405:
3319:
3302:
3279:
3242:
3126:
3090:
2935:
2724:
2579:
2279:
1996:
Augé, Amélie A.; Chilvers, B. Louise; Mathieu, Renaud; Moore, Antoni B. (2012).
1338:
1176:
All otariids breed on land during well-defined breeding seasons. Except for the
1014:
1010:
287:
56:
2244:
398:(another species became extinct in the 1950s) and are commonly known either as
123:
9351:
9176:
9117:
9078:
9047:
9007:
8997:
8967:
8941:
8916:
8909:
8885:
8813:
8692:
8652:
8602:
8572:
8552:
8489:
8441:
8391:
8379:
8348:
8224:
8025:
7948:
7626:
6872:
6803:
6790:
6757:
6543:
6281:
6041:
5566:
5452:
5443:
5392:
5357:
5333:
5097:
4996:
4945:
4891:
4873:
4846:
4753:
4703:
4102:
4075:
4003:
3986:
3749:
3722:
3568:
3472:
3456:
3292:
3172:
3012:
2848:
2715:
2507:
2475:
2459:
1876:
1425:
1368:
1111:
954:
488:
415:
407:
320:
302:
251:
227:
101:
66:
2133:
2078:
2029:
1982:
1685:
1628:
1013:, though an earlier hypothesis suggested that Otаriidae are descended from a
448:
meaning "little ear", referring to the small but visible external ear flaps (
9584:
9156:
9146:
8756:
8749:
8732:
8479:
8451:
8421:
8338:
8318:
8264:
8252:
8018:
7954:
7942:
7557:
7492:
7105:
7045:
6831:
6652:
6267:
6259:
6208:
6058:
5944:
5926:
5640:
5474:
5307:
5149:
5115:
4927:
4619:
3893:
3363:
2839:
2407:
2125:
2069:
2044:
1974:
1359:
1213:
1135:
1073:
1006:
996:
384:
201:
161:
106:
50:
9485:
2375:
2287:
2252:
1845:
1837:
1703:
1559:
1541:
1780:
1593:
Berta, Annalisa; Churchill, Morgan; Boessenecker, Robert W. (2018-05-30).
1144:
1141:
1056:
in the North
Pacific with a single representative, the northern fur seal (
9479:
9368:
9324:
9261:
9027:
8783:
8725:
8525:
8291:
8184:
8039:
7930:
7911:
7254:
6717:
6534:
6510:
5871:
5721:
5667:
5603:
5598:
5551:
5483:
5401:
5271:
5020:
5011:
4909:
4864:
4744:
4577:
4401:
4314:
4223:
4213:
4192:
4152:
4039:
3971:
3879:
3870:
3190:
2986:
2739:
2622:
2589:
2438:
2426:
1444:
1387:
577:
501:
453:
431:
403:
399:
353:
308:
214:
181:
96:
91:
76:
71:
61:
43:
17:
9537:
1084:) is now considered a separate species, rather than a subspecies of the
459:
9129:
8703:
8083:
7636:
7483:
7357:
7072:
6584:
5914:
5380:
4936:
4900:
4767:
4735:
4719:
4232:
3935:
3514:
2995:
2902:
2820:
2748:
2690:
2667:
2560:
1943:
1468:
1025:
419:
391:
111:
86:
39:
9615:
9136:
7936:
7924:
7740:
7687:
7432:
7120:
6854:
5574:
5235:
5070:
4827:
4264:
3036:
2962:
2911:
2893:
2866:
2787:
2649:
2432:
2420:
1406:
961:
442:
411:
314:
259:
191:
171:
9602:
9456:
1934:
1917:
9589:
2209:, Red Data Book, Japan Integrated Biodiversity Information System,
9724:
8763:
7722:
7581:
7524:
7397:
7200:
7057:
6684:
6666:
6289:
5959:
5208:
5193:
3854:
3145:
2640:
1490:
1209:
1205:
1120:
1110:
458:
395:
8790:
7096:
5992:
5317:
5253:
2926:
2658:
1957:
Augé, Amélie; Chilvers; Moore; Mathieu; Robertson (2009-01-01).
1201:
1060:), and eight species in the Southern Hemisphere under the genus
1018:
9460:
9425:
8883:
7967:
7883:
6788:
6245:
5549:
4701:
3836:
3277:
2457:
2379:
5226:
4835:
3163:
1156:
Male otariids range in size from the 70 kg (150 lb)
9576:
1573:
1493:
within the family; one consisting of the northern sea lions (
434:
Oceans. They are conspicuously absent in the north
Atlantic.
1160:, smallest of all otariids, to the over 1,000-kg (2,200-lb)
2365:
2344:
Perrin, W. F., B. Würsig, and J. G. M. Thewissen (2002)
9357:
9313:
9303:
9273:
9246:
9207:
9172:
9162:
9152:
9142:
9125:
9087:
9063:
9053:
9043:
9033:
9023:
9013:
9003:
8993:
8983:
8973:
8963:
8953:
8897:
8779:
8769:
8745:
8721:
8711:
8688:
8678:
8648:
8618:
8608:
8598:
8588:
8578:
8568:
8558:
8548:
8538:
8505:
8495:
8485:
8447:
8437:
8427:
8417:
8387:
8364:
8354:
8344:
8334:
8324:
8314:
8304:
8280:
8270:
8260:
8237:
8208:
8168:
8158:
8148:
8119:
8057:
7985:
1802:(2nd ed.). New York: Cornell University Press.
1009:
origin of pinnipeds, sharing a common ancestor with
343:
334:
325:
292:
9469:
9334:
9287:
9260:
9230:
9221:
9194:
9116:
9086:
9077:
8940:
8896:
8812:
8702:
8662:
8632:
8523:
8408:
8378:
8251:
8222:
8193:
8182:
8133:
8104:
8056:
7984:
7685:
7634:
7625:
7579:
7555:
7522:
7481:
7430:
7396:
7355:
7314:
7297:
7252:
7226:
7217:
7118:
7094:
7070:
7044:
6967:
6912:
6870:
6853:
6829:
6801:
6756:
6715:
6682:
6665:
6606:
6556:
6523:
6497:
6434:
6393:
6360:
6301:
6280:
6258:
6160:
6119:
6091:
6057:
6040:
5990:
5957:
5913:
5870:
5851:
5760:
5719:
5665:
5639:
5615:
5587:
5565:
5509:
5482:
5473:
5414:
5379:
5355:
5331:
5316:
5305:
5206:
5147:
5132:
5059:
5009:
4977:
4962:
4825:
4792:
4766:
4733:
4717:
4617:
4575:
4435:
4400:
4345:
4312:
4262:
4221:
4212:
4191:
4150:
4100:
4074:
4037:
4002:
3985:
3969:
3933:
3892:
3868:
3853:
3800:
3615:
3576:
3567:
3512:
3471:
3453:
3403:
3350:
3301:
3290:
3241:
3143:
3079:
3053:
3025:
2984:
2975:
2924:
2837:
2800:
2774:
2737:
2713:
2704:
2688:
2620:
2587:
2578:
2558:
2516:
2505:
2473:
1076:distinct than previously assumed; for example, the
1795:
1005:Morphological and molecular evidence supports a
2180:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T41667A113089431.en
437:The words "otariid" and "otary" come from the
7895:
2391:
2339:Behavior and Ecology of the Northern Fur Seal
1599:Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
8:
2353:The Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions and Walruses
1212:. Sea lions tend to feed closer to shore in
2355:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
1524:Boessenecker, R. W.; Churchill, M. (2015).
9457:
9422:
9266:
9227:
9200:
9083:
8946:
8893:
8880:
8809:
8531:
8230:
8201:
8190:
8141:
8112:
7981:
7977:
7964:
7902:
7888:
7880:
7631:
7410:
7311:
7232:
7223:
7050:
6867:
6809:
6798:
6785:
6679:
6503:
6298:
6255:
6242:
6174:
6071:
6054:
5919:
5884:
5867:
5645:
5612:
5562:
5546:
5479:
5385:
5328:
5313:
5144:
4989:
4974:
4772:
4730:
4714:
4698:
4406:
4218:
4209:
4080:
4008:
3999:
3982:
3904:
3865:
3850:
3846:
3833:
3797:
3573:
3483:
3468:
3450:
3356:
3298:
3287:
3274:
3059:
2981:
2780:
2710:
2701:
2584:
2575:
2571:
2555:
2513:
2502:
2481:
2470:
2454:
2398:
2384:
2376:
1034:from southern California, while the genus
122:
31:
2178:
2068:
1933:
1693:
1675:
1618:
1549:
1519:
1517:
2341:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
1903:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
1513:
2268:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1773:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040189
1200:Otariids are carnivorous, feeding on
452:), which distinguishes them from the
7:
9786:Extant Burdigalian first appearances
9730:3C20BA6E-FFE1-FFD0-DBDB-FE1CFEFA8717
9678:720e25a3-2755-4738-8f45-25eb8884a881
2332:Marine Mammals: Evolutionary Biology
3768:South African small-spotted genet (
2211:Ministry of the Environment (Japan)
2166:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1620:10.1146/annurev-earth-082517-010009
855:
833:
787:
765:
719:
712:
661:
639:
584:
557:
549:
527:
517:
494:
484:
1731:10.1016/b978-0-12-373553-9.00199-1
25:
4112:Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (
1501:), one of the northern fur seal (
1125:Eared seal off the Namibian coast
9408:
8866:
8860:
8853:
2330:Berta, A., and L. Sumich (1999)
2315:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2011.00193.x
2215:Zalophus californianus japonicus
2205:Zalophus californianus japonicus
2106:Methods in Ecology and Evolution
2049:Methods in Ecology and Evolution
2022:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00515.x
148:
1761:Molecular Biology and Evolution
1017:most closely related to modern
9791:Taxa named by John Edward Gray
9442:List of fossil pinnipedimorphs
2346:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals
1725:, Elsevier, pp. 861–868,
1723:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals
1605:(1). Annual Reviews: 203–228.
1:
3524:Malabar large-spotted civet (
7786:Indonesian mountain weasel (
7442:North American river otter (
6330:Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (
3384:Macrogalidia musschenbroekii
2348:. San Diego: Academic Press.
2334:. San Diego: Academic Press.
1865:Systematics and Biodiversity
1677:10.1371/journal.pone.0240770
443:
383:, one of three groupings of
4647:Somalian slender mongoose (
2280:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.022
1526:"The oldest known fur seal"
9812:
7600:Asian small-clawed otter (
6339:American hog-nosed skunk (
6321:Molina's hog-nosed skunk (
4629:Angolan slender mongoose (
4324:Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (
3373:Small-toothed palm civet (
2245:10.1016/j.gene.2009.01.022
2213:. "The Japanese sea lion (
1574:http://dictionary.oed.com/
9432:
9421:
9406:
9269:
9203:
8949:
8892:
8879:
8850:
8808:
8534:
8233:
8204:
8144:
8115:
7980:
7976:
7963:
7919:
7505:
7413:
7367:Saharan striped polecat (
7338:
7235:
7053:
6812:
6797:
6784:
6506:
6348:Striped hog-nosed skunk (
6254:
6241:
6177:
6079:Mediterranean monk seal (
6074:
5922:
5887:
5808:Juan Fernández fur seal (
5772:South American fur seal (
5743:
5707:South American sea lion (
5702:
5648:
5561:
5545:
5388:
5180:
5089:South American gray fox (
5033:
4992:
4775:
4713:
4697:
4665:Common slender mongoose (
4531:
4409:
4295:
4245:
4138:Narrow-striped mongoose (
4133:
4083:
4011:
3907:
3849:
3845:
3832:
3796:
3660:Crested servaline genet (
3486:
3449:
3359:
3286:
3273:
3062:
3008:
2783:
2574:
2554:
2501:
2484:
2469:
2453:
2415:
2371:Otariids on MarineBio.org
1877:10.1017/S147720000300121X
958:
875:
860:
853:
838:
831:
807:
792:
785:
770:
763:
739:
724:
717:
710:
681:
666:
659:
644:
637:
604:
589:
582:
562:
555:
547:
532:
525:
515:
499:
492:
278:
273:
257:
250:
145:Scientific classification
143:
130:
121:
34:
7723:Stoat/Beringian ermine (
7591:African clawless otter (
7343:African striped weasel (
7156:Yellow-throated marten (
7032:Formosan ferret-badger (
6736:Western mountain coati (
6727:Eastern mountain coati (
6644:Western lowland olingo (
6626:Eastern lowland olingo (
6454:Southern spotted skunk (
6148:Southern elephant seal (
6139:Northern elephant seal (
5929:Pagophilus groenlandicus
4706:("dog-like" carnivorans)
4519:Stripe-necked mongoose (
4140:Mungotictis decemlineata
3015:Herpailurus yagouaroundi
2462:("cat-like" carnivorans)
1717:Berta, Annalisa (2009),
1434:(or Hooker's sea lion),
1310:(or southern fur seal),
1257:South African fur seal,
27:Family of marine mammals
7768:Yellow-bellied weasel (
7023:Burmese ferret-badger (
7005:Chinese ferret-badger (
6996:Bornean ferret badger (
6987:Vietnam ferret-badger (
6472:Eastern spotted skunk (
6463:Western spotted skunk (
6193:Leptonychotes weddellii
5835:Subantarctic fur seal (
5781:Australasian fur seal (
4605:Black-footed mongoose (
4587:Bushy-tailed mongoose (
4536:White-tailed mongoose (
4474:Indian brown mongoose (
4456:Short-tailed mongoose (
4447:Small Indian mongoose (
4384:Flat-headed kusimanse (
4357:Alexander's kusimanse (
4333:Common dwarf mongoose (
4300:Pousargues's mongoose (
4162:Brown-tailed mongoose (
4121:Grandidier's mongoose (
3375:Arctogalidia trivirgata
2599:Sunda clouded leopard (
2126:10.1111/2041-210X.13736
2070:10.1111/2041-210X.12847
1975:10.1163/15683909X427687
1413:South American sea lion
1326:South American fur seal
1290:Juan Fernández fur seal
1186:South American sea lion
878:South American fur seal
810:Juan Fernández fur seal
647:South American sea lion
465:South American sea lion
7609:Congo clawless otter (
7512:Hydrictis maculicollis
7510:Spotted-necked otter (
7469:Southern river otter (
7420:Pteronura brasiliensis
7183:European pine marten (
6694:South American coati (
6422:Palawan stink badger (
5748:New Zealand sea lion (
4813:Japanese raccoon dog (
4510:Crab-eating mongoose (
4465:Indian grey mongoose (
4088:Ring-tailed vontsira (
3899:(bone-crushing hyenas)
3594:Central African oyan (
3155:Chinese mountain cat (
2173:: e.T41667A113089431.
1838:10.1006/mpev.2001.1012
1583:Accessed November 2007
1542:10.1098/rsbl.2014.0835
1188:tend to herd specific
1126:
1118:
1107:Anatomy and appearance
1024:Otariids arose in the
476:Evolution and taxonomy
472:
9712:Paleobiology Database
9699:Paleobiology Database
7914:and their stem-allies
7849:Back-striped weasel (
7795:Black-footed ferret (
7567:Smooth-coated otter (
7345:Poecilogale albinucha
7014:Javan ferret-badger (
6900:Sumatran hog badger (
6882:Northern hog badger (
6576:Crab-eating raccoon (
6481:Pygmy spotted skunk (
6202:Lobodon carcinophagus
5938:Histriophoca fasciata
5731:Australian sea lion (
5677:California sea lion (
5426:American black bear (
5168:Black-backed jackal (
5159:Side-striped jackal (
4999:Chrysocyon brachyurus
4423:Long-nosed mongoose (
3696:Rusty-spotted genet (
3533:Large-spotted civet (
3382:Sulawesi palm civet (
3311:Owston's palm civet (
2885:Andean mountain cat (
2221:, northern Hokkaido."
2002:Marine Mammal Science
1916:Weckerly, FW (1998).
1826:Mol. Phylogenet. Evol
1317:Subantarctic fur seal
1265:A. pusillus doriferus
1263:Australian fur seal,
1124:
1114:
742:Subantarctic fur seal
509:(earless seals)
462:
375:is any member of the
7664:Long-tailed weasel (
7242:Lyncodon patagonicus
6891:Greater hog badger (
6413:Sunda stink badger (
6103:Hawaiian monk seal (
5826:Guadalupe fur seal (
5799:Antarctic fur seal (
5790:Galápagos fur seal (
5686:Galápagos sea lion (
4804:Common raccoon dog (
4656:Cape gray mongoose (
4596:Jackson's mongoose (
4556:Paracynictis selousi
4547:Cynictis penicillata
4171:Durrell's vontsira (
3759:Giant forest genet (
3551:Large Indian civet (
3491:Small Indian civet (
3100:Sunda leopard cat (
2876:Southern tiger cat (
2812:African golden cat (
2489:African palm civet (
2337:Gentry, R. L (1998)
1922:Journal of Mammalogy
1859:Brunner, S. (2003).
1719:"Pinniped Evolution"
1432:New Zealand sea lion
1308:New Zealand fur seal
1259:A. pusillus pusillus
1194:New Zealand sea lion
1138:for eared seals is:
1116:California sea lions
1090:Zalophus californius
684:New Zealand sea lion
7707:M. aistoodonnivalis
7543:Hairy-nosed otter (
7460:Neotropical otter (
7240:Patagonian weasel (
6703:White-nosed coati (
5903:Cystophora cristata
5894:Erignathus barbatus
5627:Northern fur seal (
5404:Helarctos malayanus
5040:Atelocynus microtis
4747:U. cinereoargenteus
4638:Egyptian mongoose (
4565:Rhynchogale melleri
4563:Meller's mongoose (
4554:Selous's mongoose (
4538:Ichneumia albicauda
4492:Collared mongoose (
4366:Angolan kusimanse (
4250:Liberian mongoose (
3603:West African oyan (
3502:Civettictis civetta
3433:Golden palm civet (
3391:Masked palm civet (
3366:Arctictis binturong
3340:Hemigalus derbyanus
3338:Banded palm civet (
3329:Hose's palm civet (
3118:Rusty-spotted cat (
2351:Riedman, M. (1990)
2118:2022MEcEv..13..243F
2061:2018MEcEv...9...98F
2014:2012MMamS..28..620A
1668:2021PLoSO..1640770H
1611:2018AREPS..46..203B
1451:California sea lion
1394:Australian sea lion
1178:Australian sea lion
1086:California sea lion
1070:Callorhinus ursinus
949:(eared seals)
841:Antipodean fur seal
669:Australian sea lion
592:California sea lion
387:. They comprise 15
133:Australian sea lion
7822:European polecat (
7655:Colombian weasel (
7305:(African polecats)
6933:Caucasian badger (
6861:(Eurasian badgers)
6311:(hog-nosed skunks)
6048:("southern seals")
5947:Halichoerus grypus
5878:("northern seals")
5750:Phocarctos hookeri
5655:Eumetopias jubatus
5653:Steller sea lion (
5435:Asian black bear (
5185:African wild dog (
5139:(wolf-like canids)
4416:Atilax paludinosus
4375:Common kusimanse (
4302:Dologale dybowskii
4274:Gambian mongoose (
4058:Western falanouc (
4049:Eastern falanouc (
4018:Cryptoprocta ferox
3923:Parahyaena brunnea
3678:Johnston's genet (
3633:Abyssinian genet (
3585:(African linsangs)
3493:Viverricula indica
3424:Brown palm civet (
3415:Asian palm civet (
3322:Cynogale bennettii
3313:Chrotogale owstoni
3209:European wildcat (
3200:Black-footed cat (
2790:Leptailurus serval
2758:Asian golden cat (
2524:(Asiatic linsangs)
2159:Zalophus japonicus
2155:Lowry, L. (2017).
1798:Seals of the World
1794:J.E. King (1983).
1579:2006-06-25 at the
1475:Galápagos sea lion
1299:Galápagos fur seal
1281:Guadalupe fur seal
1272:Antarctic fur seal
1166:sexually dimorphic
1158:Galápagos fur seal
1127:
1119:
1082:Zalophus japonicus
863:Galápagos fur seal
795:Guadalupe fur seal
773:Antarctic fur seal
607:Galápagos sea lion
473:
410:(phocids) and the
9763:
9762:
9686:Open Tree of Life
9463:Taxon identifiers
9454:
9453:
9450:
9449:
9437:List of pinnipeds
9417:
9416:
9404:
9403:
9400:
9399:
9396:
9395:
9392:
9391:
9190:
9189:
9186:
9185:
8875:
8874:
8848:
8847:
8844:
8843:
8840:
8839:
8836:
8835:
8832:
8831:
8804:
8803:
8800:
8799:
8519:
8518:
8100:
8099:
7989:Amphicynodontidae
7877:
7876:
7873:
7872:
7869:
7868:
7865:
7864:
7861:
7860:
7840:Siberian weasel (
7831:American ermine (
7759:Japanese weasel (
7714:Mountain weasel (
7698:
7621:
7620:
7407:
7392:
7391:
7388:
7387:
7376:Striped polecat (
7326:Marbled polecat (
7308:
7293:
7292:
7265:
7213:
7212:
7192:Japanese marten (
7138:American marten (
7131:
6989:M. cucphuongensis
6980:
6963:
6962:
6951:European badger (
6924:Japanese badger (
6864:
6817:American badger (
6780:
6779:
6776:
6775:
6752:
6751:
6748:
6747:
6676:
6635:Northern olingo (
6619:
6594:Cozumel raccoon (
6569:
6493:
6492:
6447:
6406:
6314:
6295:
6237:
6236:
6233:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6221:
6220:
6211:Ommatophoca rossi
6184:Hydrurga leptonyx
6171:
6168:(Antarctic seals)
6141:M. angustirostris
6132:
6115:
6114:
6081:Monachus monachus
6068:
6051:
6036:
6035:
6032:
6031:
5881:
5864:
5847:
5846:
5709:Otaria flavescens
5698:
5697:
5609:
5577:Odobenus rosmarus
5541:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5492:
5469:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5367:Spectacled bear (
5325:
5301:
5300:
5297:
5296:
5293:
5292:
5141:
5128:
5127:
5047:Crab-eating fox (
5038:Short-eared dog (
4986:
4971:
4958:
4957:
4840:
4782:Otocyon megalotis
4726:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4545:Yellow mongoose (
4396:
4395:
4283:Banded mongoose (
4252:Liberiictus kuhni
4206:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4070:
4069:
3996:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3901:
3862:
3828:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3732:Servaline genet (
3651:Bourlon's genet (
3626:
3587:
3563:
3562:
3445:
3444:
3417:P. hermaphroditus
3269:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3182:African wildcat (
3139:
3138:
3109:Flat-headed cat (
3049:
3048:
2833:
2832:
2770:
2769:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2608:Clouded leopard (
2567:
2542:Spotted linsang (
2526:
2491:Nandinia binotata
1809:978-0-7022-1694-7
1461:Japanese sea lion
1345:Northern fur seal
1098:sexual dimorphism
1078:Japanese sea lion
1040:northern fur seal
1003:
1002:
990:
989:
981:
980:
972:
971:
943:
942:
934:
933:
925:
924:
921:(fur seals)
915:
914:
906:
905:
897:
896:
888:
887:
820:
819:
752:
751:
694:
693:
626:
625:
617:
616:
535:Northern fur seal
469:Otaria flavescens
361:
360:
246:
16:(Redirected from
9803:
9756:
9755:
9743:
9742:
9733:
9732:
9720:
9719:
9707:
9706:
9694:
9693:
9681:
9680:
9671:
9670:
9658:
9657:
9645:
9644:
9632:
9631:
9619:
9618:
9606:
9605:
9593:
9592:
9580:
9579:
9567:
9566:
9554:
9553:
9541:
9540:
9531:
9530:
9518:
9517:
9505:
9504:
9503:
9490:
9489:
9488:
9458:
9423:
9412:
9359:
9315:
9305:
9275:
9267:
9248:
9228:
9209:
9201:
9174:
9164:
9154:
9144:
9127:
9089:
9084:
9065:
9055:
9045:
9035:
9025:
9015:
9005:
8995:
8985:
8975:
8965:
8955:
8947:
8899:
8894:
8881:
8870:
8864:
8858:
8857:
8810:
8781:
8771:
8747:
8723:
8713:
8690:
8680:
8650:
8620:
8610:
8600:
8590:
8580:
8570:
8560:
8550:
8540:
8532:
8507:
8497:
8487:
8449:
8439:
8429:
8419:
8389:
8366:
8356:
8346:
8336:
8326:
8316:
8306:
8282:
8272:
8262:
8239:
8231:
8210:
8202:
8191:
8170:
8160:
8150:
8142:
8121:
8113:
8059:
7987:
7982:
7978:
7965:
7904:
7897:
7890:
7881:
7813:Malayan weasel (
7732:Steppe polecat (
7705:Sichuan weasel (
7697:
7696:
7692:
7632:
7569:L. perspicillata
7534:Eurasian otter (
7411:
7406:
7405:
7401:
7312:
7307:
7306:
7302:
7281:Greater grison (
7264:
7263:
7259:
7233:
7224:
7174:Nilgiri marten (
7147:Pacific marten (
7130:
7129:
7125:
7051:
7034:M. subaurantiaca
6979:
6978:
6977:(ferret-badgers)
6974:
6868:
6863:
6862:
6858:
6810:
6799:
6786:
6680:
6675:
6674:
6670:
6618:
6617:
6613:
6568:
6567:
6563:
6504:
6446:
6445:
6444:(spotted skunks)
6441:
6405:
6404:
6400:
6313:
6312:
6308:
6299:
6294:
6293:
6285:
6256:
6243:
6200:Crabeater seal (
6175:
6170:
6169:
6165:
6131:
6130:
6129:(elephant seals)
6126:
6105:N. schauinslandi
6072:
6067:
6066:
6062:
6055:
6050:
6049:
6045:
5920:
5885:
5880:
5879:
5875:
5868:
5863:
5862:
5856:
5817:Brown fur seal (
5792:A. galapagoensis
5679:Z. californianus
5646:
5613:
5608:
5607:
5593:
5563:
5555:
5547:
5491:
5490:
5486:
5480:
5395:Melursus ursinus
5386:
5329:
5324:
5321:
5314:
5281:Ethiopian wolf (
5145:
5140:
5137:
4990:
4985:
4982:
4975:
4970:
4967:
4856:Blanford's fox (
4839:
4832:
4773:
4731:
4725:
4722:
4715:
4707:
4699:
4501:Ruddy mongoose (
4483:Javan mongoose (
4414:Marsh mongoose (
4407:
4386:C. platycephalus
4219:
4210:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4081:
4025:Malagasy civet (
4009:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3983:
3978:
3905:
3900:
3897:
3866:
3861:
3858:
3851:
3847:
3834:
3798:
3625:
3622:
3586:
3583:
3574:
3484:
3480:
3469:
3464:
3451:
3357:
3299:
3288:
3275:
3069:Otocolobus manul
3060:
2982:
2858:Geoffroy's cat (
2781:
2711:
2702:
2697:
2585:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2563:
2556:
2533:Banded linsang (
2525:
2522:
2514:
2503:
2482:
2471:
2463:
2455:
2400:
2393:
2386:
2377:
2366:BEIJING AQUARIUM
2319:
2318:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2228:
2222:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2182:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2072:
2040:
2034:
2033:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1969:(9): 1287–1311.
1954:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1801:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1697:
1679:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1622:
1590:
1584:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1553:
1521:
1455:Z. californianus
1375:Steller sea lion
1303:A. galapagoensis
1226:Family Otariidae
1168:of all mammals.
1162:Steller sea lion
1148:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1074:phylogenetically
1066:genetic evidence
856:
834:
788:
766:
720:
713:
662:
640:
585:
565:Steller sea lion
558:
550:
528:
518:
495:
485:
480:
479:
446:
406:, distinct from
345:
336:
327:
294:
241:
153:
152:
137:Neophoca cinerea
126:
116:
53:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
9811:
9810:
9806:
9805:
9804:
9802:
9801:
9800:
9796:Mammal families
9766:
9765:
9764:
9759:
9751:
9746:
9738:
9736:
9728:
9723:
9715:
9710:
9702:
9697:
9689:
9684:
9676:
9674:
9666:
9661:
9653:
9648:
9640:
9635:
9627:
9622:
9614:
9609:
9601:
9596:
9588:
9583:
9575:
9570:
9562:
9557:
9549:
9544:
9536:
9534:
9526:
9521:
9513:
9508:
9499:
9498:
9493:
9484:
9483:
9478:
9465:
9455:
9446:
9428:
9413:
9388:
9330:
9283:
9256:
9217:
9182:
9112:
9073:
8978:Kamtschatarctos
8936:
8901:Desmatophocidae
8888:
8871:
8852:
8828:
8796:
8698:
8658:
8628:
8528:
8515:
8404:
8374:
8247:
8227:
8218:
8198:
8187:
8178:
8138:
8136:Pinnipediformes
8129:
8109:
8107:Pinnipedimorpha
8096:
8052:
7972:
7959:
7915:
7908:
7878:
7857:
7833:M. richardsonii
7777:European mink (
7694:
7693:
7691:
7681:
7673:American mink (
7646:Amazon weasel (
7617:
7575:
7551:
7518:
7501:
7477:
7426:
7403:
7402:
7400:
7384:
7351:
7334:
7304:
7303:
7301:
7289:
7272:Lesser grison (
7261:
7260:
7258:
7248:
7209:
7127:
7126:
7124:
7114:
7090:
7066:
7040:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6959:
6908:
6860:
6859:
6857:
6849:
6825:
6806:
6793:
6772:
6744:
6711:
6672:
6671:
6669:
6661:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6602:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6552:
6519:
6489:
6456:S. angustifrons
6443:
6442:
6440:
6430:
6403:(stink badgers)
6402:
6401:
6399:
6389:
6381:Striped skunk (
6356:
6350:C. semistriatus
6310:
6309:
6307:
6287:
6286:
6284:
6276:
6270:Ailurus fulgens
6250:
6217:
6167:
6166:
6164:
6156:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6111:
6087:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6047:
6046:
6044:
6028:
5986:
5953:
5909:
5877:
5876:
5874:
5860:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5843:
5756:
5739:
5715:
5694:
5661:
5635:
5602:
5597:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5588:
5583:
5557:
5553:
5525:
5505:
5488:
5487:
5461:
5410:
5375:
5351:
5322:
5320:
5310:
5289:
5218:Golden jackal (
5202:
5176:
5138:
5136:
5124:
5055:
5049:Cerdocyon thous
5029:
5005:
4983:
4981:
4968:
4966:
4954:
4919:Rüppell's fox (
4833:
4831:
4821:
4806:N. procyonoides
4788:
4780:Bat-eared fox (
4762:
4727:
4723:
4709:
4705:
4673:
4658:H. pulverulenta
4613:
4571:
4527:
4494:U. semitorquata
4449:U. auropunctata
4431:
4392:
4341:
4308:
4291:
4258:
4241:
4203:
4201:
4196:
4195:
4179:
4146:
4129:
4096:
4090:Galidia elegans
4066:
4033:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3979:
3974:
3953:
3945:Spotted hyena (
3929:
3912:Striped hyena (
3898:
3896:
3888:
3859:
3857:
3841:
3816:
3776:
3714:Aquatic genet (
3705:Pardine genet (
3642:Angolan genet (
3623:
3621:
3611:
3596:P. richardsonii
3584:
3582:
3559:
3542:Malayan civet (
3508:
3500:African civet (
3476:
3475:
3465:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3441:
3399:
3346:
3331:Diplogale hosei
3295:
3282:
3257:
3217:
3135:
3075:
3055:
3045:
3021:
3004:
2977:
2971:
2945:Eurasian lynx (
2920:
2829:
2796:
2776:
2766:
2733:
2706:
2698:
2693:
2676:
2616:
2568:
2564:
2550:
2523:
2510:
2497:
2478:
2465:
2461:
2449:
2411:
2404:
2362:
2327:
2325:Further reading
2322:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2185:
2183:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2042:
2041:
2037:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1935:10.2307/1382840
1915:
1914:
1910:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1662:(2): e0240770.
1649:
1648:
1644:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1581:Wayback Machine
1571:
1567:
1536:(2): 20140835.
1530:Biology Letters
1523:
1522:
1515:
1511:
1234:Arctocephalinae
1223:
1174:
1140:
1139:
1109:
1103:
1015:common ancestor
991:
982:
973:
944:
935:
926:
916:
907:
898:
889:
821:
753:
695:
627:
618:
478:
463:Ear flaps of a
426:, the southern
424:Southern Oceans
351:
342:
333:
324:
318:
312:
306:
300:
291:
285:
269:
263:
240:
147:
117:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
48:
47:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9809:
9807:
9799:
9798:
9793:
9788:
9783:
9778:
9768:
9767:
9761:
9760:
9758:
9757:
9744:
9734:
9721:
9708:
9695:
9682:
9672:
9659:
9646:
9633:
9620:
9607:
9594:
9581:
9568:
9555:
9542:
9532:
9519:
9506:
9491:
9475:
9473:
9467:
9466:
9461:
9452:
9451:
9448:
9447:
9445:
9444:
9439:
9433:
9430:
9429:
9426:
9419:
9418:
9415:
9414:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9401:
9398:
9397:
9394:
9393:
9390:
9389:
9387:
9386:
9379:
9372:
9365:
9355:
9348:
9340:
9338:
9332:
9331:
9329:
9328:
9321:
9311:
9301:
9293:
9291:
9285:
9284:
9282:
9281:
9270:
9264:
9258:
9257:
9255:
9254:
9244:
9236:
9234:
9225:
9219:
9218:
9216:
9215:
9204:
9198:
9192:
9191:
9188:
9187:
9184:
9183:
9181:
9180:
9170:
9160:
9150:
9140:
9133:
9122:
9120:
9114:
9113:
9111:
9110:
9103:
9095:
9093:
9081:
9075:
9074:
9072:
9071:
9061:
9051:
9041:
9031:
9021:
9011:
9001:
8991:
8981:
8971:
8961:
8958:Archaeodobenus
8950:
8944:
8938:
8937:
8935:
8934:
8927:
8920:
8913:
8905:
8903:
8890:
8889:
8884:
8877:
8876:
8873:
8872:
8851:
8849:
8846:
8845:
8842:
8841:
8838:
8837:
8834:
8833:
8830:
8829:
8827:
8826:
8825:
8824:
8818:
8816:
8806:
8805:
8802:
8801:
8798:
8797:
8795:
8794:
8787:
8777:
8767:
8760:
8753:
8743:
8736:
8729:
8719:
8708:
8706:
8700:
8699:
8697:
8696:
8686:
8676:
8668:
8666:
8660:
8659:
8657:
8656:
8646:
8638:
8636:
8630:
8629:
8627:
8626:
8616:
8606:
8596:
8586:
8576:
8566:
8556:
8546:
8535:
8529:
8524:
8521:
8520:
8517:
8516:
8514:
8513:
8503:
8500:Properiptychus
8493:
8483:
8476:
8469:
8462:
8455:
8445:
8435:
8425:
8414:
8412:
8406:
8405:
8403:
8402:
8395:
8384:
8382:
8376:
8375:
8373:
8372:
8362:
8352:
8342:
8332:
8322:
8312:
8302:
8295:
8288:
8278:
8268:
8257:
8255:
8249:
8248:
8246:
8245:
8234:
8228:
8223:
8220:
8219:
8217:
8216:
8205:
8199:
8194:
8188:
8183:
8180:
8179:
8177:
8176:
8166:
8156:
8145:
8139:
8134:
8131:
8130:
8128:
8127:
8116:
8110:
8105:
8102:
8101:
8098:
8097:
8095:
8094:
8087:
8080:
8073:
8065:
8063:
8054:
8053:
8051:
8050:
8043:
8036:
8029:
8022:
8015:
8008:
8001:
7993:
7991:
7974:
7973:
7970:Pan-Pinnipedia
7968:
7961:
7960:
7958:
7957:
7951:
7945:
7939:
7933:
7927:
7920:
7917:
7916:
7909:
7907:
7906:
7899:
7892:
7884:
7875:
7874:
7871:
7870:
7867:
7866:
7863:
7862:
7859:
7858:
7856:
7855:
7851:M. strigidorsa
7846:
7837:
7828:
7819:
7810:
7804:Least weasel (
7801:
7792:
7783:
7774:
7765:
7756:
7750:Haida ermine (
7747:
7738:
7734:M. eversmannii
7729:
7720:
7711:
7701:
7699:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7679:
7670:
7661:
7652:
7642:
7640:
7629:
7623:
7622:
7619:
7618:
7616:
7615:
7606:
7597:
7587:
7585:
7577:
7576:
7574:
7573:
7563:
7561:
7553:
7552:
7550:
7549:
7540:
7530:
7528:
7520:
7519:
7517:
7516:
7506:
7503:
7502:
7500:
7499:
7489:
7487:
7479:
7478:
7476:
7475:
7466:
7462:L. longicaudis
7457:
7451:Marine otter (
7448:
7438:
7436:
7428:
7427:
7425:
7424:
7414:
7408:
7394:
7393:
7390:
7389:
7386:
7385:
7383:
7382:
7373:
7363:
7361:
7353:
7352:
7350:
7349:
7339:
7336:
7335:
7333:
7332:
7322:
7320:
7309:
7295:
7294:
7291:
7290:
7288:
7287:
7278:
7268:
7266:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7246:
7236:
7230:
7221:
7215:
7214:
7211:
7210:
7208:
7207:
7198:
7189:
7180:
7171:
7165:Beech marten (
7162:
7153:
7144:
7134:
7132:
7116:
7115:
7113:
7112:
7102:
7100:
7092:
7091:
7089:
7088:
7078:
7076:
7068:
7067:
7065:
7064:
7054:
7048:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7038:
7029:
7020:
7011:
7002:
6993:
6983:
6981:
6965:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6958:
6957:
6948:
6942:Asian badger (
6939:
6930:
6920:
6918:
6910:
6909:
6907:
6906:
6897:
6888:
6884:A. albogularis
6878:
6876:
6865:
6851:
6850:
6848:
6847:
6841:Honey badger (
6837:
6835:
6827:
6826:
6824:
6823:
6813:
6807:
6802:
6795:
6794:
6789:
6782:
6781:
6778:
6777:
6774:
6773:
6771:
6770:
6769:
6768:
6762:
6760:
6754:
6753:
6750:
6749:
6746:
6745:
6743:
6742:
6733:
6723:
6721:
6713:
6712:
6710:
6709:
6700:
6690:
6688:
6677:
6663:
6662:
6660:
6659:
6650:
6641:
6632:
6622:
6620:
6604:
6603:
6601:
6600:
6591:
6582:
6578:P. cancrivorus
6572:
6570:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6550:
6546:B. sumichrasti
6541:
6531:
6529:
6521:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6507:
6501:
6495:
6494:
6491:
6490:
6488:
6487:
6478:
6469:
6460:
6450:
6448:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6428:
6419:
6409:
6407:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6387:
6378:
6372:Hooded skunk (
6368:
6366:
6358:
6357:
6355:
6354:
6345:
6336:
6327:
6317:
6315:
6296:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6274:
6264:
6262:
6252:
6251:
6246:
6239:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6227:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6215:
6206:
6197:
6191:Weddell seal (
6188:
6182:Leopard seal (
6178:
6172:
6158:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6145:
6135:
6133:
6117:
6116:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6109:
6099:
6097:
6089:
6088:
6086:
6085:
6075:
6069:
6052:
6038:
6037:
6034:
6033:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6017:
6008:
6002:Caspian seal (
5998:
5996:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5984:
5975:
5969:Spotted seal (
5965:
5963:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5951:
5942:
5933:
5923:
5917:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5898:
5892:Bearded seal (
5888:
5882:
5865:
5861:or true seals)
5859:(earless seals
5849:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5841:
5832:
5823:
5814:
5805:
5796:
5787:
5778:
5768:
5766:
5758:
5757:
5755:
5754:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5737:
5727:
5725:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5713:
5703:
5700:
5699:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5683:
5673:
5671:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5649:
5643:
5637:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5623:
5621:
5610:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5581:
5571:
5569:
5559:
5558:
5550:
5543:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5521:
5515:
5513:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5503:
5502:
5501:
5495:
5493:
5477:
5471:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5450:
5441:
5432:
5422:
5420:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5408:
5399:
5389:
5383:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5363:
5361:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5345:A. melanoleuca
5339:
5337:
5326:
5311:
5306:
5303:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5287:
5278:
5269:
5263:Eastern wolf (
5260:
5251:
5245:African wolf (
5242:
5233:
5227:Domestic dog (
5224:
5214:
5212:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5191:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5165:
5155:
5153:
5142:
5130:
5129:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5113:
5107:Sechuran fox (
5104:
5100:L. gymnocercus
5095:
5086:
5080:Darwin's fox (
5077:
5067:
5065:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5053:
5044:
5034:
5031:
5030:
5028:
5027:
5017:
5015:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5003:
4993:
4987:
4972:
4960:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4952:
4943:
4934:
4925:
4916:
4907:
4898:
4889:
4880:
4871:
4862:
4853:
4849:V. bengalensis
4843:
4841:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4819:
4810:
4800:
4798:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4776:
4770:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4751:
4741:
4739:
4728:
4718:
4711:
4710:
4702:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4662:
4653:
4644:
4635:
4625:
4623:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4602:
4593:
4589:B. crassicauda
4583:
4581:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4560:
4551:
4542:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4516:
4507:
4498:
4489:
4480:
4471:
4462:
4453:
4443:
4441:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4420:
4410:
4404:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4381:
4372:
4363:
4353:
4351:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4330:
4320:
4318:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4280:
4270:
4268:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4229:
4227:
4216:
4207:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4168:
4158:
4156:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4123:G. grandidieri
4118:
4108:
4106:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4055:
4045:
4043:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4022:
4012:
4006:
3997:
3980:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3941:
3939:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3918:
3908:
3902:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3876:
3874:
3863:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3806:
3804:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3765:
3756:
3747:
3738:
3729:
3720:
3711:
3702:
3693:
3687:Letaba genet (
3684:
3675:
3669:Common genet (
3666:
3657:
3648:
3639:
3629:
3627:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3600:
3590:
3588:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3548:
3539:
3530:
3520:
3518:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3506:
3497:
3487:
3481:
3466:
3454:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3435:P. zeylonensis
3430:
3421:
3411:
3409:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3393:Paguma larvata
3388:
3379:
3370:
3360:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3335:
3326:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3296:
3291:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3206:
3197:
3188:
3179:
3170:
3164:Domestic cat (
3161:
3151:
3149:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3124:
3120:P. rubiginosus
3115:
3106:
3097:
3093:P. bengalensis
3087:
3085:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3067:Pallas's cat (
3063:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3033:
3031:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2992:
2990:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2960:
2954:Iberian lynx (
2951:
2942:
2932:
2930:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2909:
2900:
2891:
2882:
2873:
2864:
2855:
2845:
2843:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2818:
2808:
2806:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2755:
2745:
2743:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2721:
2719:
2708:
2699:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2665:
2656:
2647:
2638:
2632:Snow leopard (
2628:
2626:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2582:
2569:
2559:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2539:
2529:
2527:
2511:
2506:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2485:
2479:
2474:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2445:Laurasiatheria
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2361:
2360:External links
2358:
2357:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2309:(3): 207–234.
2293:
2274:(2): 345–354.
2258:
2239:(1–2): 89–99.
2223:
2193:
2147:
2112:(1): 243–261.
2092:
2035:
2008:(3): 620–637.
1988:
1949:
1908:
1890:
1871:(3): 339–439.
1851:
1832:(2): 270–284.
1815:
1808:
1786:
1751:
1739:
1709:
1642:
1585:
1565:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1472:
1457:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1323:
1314:
1305:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1261:
1249:Brown fur seal
1222:
1219:
1173:
1170:
1136:dental formula
1108:
1105:
1068:suggests that
1031:Eotaria crypta
1001:
1000:
993:
992:
988:
987:
984:
983:
979:
978:
975:
974:
970:
969:
966:
965:
957:
951:
950:
946:
945:
941:
940:
937:
936:
932:
931:
928:
927:
923:
922:
918:
917:
913:
912:
909:
908:
904:
903:
900:
899:
895:
894:
891:
890:
886:
885:
882:
881:
874:
871:
870:
867:
866:
859:
854:
852:
849:
848:
845:
844:
837:
832:
830:
827:
826:
823:
822:
818:
817:
814:
813:
806:
803:
802:
799:
798:
791:
786:
784:
781:
780:
777:
776:
769:
764:
762:
759:
758:
755:
754:
750:
749:
746:
745:
738:
735:
734:
731:
730:
727:Brown fur seal
723:
718:
716:
711:
709:
701:
700:
697:
696:
692:
691:
688:
687:
680:
677:
676:
673:
672:
665:
660:
658:
655:
654:
651:
650:
643:
638:
636:
633:
632:
629:
628:
624:
623:
620:
619:
615:
614:
611:
610:
603:
600:
599:
596:
595:
588:
583:
581:
573:
572:
569:
568:
561:
556:
554:
548:
546:
543:
542:
539:
538:
531:
526:
524:
516:
514:
511:
510:
506:
505:
498:
493:
491:
483:
477:
474:
359:
358:
276:
275:
271:
270:
264:
255:
254:
248:
247:
235:
231:
230:
225:
218:
217:
212:
205:
204:
199:
195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
141:
140:
128:
127:
119:
118:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
54:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9808:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9773:
9771:
9754:
9749:
9745:
9741:
9735:
9731:
9726:
9722:
9718:
9713:
9709:
9705:
9700:
9696:
9692:
9687:
9683:
9679:
9673:
9669:
9664:
9660:
9656:
9651:
9647:
9643:
9638:
9634:
9630:
9625:
9621:
9617:
9612:
9608:
9604:
9599:
9595:
9591:
9586:
9582:
9578:
9573:
9569:
9565:
9560:
9556:
9552:
9547:
9543:
9539:
9533:
9529:
9524:
9520:
9516:
9511:
9507:
9502:
9496:
9492:
9487:
9481:
9477:
9476:
9474:
9472:
9468:
9464:
9459:
9443:
9440:
9438:
9435:
9434:
9431:
9424:
9420:
9411:
9385:
9384:
9380:
9378:
9377:
9373:
9371:
9370:
9366:
9364:
9363:
9356:
9354:
9353:
9349:
9347:
9346:
9345:Arctocephalus
9342:
9341:
9339:
9337:
9333:
9327:
9326:
9322:
9320:
9319:
9312:
9310:
9309:
9302:
9300:
9299:
9295:
9294:
9292:
9290:
9286:
9280:
9279:
9272:
9271:
9268:
9265:
9263:
9259:
9253:
9252:
9245:
9243:
9242:
9238:
9237:
9235:
9233:
9229:
9226:
9224:
9220:
9214:
9213:
9206:
9205:
9202:
9199:
9197:
9193:
9179:
9178:
9171:
9169:
9168:
9161:
9159:
9158:
9151:
9149:
9148:
9141:
9139:
9138:
9134:
9132:
9131:
9124:
9123:
9121:
9119:
9115:
9109:
9108:
9104:
9102:
9101:
9097:
9096:
9094:
9092:
9091:Dusignathinae
9085:
9082:
9080:
9076:
9070:
9069:
9062:
9060:
9059:
9052:
9050:
9049:
9042:
9040:
9039:
9038:Proneotherium
9032:
9030:
9029:
9022:
9020:
9019:
9012:
9010:
9009:
9002:
9000:
8999:
8992:
8990:
8989:
8982:
8980:
8979:
8972:
8970:
8969:
8962:
8960:
8959:
8952:
8951:
8948:
8945:
8943:
8939:
8933:
8932:
8928:
8926:
8925:
8921:
8919:
8918:
8914:
8912:
8911:
8907:
8906:
8904:
8902:
8895:
8891:
8887:
8882:
8878:
8869:
8865:
8863:
8856:
8822:
8821:
8820:
8819:
8817:
8815:
8811:
8807:
8793:
8792:
8788:
8786:
8785:
8778:
8776:
8775:
8768:
8766:
8765:
8761:
8759:
8758:
8754:
8752:
8751:
8744:
8742:
8741:
8737:
8735:
8734:
8730:
8728:
8727:
8720:
8718:
8717:
8710:
8709:
8707:
8705:
8701:
8695:
8694:
8687:
8685:
8684:
8677:
8675:
8674:
8670:
8669:
8667:
8665:
8661:
8655:
8654:
8647:
8645:
8644:
8640:
8639:
8637:
8635:
8631:
8625:
8624:
8623:Sarmatonectes
8617:
8615:
8614:
8607:
8605:
8604:
8597:
8595:
8594:
8587:
8585:
8584:
8577:
8575:
8574:
8567:
8565:
8564:
8557:
8555:
8554:
8547:
8545:
8544:
8537:
8536:
8533:
8530:
8527:
8522:
8512:
8511:
8510:Virginiaphoca
8504:
8502:
8501:
8494:
8492:
8491:
8484:
8482:
8481:
8477:
8475:
8474:
8470:
8468:
8467:
8466:Leptonychotes
8463:
8461:
8460:
8456:
8454:
8453:
8446:
8444:
8443:
8436:
8434:
8433:
8432:Australophoca
8426:
8424:
8423:
8416:
8415:
8413:
8411:
8407:
8401:
8400:
8396:
8394:
8393:
8386:
8385:
8383:
8381:
8377:
8371:
8370:
8363:
8361:
8360:
8353:
8351:
8350:
8343:
8341:
8340:
8333:
8331:
8330:
8323:
8321:
8320:
8313:
8311:
8310:
8303:
8301:
8300:
8296:
8294:
8293:
8289:
8287:
8286:
8279:
8277:
8276:
8269:
8267:
8266:
8259:
8258:
8256:
8254:
8250:
8244:
8243:
8236:
8235:
8232:
8229:
8226:
8221:
8215:
8214:
8207:
8206:
8203:
8200:
8197:
8192:
8189:
8186:
8181:
8175:
8174:
8167:
8165:
8164:
8163:Pinnarctidion
8157:
8155:
8154:
8153:Pacificotaria
8147:
8146:
8143:
8140:
8137:
8132:
8126:
8125:
8118:
8117:
8114:
8111:
8108:
8103:
8093:
8092:
8088:
8086:
8085:
8081:
8079:
8078:
8077:Potamotherium
8074:
8072:
8071:
8067:
8066:
8064:
8062:
8055:
8049:
8048:
8044:
8042:
8041:
8037:
8035:
8034:
8030:
8028:
8027:
8023:
8021:
8020:
8016:
8014:
8013:
8009:
8007:
8006:
8002:
8000:
7999:
7995:
7994:
7992:
7990:
7983:
7979:
7975:
7971:
7966:
7962:
7956:
7952:
7950:
7946:
7944:
7940:
7938:
7934:
7932:
7928:
7926:
7922:
7921:
7918:
7913:
7905:
7900:
7898:
7893:
7891:
7886:
7885:
7882:
7854:
7852:
7847:
7845:
7843:
7838:
7836:
7834:
7829:
7827:
7825:
7820:
7818:
7816:
7811:
7809:
7807:
7802:
7800:
7798:
7793:
7791:
7789:
7788:M. lutreolina
7784:
7782:
7780:
7775:
7773:
7771:
7766:
7764:
7762:
7757:
7755:
7753:
7748:
7746:
7744:
7739:
7737:
7735:
7730:
7728:
7726:
7721:
7719:
7717:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7703:
7702:
7700:
7690:
7689:
7684:
7678:
7676:
7671:
7669:
7667:
7662:
7660:
7658:
7653:
7651:
7649:
7644:
7643:
7641:
7639:
7638:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7624:
7614:
7612:
7607:
7605:
7603:
7598:
7596:
7594:
7589:
7588:
7586:
7584:
7583:
7578:
7572:
7570:
7565:
7564:
7562:
7560:
7559:
7554:
7548:
7546:
7541:
7539:
7537:
7532:
7531:
7529:
7527:
7526:
7521:
7515:
7513:
7508:
7507:
7504:
7498:
7496:
7491:
7490:
7488:
7486:
7485:
7480:
7474:
7472:
7467:
7465:
7463:
7458:
7456:
7454:
7449:
7447:
7445:
7444:L. canadensis
7440:
7439:
7437:
7435:
7434:
7429:
7423:
7421:
7418:Giant otter (
7416:
7415:
7412:
7409:
7399:
7395:
7381:
7379:
7374:
7372:
7370:
7365:
7364:
7362:
7360:
7359:
7354:
7348:
7346:
7341:
7340:
7337:
7331:
7329:
7324:
7323:
7321:
7319:
7318:
7313:
7310:
7300:
7296:
7286:
7284:
7279:
7277:
7275:
7270:
7269:
7267:
7257:
7256:
7251:
7245:
7243:
7238:
7237:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7216:
7206:
7204:
7199:
7197:
7195:
7190:
7188:
7186:
7181:
7179:
7177:
7176:M. gwatkinsii
7172:
7170:
7168:
7163:
7161:
7159:
7154:
7152:
7150:
7145:
7143:
7141:
7136:
7135:
7133:
7123:
7122:
7117:
7111:
7109:
7104:
7103:
7101:
7099:
7098:
7093:
7087:
7085:
7080:
7079:
7077:
7075:
7074:
7069:
7063:
7061:
7056:
7055:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7043:
7037:
7035:
7030:
7028:
7026:
7021:
7019:
7017:
7016:M. orientalis
7012:
7010:
7008:
7003:
7001:
6999:
6994:
6992:
6990:
6985:
6984:
6982:
6972:
6971:
6966:
6956:
6954:
6949:
6947:
6945:
6940:
6938:
6936:
6931:
6929:
6927:
6922:
6921:
6919:
6917:
6916:
6911:
6905:
6903:
6898:
6896:
6894:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6880:
6879:
6877:
6875:
6874:
6869:
6866:
6856:
6852:
6846:
6844:
6839:
6838:
6836:
6834:
6833:
6828:
6822:
6820:
6819:Taxidea taxus
6815:
6814:
6811:
6808:
6805:
6800:
6796:
6792:
6787:
6783:
6766:
6765:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6759:
6755:
6741:
6739:
6734:
6732:
6730:
6729:N. meridensis
6725:
6724:
6722:
6720:
6719:
6714:
6708:
6706:
6701:
6699:
6697:
6692:
6691:
6689:
6687:
6686:
6681:
6678:
6668:
6664:
6658:
6656:
6651:
6649:
6647:
6642:
6640:
6638:
6633:
6631:
6629:
6624:
6623:
6621:
6611:
6610:
6605:
6599:
6597:
6592:
6590:
6588:
6583:
6581:
6579:
6574:
6573:
6571:
6561:
6560:
6555:
6549:
6547:
6542:
6540:
6538:
6533:
6532:
6530:
6528:
6527:
6522:
6516:
6514:
6509:
6508:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6496:
6486:
6484:
6479:
6477:
6475:
6470:
6468:
6466:
6461:
6459:
6457:
6452:
6451:
6449:
6439:
6438:
6433:
6427:
6425:
6420:
6418:
6416:
6415:M. javanensis
6411:
6410:
6408:
6398:
6397:
6392:
6386:
6384:
6379:
6377:
6375:
6370:
6369:
6367:
6365:
6364:
6359:
6353:
6351:
6346:
6344:
6342:
6341:C. leuconotus
6337:
6335:
6333:
6332:C. humboldtii
6328:
6326:
6324:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6306:
6305:
6300:
6297:
6291:
6283:
6279:
6273:
6271:
6266:
6265:
6263:
6261:
6257:
6253:
6249:
6244:
6240:
6214:
6212:
6207:
6205:
6203:
6198:
6196:
6194:
6189:
6187:
6185:
6180:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6151:
6146:
6144:
6142:
6137:
6136:
6134:
6124:
6123:
6118:
6108:
6106:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6084:
6082:
6077:
6076:
6073:
6070:
6060:
6056:
6053:
6043:
6039:
6025:
6023:
6020:Baikal seal (
6018:
6016:
6014:
6011:Ringed seal (
6009:
6007:
6005:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5995:
5994:
5989:
5983:
5981:
5978:Harbor seal (
5976:
5974:
5972:
5967:
5966:
5964:
5962:
5961:
5956:
5950:
5948:
5943:
5941:
5939:
5936:Ribbon seal (
5934:
5932:
5930:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5912:
5906:
5904:
5901:Hooded seal (
5899:
5897:
5895:
5890:
5889:
5886:
5883:
5873:
5869:
5866:
5854:
5850:
5840:
5838:
5837:A. tropicalis
5833:
5831:
5829:
5824:
5822:
5820:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5806:
5804:
5802:
5797:
5795:
5793:
5788:
5786:
5784:
5779:
5777:
5775:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5765:
5764:
5763:Arctocephalus
5759:
5753:
5751:
5746:
5745:
5742:
5736:
5734:
5729:
5728:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5718:
5712:
5710:
5705:
5704:
5701:
5691:
5689:
5688:Z. wollebaeki
5684:
5682:
5680:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5658:
5656:
5651:
5650:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5632:
5630:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5614:
5611:
5605:
5600:
5596:(eared seals:
5591:
5586:
5580:
5578:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5556:
5548:
5544:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5512:
5508:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5485:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5458:
5456:
5451:
5449:
5447:
5442:
5440:
5438:
5437:U. thibetanus
5433:
5431:
5429:
5428:U. americanus
5424:
5423:
5421:
5419:
5418:
5413:
5407:
5405:
5400:
5398:
5396:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5378:
5372:
5370:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5360:
5359:
5354:
5348:
5346:
5343:Giant panda (
5341:
5340:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5327:
5319:
5315:
5312:
5309:
5304:
5286:
5284:
5279:
5277:
5275:
5270:
5268:
5266:
5261:
5259:
5257:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5234:
5232:
5230:
5229:C. familiaris
5225:
5223:
5221:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5211:
5210:
5205:
5199:
5197:
5192:
5190:
5188:
5187:Lycaon pictus
5183:
5182:
5179:
5173:
5171:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5152:
5151:
5146:
5143:
5135:
5131:
5121:
5119:
5114:
5112:
5110:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5096:
5094:
5092:
5087:
5085:
5083:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5058:
5052:
5050:
5045:
5043:
5041:
5036:
5035:
5032:
5026:
5024:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4995:
4994:
4991:
4988:
4980:
4976:
4973:
4965:
4961:
4951:
4949:
4944:
4942:
4940:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4917:
4915:
4913:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4883:Tibetan fox (
4881:
4879:
4877:
4872:
4870:
4868:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4854:
4852:
4850:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4837:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4818:
4816:
4815:N. viverrinus
4811:
4809:
4807:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4785:
4783:
4778:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4765:
4759:
4757:
4756:U. littoralis
4752:
4750:
4748:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4732:
4729:
4721:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4700:
4696:
4670:
4668:
4663:
4661:
4659:
4654:
4652:
4650:
4645:
4643:
4641:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4631:H. flavescens
4627:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4610:
4608:
4603:
4601:
4599:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4568:
4566:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4552:
4550:
4548:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4534:
4533:
4530:
4524:
4522:
4521:U. vitticolla
4517:
4515:
4513:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4490:
4488:
4486:
4481:
4479:
4477:
4472:
4470:
4468:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4428:
4426:
4425:Xenogale naso
4421:
4419:
4417:
4412:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4389:
4387:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4373:
4371:
4369:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4338:
4336:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4311:
4305:
4303:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4288:
4286:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4253:
4248:
4247:
4244:
4238:
4236:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4211:
4208:
4199:
4198:sensu stricto
4194:
4190:
4176:
4174:
4169:
4167:
4165:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4149:
4143:
4141:
4136:
4135:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4063:
4061:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4041:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4027:Fossa fossana
4023:
4021:
4019:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3968:
3950:
3948:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3926:
3924:
3921:Brown hyena (
3919:
3917:
3915:
3914:Hyaena hyaena
3910:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3895:
3891:
3885:
3883:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3864:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3835:
3831:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3773:
3771:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3748:
3746:
3744:
3741:Hausa genet (
3739:
3737:
3735:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3721:
3719:
3717:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3658:
3656:
3654:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3644:G. angolensis
3640:
3638:
3636:
3635:G. abyssinica
3631:
3630:
3628:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3606:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3556:
3554:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3544:V. tangalunga
3540:
3538:
3536:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3505:
3503:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3478:sensu stricto
3474:
3470:
3467:
3463:
3458:
3452:
3448:
3438:
3436:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3396:
3394:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3352:Paradoxurinae
3349:
3343:
3341:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3320:Otter civet (
3318:
3316:
3314:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3276:
3272:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3214:
3212:
3211:F. silvestris
3207:
3205:
3203:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3142:
3132:
3130:
3129:P. viverrinus
3127:Fishing cat (
3125:
3123:
3121:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3102:P. javanensis
3098:
3096:
3094:
3091:Leopard cat (
3089:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3072:
3070:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3052:
3042:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3001:
2999:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2980:
2974:
2968:
2966:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2938:L. canadensis
2936:Canada lynx (
2934:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2917:
2915:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2826:
2824:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2773:
2763:
2761:
2760:C. temminckii
2756:
2754:
2752:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2725:Marbled cat (
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2709:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2695:sensu stricto
2692:
2687:
2673:
2671:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2611:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2545:
2544:P. pardicolor
2540:
2538:
2536:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2456:
2452:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2409:
2401:
2396:
2394:
2389:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2303:Mammal Review
2297:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2259:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2206:
2201:(in Japanese)
2197:
2194:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2160:
2151:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2055:(1): 98–108.
2054:
2050:
2046:
2039:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1800:
1799:
1790:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1755:
1752:
1742:
1740:9780123735539
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1713:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1646:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1480:
1479:Z. wollebaeki
1476:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1417:O. flavescens
1414:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1321:A. tropicalis
1318:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1243:Arctocephalus
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1137:
1131:
1123:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1062:Arctocephalus
1059:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
998:
995:
994:
986:
985:
977:
976:
968:
967:
964:
963:
956:
953:
952:
948:
947:
939:
938:
930:
929:
920:
919:
911:
910:
902:
901:
893:
892:
884:
883:
880:
879:
873:
872:
869:
868:
865:
864:
858:
857:
851:
850:
847:
846:
843:
842:
836:
835:
829:
828:
825:
824:
816:
815:
812:
811:
805:
804:
801:
800:
797:
796:
790:
789:
783:
782:
779:
778:
775:
774:
768:
767:
761:
760:
757:
756:
748:
747:
744:
743:
737:
736:
733:
732:
729:
728:
722:
721:
715:
714:
708:
707:
706:Arctocephalus
703:
702:
699:
698:
690:
689:
686:
685:
679:
678:
675:
674:
671:
670:
664:
663:
657:
656:
653:
652:
649:
648:
642:
641:
635:
634:
631:
630:
622:
621:
613:
612:
609:
608:
602:
601:
598:
597:
594:
593:
587:
586:
580:
579:
575:
574:
571:
570:
567:
566:
560:
559:
552:
551:
545:
544:
541:
540:
537:
536:
530:
529:
523:
520:
519:
513:
512:
508:
507:
504:
503:
497:
496:
490:
487:
486:
482:
481:
475:
470:
466:
461:
457:
455:
451:
447:
445:
440:
435:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
390:
386:
382:
378:
377:marine mammal
374:
370:
366:
357:
356:
355:
350:
349:
341:
340:
332:
331:
323:
322:
317:
316:
311:
310:
305:
304:
299:
298:
290:
289:
284:
283:
282:Arctocephalus
277:
272:
267:
262:
261:
256:
253:
249:
244:
239:
236:
233:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
219:
216:
213:
210:
207:
206:
203:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
151:
146:
142:
138:
134:
129:
125:
120:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
52:
45:
41:
33:
30:
19:
9470:
9381:
9374:
9367:
9360:
9350:
9343:
9323:
9318:Proterozetes
9316:
9308:Oriensarctos
9306:
9296:
9278:Thalassoleon
9276:
9251:Pithanotaria
9249:
9239:
9222:
9210:
9196:Panotariidae
9175:
9167:Protodobenus
9165:
9155:
9145:
9135:
9128:
9105:
9098:
9066:
9056:
9046:
9036:
9026:
9018:Pelagiarctos
9016:
9006:
8996:
8986:
8976:
8966:
8956:
8929:
8924:Desmatophoca
8922:
8915:
8908:
8859:
8789:
8782:
8772:
8762:
8755:
8748:
8740:Histriophoca
8738:
8731:
8724:
8714:
8691:
8681:
8671:
8664:Cystophorini
8651:
8641:
8621:
8611:
8601:
8591:
8581:
8571:
8561:
8551:
8541:
8508:
8498:
8488:
8478:
8471:
8464:
8457:
8450:
8440:
8430:
8420:
8397:
8390:
8367:
8357:
8347:
8337:
8329:Palmidophoca
8327:
8317:
8307:
8297:
8290:
8283:
8273:
8263:
8242:Magnotherium
8240:
8211:
8173:Pteronarctos
8171:
8161:
8151:
8122:
8089:
8082:
8075:
8068:
8061:Semantoridae
8045:
8038:
8033:Pachycynodon
8031:
8024:
8017:
8012:Amphicynodon
8010:
8005:Amphicticeps
8003:
7996:
7953:Infraorder:
7850:
7841:
7832:
7823:
7814:
7805:
7796:
7787:
7778:
7769:
7760:
7751:
7742:
7733:
7724:
7715:
7706:
7686:
7674:
7665:
7656:
7647:
7635:
7610:
7601:
7592:
7580:
7568:
7556:
7545:L. sumatrana
7544:
7535:
7523:
7511:
7494:
7482:
7470:
7461:
7452:
7443:
7431:
7419:
7377:
7368:
7356:
7344:
7328:V. peregusna
7327:
7315:
7282:
7273:
7253:
7241:
7228:Lyncodontini
7219:Ictonychinae
7203:M. zibellina
7202:
7193:
7184:
7175:
7166:
7158:M. flavigula
7157:
7148:
7140:M. americana
7139:
7119:
7107:
7095:
7083:
7071:
7060:Eira barbara
7059:
7033:
7025:M. personata
7024:
7015:
7006:
6997:
6988:
6968:
6952:
6943:
6935:M. canescens
6934:
6925:
6913:
6901:
6892:
6883:
6871:
6842:
6830:
6818:
6737:
6728:
6716:
6704:
6695:
6683:
6654:
6645:
6636:
6627:
6607:
6595:
6586:
6577:
6557:
6545:
6544:Cacomistle (
6536:
6524:
6513:Potos flavus
6512:
6482:
6473:
6464:
6455:
6435:
6423:
6414:
6394:
6382:
6373:
6361:
6349:
6340:
6331:
6322:
6302:
6269:
6210:
6201:
6192:
6183:
6149:
6140:
6120:
6104:
6092:
6080:
6065:(monk seals)
6021:
6012:
6003:
5991:
5979:
5970:
5958:
5946:
5937:
5928:
5902:
5893:
5836:
5828:A. townsendi
5827:
5818:
5810:A. philippii
5809:
5800:
5791:
5782:
5774:A. australis
5773:
5761:
5749:
5732:
5720:
5708:
5687:
5678:
5666:
5654:
5628:
5616:
5589:
5576:
5455:U. maritimus
5454:
5453:Polar bear (
5445:
5444:Brown bear (
5436:
5427:
5415:
5403:
5394:
5393:Sloth bear (
5368:
5356:
5344:
5332:
5282:
5273:
5264:
5255:
5246:
5237:
5228:
5219:
5207:
5196:Cuon alpinus
5195:
5186:
5170:L. mesomelas
5169:
5160:
5148:
5117:
5108:
5099:
5098:Pampas fox (
5090:
5081:
5072:
5060:
5048:
5039:
5023:S. venaticus
5022:
5010:
4998:
4997:Maned wolf (
4979:Cerdocyonina
4947:
4946:Fennec fox (
4938:
4929:
4921:V. rueppelli
4920:
4911:
4902:
4893:
4892:Arctic fox (
4885:V. ferrilata
4884:
4875:
4874:Corsac fox (
4866:
4857:
4848:
4847:Bengal fox (
4826:
4814:
4805:
4793:
4781:
4755:
4754:Island fox (
4746:
4734:
4667:H. sanguinea
4666:
4657:
4648:
4640:H. ichneumon
4639:
4630:
4618:
4606:
4597:
4588:
4576:
4564:
4555:
4546:
4537:
4520:
4511:
4502:
4493:
4484:
4475:
4467:U. edwardsii
4466:
4458:U. brachyura
4457:
4448:
4436:
4424:
4415:
4385:
4376:
4367:
4359:C. alexandri
4358:
4346:
4334:
4325:
4313:
4301:
4284:
4276:M. gambianus
4275:
4263:
4251:
4235:S. suricatta
4234:
4222:
4197:
4172:
4163:
4151:
4139:
4122:
4113:
4101:
4089:
4059:
4050:
4038:
4026:
4017:
3994:carnivorans)
3975:
3946:
3934:
3922:
3913:
3881:
3869:
3839:Herpestoidea
3802:Herpestoidea
3769:
3761:G. victoriae
3760:
3751:
3750:Cape genet (
3742:
3734:G. servalina
3733:
3724:
3723:King genet (
3716:G. piscivora
3715:
3706:
3697:
3688:
3680:G. johnstoni
3679:
3670:
3661:
3652:
3643:
3634:
3616:
3605:P. leightoni
3604:
3595:
3577:
3552:
3543:
3535:V. megaspila
3534:
3526:V. civettina
3525:
3513:
3501:
3492:
3477:
3461:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3404:
3392:
3383:
3374:
3365:
3339:
3330:
3321:
3312:
3210:
3201:
3193:F. margarita
3192:
3183:
3174:
3173:Jungle cat (
3165:
3156:
3144:
3128:
3119:
3111:P. planiceps
3110:
3101:
3092:
3082:Prionailurus
3080:
3068:
3038:
3026:
3014:
3013:Jaguarundi (
2997:
2985:
2964:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2925:
2913:
2904:
2895:
2886:
2877:
2868:
2860:L. geoffroyi
2859:
2850:
2849:Pampas cat (
2838:
2822:
2813:
2801:
2789:
2759:
2750:
2738:
2727:P. marmorata
2726:
2714:
2694:
2669:
2660:
2651:
2642:
2633:
2621:
2609:
2600:
2588:
2543:
2534:
2517:
2490:
2443:Superorder:
2437:Infraclass:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2271:
2267:
2261:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2219:Rebun Island
2214:
2204:
2196:
2184:. Retrieved
2170:
2164:
2158:
2150:
2109:
2105:
2095:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2005:
2001:
1991:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1928:(1): 33–42.
1925:
1921:
1911:
1893:
1868:
1864:
1854:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1797:
1789:
1767:(1): 28–52.
1764:
1760:
1754:
1744:, retrieved
1722:
1712:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1602:
1598:
1588:
1568:
1533:
1529:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1487:
1478:
1465:Z. japonicus
1464:
1454:
1443:
1435:
1424:
1416:
1405:
1397:
1386:
1378:
1367:
1363:(sea lions)
1357:
1348:
1337:
1330:A. australis
1329:
1320:
1311:
1302:
1294:A. philippii
1293:
1285:A. townsendi
1284:
1275:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1241:
1237:(fur seals)
1231:
1225:
1224:
1199:
1175:
1155:
1151:exploitation
1132:
1128:
1102:
1094:
1089:
1081:
1069:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1045:Thalassoleon
1043:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1007:monophyletic
1004:
959:
876:
861:
839:
808:
793:
771:
740:
725:
704:
682:
667:
645:
605:
590:
576:
563:
533:
521:
500:
468:
441:
436:
380:
372:
368:
364:
362:
352:
348:Thalassoleon
346:
339:Proterozetes
337:
330:Pithanotaria
328:
319:
313:
307:
301:
295:
286:
280:
279:
258:
237:
228:Panotariidae
221:
208:
136:
49:17.1–0
29:
9776:Eared seals
9611:iNaturalist
9495:Wikispecies
9241:Callorhinus
9232:Callorhinae
9107:Gomphotaria
9100:Dusignathus
9068:Titanotaria
9058:Pseudotaria
8988:Nanodobenus
8733:Halichoerus
8634:Erignathini
8593:Monotherium
8583:Monachopsis
8543:Cryptophoca
8480:Ommatophoca
8410:Lobodontini
8369:Terranectes
8359:Pristiphoca
8299:Neomonachus
8275:Auroraphoca
8213:Devinophoca
8124:Enaliarctos
7842:M. sibirica
7824:M. putorius
7797:M. nigripes
7779:M. lutreola
7752:M. haidarum
7648:N. africana
7611:A. congicus
7602:A. cinereus
7593:A. capensis
7493:Sea otter (
7471:L. provocax
7378:I. striatus
7299:Ictonychini
7194:M. melampus
7106:Wolverine (
7084:P. pennanti
7007:M. moschata
6998:M. everetti
6944:M. leucurus
6902:A. hoevenii
6893:A. collaris
6843:M. capensis
6738:N. olivacea
6653:Olinguito (
6609:Bassaricyon
6596:P. pygmaeus
6526:Bassariscus
6499:Procyonidae
6474:S. putorius
6465:S. gracilis
6383:M. mephitis
6374:M. macroura
6268:Red panda (
6248:Musteloidea
6209:Ross seal (
6162:Lobodontini
6094:Neomonachus
6022:P. sibirica
5980:P. vitulina
5945:Grey seal (
5927:Harp seal (
5819:A. pusillus
5783:A. forsteri
5618:Callorhinus
5552:Pinnipedia
5511:Musteloidea
5283:C. simensis
5247:C. lupaster
5116:Hoary fox (
5109:L. sechurae
5082:L. fulvipes
5073:L. culpaeus
4969:(true dogs)
4928:Swift fox (
4903:V. macrotis
4795:Nyctereutes
4704:Caniformia
4649:H. ochracea
4607:B. nigripes
4598:B. jacksoni
4485:U. javanica
4402:Herpestinae
4377:C. obscurus
4368:C. ansorgei
4348:Crossarchus
4204:(mongooses)
4193:Herpestidae
4173:S. durrelli
4164:S. concolor
4114:G. fasciata
4051:E. goudotii
3972:Herpestidae
3882:P. cristata
3743:G. thierryi
3698:G. maculata
3662:G. cristata
3653:G. bourloni
3406:Paradoxurus
3364:Binturong (
3303:Hemigalinae
3280:Viverroidea
3243:Viverroidea
3202:F. nigripes
3054:Leopard cat
3039:P. concolor
2956:L. pardinus
2905:L. tigrinus
2896:L. pardalis
2887:L. jacobita
2878:L. guttulus
2851:L. colocola
2610:N. nebulosa
2580:Pantherinae
2460:Feliformia
2186:13 November
1899:"Otariidae"
1503:Callorhinus
1339:Callorhinus
1312:A. forsteri
1253:A. pusillus
1054:Callorhinus
1036:Callorhinus
1011:Musteloidea
288:Callorhinus
35:Eared seals
9770:Categories
9383:Phocarctos
9362:Hydrarctos
9352:Arctophoca
9298:Eumetopias
9177:Valenictus
9118:Odobeninae
9079:Neodobenia
9048:Prototaria
9008:Osodobenus
8998:Neotherium
8968:Imagotaria
8942:Odobenidae
8917:Atopotarus
8910:Allodesmus
8886:Otarioidea
8823:see below↓
8814:Otarioidea
8757:Pagophilus
8716:Batavipusa
8693:Pachyphoca
8673:Cystophora
8653:Platyphoca
8643:Erignathus
8603:Phocanella
8573:Leptophoca
8553:Frisiphoca
8490:Piscophoca
8442:Hadrokirus
8392:Callophoca
8380:Miroungini
8349:Pontophoca
8309:Eomonachus
8285:Messiphoca
8225:Monachinae
8185:Pinnipedia
8070:Necromites
8026:Kolponomos
7949:Caniformia
7947:Suborder:
7910:Genera of
7815:M. nudipes
7806:M. nivalis
7770:M. kathiah
7725:M. erminea
7716:M. altaica
7666:N. frenata
7657:N. felipei
7627:Mustelinae
7369:I. libycus
7283:G. vittata
7149:M. caurina
6926:M. anakuma
6804:Mustelidae
6791:Mustelidae
6767:see below↓
6758:Mustelidae
6655:B. neblina
6566:(raccoons)
6537:B. astutus
6535:Ringtail (
6511:Kinkajou (
6483:S. pygmaea
6424:M. marchei
6282:Mephitidae
6150:M. leonina
6042:Monachinae
6013:P. hispida
6004:P. caspica
5801:A. gazella
5733:N. cinerea
5629:C. ursinus
5567:Odobenidae
5520:see below↓
5500:see below↓
5484:Pinnipedia
5402:Sun bear (
5369:T. ornatus
5358:Tremarctos
5334:Ailuropoda
5272:Red wolf (
5238:C. latrans
5161:L. adustus
5118:L. vetulus
5091:L. griseus
5021:Bush dog (
4912:V. pallida
4910:Pale fox (
4894:V. lagopus
4865:Cape fox (
4745:Gray fox (
4503:U. smithii
4335:H. parvula
4326:H. hirtula
4214:Mungotinae
4103:Galidictis
4076:Galidiinae
4004:Euplerinae
3987:Eupleridae
3976:sensu lato
3947:C. crocuta
3880:Aardwolf (
3811:see below↓
3752:G. tigrina
3725:G. poensis
3707:G. pardina
3689:G. letabae
3671:G. genetta
3569:Genettinae
3553:V. zibetha
3473:Viverrinae
3462:sensu lato
3457:Viverrinae
3426:P. jerdoni
3293:Viverridae
3252:see below↓
3191:Sand cat (
2998:A. jubatus
2823:C. caracal
2716:Pardofelis
2535:P. linsang
2476:Feliformia
1746:2022-07-04
1509:References
1495:Eumetopias
1436:P. hookeri
1426:Phocarctos
1398:N. cinerea
1379:E. jubatus
1369:Eumetopias
1358:Subfamily
1349:C. ursinus
1276:A. gazella
1232:Subfamily
1182:polygynous
1058:C. ursinus
955:Odobenidae
553:Otariinae
489:Pinnipedia
408:true seals
365:eared seal
321:Phocarctos
303:Eumetopias
252:Type genus
215:Pinnipedia
9781:Pinnipeds
9528:Otariidae
9515:Otariidae
9501:Otariidae
9471:Otariidae
9289:Zalophini
9262:Otariinae
9223:Otariidae
9157:Pliopedia
9147:Ontocetus
8774:Planopusa
8750:Nanophoca
8452:Homiphoca
8422:Acrophoca
8339:Pliophoca
8319:Noriphoca
8265:Afrophoca
8253:Monachini
8047:Wangictis
8019:Drassonax
7955:Arctoidea
7943:Carnivora
7923:Kingdom:
7912:pinnipeds
7761:M. itatsi
7695:(weasels)
7558:Lutrogale
7495:E. lutris
7453:L. felina
7262:(grisons)
7185:M. martes
7128:(martens)
7046:Guloninae
6832:Mellivora
6705:N. narica
6646:B. medius
6637:B. gabbii
6628:B. alleni
6616:(olingos)
6585:Raccoon (
6437:Spilogale
6323:C. chinga
6304:Conepatus
6260:Ailuridae
6059:Monachini
5971:P. largha
5641:Otariinae
5604:sea lions
5599:fur seals
5590:Otariidae
5475:Mustelida
5446:U. arctos
5308:Arctoidea
5265:C. lycaon
5220:C. aureus
5150:Lupulella
5062:Lycalopex
4939:V. vulpes
4937:Red fox (
4901:Kit fox (
4876:V. corsac
4620:Herpestes
4233:Meerkat (
3992:(Malagasy
3894:Hyaeninae
3855:Hyaenidae
3770:G. felina
3184:F. lybica
2996:Cheetah (
2914:L. wiedii
2903:Oncilla (
2869:L. guigna
2840:Leopardus
2821:Caracal (
2814:C. aurata
2749:Bay cat (
2670:P. pardus
2668:Leopard (
2643:P. tigris
2601:N. diardi
2519:Prionodon
2419:Kingdom:
2408:Carnivora
2142:243893898
2134:2041-210X
2079:2041-210X
2030:1748-7692
1983:0005-7959
1963:Behaviour
1686:1932-6203
1637:135439365
1629:0084-6597
1360:Otariinae
1214:upwelling
1142:3.1.4.1-3
997:Cladogram
522:Otariidae
416:odobenids
404:fur seals
400:sea lions
394:in seven
385:pinnipeds
381:Otariidae
238:Otariidae
202:Carnivora
168:Kingdom:
162:Eukaryota
18:Otariidae
9655:14000996
9535:BioLib:
9480:Wikidata
9369:Neophoca
9336:Otariini
9325:Zalophus
9137:Odobenus
9028:Pontolis
8931:Eodesmus
8784:Praepusa
8726:Gryphoca
8683:Miophoca
8613:Prophoca
8526:Phocinae
8459:Hydrurga
8399:Mirounga
8292:Monachus
8196:Phocidae
8091:Semantor
8040:Parictis
7998:Allocyon
7937:Mammalia
7931:Chordata
7929:Phylum:
7925:Animalia
7741:Ferret (
7675:N. vison
7536:L. lutra
7404:(otters)
7398:Lutrinae
7255:Galictis
7167:M. foina
7082:Fisher (
6970:Melogale
6953:M. meles
6873:Arctonyx
6718:Nasuella
6696:N. nasua
6673:(coatis)
6587:P. lotor
6363:Mephitis
6122:Mirounga
5872:Phocinae
5853:Phocidae
5722:Neophoca
5668:Zalophus
5575:Walrus (
5274:C. rufus
5256:C. lupus
5236:Coyote (
5071:Culpeo (
5012:Speothos
4948:V. zerda
4930:V. velox
4867:V. chama
4578:Bdeogale
4476:U. fusca
4315:Helogale
4285:M. mungo
4224:Suricata
4153:Salanoia
4060:E. major
4040:Eupleres
3871:Proteles
3860:(hyenas)
3624:(genets)
3175:F. chaus
3166:F. catus
3157:F. bieti
3037:Cougar (
2987:Acinonyx
2965:L. rufus
2963:Bobcat (
2912:Margay (
2894:Ocelot (
2867:Kodkod (
2788:Serval (
2751:C. badia
2740:Catopuma
2650:Jaguar (
2634:P. uncia
2623:Panthera
2590:Neofelis
2508:Feloidea
2439:Eutheria
2433:Mammalia
2427:Chordata
2425:Phylum:
2421:Animalia
2288:16815048
2253:19254754
2087:91050320
1885:86375627
1846:11697921
1704:33591975
1656:PLOS ONE
1577:Archived
1560:25672999
1499:Zalophus
1445:Zalophus
1388:Neophoca
1172:Behavior
578:Zalophus
502:Phocidae
432:Atlantic
354:Zalophus
309:Neophoca
234:Family:
192:Mammalia
182:Chordata
178:Phylum:
172:Animalia
158:Domain:
44:Holocene
9212:Eotaria
9130:Aivukus
8704:Phocini
8473:Lobodon
8084:Puijila
7941:Order:
7935:Class:
7743:M. furo
7688:Mustela
7637:Neogale
7484:Enhydra
7358:Ictonyx
7317:Vormela
7274:G. cuja
7201:Sable (
7108:G. gulo
7073:Pekania
7058:Tayra (
6855:Melinae
6667:Nasuina
6559:Procyon
5915:Phocini
5554:(seals)
5489:(seals)
5381:Ursinae
5323:(bears)
5318:Ursidae
5194:Dhole (
4984:(zorro)
4858:V. cana
4768:Vulpini
4736:Urocyon
4720:Canidae
4512:U. urva
4016:Fossa (
3936:Crocuta
3618:Genetta
3515:Viverra
3056:lineage
2978:lineage
2947:L. lynx
2803:Caracal
2777:lineage
2775:Caracal
2707:lineage
2705:Bay cat
2691:Felinae
2652:P. onca
2641:Tiger (
2561:Felidae
2431:Class:
2410:species
2406:Extant
2114:Bibcode
2057:Bibcode
2010:Bibcode
1944:1382840
1781:7877495
1695:7886153
1664:Bibcode
1607:Bibcode
1551:4360102
1471:(1970s)
1469:extinct
1221:Species
1145:2.1.4.1
1026:Miocene
454:phocids
444:otarion
420:Pacific
392:species
379:family
369:otariid
297:Eotaria
274:Genera
198:Order:
188:Class:
40:Miocene
9753:231386
9740:105679
9737:uBio:
9704:365340
9691:749638
9675:NZOR:
9642:180615
9629:104710
9590:1OTARF
9486:Q26700
9376:Otaria
7433:Lontra
7121:Martes
6396:Mydaus
6290:skunks
5254:Wolf (
5134:Canina
4964:Canini
4828:Vulpes
4724:(dogs)
4265:Mungos
3579:Poiana
2661:P. leo
2659:Lion (
2565:(cats)
2286:
2251:
2140:
2132:
2085:
2077:
2028:
1981:
1942:
1883:
1844:
1806:
1779:
1737:
1702:
1692:
1684:
1635:
1627:
1558:
1548:
1491:clades
1442:Genus
1423:Genus
1407:Otaria
1404:Genus
1385:Genus
1366:Genus
1336:Genus
1240:Genus
962:Walrus
960:
450:pinnae
430:, and
428:Indian
412:walrus
396:genera
389:extant
315:Otaria
268:, 1816
260:Otaria
245:, 1825
9748:WoRMS
9725:Plazi
9717:41335
9624:IRMNG
9616:41736
9427:Lists
8764:Phoca
8563:Kawas
7582:Aonyx
7525:Lutra
6915:Meles
6685:Nasua
5960:Phoca
5417:Ursus
5209:Canis
4836:foxes
3146:Felis
2138:S2CID
2083:S2CID
1940:JSTOR
1881:S2CID
1633:S2CID
1210:krill
1206:squid
1190:harem
1019:bears
439:Greek
373:otary
371:, or
266:Péron
222:Clade
209:Clade
9668:9702
9663:NCBI
9637:ITIS
9603:5309
9598:GBIF
9585:EPPO
9577:7667
9551:1421
9546:BOLD
9538:2227
8791:Pusa
7097:Gulo
5993:Pusa
4438:Urva
3028:Puma
2976:Puma
2927:Lynx
2284:PMID
2249:PMID
2233:Gene
2207:(CR)
2188:2021
2171:2017
2130:ISSN
2075:ISSN
2026:ISSN
1979:ISSN
1842:PMID
1804:ISBN
1777:PMID
1735:ISBN
1700:PMID
1682:ISSN
1625:ISSN
1556:PMID
1497:and
1208:and
1202:fish
1092:).
422:and
243:Gray
57:PreꞒ
9650:MSW
9572:EoL
9564:DRR
9559:CoL
9523:AFD
9510:ADW
2311:doi
2276:doi
2241:doi
2237:441
2175:doi
2122:doi
2065:doi
2018:doi
1971:doi
1967:146
1930:doi
1873:doi
1834:doi
1769:doi
1727:doi
1690:PMC
1672:doi
1615:doi
1546:PMC
1538:doi
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363:An
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