136:
113:
660:
Studies of embryology, gametophyte development, female cone structure, and cytology led to the belief that the eight categories probably deserved generic status. Researchers agreed on the need to recognize "fairly natural groupings which prove to have good geographic and probably evolutionary
785:
from the Middle
Jurassic of England, as well as unnamed species from the Middle-Late Jurassic of Patagonia. Modern genera of the family first appeared during the Early Cretaceous, with the family probably reaching an apex of diversity during the early
509:
The
Podocarpaceae show great diversity, both morphologically and ecologically. Members occur mainly in the Southern Hemisphere, with most genetic variety taking place in New Caledonia, New Zealand, and Tasmania. Species diversity of
2197:
William T. Sinclair, R. R. Mill, M. F. Gardner, P. Woltz, T. Jaffré, J. Preston, M. L. Hollingsworth, A. Ponge, and M. Möller. 2002. "Evolutionary relationships of the New
Caledonian heterotrophic conifer,
2343:
Stull, Gregory W.; Qu, Xiao-Jian; Parins-Fukuchi, Caroline; Yang, Ying-Ying; Yang, Jun-Bo; Yang, Zhi-Yun; Hu, Yi; Ma, Hong; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Li, De-Zhu (July 19, 2021).
540:(with 21 species) are the largest genera. A few genera are common to New Zealand and South America, supporting the view that podocarps had an extensive distribution over southern
2546:
2924:
2950:
2872:
2504:
Leslie, Andrew B.; Beaulieu, Jeremy; Holman, Garth; Campbell, Christopher S.; Mei, Wenbin; Raubeson, Linda R.; Mathews, Sarah; et al. (2018).
2937:
2885:
2251:
Christopher N. Page. 1990. "Podocarpaceae" pages 332–346. In: Klaus
Kubitzki (general editor); Karl U. Kramer and Peter S. Green (volume editors)
2771:
2331:
2260:
2237:
2180:
2279:
2646:
2228:. 1990. "Phyllocladaceae" pages 317–319. In: Klaus Kubitzki (general editor); Karl U. Kramer and Peter S. Green (volume editors)
2911:
3025:
2407:
2942:
769:, these cannot be unambiguously assigned to the family. The oldest unambiguous members of the family are known from the
135:
2758:
218:
3030:
2999:
3071:
2955:
3004:
2457:"Relationships within Podocarpaceae based on DNA sequence, anatomical, morphological, and biogeographical data"
2859:
2639:
2299:
2776:
800:
Studies based on anatomical, biogeographical, morphological, and DNA evidence suggest these relationships:
3066:
2711:
2345:"Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms"
2225:
763:. While some fossils attributed to the family have been reported from the Late Permian and Triassic, like
706:
476:
2603:
3076:
2986:
2864:
2965:
2890:
2807:
2356:
689:
654:
781:
694:
439:
reaches as far north as southern Japan and southern China in Asia, and Mexico in the
Americas, and
391:
350:
2202:(Podocarpaceae), inferred from chloroplast trnL-F intron/spacer and nuclear rDNA ITS2 sequences".
3038:
2846:
2749:
2632:
2598:
Christopher J. Quinn and Robert A. Price. 2003. "Phylogeny of the
Southern Hemisphere Conifers".
2577:
2486:
2388:
406:
238:
130:
2272:
775:
2991:
2973:
2784:
2569:
2527:
2478:
2437:
2380:
2372:
2327:
2256:
2233:
2176:
765:
121:
2929:
2851:
2406:
Andruchow-Colombo, Ana; Escapa, Ignacio H; Aagesen, Lone; Matsunaga, Kelly K S (2023-08-04).
2978:
2658:
2561:
2517:
2468:
2427:
2419:
2364:
2210:
702:
699:
474:. It occurs on New Caledonia, where it is parasitic on another member of the Podocarpaceae,
463:
346:
2283:
624:
498:
468:
398:
2838:
2408:"In search of lost time: tracing the fossil diversity of Podocarpaceae through the ages"
2360:
112:
160:
3060:
2674:
2473:
2456:
2392:
2344:
2058:
2051:
2037:
1776:
1474:
1368:
1124:
910:
886:
756:
493:
410:
70:
2581:
2490:
3043:
2789:
2689:
2506:"An overview of extant conifer evolution from the perspective of the fossil record"
2133:
2112:
2100:
2093:
2072:
1843:
1695:
1670:
1533:
1385:
1190:
1036:
1019:
953:
752:
670:
635:
541:
488:
402:
366:
203:
2763:
2423:
2898:
2743:
2684:
2147:
2140:
2126:
2086:
2023:
1752:
1645:
1574:
1557:
1450:
1100:
979:
831:
719:
676:
661:
cohesion" and took the necessary steps to raise each section to generic status.
526:
430:
378:
45:
2368:
2214:
2119:
2044:
2016:
1919:
1867:
1419:
1266:
1231:
862:
650:
545:
471:
455:
446:
435:
173:
90:
55:
2734:
2441:
2376:
360:, comprising about 156 species of evergreen trees and shrubs. It contains 19
2833:
2820:
2799:
2655:
2030:
1793:
1141:
735:
is included within it. More recent treatments of the family have recognized
724:
714:
520:
515:
426:
95:
3017:
2573:
2531:
2482:
2384:
2273:"A yellowwood by any other name: molecular systematics and the taxonomy of
3012:
2728:
2694:
2669:
2009:
1720:
1069:
787:
770:
665:
414:
383:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
2432:
2306:(Podocarpaceae), a new monotypic conifer genus endemic to New Zealand".
17:
2615:
760:
418:
353:
193:
183:
100:
75:
2565:
2522:
2505:
2903:
2624:
2079:
2065:
1884:
1491:
1214:
927:
441:
372:
361:
2916:
2877:
2705:
2825:
628:
422:
147:
445:
into southern China and southern India. Two genera also occur in
382:
are recognized. The family achieved its maximum diversity in the
2709:
2628:
2812:
551:
425:
Mountains). Several genera extend north of the equator into
2619:
2600:
603:
species into eight species groups based on leaf anatomy:
497:. It is treated by some botanists in its own family, the
2271:
Barker, N. P.; Muller, E. M.; and Mill, R. R. (2004).
668:
544:. The breaking up of Gondwanaland led to large-scale
751:
2718:
2455:Knopf; Schulze; Little; Stützel; Stevenson (2012).
2247:
2245:
417:, and New Zealand, and to a slightly lesser extent
2167:
2165:
2255:volume I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
2232:volume I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
773:period, found across both hemispheres, such as
2193:
2191:
2189:
759:, and having diverged from it during the late
27:Family of conifers in the family Podocarpaceae
2640:
579:. All four of the African species fell under
8:
2706:
2647:
2633:
2625:
2253:The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants
2230:The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants
111:
31:
2521:
2472:
2431:
2277:and the Podocarpaceae in southern Africa"
514:is found mainly in South America and the
2412:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
802:
2545:Leslie, Andrew B.; et al. (2018).
2161:
518:islands, the latter also being rich in
397:The family is a classic member of the
390:family one of the most diverse in the
7:
3031:5fab7331-6edf-42a3-8811-fbcbe5f79f1c
2966:80d16a9d-08db-4621-b7ca-f58f0c3bea41
421:and South America (primarily in the
2604:doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2003.615.10
1859:
1835:
1828:
1768:
1744:
1736:
1711:
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1442:
1435:
1411:
1360:
1352:
1344:
1337:
1206:
1182:
1175:
1116:
1092:
1085:
1061:
1011:
1004:
902:
878:
854:
847:
823:
815:
674:from the family, while recognizing
333:Gaussen ex Doweld & Reveal 1999
3005:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126768-1
2326:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
2175:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
25:
2474:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00381.x
2288:South African Journal of Science
134:
2204:Plant Systematics and Evolution
2547:"ajb21143-sup-0004-AppendixS4"
1:
2324:A Natural History of Conifers
2308:New Zealand Journal of Botany
642:Carriére nom. rej. prop. 6),
536:(with 82 to 100 species) and
2171:James E. Eckenwalder. 2009.
467:is unique as the only known
607:J.Buchholz & N.E.Gray,
401:, with its main centres of
3093:
2554:American Journal of Botany
2510:American Journal of Botany
2424:10.1093/botlinnean/boad027
2369:10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4
327:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
309:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
285:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
279:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
273:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
267:Bobrov & Melikian 2000
261:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
255:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
249:Melikian & Bobrov 1997
2665:
2215:10.1007/s00606-002-0199-8
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1187:
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1114:
1097:
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1009:
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976:
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883:
876:
859:
852:
845:
828:
821:
808:
805:
244:
237:
230:
225:
131:Scientific classification
129:
119:
110:
34:
297:Doweld & Reveal 2001
291:Doweld & Reveal 1999
2620:The Gymnosperm Database
449:Africa, the widespread
41:Middle Jurassic–present
707:molecular phylogenetic
599:. Taxonomists divided
548:of the Podocarpaceae.
477:Falcatifolium taxoides
356:, known in English as
2987:Paleobiology Database
2173:Conifers of the World
491:to the Podocarpaceae
2322:Aljos Farjon. 2008.
2361:2021NatPl...7.1015S
2226:Christopher N. Page
809:Leslie et al. 2018
392:southern hemisphere
351:Southern Hemisphere
2300:Brian P. J. Molloy
2282:2008-04-08 at the
289:Microcachrydaceae
3054:
3053:
2974:Open Tree of Life
2712:Taxon identifiers
2703:
2702:
2566:10.1002/ajb2.1143
2523:10.1002/ajb2.1143
2332:978-0-88192-869-3
2261:978-0-387-51794-0
2238:978-0-387-51794-0
2181:978-0-88192-974-4
1999:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1985:
1984:
1976:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1958:
1957:
1949:
1948:
1940:
1939:
1931:
1930:
1905:
1904:
1896:
1895:
1814:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1622:
1621:
1613:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1595:
1594:
1586:
1585:
1512:
1511:
1503:
1502:
1397:
1396:
1348:Phyllocladoideae
1332:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1252:
1251:
1243:
1242:
1162:
1161:
1153:
1152:
1048:
1047:
991:
990:
965:
964:
939:
938:
370:is included and
340:
339:
334:
328:
322:
316:
313:Pherosphaeraceae
310:
304:
298:
292:
286:
283:Lepidothamnaceae
280:
274:
271:Falcatifoliaceae
268:
262:
256:
253:Bracteocarpaceae
250:
221:
122:Podocarpus elatus
16:(Redirected from
3084:
3072:Pinales families
3047:
3046:
3034:
3033:
3021:
3020:
3008:
3007:
2995:
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2982:
2981:
2969:
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2946:
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2933:
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2920:
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2907:
2906:
2894:
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2793:
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2754:
2753:
2752:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2707:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2626:
2586:
2585:
2560:(9): 1531–1544.
2551:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2525:
2516:(9): 1531–1544.
2501:
2495:
2494:
2476:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2435:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2355:(8): 1015–1025.
2340:
2334:
2320:
2314:
2297:
2291:
2269:
2263:
2249:
2240:
2223:
2217:
2200:Parasitaxis usta
2195:
2184:
2169:
1860:
1836:
1829:
1769:
1745:
1737:
1712:
1687:
1665:Microcachrydeae
1662:
1637:
1550:
1526:
1467:
1443:
1436:
1412:
1361:
1353:
1345:
1338:
1207:
1183:
1176:
1117:
1093:
1086:
1062:
1012:
1005:
903:
879:
855:
848:
824:
816:
803:
464:Parasitaxus usta
453:and the endemic
332:
331:Saxegothaeaceae
326:
325:Prumnopityaceae
320:
319:Phyllocladaceae
314:
308:
302:
296:
295:Microstrobaceae
290:
284:
278:
272:
266:
260:
254:
248:
217:
139:
138:
115:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
3092:
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3087:
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3083:
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3081:
3057:
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3055:
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3016:
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2985:
2977:
2972:
2964:
2962:
2954:
2949:
2941:
2936:
2928:
2923:
2915:
2910:
2902:
2897:
2889:
2884:
2876:
2871:
2863:
2858:
2850:
2845:
2837:
2832:
2824:
2819:
2811:
2806:
2798:
2796:
2788:
2783:
2775:
2770:
2762:
2757:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2714:
2704:
2699:
2685:Sciadopityaceae
2661:
2653:
2612:
2595:
2593:Further reading
2590:
2589:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2321:
2317:
2298:
2294:
2290:, 100: 629–632.
2284:Wayback Machine
2270:
2266:
2250:
2243:
2224:
2220:
2209:(1–2): 79–104.
2196:
2187:
2170:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2004:
1995:
1986:
1977:
1968:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1932:
1906:
1897:
1815:
1806:
1690:Pherosphaereae
1632:Podocarpoideae
1623:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1513:
1504:
1398:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1279:
1253:
1244:
1163:
1154:
1049:
992:
966:
940:
798:
749:
731:is doubtful if
703:characteristics
507:
499:Phyllocladaceae
409:, particularly
399:Antarctic flora
307:Parasitaxaceae
259:Dacrycarpaceae
216:
133:
125:Illawarra Plum
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
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3048:
3044:wfo-7000000484
3035:
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3009:
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2983:
2970:
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2947:
2934:
2921:
2908:
2895:
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2797:Conifers.org:
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2611:
2610:External links
2608:
2607:
2606:
2594:
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2587:
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2496:
2467:(3): 271–299.
2447:
2418:(4): 315–336.
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2157:
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2027:
2020:
2013:
2005:
2003:
2002:List of genera
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1655:
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1641:
1640:Saxegothaeeae
1635:
1633:
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1625:
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1441:
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1432:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1415:
1410:
1408:
1407:Prumnopityeae
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1356:Phyllocladeae
1351:
1349:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:
994:
993:
989:
988:
985:
984:
975:
972:
971:
968:
967:
963:
962:
959:
958:
949:
946:
945:
942:
941:
937:
936:
933:
932:
923:
920:
919:
916:
915:
906:
901:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
882:
877:
875:
872:
871:
868:
867:
858:
853:
851:
846:
844:
841:
840:
837:
836:
827:
822:
820:
819:Podocarpaceae
814:
811:
810:
807:
797:
792:
782:Harrisiocarpus
748:
745:
506:
503:
338:
337:
336:
335:
329:
323:
317:
311:
305:
299:
293:
287:
281:
277:Halocarpaceae
275:
269:
263:
257:
251:
242:
241:
235:
234:
228:
227:
223:
222:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
164:
163:
158:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
127:
126:
117:
116:
108:
107:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
43:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3089:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3067:Podocarpaceae
3065:
3064:
3062:
3045:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2957:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2852:Podocarpaceae
2848:
2844:
2840:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2800:Podocarpaceae
2795:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2777:Podocarpaceae
2773:
2769:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2751:
2750:Podocarpaceae
2745:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2720:Podocarpaceae
2717:
2713:
2708:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2680:Podocarpaceae
2678:
2676:
2675:Araucariaceae
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2650:
2645:
2643:
2638:
2636:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2621:
2617:
2616:Podocarpaceae
2614:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2538:
2533:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2500:
2497:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2349:Nature Plants
2346:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2313:(2): 183–201.
2312:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2059:Lepidothamnus
2056:
2054:
2053:
2052:Lagarostrobos
2049:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2038:Falcatifolium
2035:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1990:
1989:
1981:
1980:
1972:
1971:
1963:
1962:
1954:
1953:
1945:
1944:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1862:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1810:
1809:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1777:Falcatifolium
1771:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1747:
1746:
1739:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1714:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1689:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1639:
1638:
1631:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1609:
1608:
1600:
1599:
1591:
1590:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1528:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1475:Lagarostrobos
1469:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1414:
1413:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1369:Lepidothamnus
1363:
1362:
1355:
1354:
1347:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1318:
1310:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1292:
1291:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1248:
1247:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1209:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1158:
1157:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1125:Falcatifolium
1119:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1064:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
987:
986:
983:
982:
981:
974:
973:
970:
969:
961:
960:
957:
956:
955:
948:
947:
944:
943:
935:
934:
931:
930:
929:
922:
921:
918:
917:
914:
913:
912:
911:Lagarostrobos
905:
904:
898:
897:
894:
893:
890:
889:
888:
887:Lepidothamnus
881:
880:
874:
873:
870:
869:
866:
865:
864:
857:
856:
850:
849:
843:
842:
839:
838:
835:
834:
833:
826:
825:
818:
817:
813:
812:
804:
801:
796:
793:
791:
789:
784:
783:
778:
777:
772:
768:
767:
762:
758:
757:Araucariaceae
754:
746:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
729:Lagarostrobos
726:
722:
721:
716:
712:
709:study showed
708:
705:. In 2002, a
704:
701:
700:morphological
697:
696:
695:Lagarostrobus
691:
687:
683:
679:
678:
673:
672:
667:
662:
658:
656:
652:
649:
645:
641:
640:Polypodiopsis
637:
634:
633:Polypodiopsis
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
597:P. latifolius
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
549:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
529:
528:
523:
522:
517:
513:
504:
502:
500:
496:
495:
494:sensu stricto
490:
486:
481:
479:
478:
473:
470:
466:
465:
460:
458:
457:
452:
448:
444:
443:
438:
437:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
411:New Caledonia
408:
404:
400:
395:
393:
389:
388:Podocarpaceae
386:, making the
385:
381:
380:
375:
374:
369:
368:
363:
359:
355:
352:
348:
344:
343:Podocarpaceae
330:
324:
318:
312:
306:
300:
294:
288:
282:
276:
270:
265:Dacrydiaceae
264:
258:
252:
247:Acmopylaceae
246:
245:
243:
240:
236:
233:
229:
224:
220:
215:
214:Podocarpaceae
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
166:
165:
162:
161:Tracheophytes
159:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
137:
132:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
109:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
35:Podocarpaceae
33:
30:
19:
3077:Araucariales
2719:
2690:Cupressaceae
2679:
2602:: 129–136.
2599:
2557:
2553:
2540:
2513:
2509:
2499:
2464:
2460:
2450:
2433:11336/227952
2415:
2411:
2401:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2323:
2318:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2295:
2287:
2274:
2267:
2252:
2229:
2221:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2172:
2146:
2139:
2134:Retrophyllum
2132:
2125:
2118:
2113:Phyllocladus
2111:
2106:Microstrobos
2105:
2101:Pherosphaera
2099:
2094:Pectinopitys
2092:
2085:
2078:
2073:Microcachrys
2071:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2008:
1918:
1917:
1883:
1882:
1866:
1865:
1844:Retrophyllum
1842:
1841:
1824:Podocarpeae
1792:
1791:
1775:
1774:
1751:
1750:
1719:
1718:
1696:Pherosphaera
1694:
1693:
1671:Microcachrys
1669:
1668:
1644:
1643:
1573:
1572:
1556:
1555:
1534:Pectinopitys
1532:
1531:
1490:
1489:
1473:
1472:
1449:
1448:
1418:
1417:
1386:Phyllocladus
1384:
1383:
1367:
1366:
1265:
1264:
1230:
1229:
1213:
1212:
1191:Retrophyllum
1189:
1188:
1140:
1139:
1123:
1122:
1099:
1098:
1068:
1067:
1037:Pherosphaera
1035:
1034:
1020:Microcachrys
1018:
1017:
978:
977:
954:Phyllocladus
952:
951:
926:
925:
909:
908:
885:
884:
861:
860:
830:
829:
799:
794:
780:
774:
764:
753:sister group
750:
740:
736:
732:
728:
718:
710:
693:
685:
681:
675:
671:Phyllocladus
669:
663:
659:
647:
644:Stachycarpus
643:
639:
636:C.E.Bertrand
632:
620:
616:
613:Eupodocarpus
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
589:P. elongatus
588:
584:
580:
577:Pherosphaera
576:
572:
569:Microcachrys
568:
564:
561:Phyllocladus
560:
556:
552:
550:
542:Gondwanaland
537:
533:
532:
525:
519:
511:
508:
492:
485:Phyllocladus
484:
482:
475:
462:
461:
454:
450:
440:
434:
396:
387:
377:
371:
367:Phyllocladus
365:
357:
342:
341:
231:
213:
204:Araucariales
174:Gymnospermae
167:
154:
120:
29:
2899:iNaturalist
2744:Wikispecies
2148:Sundacarpus
2141:Saxegothaea
2127:Prumnopitys
2087:Parasitaxus
2024:Dacrycarpus
1753:Dacrycarpus
1740:Dacrydieae
1715:Acmopyleae
1646:Saxegothaea
1575:Prumnopitys
1558:Sundacarpus
1451:Parasitaxus
1101:Dacrycarpus
980:Prumnopitys
832:Saxegothaea
806:Knopf 2012
741:Sundacarpus
720:Prumnopitys
711:Sundacarpus
698:, based on
684:. In 1995,
677:Sundacarpus
664:In 1990, a
648:Sundacarpus
617:Microcarpus
609:Dacrycarpus
593:P. henkelii
585:P. falcatus
573:Saxegothaea
527:Dacrycarpus
447:sub-Saharan
431:Philippines
407:Australasia
379:Sundacarpus
345:is a large
321:Bessey 1907
301:Nageiaceae
3061:Categories
2917:77126768-1
2461:Cladistics
2275:Podocarpus
2156:References
2120:Podocarpus
2045:Halocarpus
2017:Afrocarpus
1920:Podocarpus
1868:Afrocarpus
1420:Halocarpus
1267:Podocarpus
1232:Afrocarpus
863:Halocarpus
776:Scarburgia
739:, but not
690:segregated
680:, but not
651:J.Buchholz
646:Endl. and
605:Afrocarpus
601:Podocarpus
581:Podocarpus
553:Podocarpus
546:speciation
534:Podocarpus
516:Indonesian
512:Podocarpus
483:The genus
472:gymnosperm
456:Afrocarpus
451:Podocarpus
436:Podocarpus
349:of mainly
315:Nakai 1938
180:Division:
2834:FloraBase
2656:Pinophyta
2442:0024-4074
2393:236141481
2377:2055-0278
2302:. 1995. "
2031:Dacrydium
1794:Dacrydium
1142:Dacrydium
747:Evolution
725:monophyly
666:treatment
557:Dacrydium
538:Dacrydium
530:species.
521:Dacrydium
469:parasitic
427:Indochina
403:diversity
358:podocarps
232:See text
194:Pinopsida
184:Pinophyta
144:Kingdom:
3026:VicFlora
3018:50126585
3013:Tropicos
2729:Wikidata
2695:Taxaceae
2670:Pinaceae
2659:families
2582:52120430
2574:30157290
2532:30157290
2491:86581015
2483:34872191
2385:34282286
2280:Archived
2010:Acmopyle
1721:Acmopyle
1070:Acmopyle
788:Cenozoic
771:Jurassic
766:Rissikia
723:and the
715:embedded
655:N.E.Gray
565:Acmopyle
505:Taxonomy
429:and the
415:Tasmania
384:Cenozoic
354:conifers
239:Synonyms
210:Family:
18:Podocarp
2735:Q157160
2357:Bibcode
761:Permian
755:to the
625:Gaertn.
619:Pilg.,
615:Endl.,
611:Endl.,
419:Malesia
303:Fu 1992
226:Genera
200:Order:
190:Class:
148:Plantae
2979:620760
2963:NZOR:
2930:114466
2580:
2572:
2530:
2489:
2481:
2440:
2391:
2383:
2375:
2330:
2304:Manoao
2259:
2236:
2179:
2104:(syn.
2080:Nageia
2066:Manoao
1885:Nageia
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