125:
102:
649:
Studies of embryology, gametophyte development, female cone structure, and cytology led to the belief that the eight categories probably deserved generic status. Researchers agreed on the need to recognize "fairly natural groupings which prove to have good geographic and probably evolutionary
774:
from the Middle
Jurassic of England, as well as unnamed species from the Middle-Late Jurassic of Patagonia. Modern genera of the family first appeared during the Early Cretaceous, with the family probably reaching an apex of diversity during the early
498:
The
Podocarpaceae show great diversity, both morphologically and ecologically. Members occur mainly in the Southern Hemisphere, with most genetic variety taking place in New Caledonia, New Zealand, and Tasmania. Species diversity of
2186:
William T. Sinclair, R. R. Mill, M. F. Gardner, P. Woltz, T. Jaffré, J. Preston, M. L. Hollingsworth, A. Ponge, and M. Möller. 2002. "Evolutionary relationships of the New
Caledonian heterotrophic conifer,
2332:
Stull, Gregory W.; Qu, Xiao-Jian; Parins-Fukuchi, Caroline; Yang, Ying-Ying; Yang, Jun-Bo; Yang, Zhi-Yun; Hu, Yi; Ma, Hong; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Li, De-Zhu (July 19, 2021).
529:(with 21 species) are the largest genera. A few genera are common to New Zealand and South America, supporting the view that podocarps had an extensive distribution over southern
2535:
2913:
2939:
2861:
2493:
Leslie, Andrew B.; Beaulieu, Jeremy; Holman, Garth; Campbell, Christopher S.; Mei, Wenbin; Raubeson, Linda R.; Mathews, Sarah; et al. (2018).
2926:
2874:
2240:
Christopher N. Page. 1990. "Podocarpaceae" pages 332–346. In: Klaus
Kubitzki (general editor); Karl U. Kramer and Peter S. Green (volume editors)
2760:
2320:
2249:
2226:
2169:
2268:
2635:
2217:. 1990. "Phyllocladaceae" pages 317–319. In: Klaus Kubitzki (general editor); Karl U. Kramer and Peter S. Green (volume editors)
2900:
3014:
2396:
2931:
758:, these cannot be unambiguously assigned to the family. The oldest unambiguous members of the family are known from the
124:
2747:
207:
3019:
2988:
3060:
2944:
2993:
2446:"Relationships within Podocarpaceae based on DNA sequence, anatomical, morphological, and biogeographical data"
2848:
2628:
2288:
2765:
789:
Studies based on anatomical, biogeographical, morphological, and DNA evidence suggest these relationships:
3055:
2700:
2334:"Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms"
2214:
752:. While some fossils attributed to the family have been reported from the Late Permian and Triassic, like
695:
465:
2592:
3065:
2975:
2853:
2954:
2879:
2796:
2345:
678:
643:
770:
683:
428:
reaches as far north as southern Japan and southern China in Asia, and Mexico in the
Americas, and
380:
339:
2191:(Podocarpaceae), inferred from chloroplast trnL-F intron/spacer and nuclear rDNA ITS2 sequences".
3027:
2835:
2738:
2621:
2587:
Christopher J. Quinn and Robert A. Price. 2003. "Phylogeny of the
Southern Hemisphere Conifers".
2566:
2475:
2377:
395:
227:
119:
2261:
764:
2980:
2962:
2773:
2558:
2516:
2467:
2426:
2369:
2361:
2316:
2245:
2222:
2165:
754:
110:
2918:
2840:
2395:
Andruchow-Colombo, Ana; Escapa, Ignacio H; Aagesen, Lone; Matsunaga, Kelly K S (2023-08-04).
2967:
2647:
2550:
2506:
2457:
2416:
2408:
2353:
2199:
691:
688:
463:. It occurs on New Caledonia, where it is parasitic on another member of the Podocarpaceae,
452:
335:
2272:
613:
487:
457:
387:
2827:
2397:"In search of lost time: tracing the fossil diversity of Podocarpaceae through the ages"
2349:
101:
149:
3049:
2663:
2462:
2445:
2381:
2333:
2047:
2040:
2026:
1765:
1463:
1357:
1113:
899:
875:
745:
482:
399:
59:
2570:
2479:
3032:
2778:
2678:
2495:"An overview of extant conifer evolution from the perspective of the fossil record"
2122:
2101:
2089:
2082:
2061:
1832:
1684:
1659:
1522:
1374:
1179:
1025:
1008:
942:
741:
659:
624:
530:
477:
391:
355:
192:
2752:
2412:
2887:
2732:
2673:
2136:
2129:
2115:
2075:
2012:
1741:
1634:
1563:
1546:
1439:
1089:
968:
820:
708:
665:
650:
cohesion" and took the necessary steps to raise each section to generic status.
515:
419:
367:
34:
2357:
2203:
2108:
2033:
2005:
1908:
1856:
1408:
1255:
1220:
851:
639:
534:
460:
444:
435:
424:
162:
79:
44:
2723:
2430:
2365:
349:, comprising about 156 species of evergreen trees and shrubs. It contains 19
2822:
2809:
2788:
2644:
2019:
1782:
1130:
724:
is included within it. More recent treatments of the family have recognized
713:
703:
509:
504:
415:
84:
3006:
2562:
2520:
2471:
2373:
2262:"A yellowwood by any other name: molecular systematics and the taxonomy of
3001:
2717:
2683:
2658:
1998:
1709:
1058:
776:
759:
654:
403:
372:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
2421:
2295:(Podocarpaceae), a new monotypic conifer genus endemic to New Zealand".
2604:
749:
407:
342:
182:
172:
89:
64:
2554:
2511:
2494:
2892:
2613:
2068:
2054:
1873:
1480:
1203:
916:
430:
361:
350:
2905:
2866:
2694:
2814:
617:
411:
136:
434:
into southern China and southern India. Two genera also occur in
371:
are recognized. The family achieved its maximum diversity in the
2698:
2617:
2801:
540:
414:
Mountains). Several genera extend north of the equator into
2608:
2589:
592:
species into eight species groups based on leaf anatomy:
486:. It is treated by some botanists in its own family, the
2260:
Barker, N. P.; Muller, E. M.; and Mill, R. R. (2004).
657:
533:. The breaking up of Gondwanaland led to large-scale
740:
2707:
2444:Knopf; Schulze; Little; Stützel; Stevenson (2012).
2236:
2234:
406:, and New Zealand, and to a slightly lesser extent
2156:
2154:
2244:volume I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
2221:volume I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
762:period, found across both hemispheres, such as
2182:
2180:
2178:
748:, and having diverged from it during the late
16:Family of conifers in the family Podocarpaceae
2629:
568:. All four of the African species fell under
8:
2695:
2636:
2622:
2614:
2242:The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants
2219:The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants
100:
20:
2510:
2461:
2420:
2266:and the Podocarpaceae in southern Africa"
503:is found mainly in South America and the
2401:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
791:
2534:Leslie, Andrew B.; et al. (2018).
2150:
507:islands, the latter also being rich in
386:The family is a classic member of the
379:family one of the most diverse in the
7:
3020:5fab7331-6edf-42a3-8811-fbcbe5f79f1c
2955:80d16a9d-08db-4621-b7ca-f58f0c3bea41
410:and South America (primarily in the
2593:doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2003.615.10
1848:
1824:
1817:
1757:
1733:
1725:
1700:
1675:
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1625:
1538:
1514:
1455:
1431:
1424:
1400:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1326:
1195:
1171:
1164:
1105:
1081:
1074:
1050:
1000:
993:
891:
867:
843:
836:
812:
804:
663:from the family, while recognizing
322:Gaussen ex Doweld & Reveal 1999
2994:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126768-1
2315:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
2164:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
14:
2463:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00381.x
2277:South African Journal of Science
123:
2193:Plant Systematics and Evolution
2536:"ajb21143-sup-0004-AppendixS4"
1:
2313:A Natural History of Conifers
2297:New Zealand Journal of Botany
631:Carriére nom. rej. prop. 6),
525:(with 82 to 100 species) and
2160:James E. Eckenwalder. 2009.
456:is unique as the only known
596:J.Buchholz & N.E.Gray,
390:, with its main centres of
3082:
2543:American Journal of Botany
2499:American Journal of Botany
2413:10.1093/botlinnean/boad027
2358:10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4
316:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
298:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
274:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
268:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
262:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
256:Bobrov & Melikian 2000
250:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
244:Melikian & Bobrov 2000
238:Melikian & Bobrov 1997
2654:
2204:10.1007/s00606-002-0199-8
1905:
1870:
1853:
1846:
1829:
1822:
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1738:
1731:
1723:
1706:
1698:
1681:
1673:
1656:
1648:
1631:
1623:
1560:
1543:
1536:
1519:
1512:
1477:
1460:
1453:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1405:
1398:
1371:
1354:
1347:
1339:
1331:
1252:
1217:
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1193:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1127:
1110:
1103:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1055:
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1022:
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998:
991:
965:
939:
913:
896:
889:
872:
865:
848:
841:
834:
817:
810:
797:
794:
233:
226:
219:
214:
120:Scientific classification
118:
108:
99:
23:
286:Doweld & Reveal 2001
280:Doweld & Reveal 1999
2609:The Gymnosperm Database
438:Africa, the widespread
30:Middle Jurassic–present
696:molecular phylogenetic
588:. Taxonomists divided
537:of the Podocarpaceae.
466:Falcatifolium taxoides
345:, known in English as
2976:Paleobiology Database
2162:Conifers of the World
480:to the Podocarpaceae
2311:Aljos Farjon. 2008.
2350:2021NatPl...7.1015S
2215:Christopher N. Page
798:Leslie et al. 2018
381:southern hemisphere
340:Southern Hemisphere
2289:Brian P. J. Molloy
2271:2008-04-08 at the
278:Microcachrydaceae
3043:
3042:
2963:Open Tree of Life
2701:Taxon identifiers
2692:
2691:
2555:10.1002/ajb2.1143
2512:10.1002/ajb2.1143
2321:978-0-88192-869-3
2250:978-0-387-51794-0
2227:978-0-387-51794-0
2170:978-0-88192-974-4
1988:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1974:
1973:
1965:
1964:
1956:
1955:
1947:
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1938:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1920:
1919:
1894:
1893:
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1884:
1803:
1802:
1794:
1793:
1611:
1610:
1602:
1601:
1593:
1592:
1584:
1583:
1575:
1574:
1501:
1500:
1492:
1491:
1386:
1385:
1337:Phyllocladoideae
1321:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1275:
1267:
1266:
1241:
1240:
1232:
1231:
1151:
1150:
1142:
1141:
1037:
1036:
980:
979:
954:
953:
928:
927:
359:is included and
329:
328:
323:
317:
311:
305:
302:Pherosphaeraceae
299:
293:
287:
281:
275:
272:Lepidothamnaceae
269:
263:
260:Falcatifoliaceae
257:
251:
245:
242:Bracteocarpaceae
239:
210:
111:Podocarpus elatus
3073:
3061:Pinales families
3036:
3035:
3023:
3022:
3010:
3009:
2997:
2996:
2984:
2983:
2971:
2970:
2958:
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2947:
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2934:
2922:
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2909:
2908:
2896:
2895:
2883:
2882:
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2755:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2696:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2615:
2575:
2574:
2549:(9): 1531–1544.
2540:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2514:
2505:(9): 1531–1544.
2490:
2484:
2483:
2465:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2424:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2344:(8): 1015–1025.
2329:
2323:
2309:
2303:
2286:
2280:
2258:
2252:
2238:
2229:
2212:
2206:
2189:Parasitaxis usta
2184:
2173:
2158:
1849:
1825:
1818:
1758:
1734:
1726:
1701:
1676:
1654:Microcachrydeae
1651:
1626:
1539:
1515:
1456:
1432:
1425:
1401:
1350:
1342:
1334:
1327:
1196:
1172:
1165:
1106:
1082:
1075:
1051:
1001:
994:
892:
868:
844:
837:
813:
805:
792:
453:Parasitaxus usta
442:and the endemic
321:
320:Saxegothaeaceae
315:
314:Prumnopityaceae
309:
308:Phyllocladaceae
303:
297:
291:
285:
284:Microstrobaceae
279:
273:
267:
261:
255:
249:
243:
237:
206:
128:
127:
104:
94:
31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
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3076:
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3074:
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3046:
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2904:
2899:
2891:
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2878:
2873:
2865:
2860:
2852:
2847:
2839:
2834:
2826:
2821:
2813:
2808:
2800:
2795:
2787:
2785:
2777:
2772:
2764:
2759:
2751:
2746:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2703:
2693:
2688:
2674:Sciadopityaceae
2650:
2642:
2601:
2584:
2582:Further reading
2579:
2578:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2443:
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2438:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2310:
2306:
2287:
2283:
2279:, 100: 629–632.
2273:Wayback Machine
2259:
2255:
2239:
2232:
2213:
2209:
2198:(1–2): 79–104.
2185:
2176:
2159:
2152:
2147:
2142:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1966:
1957:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1895:
1886:
1804:
1795:
1679:Pherosphaereae
1621:Podocarpoideae
1612:
1603:
1594:
1585:
1576:
1502:
1493:
1387:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1242:
1233:
1152:
1143:
1038:
981:
955:
929:
787:
738:
720:is doubtful if
692:characteristics
496:
488:Phyllocladaceae
398:, particularly
388:Antarctic flora
296:Parasitaxaceae
248:Dacrycarpaceae
205:
122:
114:Illawarra Plum
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3079:
3077:
3069:
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3063:
3058:
3048:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3033:wfo-7000000484
3024:
3011:
2998:
2985:
2972:
2959:
2949:
2936:
2923:
2910:
2897:
2884:
2871:
2858:
2845:
2832:
2819:
2806:
2793:
2786:Conifers.org:
2783:
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2705:
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2600:
2599:External links
2597:
2596:
2595:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2526:
2485:
2456:(3): 271–299.
2436:
2407:(4): 315–336.
2387:
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2253:
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2207:
2174:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2143:
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2065:
2058:
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2030:
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2016:
2009:
2002:
1994:
1992:
1991:List of genera
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1630:
1629:Saxegothaeeae
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1423:
1421:
1418:
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1413:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1396:Prumnopityeae
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1392:
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1388:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1345:Phyllocladeae
1340:
1338:
1332:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1318:
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1310:
1309:
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1287:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1004:
999:
997:
992:
990:
987:
986:
983:
982:
978:
977:
974:
973:
964:
961:
960:
957:
956:
952:
951:
948:
947:
938:
935:
934:
931:
930:
926:
925:
922:
921:
912:
909:
908:
905:
904:
895:
890:
888:
885:
884:
881:
880:
871:
866:
864:
861:
860:
857:
856:
847:
842:
840:
835:
833:
830:
829:
826:
825:
816:
811:
809:
808:Podocarpaceae
803:
800:
799:
796:
786:
781:
771:Harrisiocarpus
737:
734:
495:
492:
327:
326:
325:
324:
318:
312:
306:
300:
294:
288:
282:
276:
270:
266:Halocarpaceae
264:
258:
252:
246:
240:
231:
230:
224:
223:
217:
216:
212:
211:
200:
196:
195:
190:
186:
185:
180:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
153:
152:
147:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
116:
115:
106:
105:
97:
96:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
32:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3078:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3056:Podocarpaceae
3054:
3053:
3051:
3034:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2841:Podocarpaceae
2837:
2833:
2829:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2789:Podocarpaceae
2784:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2766:Podocarpaceae
2762:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2739:Podocarpaceae
2734:
2730:
2725:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2709:Podocarpaceae
2706:
2702:
2697:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2669:Podocarpaceae
2667:
2665:
2664:Araucariaceae
2662:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2639:
2634:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2610:
2606:
2605:Podocarpaceae
2603:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2489:
2486:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2440:
2437:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2391:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2338:Nature Plants
2335:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2305:
2302:(2): 183–201.
2301:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2144:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2048:Lepidothamnus
2045:
2043:
2042:
2041:Lagarostrobos
2038:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2027:Falcatifolium
2024:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1979:
1978:
1970:
1969:
1961:
1960:
1952:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1934:
1933:
1925:
1924:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1890:
1889:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1851:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1799:
1798:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1766:Falcatifolium
1760:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1736:
1735:
1728:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1703:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1653:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1627:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1607:
1606:
1598:
1597:
1589:
1588:
1580:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1541:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1464:Lagarostrobos
1458:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1358:Lepidothamnus
1352:
1351:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1317:
1316:
1308:
1307:
1299:
1298:
1290:
1289:
1281:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1237:
1236:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1147:
1146:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1114:Falcatifolium
1108:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1003:
1002:
996:
995:
989:
988:
985:
984:
976:
975:
972:
971:
970:
963:
962:
959:
958:
950:
949:
946:
945:
944:
937:
936:
933:
932:
924:
923:
920:
919:
918:
911:
910:
907:
906:
903:
902:
901:
900:Lagarostrobos
894:
893:
887:
886:
883:
882:
879:
878:
877:
876:Lepidothamnus
870:
869:
863:
862:
859:
858:
855:
854:
853:
846:
845:
839:
838:
832:
831:
828:
827:
824:
823:
822:
815:
814:
807:
806:
802:
801:
793:
790:
785:
782:
780:
778:
773:
772:
767:
766:
761:
757:
756:
751:
747:
746:Araucariaceae
743:
735:
733:
731:
727:
723:
719:
718:Lagarostrobos
715:
711:
710:
705:
701:
698:study showed
697:
694:. In 2002, a
693:
690:
689:morphological
686:
685:
684:Lagarostrobus
680:
676:
672:
668:
667:
662:
661:
656:
651:
647:
645:
641:
638:
634:
630:
629:Polypodiopsis
626:
623:
622:Polypodiopsis
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
586:P. latifolius
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
518:
517:
512:
511:
506:
502:
493:
491:
489:
485:
484:
483:sensu stricto
479:
475:
470:
468:
467:
462:
459:
455:
454:
449:
447:
446:
441:
437:
433:
432:
427:
426:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
400:New Caledonia
397:
393:
389:
384:
382:
378:
377:Podocarpaceae
375:, making the
374:
370:
369:
364:
363:
358:
357:
352:
348:
344:
341:
337:
333:
332:Podocarpaceae
319:
313:
307:
301:
295:
289:
283:
277:
271:
265:
259:
254:Dacrydiaceae
253:
247:
241:
236:Acmopylaceae
235:
234:
232:
229:
225:
222:
218:
213:
209:
204:
203:Podocarpaceae
201:
198:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
174:
171:
168:
167:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
150:Tracheophytes
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
126:
121:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
24:Podocarpaceae
22:
19:
3066:Araucariales
2708:
2679:Cupressaceae
2668:
2591:: 129–136.
2588:
2546:
2542:
2529:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2453:
2449:
2439:
2422:11336/227952
2404:
2400:
2390:
2341:
2337:
2327:
2312:
2307:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2284:
2276:
2263:
2256:
2241:
2218:
2210:
2195:
2192:
2188:
2161:
2135:
2128:
2123:Retrophyllum
2121:
2114:
2107:
2102:Phyllocladus
2100:
2095:Microstrobos
2094:
2090:Pherosphaera
2088:
2083:Pectinopitys
2081:
2074:
2067:
2062:Microcachrys
2060:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1907:
1906:
1872:
1871:
1855:
1854:
1833:Retrophyllum
1831:
1830:
1813:Podocarpeae
1781:
1780:
1764:
1763:
1740:
1739:
1708:
1707:
1685:Pherosphaera
1683:
1682:
1660:Microcachrys
1658:
1657:
1633:
1632:
1562:
1561:
1545:
1544:
1523:Pectinopitys
1521:
1520:
1479:
1478:
1462:
1461:
1438:
1437:
1407:
1406:
1375:Phyllocladus
1373:
1372:
1356:
1355:
1254:
1253:
1219:
1218:
1202:
1201:
1180:Retrophyllum
1178:
1177:
1129:
1128:
1112:
1111:
1088:
1087:
1057:
1056:
1026:Pherosphaera
1024:
1023:
1009:Microcachrys
1007:
1006:
967:
966:
943:Phyllocladus
941:
940:
915:
914:
898:
897:
874:
873:
850:
849:
819:
818:
788:
783:
769:
763:
753:
742:sister group
739:
729:
725:
721:
717:
707:
699:
682:
674:
670:
664:
660:Phyllocladus
658:
652:
648:
636:
633:Stachycarpus
632:
628:
625:C.E.Bertrand
621:
609:
605:
602:Eupodocarpus
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
578:P. elongatus
577:
573:
569:
566:Pherosphaera
565:
561:
558:Microcachrys
557:
553:
550:Phyllocladus
549:
545:
541:
539:
531:Gondwanaland
526:
522:
521:
514:
508:
500:
497:
481:
474:Phyllocladus
473:
471:
464:
451:
450:
443:
439:
429:
423:
385:
376:
366:
360:
356:Phyllocladus
354:
346:
331:
330:
220:
202:
193:Araucariales
163:Gymnospermae
156:
143:
109:
18:
2888:iNaturalist
2733:Wikispecies
2137:Sundacarpus
2130:Saxegothaea
2116:Prumnopitys
2076:Parasitaxus
2013:Dacrycarpus
1742:Dacrycarpus
1729:Dacrydieae
1704:Acmopyleae
1635:Saxegothaea
1564:Prumnopitys
1547:Sundacarpus
1440:Parasitaxus
1090:Dacrycarpus
969:Prumnopitys
821:Saxegothaea
795:Knopf 2012
730:Sundacarpus
709:Prumnopitys
700:Sundacarpus
687:, based on
673:. In 1995,
666:Sundacarpus
653:In 1990, a
637:Sundacarpus
606:Microcarpus
598:Dacrycarpus
582:P. henkelii
574:P. falcatus
562:Saxegothaea
516:Dacrycarpus
436:sub-Saharan
420:Philippines
396:Australasia
368:Sundacarpus
334:is a large
310:Bessey 1907
290:Nageiaceae
3050:Categories
2906:77126768-1
2450:Cladistics
2264:Podocarpus
2145:References
2109:Podocarpus
2034:Halocarpus
2006:Afrocarpus
1909:Podocarpus
1857:Afrocarpus
1409:Halocarpus
1256:Podocarpus
1221:Afrocarpus
852:Halocarpus
765:Scarburgia
728:, but not
679:segregated
669:, but not
640:J.Buchholz
635:Endl. and
594:Afrocarpus
590:Podocarpus
570:Podocarpus
542:Podocarpus
535:speciation
523:Podocarpus
505:Indonesian
501:Podocarpus
472:The genus
461:gymnosperm
445:Afrocarpus
440:Podocarpus
425:Podocarpus
338:of mainly
304:Nakai 1938
169:Division:
2823:FloraBase
2645:Pinophyta
2431:0024-4074
2382:236141481
2366:2055-0278
2291:. 1995. "
2020:Dacrydium
1783:Dacrydium
1131:Dacrydium
736:Evolution
714:monophyly
655:treatment
546:Dacrydium
527:Dacrydium
519:species.
510:Dacrydium
458:parasitic
416:Indochina
392:diversity
347:podocarps
221:See text
183:Pinopsida
173:Pinophyta
133:Kingdom:
3015:VicFlora
3007:50126585
3002:Tropicos
2718:Wikidata
2684:Taxaceae
2659:Pinaceae
2648:families
2571:52120430
2563:30157290
2521:30157290
2480:86581015
2472:34872191
2374:34282286
2269:Archived
1999:Acmopyle
1710:Acmopyle
1059:Acmopyle
777:Cenozoic
760:Jurassic
755:Rissikia
712:and the
704:embedded
644:N.E.Gray
554:Acmopyle
494:Taxonomy
418:and the
404:Tasmania
373:Cenozoic
343:conifers
228:Synonyms
199:Family:
2724:Q157160
2346:Bibcode
750:Permian
744:to the
614:Gaertn.
608:Pilg.,
604:Endl.,
600:Endl.,
408:Malesia
292:Fu 1992
215:Genera
189:Order:
179:Class:
137:Plantae
2968:620760
2952:NZOR:
2919:114466
2569:
2561:
2519:
2478:
2470:
2429:
2380:
2372:
2364:
2319:
2293:Manoao
2248:
2225:
2168:
2093:(syn.
2069:Nageia
2055:Manoao
1874:Nageia
1481:Manoao
1204:Nageia
917:Manoao
784:Genera
726:Manoao
722:Manoao
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