113:
314:
806:
827:
785:
721:
700:
848:
142:
742:
764:
1379:
2004: An annotated catalogue of
Fulgoromorpha, :37–137. In: Fossil Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) of the world. An annotated catalogue with notes on Hemiptera classification. Swzedo, J., Th. Bourgoin & F. Lefèbvre. J. Swzedo edt., Warsaw 2004, 199 pp + 8
869:
261:, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of
301:
Planthoppers are laterally flattened and hold their broad wings vertically, in a tent-like fashion, concealing the sides of the body and part of the legs. Nymphs of many fulgoroids produce wax from special glands on the abdominal
902:
873:
877:
875:
872:
871:
1121:
876:
336:
mechanism at the base of the hind legs, which keeps the legs in synchrony when the insects jump. The gears, not present in the adults, were known for decades before the recent description of their function.
906:
910:
908:
905:
903:
909:
874:
1355:
1226:"The earliest find of Tropiduchidae (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha), representing a new tribe, from the Eocene of Green River, USA, with notes on the fossil record of higher Fulgoroidea"
265:. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. The infraorder contains two
907:
1300:"Keys To The Families Of Fulgoromorpha with emphasis on planthoppers of potential economic importance in the southeastern United States (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha)"
3509:
3355:
1225:
1401:
3570:
3316:
1064:
Dietrich, C. H. (2009). "Auchenorrhyncha: (Cicadas, Spittlebugs, Leafhoppers, Treehoppers, and
Planthoppers)". In Resh, V. H.; Carde, R. T. (eds.).
3496:
3342:
870:
1081:
945:
Evans, J. W. (1946). "A natural classification of leaf-hoppers (Jassoidea, Homoptera). Part 1. External morphology and systematic position".
784:
826:
904:
1438:
720:
805:
741:
218:
847:
699:
3501:
3347:
376:
Both planthopper adults and nymphs feed by sucking sap from plants; in so doing, the nymphs produce copious quantities of
141:
763:
3434:
3254:
1338:
1299:
1103:
Zoologische Jahrbücher: Abteilung für
Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere Abteilung für Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere
1390:
112:
3308:
3514:
3360:
1240:
310:
and help conceal the insects. Adult females of many families also produce wax which may be used to protect eggs.
3565:
1407:
1319:
313:
1431:
290:
854:
727:
3560:
3194:
654:
791:
643:
Early
Cretaceous- early Late Cretaceous, Argentina, Lebanon, Mongolia, Myanmar, Russia, Spain, New Jersey
3378:
1397:
366:
341:
266:
3524:
3470:
3370:
3241:
1337:
1996-2015. FLOW (Fulgoromorpha Lists on The Web): a world knowledge base dedicated to
Fulgoromorpha.
1154:
1133:
985:
749:
599:
377:
361:
2336:
3057:
2798:
2558:
2383:
1413:
on the
University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Featured Creatures website
3067:
2756:
2730:
274:
3425:
2357:
2234:
2225:
1424:
1167:
833:
323:
136:
24:
20:
3383:
3532:
3290:
2017:
1977:
1739:
1206:
1159:
1077:
1013:
884:
770:
706:
647:
477:
289:, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous
286:
3232:
3537:
3100:
3042:
3037:
2871:
2782:
2545:
2323:
2315:
2242:
2025:
1887:
1314:
1274:
1198:
1149:
1141:
1069:
1003:
993:
954:
630:
603:
391:
386:
3095:
3062:
3001:
2905:
2900:
2837:
2812:
2553:
2406:
2247:
2211:
2201:
2183:
2119:
1774:
1507:
919:
595:
513:
411:
278:
258:
203:
355:
A number of extinct members of
Fulgoroidea are known from the fossil record, such as the
1137:
989:
3303:
3121:
2879:
2761:
2524:
2495:
2297:
2206:
2191:
2062:
2049:
1956:
1927:
1807:
1711:
1595:
1554:
1259:"Detection and variability of the lethal yellowing group (16Sr IV) phytoplasmas in the
1073:
1008:
973:
958:
812:
754:
626:
451:
3554:
3439:
3169:
3157:
3129:
2988:
2928:
2910:
2866:
2850:
2735:
2720:
2618:
2367:
2352:
2344:
2078:
2001:
1993:
1903:
1779:
1716:
1681:
1642:
1629:
1564:
1544:
1279:
1258:
888:
796:
637:
610:
559:
552:
518:
456:
426:
121:
70:
3246:
1171:
3259:
3090:
2941:
2766:
2725:
2687:
2670:
2656:
2644:
2597:
2589:
2435:
2422:
2388:
2196:
2163:
2109:
1985:
1948:
1911:
1866:
1691:
1616:
1608:
1519:
1491:
1339:
https://web.archive.org/web/20140111091457/http://www.hemiptera-databases.org/flow/
1202:
859:
569:
441:
436:
3410:
998:
974:"A Molecular Phylogeny of Hemiptera Inferred from Mitochondrial Genome Sequences"
3483:
3419:
3329:
3295:
3226:
3165:
3108:
3019:
2954:
2936:
2918:
2887:
2715:
2516:
2264:
2156:
2114:
2104:
2099:
2009:
1940:
1932:
1895:
1764:
1759:
1701:
681:
671:
661:
620:
579:
545:
534:
503:
498:
381:
345:
270:
262:
45:
3217:
3052:
3011:
2993:
2774:
2679:
2576:
2568:
2532:
2449:
2091:
1964:
1882:
1769:
1754:
1749:
1726:
1634:
1621:
1559:
1549:
1528:
923:
838:
775:
732:
508:
493:
488:
467:
318:
307:
251:
90:
55:
3072:
3032:
3024:
2964:
2949:
2923:
2821:
2695:
2474:
2466:
2430:
2281:
2132:
2124:
2070:
1969:
1856:
1686:
1479:
1467:
1448:
1416:
1145:
1122:"Interacting Gears Synchronize Propulsive Leg Movements in a Jumping Insect"
589:
431:
395:
282:
193:
173:
153:
95:
1210:
1163:
1017:
3269:
1324:
3462:
3457:
3449:
3404:
3277:
3211:
3137:
3080:
2980:
2972:
2892:
2829:
2790:
2703:
2610:
2487:
2414:
2302:
2289:
2041:
2033:
1919:
1827:
1819:
1734:
1721:
1706:
1696:
1485:
892:
817:
711:
529:
472:
462:
446:
356:
126:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
3282:
3085:
3047:
2748:
2740:
2623:
2503:
1744:
482:
399:
100:
75:
3488:
3334:
1590:
1574:
1473:
1461:
370:
349:
303:
247:
183:
163:
3321:
3188:
1186:
3161:
1840:
312:
3475:
1035:
333:
3192:
2153:
1804:
1504:
1420:
352:
of plants and can be transmitted by planthoppers when feeding.
1097:
Sander, K. (1957). "Bau und
Funktion des Sprungapparates von
525:
And the
Delphacidea contains the following extant families:
277:. Fulgoroids are most reliably distinguished from the other
1185:
Lee, I.-M.; Davis, R. E.; Gundersen-Rindal, D. E. (2000).
1320:
10.1653/0015-4040(2005)88[464:KTTFOF]2.0.CO;2
947:
1988:(cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, ground pearls)
1263:
sp. (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae) in Jamaica"
3168:. Heteroptera with Coleorrhyncha were referred to as
1257:
Brown, S. E.; Been, B. O.; McLaughlin, W. A. (2006).
384:
often grows. One species considered to be a pest is
285:
in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented
3394:
3201:
3120:
3010:
2963:
2849:
2820:
2811:
2678:
2669:
2643:
2609:
2588:
2567:
2544:
2515:
2486:
2465:
2448:
2405:
2366:
2335:
2314:
2280:
2263:
2233:
2224:
2182:
2090:
2061:
1865:
1839:
1818:
1672:
1655:
1607:
1573:
1527:
1518:
398:disease that nearly killed off the Jamaican Tall
1356:Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera): catalogue.
1068:(2nd ed.). Academic Press. pp. 56–64.
616:Early Cretaceous- early Late Cretaceous, Eurasia
2777:(assassin bugs, wheel bugs, thread-legged bugs)
1432:
8:
332:Fulgoroid nymphs also possess a biological
328:) with abdominal filaments of ketoester wax
3189:
2817:
2675:
2640:
2462:
2402:
2277:
2230:
2179:
2175:
2150:
1815:
1801:
1669:
1524:
1515:
1501:
1439:
1425:
1417:
972:Song, N.; Liang, A.-P.; Bu, C.-P. (2012).
281:by two features; the bifurcate (Y-shaped)
111:
31:
1318:
1278:
1187:"Phytoplasma: Phytopathogenic Mollicutes"
1155:1983/69cf1502-217a-4dca-a0d3-f8b247794e92
1153:
1007:
997:
677:monotypic, Shaanxi, China, Late Triassic
421:The extant families of Fulgoroidea are:
418:as a replacement for the Fulgoromorpha.
937:
695:
306:and other parts of the body. These are
1059:
1057:
1029:
1027:
7:
3525:9e60cbd6-1c50-4123-a6e9-1479ddd5288e
3371:7f1c48c3-c173-4b31-a1fb-252b868ace0b
2931:(jewel bugs or metallic shield bugs)
926:stem. Includes a slow motion segment
883:Green coneheaded planthoppers,
585:monotypic, Burmese amber, Cenomanian
2743:(plant bugs, leaf bugs, grass bugs)
2690:(minute pirate bugs or flower bugs)
2347:(marsh treaders or water measurers)
233:
1101:Walker (Homoptera – Fulgoridae)".
1074:10.1016/B978-0-12-374144-8.00015-1
959:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1946.tb00442.x
19:For the Pandanus planthopper, see
14:
3571:Insect vectors of plant pathogens
2882:(giant shield bugs and relatives)
1637:(typical treehoppers, thorn bugs)
1042:. Ohio State University Extension
485:(sometimes includes Caliscelidae)
25:Pandanus tectorius § Ecology
1280:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2006.00072.x
1120:Burrows, M.; Sutton, G. (2013).
900:
867:
846:
825:
804:
783:
762:
740:
719:
698:
667:monotypic, Yunnan, China, Eocene
140:
3075:(milkweed bugs, true seed bugs)
2983:(squash bugs, leaf-footed bugs)
2250:(unique-headed bugs, gnat bugs)
549:Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2018,
344:for plant diseases, especially
2506:(water scorpions, needle bugs)
1203:10.1146/annurev.micro.54.1.221
1:
1233:Russian Entomological Journal
1191:Annual Review of Microbiology
565:Early-Upper Jurassic, Eurasia
1239:(3): 315–322. Archived from
999:10.1371/journal.pone.0048778
414:, some authors use the name
3132:(red bugs, cotton stainers)
1394:, citrus flatid planthopper
1298:Wilson, Stephen W. (2005).
1034:Boggs, Joe (14 June 2016).
3587:
1404:Featured Creatures website
540:Extinct families include:
18:
3153:
2639:
2401:
2178:
2174:
2149:
1959:(pupillarial palm scales)
1814:
1800:
1514:
1500:
1456:
1267:Annals of Applied Biology
687:Burmese amber, Cenomanian
575:Burmese amber, Cenomanian
231:
226:
137:Scientific classification
135:
119:
110:
34:
1224:Shcherbakov, D. (2006).
891:, on the underside of a
390:, which is a vector for
2073:(woolly conifer aphids)
1146:10.1126/science.1240284
1066:Encyclopedia of Insects
887:in the infraorder
340:Planthoppers are often
2996:(scentless plant bugs)
1996:(Mediterranean scales)
1411:, a flatid planthopper
329:
16:Superfamily of insects
3379:Paleobiology Database
3140:(bordered plant bugs)
2913:(includes ebony bugs)
2579:(creeping water bugs)
1398:University of Florida
855:Bruchomorpha decorata
728:Flatolystra verrucosa
367:Green River Formation
316:
3111:(ash-grey leaf bugs)
3103:(atypical seed bugs)
2769:(old world bat bugs)
2698:(bed bugs, bat bugs)
2626:(pygmy backswimmers)
2535:(velvety shore bugs)
2127:(jumping plant lice)
1409:Ormenaria rufifascia
1359:Fauna of New Zealand
1307:Florida Entomologist
750:Dictyophara europaea
655:Guanyintan Formation
633:, France, Cenomanian
600:Lushangfen Formation
41:Carboniferous–Recent
2975:(broad-headed bugs)
2326:(velvet water bugs)
1914:(ornate pit scales)
1138:2013Sci...341.1254B
1132:(6151): 1254–1256.
990:2012PLoSO...748778S
792:Paropioxys jucundus
410:As mentioned under
2498:(giant water bugs)
2425:(spiny shore bugs)
2358:Paraphrynoveliidae
2271:(semiaquatic bugs)
2226:Enicocephalomorpha
2020:(phenacoleachiids)
2018:Phenacoleachiidae
1980:(false pit scales)
1978:Lecanodiaspididae
1099:Pyrilla perpusilla
834:Euricania facialis
651:Szwedo et al. 2011
459:(= Eurybrachyidae)
348:which live in the
330:
257:, in the suborder
131:adults and nymphs
21:Jamella australiae
3548:
3547:
3533:Open Tree of Life
3195:Taxon identifiers
3186:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3149:
3148:
3141:
3133:
3112:
3104:
3101:Rhyparochromidae
3076:
3028:
2997:
2984:
2976:
2945:
2932:
2914:
2896:
2883:
2875:
2872:Acanthosomatidae
2859:
2841:
2833:
2807:
2806:
2794:
2786:
2785:(royal palm bugs)
2783:Thaumastocoridae
2778:
2770:
2752:
2744:
2711:
2699:
2691:
2665:
2664:
2635:
2634:
2627:
2601:
2580:
2536:
2528:
2507:
2499:
2478:
2458:
2456:(true water bugs)
2444:
2443:
2426:
2418:
2397:
2396:
2376:
2348:
2327:
2306:
2293:
2273:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2220:
2219:
2169:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2128:
2082:
2074:
2053:
2045:
2044:(giant mealybugs)
2037:
2029:
2026:Phoenicococcidae
2021:
2013:
2005:
1997:
1989:
1981:
1973:
1960:
1952:
1944:
1936:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1899:
1891:
1888:Asterolecaniidae
1875:
1849:
1831:
1796:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1740:Hypochthonellidae
1730:
1665:
1651:
1650:
1638:
1625:
1599:
1583:
1537:
1392:Metcalfa pruinosa
1083:978-0-12-374144-8
911:
885:Acanalonia conica
878:
771:Pyrops candelaria
707:Metcalfa pruinosa
686:
676:
675:Zhang et al. 2021
666:
657:, China, Toarcian
652:
648:Qiyangiricaniidae
642:
625:
615:
594:
584:
574:
573:Zhang et al. 2019
564:
550:
478:Hypochthonellidae
240:
239:
222:
3578:
3541:
3540:
3528:
3527:
3518:
3517:
3505:
3504:
3492:
3491:
3479:
3478:
3466:
3465:
3453:
3452:
3443:
3442:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3387:
3386:
3374:
3373:
3364:
3363:
3351:
3350:
3338:
3337:
3325:
3324:
3312:
3311:
3299:
3298:
3286:
3285:
3273:
3272:
3263:
3262:
3250:
3249:
3237:
3236:
3235:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3190:
3160:are a different
3155:
3139:
3131:
3110:
3102:
3074:
3043:Cryptorhamphidae
3038:Colobathristidae
3026:
2995:
2982:
2974:
2943:
2930:
2912:
2895:(burrowing bugs)
2894:
2881:
2873:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2839:
2838:Termitaphididae
2831:
2818:
2792:
2784:
2776:
2768:
2750:
2742:
2708:Curalium cronini
2705:
2697:
2689:
2676:
2649:
2641:
2625:
2599:
2578:
2546:Aphelocheiroidea
2534:
2526:
2505:
2497:
2476:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2424:
2416:
2403:
2377:
2375:
2374:(water treaders)
2372:
2346:
2325:
2304:
2292:(water striders)
2291:
2278:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2249:
2248:Enicocephalidae
2243:Aenictopecheidae
2235:Enicocephaloidea
2231:
2180:
2176:
2168:
2162:
2159:
2151:
2126:
2080:
2072:
2051:
2043:
2035:
2027:
2019:
2011:
2003:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1958:
1950:
1943:(armored scales)
1942:
1934:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1829:
1816:
1802:
1728:
1670:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1636:
1623:
1597:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1525:
1516:
1502:
1441:
1434:
1427:
1418:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1344:Larivière, M.-C.
1336:
1331:
1329:
1323:. Archived from
1322:
1304:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1230:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1157:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1061:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1031:
1022:
1021:
1011:
1001:
969:
963:
962:
942:
913:
912:
880:
879:
850:
829:
808:
787:
766:
744:
723:
702:
685:Song et al. 2019
684:
674:
664:
650:
641:Shcherbakov 2007
640:
631:Charentese amber
623:
614:Shcherbakov 2007
613:
604:Yixian Formation
592:
583:Luo et al. 2020,
582:
572:
562:
548:
392:lethal yellowing
387:Haplaxius crudus
217:
145:
144:
115:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3575:
3566:Auchenorrhyncha
3551:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3536:
3531:
3523:
3521:
3513:
3508:
3500:
3495:
3487:
3482:
3474:
3469:
3461:
3456:
3448:
3446:
3438:
3433:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3390:
3382:
3377:
3369:
3367:
3359:
3354:
3346:
3341:
3333:
3328:
3320:
3315:
3307:
3302:
3294:
3289:
3281:
3276:
3268:
3266:
3258:
3253:
3245:
3240:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3197:
3187:
3174:
3145:
3116:
3096:Pachygronthidae
3063:Heterogastridae
3006:
3002:Stenocephalidae
2959:
2906:Parastrachiidae
2901:Thaumastellidae
2880:Tessaratomidae
2856:
2854:
2853:
2845:
2813:Pentatomomorpha
2803:
2661:
2648:(Coleorrhyncha)
2647:
2646:
2645:Peloridiomorpha
2631:
2605:
2584:
2563:
2554:Aphelocheiridae
2540:
2525:Gelastocoridae
2511:
2496:Belostomatidae
2482:
2477:(water boatmen)
2455:
2453:
2452:
2440:
2407:Leptopodomorpha
2393:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2362:
2331:
2310:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2255:
2216:
2212:Stemmocryptidae
2202:Hypsipterygidae
2184:Dipsocoromorpha
2170:
2166:
2160:
2137:
2120:Phacopteronidae
2086:
2057:
2052:(stictococcids)
2050:Stictococcidae
2034:Pseudococcidae
2012:(ensign scales)
1957:Halimococcidae
1873:(scale insects)
1872:
1870:
1869:
1861:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1835:
1810:
1784:
1775:Tettigometridae
1662:
1660:
1659:
1647:
1603:
1598:(hairy cicadas)
1596:Tettigarctidae
1580:
1578:
1577:
1569:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1510:
1508:Auchenorrhyncha
1496:
1452:
1445:
1387:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1334:
1327:
1302:
1297:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1084:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1045:
1043:
1033:
1032:
1025:
971:
970:
966:
944:
943:
939:
934:
927:
914:
901:
896:
881:
868:
863:
851:
842:
830:
821:
809:
800:
788:
779:
767:
758:
745:
736:
724:
715:
703:
694:
665:Lin et al. 2010
606:, China, Aptian
596:Crato Formation
563:Handlirsch 1939
523:
514:Tettigometridae
416:Archaeorrhyncha
412:Auchenorrhyncha
408:
373:) in Colorado.
299:
279:Auchenorrhyncha
259:Auchenorrhyncha
216:
204:Auchenorrhyncha
139:
130:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3584:
3582:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3553:
3552:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3529:
3519:
3506:
3493:
3480:
3467:
3454:
3444:
3431:
3416:
3400:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3375:
3365:
3352:
3339:
3326:
3313:
3304:Fauna Europaea
3300:
3287:
3274:
3264:
3251:
3238:
3223:
3207:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3135:
3130:Pyrrhocoridae
3126:
3124:
3122:Pyrrhocoroidea
3118:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3106:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2991:
2986:
2978:
2969:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2939:
2934:
2929:Scutelleridae
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:Thyreocoridae
2908:
2903:
2898:
2890:
2885:
2877:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2840:(termite bugs)
2835:
2826:
2824:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2788:
2780:
2772:
2764:
2762:Plokiophilidae
2759:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2701:
2693:
2684:
2682:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2621:
2615:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2600:(backswimmers)
2594:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2573:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2550:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2530:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2501:
2492:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2471:
2469:
2460:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2420:
2411:
2409:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2380:
2378:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:Hydrometridae
2341:
2339:
2337:Hydrometroidea
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2300:
2298:Hermatobatidae
2295:
2286:
2284:
2275:
2261:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2245:
2239:
2237:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2207:Schizopteridae
2204:
2199:
2194:
2192:Ceratocombidae
2188:
2186:
2172:
2171:
2154:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2081:(phylloxerans)
2079:Phylloxeridae
2076:
2067:
2065:
2063:Phylloxeroidea
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2031:
2023:
2015:
2007:
2004:(giant scales)
2002:Monophlebidae
1999:
1994:Micrococcidae
1991:
1983:
1975:
1967:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1938:
1933:Dactylopiidae
1930:
1928:Conchaspididae
1925:
1917:
1909:
1906:(carayonemids)
1904:Carayonemidae
1901:
1893:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1853:
1851:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1824:
1822:
1812:
1811:
1808:Sternorrhyncha
1805:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1729:(lanternflies)
1724:
1719:
1714:
1712:Dictyopharidae
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1667:
1663:(planthoppers)
1653:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1632:
1627:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1555:Clastopteridae
1552:
1547:
1541:
1539:
1522:
1512:
1511:
1505:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1405:
1386:
1385:External links
1383:
1382:
1381:
1366:
1352:Larochelle, A.
1348:Fletcher, M.J.
1341:
1332:
1330:on 2010-12-06.
1293:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1249:
1246:on 2012-04-02.
1216:
1197:(1): 221–255.
1177:
1112:
1089:
1082:
1053:
1036:"Planthoppers"
1023:
984:(11): e48778.
964:
936:
935:
933:
930:
929:
928:
915:
899:
897:
882:
866:
864:
852:
845:
843:
831:
824:
822:
813:Siphanta acuta
810:
803:
801:
789:
782:
780:
768:
761:
759:
755:Dictyopharidae
746:
739:
737:
725:
718:
716:
704:
697:
693:
690:
689:
688:
678:
668:
658:
644:
634:
627:Lebanese amber
617:
607:
586:
576:
566:
556:
538:
537:
532:
522:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
454:
452:Dictyopharidae
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
423:
407:
406:Classification
404:
298:
295:
238:
237:
229:
228:
224:
223:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
133:
132:
117:
116:
108:
107:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
43:
37:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3583:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3561:Fulgoromorpha
3559:
3558:
3556:
3539:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3441:
3440:Fulgoromorpha
3436:
3432:
3427:
3426:Fulgoromorpha
3421:
3417:
3412:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3396:Fulgoromorpha
3393:
3385:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3366:
3362:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3265:
3261:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3234:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3191:
3171:
3170:Prosorrhyncha
3167:
3163:
3159:
3158:Coleorrhyncha
3152:
3142:
3136:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3105:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3058:Henicocoridae
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2992:
2990:
2989:Hyocephalidae
2987:
2985:
2979:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2942:Pentatomidae
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2874:(shield bugs)
2870:
2868:
2867:Urostylididae
2865:
2864:
2862:
2857:(shield bugs)
2852:
2851:Pentatomoidea
2848:
2842:
2836:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2800:
2799:Velocipedidae
2797:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2767:Polyctenidae
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2751:(damsel bugs)
2747:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2736:Microphysidae
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2721:Lasiochilidae
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2702:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2688:Anthocoridae
2686:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2642:
2638:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2619:Helotrephidae
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2598:Notonectidae
2596:
2595:
2593:
2591:
2590:Notonectoidea
2587:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2559:Potamocoridae
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2423:Leptopodidae
2421:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:Madeoveliidae
2382:
2381:
2379:
2369:
2368:Mesovelioidea
2365:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2353:Macroveliidae
2351:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2305:(riffle bugs)
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2266:
2262:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2165:
2164:Coleorrhyncha
2158:
2152:
2148:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2046:
2040:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2028:(palm scales)
2024:
2022:
2016:
2014:
2008:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1992:
1990:
1986:Margarodidae
1984:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1951:(felt scales)
1949:Eriococcidae
1947:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1922:(soft scales)
1918:
1916:
1912:Cerococcidae
1910:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1894:
1892:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1799:
1781:
1780:Tropiduchidae
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1717:Eurybrachidae
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1682:Acanaloniidae
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1658:
1657:Fulgoromorpha
1654:
1644:
1643:Myerslopiidae
1641:
1639:
1633:
1631:
1630:Melizoderidae
1628:
1626:
1624:(leafhoppers)
1622:Cicadellidae
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1565:Machaerotidae
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1545:Aphrophoridae
1543:
1542:
1540:
1535:(froghoppers)
1530:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1450:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1342:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1262:
1253:
1250:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1181:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1116:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
968:
965:
960:
956:
952:
948:
941:
938:
931:
925:
921:
918:
898:
894:
890:
889:Fulgoromorpha
886:
865:
861:
857:
856:
849:
844:
840:
836:
835:
828:
823:
819:
815:
814:
807:
802:
798:
797:Eurybrachidae
794:
793:
786:
781:
777:
773:
772:
765:
760:
756:
752:
751:
743:
738:
734:
730:
729:
722:
717:
713:
709:
708:
701:
696:
691:
683:
679:
673:
669:
663:
659:
656:
649:
645:
639:
638:Perforissidae
635:
632:
629:, Barremian,
628:
622:
618:
612:
611:Mimarachnidae
608:
605:
601:
597:
593:Hamilton 1990
591:
587:
581:
577:
571:
567:
561:
560:Fulgoridiidae
557:
554:
553:Burmese amber
547:
543:
542:
541:
536:
533:
531:
528:
527:
526:
520:
519:Tropiduchidae
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
458:
457:Eurybrachidae
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
427:Acanaloniidae
425:
424:
422:
419:
417:
413:
405:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:
383:
379:
374:
372:
368:
364:
363:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
338:
335:
327:
325:
320:
317:Planthopper (
315:
311:
309:
305:
296:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
267:superfamilies
264:
260:
256:
255:Fulgoromorpha
253:
249:
245:
236:
235:
230:
225:
220:
215:
214:Fulgoromorpha
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
143:
138:
134:
128:
124:
123:
122:Flatida rosea
118:
114:
109:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
33:
30:
26:
22:
3395:
3202:
3109:Piesmatidae
3091:Oxycarenidae
3068:Idiostolidae
3027:(stilt bugs)
2944:(stink bugs)
2757:Pachynomidae
2731:Medocostidae
2726:Lyctocoridae
2707:
2671:Cimicomorpha
2657:Peloridiidae
2436:Aepophilidae
2417:(shore bugs)
2389:Mesoveliidae
2197:Dipsocoridae
2110:Carsidaridae
2010:Ortheziidae
1972:(lac scales)
1941:Diaspididae
1935:(cochineals)
1898:(beesoniids)
1896:Beesoniidae
1890:(pit scales)
1830:(whiteflies)
1828:Aleyrodidae
1820:Aleyrodoidea
1692:Achilixiidae
1673:
1656:
1635:Membracidae
1617:Aetalionidae
1609:Membracoidea
1520:Cicadomorpha
1492:Paraneoptera
1490:Superorder:
1484:Infraclass:
1408:
1391:
1377:Lefèbvre, F.
1362:
1358:
1325:the original
1310:
1306:
1273:(1): 53–62.
1270:
1266:
1260:
1252:
1241:the original
1236:
1232:
1219:
1194:
1190:
1180:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1092:
1065:
1044:. Retrieved
1039:
981:
977:
967:
953:(3): 47–60.
950:
946:
940:
916:
860:Caliscelidae
853:
832:
811:
790:
769:
748:
726:
705:
570:Jubisentidae
555:, Cenomanian
539:
524:
442:Caliscelidae
437:Achilixiidae
420:
415:
409:
385:
375:
360:
354:
346:phytoplasmas
339:
331:
322:
300:
275:Delphacoidea
263:grasshoppers
254:
243:
241:
232:
213:
210:Infraorder:
120:
29:
3484:iNaturalist
3420:Wikispecies
3330:iNaturalist
3260:FULGOROIDEA
3247:Fulgoroidea
3233:Fulgoroidea
3227:Wikispecies
3203:Fulgoroidea
3166:Heteroptera
3020:Artheneidae
2994:Rhopalidae
2955:Megarididae
2937:Plataspidae
2919:Lestoniidae
2888:Dinidoridae
2832:(flat bugs)
2793:(lace bugs)
2775:Reduviidae
2716:Joppeicidae
2704:Curaliidae
2577:Naucoridae
2569:Naucoroidea
2533:Ochteridae
2527:(toad bugs)
2517:Ochteroidea
2265:Gerromorpha
2157:Heteroptera
2115:Homotomidae
2105:Calophyidae
2100:Aphalaridae
2036:(mealybugs)
1765:Nogodinidae
1760:Meenoplidae
1727:Fulgoridae
1702:Delphacidae
1674:Fulgoroidea
1529:Cercopoidea
1373:Bourgoin T.
1335:Bourgoin T.
917:Planthopper
682:Yetkhatidae
672:Szeiiniidae
662:Weiwoboidae
653:monotypic,
624:Szwedo 2007
621:Neazoniidae
551:monotypic,
546:Dorytocidae
535:Delphacidae
504:Nogodinidae
499:Meenoplidae
382:sooty mould
380:, on which
326:reticularis
324:Pterodictya
308:hydrophobic
271:Fulgoroidea
244:planthopper
35:Planthopper
3555:Categories
3073:Lygaeidae
3053:Geocoridae
3025:Berytidae
3012:Lygaeoidea
2696:Cimicidae
2680:Cimicoidea
2475:Corixidae
2467:Corixoidea
2450:Nepomorpha
2125:Psyllidae
2092:Psylloidea
2071:Adelgidae
1970:Kerriidae
1965:Kermesidae
1883:Aclerdidae
1841:Aphidoidea
1770:Ricaniidae
1755:Lophopidae
1750:Kinnaridae
1575:Cicadoidea
1560:Epipygidae
1550:Cercopidae
1478:Subclass:
1468:Arthropoda
1292:References
1109:: 383–388.
1046:29 January
924:coneflower
839:Ricaniidae
776:Fulgoridae
733:Fulgoridae
580:Katlasidae
509:Ricaniidae
494:Lophopidae
489:Kinnaridae
468:Fulgoridae
319:Fulgoridae
252:infraorder
200:Suborder:
174:Arthropoda
3411:Q15818163
3138:Largidae
3033:Blissidae
2981:Coreidae
2973:Alydidae
2965:Coreoidea
2950:Canopidae
2924:Phloeidae
2893:Cydnidae
2830:Aradidae
2822:Aradoidea
2791:Tingidae
2431:Omaniidae
2415:Saldidae
2324:Hebridae
2316:Hebroidea
2303:Veliidae
2290:Gerridae
2282:Gerroidea
2155:Suborder
2133:Triozidae
2042:Putoidae
1920:Coccidae
1867:Coccoidea
1857:Aphididae
1806:Suborder
1687:Achilidae
1591:Cicadidae
1581:(cicadas)
1506:Suborder
1480:Pterygota
1460:Kingdom:
1449:Hemiptera
1369:Swzedo J.
1040:Bug Bytes
598:, Brazil
590:Lalacidae
432:Achilidae
402:variety.
365:from the
283:anal vein
227:Families
194:Hemiptera
160:Kingdom:
154:Eukaryota
3458:BugGuide
3447:BioLib:
3405:Wikidata
3278:BugGuide
3267:BioLib:
3218:Q1570985
3212:Wikidata
3081:Malcidae
2749:Nabidae
2741:Miridae
2624:Pleidae
2611:Pleoidea
2504:Nepidae
2488:Nepoidea
1847:(aphids)
1735:Gengidae
1722:Flatidae
1707:Derbidae
1697:Cixiidae
1486:Neoptera
1466:Phylum:
1462:Animalia
1451:families
1313:(4): 4.
1211:11018129
1172:24640726
1164:24031019
1018:23144967
978:PLOS ONE
893:milkweed
818:Flatidae
747:nymphal
712:Flatidae
530:Cixiidae
473:Gengidae
463:Flatidae
447:Derbidae
378:honeydew
362:Emiliana
357:Lutetian
297:Overview
287:antennae
234:See text
170:Phylum:
164:Animalia
150:Domain:
127:Flatidae
3476:2645565
3463:1888661
3086:Ninidae
3048:Cymidae
1745:Issidae
1474:Insecta
1472:Class:
1447:Extant
1396:on the
1134:Bibcode
1126:Science
1009:3493603
986:Bibcode
692:Gallery
483:Issidae
400:coconut
342:vectors
250:in the
246:is any
190:Order:
184:Insecta
180:Class:
3538:866091
3522:NZOR:
3502:708928
3489:372860
3368:NZOR:
3348:109173
3270:100680
3156:Note:
1354:2010:
1261:Cedusa
1209:
1170:
1162:
1080:
1016:
1006:
920:nymphs
371:Eocene
350:phloem
291:arista
248:insect
221:, 1946
3515:33361
3450:16827
3384:70509
3361:36151
3335:52073
3309:15869
3283:12744
3164:from
3162:clade
2161:(with
1328:(PDF)
1303:(PDF)
1244:(PDF)
1229:(PDF)
1168:S2CID
932:Notes
359:-age
304:terga
219:Evans
3510:NCBI
3497:ITIS
3356:NCBI
3343:ITIS
3322:1805
3317:GBIF
1402:IFAS
1207:PMID
1160:PMID
1078:ISBN
1048:2021
1014:PMID
895:leaf
396:palm
394:, a
334:gear
273:and
46:PreꞒ
23:and
3471:EoL
3435:AFD
3291:CoL
3255:AFD
3242:ADW
1380:pl.
1361:, (
1315:doi
1275:doi
1271:149
1199:doi
1150:hdl
1142:doi
1130:341
1070:doi
1004:PMC
994:doi
955:doi
922:on
3557::
3535::
3512::
3499::
3486::
3473::
3460::
3437::
3422::
3407::
3381::
3358::
3345::
3332::
3319::
3306::
3296:FL
3293::
3280::
3257::
3244::
3229::
3214::
1375:;
1371:;
1363:63
1350:;
1346:;
1311:88
1309:.
1305:.
1269:.
1265:.
1237:15
1235:.
1231:.
1205:.
1195:54
1193:.
1189:.
1166:.
1158:.
1148:.
1140:.
1128:.
1124:.
1107:75
1105:.
1076:.
1056:^
1038:.
1026:^
1012:.
1002:.
992:.
980:.
976:.
951:96
949:.
602:,
321::
293:.
269:,
242:A
96:Pg
3172:.
2710:)
2706:(
2167:)
1440:e
1433:t
1426:v
1400:/
1365:)
1317::
1283:.
1277::
1213:.
1201::
1174:.
1152::
1144::
1136::
1086:.
1072::
1050:.
1020:.
996::
988::
982:7
961:.
957::
862:)
858:(
841:)
837:(
820:)
816:(
799:)
795:(
778:)
774:(
757:)
753:(
735:)
731:(
714:)
710:(
680:†
670:†
660:†
646:†
636:†
619:†
609:†
588:†
578:†
568:†
558:†
544:†
369:(
129:)
125:(
101:N
91:K
86:J
81:T
76:P
71:C
66:D
61:S
56:O
51:Ꞓ
27:.
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