2308:
532:
2288:
307:"A Catalogue of Manuscript and Printed Reports, Field Books, Memoirs, Maps ..." Vol. iv, "Containing the treaties, etc., relating to the states within the Bombay presidency"
525:
946:
266:. Parganas disappeared almost completely after the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, although the term lives on in place names, like the districts of
2303:
2354:
2344:
2339:
555:
2349:
1677:
518:
1583:
54:. Those revenue units are used primarily, but not exclusively, by Muslim kingdoms. After Indian independence the parganas became equivalent to
2359:
1797:
835:
1802:
1230:
734:
2334:
1729:
896:
1615:
1563:
1472:
475:
360:
1752:
1692:
1652:
1558:
1536:
1320:
975:
970:
641:
138:
1817:
1578:
742:
287:
2259:
1812:
1061:
992:
242:. Parganas remained important as a geographical term, persisting in land surveys, village identification and court decrees.
168:, which in their turn consisted of several villages plus some uninhabited mountain and forest land. During the reign of the
2364:
2111:
1186:
352:
1929:
1736:
1548:
1526:
1086:
963:
802:
1672:
1417:
496:
55:
1787:
1298:
886:
153:. Individual parganas observed common customs regarding land rights and responsibilities, which were known as the
1987:
1959:
1777:
1541:
1293:
906:
2329:
1992:
1757:
1098:
775:
2039:
1600:
1460:
1438:
1203:
795:
542:
82:, which are the smallest revenue units, consisting of one or more villages and the surrounding countryside.
157:, and each pargana had its own customs regarding rent, fees, wages, and weights and measures, known as the
2116:
1952:
1947:
1477:
1315:
1215:
951:
871:
2212:
1448:
1132:
1116:
1076:
1066:
901:
765:
747:
593:
306:
2179:
1071:
631:
403:
209:
180:
represented the provinces of the sultanate and its main territorial division. Tarafs were ruled by a
510:
2187:
2024:
1682:
1610:
1305:
1263:
1151:
1081:
1056:
843:
790:
603:
598:
43:
2298:
2019:
2007:
1942:
1937:
1657:
1443:
1327:
1210:
1093:
1026:
918:
876:
716:
231:
205:
31:
2061:
2049:
1697:
1687:
1310:
1288:
1193:
1157:
1051:
938:
928:
913:
770:
703:
471:
366:
356:
271:
267:
169:
89:, administration of parganas was strengthened by the addition of other officers, including a
2106:
1904:
1467:
1373:
1126:
1010:
881:
861:
825:
698:
608:
133:
2293:
2154:
1782:
1485:
1388:
1332:
1269:
1240:
1225:
1005:
1000:
958:
923:
723:
688:
663:
374:
255:
73:
145:(roughly the equivalent of district subdivisions such as tehsil). In the Mughal system,
2086:
1625:
1593:
1455:
1393:
1383:
1378:
1198:
1164:
1032:
982:
933:
626:
431:
338:
86:
63:
2323:
1807:
1647:
1409:
1258:
1121:
891:
866:
709:
334:
263:
193:
124:
35:
342:
2207:
2199:
2194:
2159:
1667:
1662:
1573:
1043:
693:
669:
655:
588:
197:
2101:
2278:
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
465:
448:
318:
2014:
1827:
1772:
1635:
1630:
1620:
1355:
1350:
1248:
1220:
785:
780:
647:
399:
347:
275:
259:
39:
1714:
1253:
1108:
807:
137:(roughly equivalent of state or province), which were further subdivided into
323:. Orissa (India): Superintendent, Orissa Government Press. 1967. p. 347.
2133:
2091:
2066:
1924:
1879:
1767:
1709:
1531:
1280:
378:
370:
141:(roughly the equivalent of districts), which were themselves organised into
2169:
2164:
2229:
2123:
1974:
1919:
1889:
1719:
1642:
1553:
1365:
1143:
853:
214:
2149:
1979:
1969:
1909:
1822:
1792:
1724:
1605:
817:
618:
184:, the provincial governor, who held a significant amount of autonomy.
2254:
2244:
2239:
2174:
2128:
2044:
1914:
1899:
1894:
1884:
1568:
1175:
757:
235:
173:
92:
59:
1999:
2249:
2234:
2219:
2096:
2081:
2071:
2056:
2034:
2029:
1964:
1762:
1704:
1588:
239:
128:
78:
2076:
1342:
680:
222:
were made the absolute owners of rural lands, and abolished the
1856:
1508:
570:
553:
514:
1874:
212:
of 1793, which abolished the pargana system in favour of the
351:(Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust,
109:(an arbitrator who assessed and collected revenue) and a
450:
History of
Medieval Deccan (1295–1724) : Volume II
433:
History of
Medieval Deccan (1295–1724) : Volume I
196:
expanded into former Mughal provinces, starting with
16:
Former administrative unit of the Indian subcontinent
348:
Banglapedia: the
National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
2142:
1867:
1745:
1519:
1428:
1402:
1364:
1341:
1279:
1239:
1174:
1142:
1107:
1042:
1019:
991:
852:
834:
816:
756:
733:
679:
654:
640:
617:
581:
76:. As a revenue unit, a pargana consists of several
500:, Volume 12. 1908–1931; Clarendon Press, Oxford.
204:administration, but, under the Governorship of
149:served as the local administrative units of a
526:
8:
494:Hunter, William Wilson, Sir, et al. (1908).
453:. Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 509.
436:. Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 189.
2304:List of administrative divisions by country
1864:
1853:
1516:
1505:
578:
567:
563:
550:
533:
519:
511:
42:, is a former administrative unit of the
405:The Making Of British India - 1756-1858
299:
320:Orissa District Gazetteers: Mayurbhanj
230:. British administration consisted of
7:
505:A History of Modern India: 1480-1950
470:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 17.
50:may or may not be subdivided into
14:
2355:Former subdivisions of Bangladesh
2345:Subdivisions of the Mughal Empire
2340:Administrative divisions of India
2350:Types of administrative division
1321:Organized incorporated territory
503:Markovits, Claude (ed.) (2004).
2309:Slavic administrative divisions
288:List of parganas of Uttarakhand
1858:Non-English terms or loanwords
1062:Direct-controlled municipality
447:Sherwani, Haroon Khan (1973).
430:Sherwani, Haroon Khan (1973).
341:; Ahmed, Sabbir, eds. (2012).
1:
1187:Special administrative region
353:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
200:, they at first retained the
164:Pargana consisted of several
2360:Former subdivisions of India
1087:Mountain resort municipality
964:Intermediate school district
947:Educational service district
803:Regional county municipality
254:system persisted in several
1418:Autonomous territorial unit
497:Imperial Gazetteer of India
2381:
1299:National capital territory
1020:Indian reserve/reservation
887:Indian government district
541:Designations for types of
234:, which were divided into
131:organised the empire into
2335:Economic history of India
2289:Autonomous administration
2276:
1863:
1852:
1515:
1504:
1294:Federal capital territory
907:Non-metropolitan district
897:Local government district
577:
566:
562:
549:
467:The Kingdom of Ahmadnagar
411:. Read Books. p. 289
1099:Specialized municipality
776:Consolidated city-county
123:In the 16th century the
1461:Military exclusion zone
1439:Exclusive economic zone
1204:National capital region
796:Non-metropolitan county
543:administrative division
507:. Anthem Press, London.
72:were introduced by the
30:during the time of the
1478:Self-administered zone
1316:Incorporated territory
1183:Administrative region
952:Local service district
872:Congressional district
464:Shyam, Radhey (1966).
1449:Special economic zone
1133:Praetorian prefecture
1117:Autonomous prefecture
1077:Regional municipality
1067:District municipality
902:Metropolitan district
766:Administrative county
748:Residential community
594:Local government area
2365:Feudalism by country
2040:Njësi administrative
1072:Neutral municipality
1011:Subdivision of India
743:Autonomous community
632:Metropolitan borough
572:Common English terms
210:Permanent Settlement
1683:Autonomous republic
1611:Enclave and exclave
1510:Other English terms
1306:Dependent territory
1152:Autonomous province
1082:Resort municipality
1057:County municipality
844:Overseas department
791:Metropolitan county
604:Unincorporated area
97:(police chief), an
85:Under the reign of
44:Indian subcontinent
2299:Electoral district
1616:Federal dependency
1444:Free economic zone
1328:Overseas territory
1211:Development region
1094:Rural municipality
1027:Indian reservation
919:Municipal district
877:Electoral district
717:Free imperial city
206:Charles Cornwallis
2317:
2316:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2267:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1414:Territorial unit
1311:Federal territory
1289:Capital territory
1194:Autonomous region
1158:Overseas province
1052:City municipality
943:Service district
939:Sanitary district
929:Regional district
914:Military district
771:Autonomous county
704:Incorporated city
337:; Miah, Sajahan;
272:South 24 Parganas
268:North 24 Parganas
246:Post independence
218:system, in which
170:Bahmani Sultanate
115:(record keeper).
2372:
1905:Regierungsbezirk
1865:
1854:
1517:
1506:
1468:Free speech zone
1374:Charter township
1127:Super-prefecture
971:Special district
882:Federal district
862:Capital district
826:Overseas country
699:Independent city
670:Imperial capital
609:Unorganized area
579:
568:
564:
551:
535:
528:
521:
512:
482:
481:
461:
455:
454:
444:
438:
437:
427:
421:
420:
418:
416:
410:
396:
390:
389:
387:
385:
331:
325:
324:
315:
309:
304:
62:and pirs became
2380:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2330:Delhi Sultanate
2320:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2294:Census division
2264:
2138:
1859:
1832:
1783:Imperial Circle
1741:
1511:
1492:
1486:Free-trade zone
1424:
1398:
1389:Survey township
1360:
1337:
1333:Union territory
1275:
1270:Sovereign state
1235:
1226:Overseas region
1170:
1138:
1103:
1038:
1029:(United States)
1015:
1006:Police division
1001:Census division
987:
959:School district
924:Police district
848:
830:
812:
752:
729:
724:Royal free city
689:Autonomous city
675:
664:Federal capital
650:
636:
613:
573:
558:
545:
539:
491:
486:
485:
478:
463:
462:
458:
446:
445:
441:
429:
428:
424:
414:
412:
408:
398:
397:
393:
383:
381:
363:
339:Khanam, Mahfuza
333:
332:
328:
317:
316:
312:
305:
301:
296:
284:
256:princely states
248:
190:
121:
74:Delhi Sultanate
32:Delhi Sultanate
17:
12:
11:
5:
2378:
2376:
2368:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2120:
2119:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2002:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1534:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1456:Exclusion zone
1453:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1435:Economic zone
1432:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1394:Urban township
1391:
1386:
1384:Paper township
1381:
1379:Civil township
1376:
1370:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1285:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1245:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1199:Capital region
1196:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1180:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1165:Roman province
1161:
1154:
1148:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1048:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1033:Indian reserve
1030:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1003:
997:
995:
989:
988:
986:
985:
983:Urban district
980:
979:
978:
968:
967:
966:
956:
955:
954:
949:
941:
936:
934:Rural district
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
910:
909:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
858:
856:
850:
849:
847:
846:
840:
838:
832:
831:
829:
828:
822:
820:
814:
813:
811:
810:
805:
800:
799:
798:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
762:
760:
754:
753:
751:
750:
745:
739:
737:
731:
730:
728:
727:
720:
713:
706:
701:
696:
691:
685:
683:
677:
676:
674:
673:
666:
660:
658:
652:
651:
646:
644:
638:
637:
635:
634:
629:
627:County borough
623:
621:
615:
614:
612:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
585:
583:
575:
574:
571:
560:
559:
554:
547:
546:
540:
538:
537:
530:
523:
515:
509:
508:
501:
490:
487:
484:
483:
476:
456:
439:
422:
391:
361:
335:Islam, Sirajul
326:
310:
298:
297:
295:
292:
291:
290:
283:
280:
247:
244:
228:pargana nirikh
224:pargana dastur
208:, enacted the
189:
186:
159:pargana nirikh
155:pargana dastur
120:
117:
87:Sher Shah Suri
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2377:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2275:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1984:Kommun/Kunta
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1855:
1851:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1808:Roman diocese
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1691:
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1648:Neighbourhood
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477:9788120826519
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362:984-32-0576-6
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67:
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64:Grampanchayat
61:
57:
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45:
41:
37:
36:Mughal Empire
33:
29:
26:, also spelt
25:
21:
2279:
2224:
2200:Maalaiskunta
2160:Heerlijkheid
2000:Län (Sweden)
1668:Protectorate
1663:Principality
1584:Constituency
1473:Neutral zone
1268:
1163:
1156:
1131:
1044:Municipality
722:
715:
708:
694:Charter city
668:
599:Special area
589:Insular area
504:
495:
466:
459:
449:
442:
432:
425:
413:. Retrieved
404:
394:
384:17 September
382:. Retrieved
346:
329:
319:
313:
302:
258:, including
251:
249:
227:
223:
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99:
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84:
77:
69:
68:
51:
47:
27:
23:
19:
18:
2195:Landskommun
2087:Savivaldybė
1953:Switzerland
1948:South Tyrol
1828:Viceroyalty
1621:Governorate
1579:Condominium
1482:Trade zone
1356:Market town
1351:Census town
1249:Proto-state
1221:Microregion
786:County town
781:County seat
648:Half-canton
409:(Paperback)
400:Ramsay Muir
276:West Bengal
274:in India's
188:British Raj
40:British Raj
2324:Categories
2143:Historical
2107:Shahrestān
2050:Autonomous
1798:Presidency
1746:Historical
1715:Suzerainty
1698:Autonomous
1542:Autonomous
1264:Free state
1254:City-state
1216:Mesoregion
1109:Prefecture
836:Department
489:References
119:Mughal era
38:times and
2184:Landskap
2180:Län/Lääni
2134:Vingtaine
2102:Seniūnija
2092:Selsoviet
2067:Poblacion
2004:Landskap
1934:Gemeinde
1925:Freguesia
1880:Apskritis
1803:Residency
1768:Exarchate
1710:Sultanate
1601:Eldership
1532:Bailiwick
1281:Territory
1231:Subregion
976:in the US
808:Viscounty
735:Community
379:30677644M
343:"Pargana"
232:districts
220:zamindars
215:zamindari
28:pergunnah
2285:See also
2020:Maakunta
2015:Località
1960:Gemeente
1920:Frazione
1890:Barangay
1720:Townland
1658:Precinct
1643:Muftiate
1594:District
1554:Cadastre
1366:Township
1144:Province
1035:(Canada)
993:Division
854:District
402:(2006).
371:52727562
282:See also
182:tarafdar
147:parganas
143:parganas
127:emperor
70:Parganas
48:parganas
24:parganah
2280:italics
2240:Satrapy
2225:Pargana
2150:Commote
2008:Finland
1988:Finland
1980:Kampong
1970:Hromada
1943:Germany
1938:Austria
1910:Comarca
1868:Current
1823:Tithing
1793:Monthon
1778:Hundred
1725:Village
1678:Regency
1673:Quarter
1606:Emirate
1574:Commune
1564:Circuit
1520:Current
818:Country
656:Capital
619:Borough
415:27 July
278:state.
264:Gwalior
252:pargana
236:tehsils
202:pargana
194:British
192:As the
172:in the
139:sarkars
93:shiqdar
46:. Each
20:Pargana
2255:Syssel
2245:Socken
2213:Greece
2188:Sweden
2175:Korale
2170:Köping
2165:Komunë
2129:Tehsil
2045:Oblast
1993:Sweden
1915:Comune
1900:Bezirk
1895:Bashki
1885:Bakhsh
1758:Barony
1753:Agency
1730:Summer
1693:Sector
1688:Riding
1653:Parish
1626:Hamlet
1569:Colony
1559:Circle
1537:Banner
1176:Region
758:County
642:Canton
474:
377:
369:
359:
240:taluks
198:Bengal
178:tarafs
174:Deccan
166:tarafs
151:sarkar
134:subahs
125:Mughal
112:karkun
106:munsif
79:mouzas
60:Tahsil
2250:Subah
2235:Rreth
2230:Plasă
2220:Pagus
2208:Egypt
2204:Nome
2124:Sýsla
2117:China
2097:Sitio
2082:Raion
2072:Purok
2062:Ostān
2057:Okrug
2035:Mukim
2030:Muban
2025:Megye
1975:Județ
1965:Gmina
1818:Tenth
1788:March
1763:Burgh
1705:Shire
1636:Royal
1631:Manor
1589:Duchy
1549:Block
1241:State
294:Notes
129:Akbar
56:Block
2260:Zhou
2077:Qark
1813:Seat
1773:Hide
1737:Ward
1429:Zone
1403:Unit
1343:Town
681:City
582:Area
472:ISBN
417:2024
386:2024
367:OCLC
357:ISBN
270:and
262:and
260:Tonk
250:The
226:and
100:amin
52:pirs
2155:Gau
2112:Sum
1875:Amt
238:or
103:or
22:or
2326::
2282:.
1930:Fu
375:OL
373:.
365:.
355:.
345:.
176:,
161:.
66:.
58:/
34:,
534:e
527:t
520:v
480:.
419:.
388:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.