537:
122:
1599:
102:
216:. Members of this family tend to be larger than other mosses, with the larger species occurring in particularly moist habitats. The leaves have specialized sheaths at the base and a midrib that bears
1509:
1313:
1078:
223:
on the upper surface. These mosses are capable of sustaining high rates of photosynthesis in the presence of ample light and moisture. Unlike all other mosses, the
1535:
1352:
1117:
858:
Goffinet, B.; W. R. Buck & A. J. Shaw (2008). "Morphology and
Classification of the Bryophyta". In Bernard Goffinet & A. Jonathan Shaw (eds.).
1287:
1052:
1522:
1326:
1091:
1640:
188:
896:
867:
883:
Goffinet, Bernard; William R. Buck (2004). "Systematics of the
Bryophyta (Mosses): From molecules to a revised classification".
1527:
1331:
1096:
1339:
1104:
121:
987:
844:
1540:
227:-based vascular system of these mosses is continuous from stem to leaf and can extract water from the soil through
1357:
1122:
840:
919:(Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 140. United States Geological Survey. pp. 17–55, plates VIII-XXXI.
1659:
1633:
259:; some early-diverging genera instead have a stopper mechanism, which consists of the apical section of the
172:
1664:
1039:
940:
220:
1153:
912:
Knowlton, F.H. (1926). "Flora of the Latah
Formation of Spokane, Washington, and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho".
1044:
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978:
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682:
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714:
612:
260:
116:
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892:
863:
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591:
584:
381:
1610:
1083:
605:
1563:
1380:
1318:
1145:
920:
793:
781:
738:
577:
224:
521:
position of the
Polytrichaceae among the eight classes of mosses, based on inferences from
754:
654:
619:
425:
1031:
403:
217:
1598:
101:
1653:
518:
366:
228:
59:
826:
1419:
1197:
626:
337:
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992:
1253:
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1233:
1109:
1065:
972:
734:
661:
556:
34:
1224:
256:
240:
79:
44:
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963:
1483:
1274:
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1013:
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710:
640:
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236:
84:
1576:
1406:
1184:
1571:
1440:
1401:
1218:
1179:
957:
563:
248:
232:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
862:(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 55–138.
797:
780:
Bell, Neil; Kariwayasam, Isuru; Flores, Jorge; Hyvönen, Jaakko (2021).
89:
64:
1501:
1305:
1070:
1057:
934:
1292:
924:
1488:
1388:
1279:
1166:
1018:
535:
133:
1606:
1475:
244:
213:
143:
938:
522:
1266:
1005:
1614:
825:. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).
274:
263:, that seals the mouth of the capsule shut prior to
1430:
1208:
947:
782:"The diversity of the Polytrichopsida—a review"
914:Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925
831:. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press
1634:
8:
891:. Missouri Botanical Garden Press: 205–239.
828:Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA)
251:are hairy. Most species have nematodontous
1641:
1627:
935:
100:
20:
816:
814:
775:
773:
771:
887:. Molecular Systematics of Bryophytes.
767:
306:
7:
1595:
1593:
1551:7b0d7efd-2ba3-45a4-ac1b-a1a98799eb56
1394:68BEA5DB-6B02-5994-8D35-839FC3D2ED19
1368:2441c1fe-60c5-418b-a5cf-f93a6c99a729
1172:EB0682C4-D6CF-5704-4958-2A5C7DAEBD8A
1133:df7309d4-90f0-49ff-8418-df604340861f
418:
396:
359:
352:
315:
308:
1613:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
786:Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution
1597:
120:
885:Monographs in Systematic Botany
1:
231:. Species in this group are
845:Harvard University Herbaria
1686:
1592:
741:, British Columbia, Canada
255:with 32–64 teeth in their
243:are relatively large, the
841:Missouri Botanical Garden
839:– via eFloras.org,
453:
438:
423:
416:
401:
394:
379:
364:
357:
350:
335:
320:
313:
200:
195:
117:Scientific classification
115:
108:
99:
23:
821:Merrill, Gary L. Smith.
737:); Apple Bay locality,
239:. In most species, the
1609:-related article is a
843:, St. Louis, MO &
543:
212:is a common family of
1154:Paleobiology Database
539:
798:10.11646/BDE.43.1.8
247:are rigid, and the
110:Polytrichum commune
715:Gaillard Formation
544:
541:Atrichum undulatum
235:, though some are
30:Valanginian–Recent
1622:
1621:
1587:
1586:
1559:Open Tree of Life
1376:Open Tree of Life
1141:Open Tree of Life
941:Taxon identifiers
860:Bryophyte Biology
757:, Washington, USA
648:Polytrichadelphus
585:Dendroligotrichum
529:
528:
511:
510:
502:
501:
493:
492:
484:
483:
475:
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465:
382:Andreaeobryopsida
207:
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191:
175:
159:
1677:
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1601:
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1397:
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1347:
1345:NHMSYS0000066596
1335:
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1110:NHMSYS0000310385
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909:
903:
902:
880:
874:
873:
855:
849:
848:
847:, Cambridge, MA.
838:
836:
823:"Polytrichaceae"
818:
809:
808:
806:
804:
777:
752:
739:Vancouver Island
732:
708:
419:
397:
360:
353:
316:
309:
275:
187:
171:
157:
125:
124:
104:
94:
31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
16:Family of mosses
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1534:
1526:
1521:
1513:
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1500:
1495:
1487:
1482:
1474:
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1462:Polytrichopsida
1460:
1459:
1454:
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1444:
1439:
1432:Polytrichopsida
1426:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1400:
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1387:
1379:
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1366:
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1356:
1351:
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1317:
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1299:
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1116:
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1103:
1095:
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1082:
1077:
1069:
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1051:
1043:
1038:
1030:
1025:
1017:
1012:
1004:
999:
991:
986:
977:
976:
971:
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943:
933:
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916:
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906:
899:
882:
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877:
870:
857:
856:
852:
834:
832:
820:
819:
812:
802:
800:
779:
778:
769:
764:
755:Latah Formation
750:
726:
702:
693:
688:
655:Polytrichastrum
634:Plagioracelopus
620:Notoligotrichum
534:
525:sequence data.
512:
503:
494:
485:
476:
467:
426:Tetraphidopsida
297:multiple genera
280:Polytrichopsids
273:
186:
170:
156:
154:Polytrichopsida
119:
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1683:
1681:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1660:Polytrichaceae
1652:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1631:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1602:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1568:
1555:
1545:
1532:
1519:
1506:
1493:
1480:
1467:
1452:
1436:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1420:wfo-9000000422
1411:
1398:
1385:
1372:
1362:
1349:
1336:
1323:
1310:
1297:
1284:
1271:
1258:
1245:
1230:
1214:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1198:wfo-7000000490
1189:
1176:
1163:
1150:
1137:
1127:
1114:
1101:
1088:
1075:
1062:
1049:
1036:
1023:
1010:
997:
984:
979:Polytrichaceae
969:
953:
951:
949:Polytrichaceae
945:
944:
939:
931:
930:
925:10.3133/pp140A
904:
897:
875:
868:
850:
810:
766:
765:
763:
760:
759:
758:
742:
718:
717:, Georgia, USA
692:
691:Extinct genera
689:
687:
686:
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672:
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623:
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441:Polytrichaceae
437:
434:
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430:
429:
422:
417:
415:
412:
411:
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404:Oedipodiopsida
400:
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304:
303:
302:
301:
300:
299:
292:Polytrichaceae
272:
271:Classification
269:
218:photosynthetic
210:Polytrichaceae
205:
204:
198:
197:
193:
192:
184:Polytrichaceae
181:
177:
176:
165:
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160:
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147:
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141:
137:
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131:
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113:
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97:
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88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
32:
26:
24:Polytrichaceae
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1682:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1665:Moss families
1663:
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1408:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1390:
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1377:
1373:
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1346:
1341:
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1328:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1240:Polytrichales
1235:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1210:Polytrichales
1207:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1002:
998:
994:
989:
985:
980:
974:
970:
965:
959:
955:
954:
952:
950:
946:
942:
937:
926:
922:
915:
908:
905:
900:
898:1-930723-38-5
894:
890:
886:
879:
876:
871:
869:9780521872256
865:
861:
854:
851:
846:
842:
830:
829:
824:
817:
815:
811:
799:
795:
792:(1): 98–111.
791:
787:
783:
776:
774:
772:
768:
761:
756:
751:Britton, 1926
749:
748:
747:Polytrichites
743:
740:
736:
730:
725:
724:
719:
716:
712:
706:
701:
700:
699:Eopolytrichum
695:
694:
690:
685:
684:
680:
678:
677:
673:
671:
670:
669:Pseudatrichum
666:
664:
663:
659:
657:
656:
652:
650:
649:
645:
643:
642:
638:
636:
635:
631:
629:
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624:
622:
621:
617:
615:
614:
610:
608:
607:
603:
601:
600:
596:
594:
593:
589:
587:
586:
582:
580:
579:
575:
573:
572:
571:Bartramiopsis
568:
566:
565:
561:
559:
558:
554:
552:
551:
547:
546:
542:
538:
531:
524:
520:
516:
515:
507:
506:
498:
497:
489:
488:
480:
479:
471:
470:
462:
461:
458:
457:
451:
450:
447:
446:
443:
442:
436:
435:
432:
431:
428:
427:
421:
420:
414:
413:
410:
409:
406:
405:
399:
398:
392:
391:
388:
387:
384:
383:
377:
376:
373:
372:
369:
368:
367:Andreaeopsida
362:
361:
355:
354:
348:
347:
344:
343:
340:
339:
333:
332:
329:
328:
325:
324:
318:
317:
311:
310:
298:
295:
294:
293:
289:
288:
287:
286:Polytrichales
283:
282:
281:
277:
276:
270:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:transpiration
226:
222:
219:
215:
211:
203:
199:
194:
190:
185:
182:
179:
178:
174:
169:
168:Polytrichales
166:
163:
162:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
123:
118:
114:
111:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1615:expanding it
1604:
1589:
1431:
1209:
948:
907:
888:
884:
878:
859:
853:
833:. Retrieved
827:
801:. Retrieved
789:
785:
745:
733:Cretaceous (
728:
721:
709:Cretaceous (
704:
697:
683:Steereobryon
681:
674:
667:
660:
653:
646:
639:
632:
627:Oligotrichum
625:
618:
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
576:
569:
562:
555:
548:
540:
519:phylogenetic
454:
440:
439:
424:
402:
380:
365:
338:Sphagnopsida
336:
323:Takakiopsida
321:
296:
291:
285:
279:
209:
208:
201:
183:
167:
153:
109:
18:
1497:iNaturalist
1456:Wikispecies
1301:iNaturalist
1234:Wikispecies
1066:iNaturalist
973:Wikispecies
735:Valanginian
662:Polytrichum
613:Meiotrichum
557:Atrichopsis
241:sporophytes
173:M. Fleisch.
1670:Moss stubs
1654:Categories
762:References
723:Meantoinea
676:Psilopilum
265:dehiscence
257:sporangium
253:peristomes
202:See text.
140:Division:
1027:FloraBase
753:Miocene;
711:Campanian
641:Pogonatum
599:Itatiella
550:Alophosia
456:Bryopsida
261:columella
249:calyptrae
237:monoicous
144:Bryophyta
130:Kingdom:
1577:35204558
1572:Tropicos
1515:11907011
1441:Wikidata
1407:35213134
1402:Tropicos
1225:Q2546461
1219:Wikidata
1185:35002791
1180:Tropicos
958:Wikidata
703:Konopka
592:Hebantia
578:Dawsonia
564:Atrichum
233:dioicous
221:lamellae
189:Schwägr.
180:Family:
1476:6044074
1447:Q642852
964:Q133627
835:19 July
803:19 July
727:Bippus
606:Lyellia
290:family
225:hydroid
196:Genera
164:Order:
150:Class:
134:Plantae
1564:235116
1548:NZOR:
1541:113509
1528:846130
1502:785240
1381:821351
1365:NZOR:
1159:452745
1146:821352
1130:NZOR:
1084:107195
993:120380
895:
866:
731:, 2017
729:et al.
707:, 1997
705:et al.
532:Genera
284:order
278:class
214:mosses
158:Doweld
1605:This
1510:IRMNG
1489:1POYC
1389:Plazi
1332:14192
1319:12085
1314:IRMNG
1306:55332
1280:1POYO
1167:Plazi
1097:15757
1079:IRMNG
1071:55333
1045:10721
1032:23070
1019:1POYF
917:(PDF)
245:setae
1611:stub
1607:moss
1536:NCBI
1523:ITIS
1484:EPPO
1358:3210
1353:NCBI
1327:ITIS
1288:GBIF
1275:EPPO
1267:3875
1123:3211
1118:NCBI
1092:ITIS
1058:4669
1053:GBIF
1014:EPPO
1006:3876
988:APNI
893:ISBN
864:ISBN
837:2024
805:2024
517:The
35:PreꞒ
1471:EoL
1415:WFO
1340:NBN
1293:620
1262:EoL
1254:3VR
1249:CoL
1193:WFO
1105:NBN
1040:FNA
1001:EoL
921:doi
794:doi
713:);
523:DNA
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85:Pg
1642:e
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1628:v
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744:†
720:†
696:†
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
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