419:, due to the frequent mention of it by many writers of that time. Already during the reign of Henry VII, notices of money issued several times for the King's losses at cards appear in the Remembrance's Office, dated December the 26th, in the ninth year of his reign. There, an entry is made of one hundred shillings paid at one time to him for the purpose of playing at cards. The private expenses of Princess Mary, Henry VIII's daughter and later Queen, also contain numerous items of money "for the playe at cardes". But despite the records, it is not certain that primero found its way to England previously to the marriage of Queen Mary I with
671:(go!), which brings an immediate showdown won by the best hand. If no one bets, the stakes are carried forward to the next deal; but if one stays in, at least one other must contest the pot, this obligation ultimately falling upon the player immediately ahead of the last bettor if everyone else has folded. In a showdown, the better equal combinations are those with the highest point. Thus, a quartet of aces (4x16=64) beats a quartet of 5s (60), but it's beaten by four 6s (72). Four kings will not beat four queens or jacks, as these hands all count 40. Such ties are broken in favor of the
374:, Lord Burleigh, is said to have entirely devoted his time to business and study, taking no diversion but that afforded by his gardens, of which he was both fond and proud, it is to be supposed that this painting was not actually a portrait of him, though mistaken for his, as was the ownership of the old manor-house of Wimbledon. So, there seems to be little doubt here as for which game the artist meant to describe, and that the person exhibiting his cards to the spectators had won a lush, for his three clubs are the best cards for counting.
545:
34:
1929:
708:
may have an ace or a 6 in hand. In Venice, for instance, the mode of playing may be different; in
Lombardy, Naples, France and Spain, so many countries, so many customs. But of all the modes, none can be superior to that of the court of Rome. There, the 7s, 8s and 9s are not withdrawn; there it is allowed to discard, but not both cards after "pass" is once said; nor can this be done with the two cards of the
1403:
367:(the crest of the Tudors), and underneath, though indistinctly, the partially illegible name of a French card-maker Jehan Licl**rer. This particular shows that the cards then used were at least sometimes obtained from France. The money on the table, together with considerable heaps of gold and silver, appears to be coins of Edward VI and Queen Elizabeth I.
359:
table with the blank side uppermost, for the cards at that time had blank backs, while four remain in each of the other players hands. A particular in this painting is that one of the players is seen showing his cards, which are: the jack (knave) of hearts, the ace, 7 and 6 of clubs. The cover of the pack lying on the table displays two lions
333:
776:, is played by dealing four cards to each player; the value of the 7, 6 and ace, are the same; but the 2 is said to count for 12, the 3 for 13, the 4 for 14, and the 5 for 15, the figured cards are each equivalent to 10. The best hand is the flush, that is, four cards of high numbers and one of one colour; the next is the
798:, or prime, which is four cards of different suits. Should two persons have flushes, the player who counts the highest number, or the greatest flush wins, and the same regulation holds good in regard to the prime. But should there be neither flush nor prime, the one who can count the most points in one suit wins.
772:, for which the jack of hearts is most commonly chosen, and of which he may make what card and what colour he likes. After which each of the players show their four cards, and he whose cards are all of different sorts wins the prime, if they are all of one colour he wins the Flush. Meanwhile, according to the
707:
means 'to win ', and is a phrase which occurs in almost every poem in the times of James and
Charles. It is taken from terms used at primero, and perhaps other games then played) is made at the second card, and when the first player say "pass", every one is obliged to discard, notwithstanding any one
664:
showdown, and the player with the best hand wins the pot. Two cards go to each player, which is followed by the next phase of betting, and two more cards are dealt to each player. Then either eight cards are dealt face down on the table or the remaining cards are left out as a draw pile or stockpile.
456:
Judging by the pattern of succession of games during the
Renaissance, many of the card games played throughout Europe, ascended in popularity to be later replaced by another type of game, again brought into England by the court gamester of that time. So that, by the last quarter of the 16th century,
381:
has been quoted by several writers as evidence that primero was a gambling game. But a person who objects to cards, might make such a remark with respect to any card game, whether a gambling game or not. Judging from the partial descriptions of the game which remain to us, it might seem that primero
763:
According to Duchat, there are two kinds of primero, the greater and the lesser; the difference between them is that the former is played with the figured cards, while at the latter the highest card is the 7, which counts for 21. Each player has four cards, which are dealt one by one. the next card
690:
by overstating it. What they apparently must not do is to underbid their hands; for as
Cardano puts it: "If anyone wins with the greatest point, he is obliged to show another card; otherwise he loses his deposit because he could have a 'Flush'... Similarly, if he 'vies' on the basis of point, he is
480:
The object of the game, as in poker, is to attain the highest possible hand, or at least bluff your competitors out of betting against you. There are no existing written rules for the 16th-century primero, only descriptions. However, a number of reconstructions of the game have been made, primarily
694:
A player may either knock or draw in a turn, but not both. Once a player knocks, he may no longer draw. When two players have knocked, the play stops, and cards are shown. Betting starts after the two cards are dealt, and may continue after these two cards have been dealt, and then at every round,
553:
It is assumed that the subject of this painting may not be the obvious three card players, but in fact it may refer to a secret political alliance between Spain and
England against Francis I of France. The figure on the left would be Charles V and on the right Cardinal Wolsey, both entering into a
323:
might have had on the origin of primero, it seems fairly plausible that the game being played in different parts of Europe had to acquire similar names as it migrated from one country to another, or from one region to the other, notably in Italy and Spain. And with the addition of new rules to the
358:
is represented playing at cards with three other persons, apparently of distinction, each having two rings on the same fingers of both their hands. The cards used are marked as at present, although they differ from those of modern times for being narrower and longer. Eight of the cards lie on the
663:
Because this is a gambling game, the first step is for all players to ante into the pot. The deal is counter-clockwise, starting with the dealer. Each player receives 4 cards dealt in 2's from a 40-card deck ranking K Q J 7 6 5 4 3 2 A. Anyone dealt a winning combination calls for an immediate
324:
original set of rules, or even variations on the rules that the game devised, it finally reached a level of development that made them become separate games, despite their common origin. So, as the
Italian writer Berni said: "The game is played differently in different places."
386:
describes primero played by two persons for "one shilling stake and three rest (pool)." In
Minsheu's "Spanish Dialogues", four play; the stake is two shillings and the rest, eight. The text is self-explanatory, explaining also the meaning of the name primero.
764:
in value to the 7 is the 6, which counts for 18; then the 6, which counts for 15. The ace is equivalent to 6 points, but the 2 (deuce), the 3 (trey) and the 4 count only for their respective numbers. To these cards may be added, if the players choose, the
439:
confides in this father that "for mine own part, as I have set up my rest to run away, so I will not rest till I have sun some ground" (2.2.91-92). To "set up rest" alludes to a type of gamble in the
Italian version of primero
740:, and more or less points; this diversity gives rise to numerous controversies and disputable points. Another excellent hand in this game is four-of-a-kind; four court cards, four aces, etc., beat both the flush and
301:, 'first'. In English literature, besides the occasional use of the foreign names, the game is designated primero (and also prima-vista, a probable variant), with the usual corruptions in spelling of the early days.
537:
Two or three cards of the same suit. A point of higher card-value beats one of lower value for which purpose Courts count 10 each of the hand is the sum of the cards. ace, 6, 7 and jack cards in any suit.
667:
In the eight-card version, eight cards are laid out on the table, and players may draw and discard from only these. When a player is satisfied with his cards, he may knock on the table, calling out:
468:, primero, which by the time of the Restoration in 1660 had already evolved into many other variations, some of six cards, rapidly went out of fashion with the introduction of the Spanish game of
245:, the game's card-point system is found in other Italian games but nowhere else. The game is still very much played in central Europe and Spain with Italian-suited cards, under the name of
759:, in a note on that chapter of Rabelais, in which the games Gargantua played at are enumerated, has described the mode of playing primero, and a similar account may be gathered from the
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just before the dealer's turn. The dealer always bets first. Players may match, raise, or fold any time during wagering. If all players refuse a bet, it must be withdrawn.
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is the earliest known writing to mention the game; it affords proof that it was at least commonly played in Italy at the beginning of the 16th century. His work entitled
1159:
1258:
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In Rome, the full 52-card deck was used. In
Florence, it is custom to leave out the 7s, 8s and 9s, keeping and vying only with the smaller cards; the "rest" (
1115:
489:
Primero is played with a 40-card deck, and there are special decks made for this game. It works best with four to six players. The player who holds the
241:, published in Rome in 1526, and believed to be the earliest extant work describing a card game, contains some particulars on primero. According to
423:, although there is no doubt that his coming to England from the court of Charles V would have cause it to be more generally known and played.
1953:
1962:
1944:
428:
186:(a.k.a. prima-vista, and various other spellings), if not the same. It is also believed to be one of the ancestors to the modern game of
1068:, because it hath the first place at the play at cardes." See any online copy for the full dialogue of the gamers as they play, e.g.
1147:
1097:, 4th ed., vol. IX; ed. W. Carew Hazlitt; London: Reeves and Turner; 1874 (reprint of 1744 original publications by Robert Dodsley).
939:
877:
448:
we have one which describes "The Story of Marcus' Life at
Primero", in which many of the terms of the game are developed in detail.
316:, that is, first and first seen, because he that can show such an order of cards, wins the game), are two different games of cards.
1986:
1935:
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obliged to show two different cards and one of a matching suit, so that no one may suspect him of having a 'Flush' or 'Prime'."
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One card from each suit. It's a four-card hand containing one card of each suit, hence the exact opposite of a flush in poker.
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1244:
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secret agreement. The woman in the centre would be Margaret of Austria, sister of Charles V and regent of the Netherlands.
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493:, a sequence of the best cards and a good trump, is sure to be successful over the adversaries – hence the game's name.
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1427:
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The highest possible three-flush, the ace, 6, 7 (plus an unrelated fourth card) and ace card from any other suit.
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712:, as it is usual in other places. The most essential operation of this game may be its two principal hands, the
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say: "I never prospered since I forswore myself at primero." Additionally, the clown Lancelot in Shakespeare's
20:
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Primero appears to have been one of the earliest card games played in England during the Renaissance and the
1996:
1387:
1352:
445:
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1497:
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732:; from these three are deducted all the varieties which daily occur at primero, as the greater and lesser
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ab Ital. Primiera, Luxus qu dam chartarum, ab Ital. Primiero, Primus, & Prima-vista. Primus aspectus
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464:, the favorite card game of James I, and alluded by Harington as supplanting primero. According to
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308:, primero and prima-vista are one and the same game. As for John Minshew, primero and prima-vista (
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1016:"Primero, why I though thou hadst not been so much gamester as play at it" - Greene's: (1611)
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399:, and certainly it continued to be one of the most fashionable games throughout the reigns of
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of which the earliest reference dates back to 1526. Primero is closely related to the game of
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on the basis of books describing playing strategy and references in period literature.
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primero had already decreased in popularity, and was gradually replaced by the
193:
The gambling game with this name goes back to the 16th century, being known to
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817:
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dramatizing a party of the game "II gioco di primiera" was published in 1569.
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1064:); London: John Haviland, 1623; p. 26. Quote: "I take it that it is called
1044:, vol. 10; Eneas Sweetland Dallas; London: Bradbury and Evans, 1863; p. 363.
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Dicionario de la Lengua Castellana para la Real Academia in voce Primiera
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258:
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Game Report: "Primero – Reconstructed from primary and tertiary sources"
339:, now attributed to the Master of the Countess of Warwick or his circle.
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John Fletcher, Gordan McMullan, pg. 437 – The Arden Shakespeare 2000
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also speaks of Henry VIII playing at primero with his brother-in-law
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It is uncertain if Primero is of Spanish or Italian origin. Although
332:
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1312:
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187:
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1213:, Andrew Leibs; London: Greenwood Press, 2004; pp. 91–92
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was played for either large or small stakes, as agreed upon.
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by Princeton University, Vol. 13–14, pg. 169 London, 1846-47
205:, which he thought of as the noblest of all card games, to
1233:, Jeff A. Suzuki, 2007; another reconstruction of the game
233:
is of the opinion that it is of Spanish origin, a poem of
1082:
A glossary: or, Collection of words, phrases, names, etc.
889:
Researches into the History of Playing Cards and Printing
1062:
Pleasant and Delightful Dialgues in Spanish and English
724:, and a third, derived from the first, which is called
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by stating how high a hand they claim to have, and may
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253:, remaining the major native vying game of Italy.
1162:at TreTre (archived). Retrieved 14 February 2019.
1184:Oeuvres de Rabelais avec les remarques de Duchat
1108:The Story of his times, and coines mis-spending.
319:Whichever opinion these two seventeenth-century
1099:
346:described an Elizabethan card party painted by
792:, 7, 6, and ace, which count for 55; then the
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1104:Long winter nights, and as long Summer dayes:
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363:a shield, upon which is what appears to be a
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8:
954:, Stephen Skinner, 1671. Quote (in Latin): "
913:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
271:
211:
160:
26:
1093:"The Story of Marcus' Life at Primero", in
956:
895:; London: Bensley & Son, 1816; pg. 246.
337:Four Gentlemen of High Rank Playing Primero
310:
295:
293:in Italy. All names derived from the Latin
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1245:
1237:
1106:And I heard once, to idle talke attending;
1084:v. II pg. 687, Robert Nares, London (1859)
557:
158:(in English also called Primus, in French
32:
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495:
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190:, to which it is strikingly similar.
25:
7:
429:Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk
1211:Sports and Games of the Renaissance
1102:Fond Marcus ever at Primero playes,
761:Dictionary of the Spanish Academy.
269:This old game of cards was called
14:
1231:"Primero: A Renaissance Cardgame"
857:"Primero: A Renaissance Cardgame"
239:Capitolo del Gioco della Primiera
1928:
1927:
1401:
1186:, T. 1, pg. 78, 4 to. Amst. 1741
952:Etymologicon Linguae Anglicanae
928:Oxford Dictionary of Card Games
870:Oxford Dictionary of Card Games
497:Primero hands from high to low
1140:King Henry VIII - All is true.
909:The Oxford Guide to Card Games
784:(supremus), consisting of the
178:), is a 16th-century gambling
1:
391:Primero and the Tudor dynasty
1954:Patience and solitaire games
377:A passage in an old play by
350:that originally belonged to
1963:Tarot and Tarock card games
1945:Non trick-taking card games
1604:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
1488:GĂ©, Point, Flux et Sequence
1428:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
1072:of the passage in question.
513:All cards of the same suit
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2013:
1128:Cotton's Complete Gamester
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444:). Among the epigrams of
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1160:Francesco Berni's Primero
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31:
1005:Sharpe's London Magazine
774:Great Spanish Dictionary
21:Primero (disambiguation)
1987:16th-century card games
1936:Trick-taking card games
1308:Hannikin canst abide it
1227:, Justin du Coeur, 2003
1174:, by Gascoigne, A.3 S.2
905:Parlett, David (1990).
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437:The Merchant of Venice
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312:Primum et primum visum
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225:The origins of Primero
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87:Tactics & Strategy
1130:, ed. of 1721, pg. 49
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505:Four cards of a kind
452:Evolution and decline
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893:Samuel Weller Singer
551:by Lucas van Leyden.
19:For other uses, see
1198:, pg. 563. Ed. 1856
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425:William Shakespeare
255:Alessandro Striggio
219:William Shakespeare
28:
1318:Laugh and lie down
1118:for the full text.
980:Guide into Tongues
559:Card point values
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421:Philip II of Spain
372:Marquess of Exeter
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146: •
16:Gambling card game
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1158:Zorli, Girolamo.
1116:Google Books scan
1095:Old English Plays
1058:Spanish Dialogues
995:, v. III, pg. 133
976:Ductor in Linguas
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575:Face (court) card
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526:Primero (prime)
502:Chorus (quartet)
476:Rules of the game
459:trick-taking game
409:Mary I of England
344:Daines Barrington
231:Daines Barrington
207:François Rabelais
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510:Fluxus (flush)
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1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1293:Costly colours
1290:
1285:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1220:
1219:External links
1217:
1215:
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1203:
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1188:
1176:
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1132:
1120:
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1086:
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1034:
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1009:
997:
984:
964:
944:
920:
897:
881:
862:
847:
845:
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835:
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815:
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582:
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531:
530:
527:
523:
522:
519:
515:
514:
511:
507:
506:
503:
486:
483:
477:
474:
466:Charles Cotton
453:
450:
446:John Harington
392:
389:
329:
326:
321:lexicographers
285:in Spain, and
266:
263:
226:
223:
174:or in Spanish
151:
150:
140:
139:
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127:
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37:
15:
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6:
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2009:
1998:
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1964:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1889:
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1881:
1877:
1873:
1870:
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1863:
1860:
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1853:
1847:
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1501:
1499:
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1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1463:Brusquembille
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
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1409:
1404:
1394:
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1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1358:Post and pair
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
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1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
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1284:
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1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1262:
1257:
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1248:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1197:
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1189:
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1177:
1173:
1168:
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1161:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1148:1-903436-25-7
1145:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:(long title:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1030:Second Frutes
1025:
1022:
1019:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1001:
998:
994:
988:
985:
981:
977:
973:
968:
965:
961:
959:
953:
948:
945:
941:
940:0-19-869173-4
937:
933:
932:David Parlett
929:
924:
921:
916:
911:
910:
901:
898:
894:
890:
885:
882:
879:
878:0-19-869173-4
875:
871:
866:
863:
858:
852:
849:
843:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
823:Post and pair
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
801:
799:
796:
791:
789:
783:
781:
775:
771:
769:
762:
758:
751:
749:
747:
745:
739:
735:
731:
729:
723:
721:
715:
711:
706:
698:
696:
692:
689:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
665:
658:
649:
646:
645:
639:
636:
635:
629:
626:
625:
619:
616:
615:
609:
606:
605:
598:
595:
594:
587:
584:
583:
577:
576:
571:
570:
566:
563:
562:
550:
546:
533:
532:
525:
524:
517:
516:
509:
508:
501:
500:
494:
492:
484:
482:
475:
473:
471:
467:
463:
460:
451:
449:
447:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
397:Tudor dynasty
390:
388:
385:
380:
379:Robert Greene
375:
373:
370:As the first
368:
366:
365:heraldic rose
362:
357:
356:Lord Burleigh
353:
352:Lord Falkland
349:
345:
338:
334:
327:
325:
322:
317:
315:
313:
307:
304:According to
302:
300:
298:
292:
290:
284:
282:
276:
274:
264:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
243:David Parlett
240:
236:
232:
224:
222:
220:
216:
214:
208:
204:
202:
196:
191:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
171:
166:, in Italian
165:
163:
157:
149:
145:
141:
138:Related games
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
109:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
44:
40:
35:
30:
22:
1966:}}
1960:{{
1957:}}
1951:{{
1948:}}
1942:{{
1939:}}
1933:{{
1880:Hundertspiel
1840:
1669:Hundertspiel
1659:German Tarok
1614:Bierschlauch
1438:Bête Hombrée
1423:As Qui Court
1362:
1323:Losing lodam
1210:
1195:
1191:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1154:
1139:
1135:
1127:
1123:
1101:
1094:
1089:
1081:
1077:
1070:this excerpt
1065:
1061:
1057:
1054:John Minsheu
1049:
1041:
1037:
1029:
1024:
1017:
1012:
1004:
1000:
993:Archaeologia
992:
987:
979:
975:
972:John Minsheu
967:
955:
951:
947:
927:
923:
908:
900:
888:
884:
872:, pg. 226 –
869:
865:
851:
785:
777:
773:
765:
760:
755:
741:
737:
733:
725:
717:
713:
709:
704:
702:
693:
687:
683:
679:
677:
668:
666:
662:
647:
637:
627:
617:
607:
596:
585:
572:
564:Type of card
549:Card Players
548:
490:
488:
479:
455:
436:
431:, and makes
394:
376:
369:
342:
336:
328:The gamblers
318:
309:
303:
294:
286:
278:
270:
268:
250:
246:
238:
228:
221:as primero.
210:
198:
192:
175:
167:
159:
155:
154:
122:Playing time
38:
1992:Vying games
1805:Primo visto
1749:Scherwenzel
1739:Sansprendre
1709:MĂĽller Matz
1699:Kontraspiel
1674:Juckerspiel
1664:Grobhäusern
1654:German Solo
1649:FĂĽnfzehnern
1609:Bester Bube
1518:Hoc Mazarin
1388:Speculation
1353:Pope Julius
1298:French ruff
1267:Historical
1042:Once a Week
675:competing.
673:eldest hand
413:Elizabeth I
384:John Florio
277:in France,
184:primo visto
144:Primo visto
1981:Categories
1910:(Scottish)
1898:(Austrian)
1876:Elfmandeln
1779:Vogelspiel
1774:Trischaken
1443:Bouillotte
1269:card games
844:References
818:Bouillotte
652:21 points
642:18 points
632:16 points
622:15 points
612:14 points
602:13 points
591:12 points
580:10 points
401:Henry VIII
361:supporting
1916:(Swedish)
1902:Romestecq
1884:Piquesept
1872:Einwerfen
1800:Minchiate
1719:Piquesept
1694:Kauflabet
1689:Karnöffel
1684:Karniffel
1634:Einwerfen
1629:Cinquille
1568:Quintille
1558:Quadrille
1553:Quadrette
1528:Impériale
1498:Guimbarde
1373:Quadrille
1348:Pope Joan
1207:"Primero"
1028:Florio's
1018:Tu Quoque
942:; p. 226.
442:see below
405:Edward VI
354:in which
297:primarius
265:Etymology
217:, and to
180:card game
1892:Sticheln
1868:(Polish)
1866:DruĹĽbart
1862:Chapanka
1831:Conquian
1815:Trappola
1764:Sticheln
1759:Spitzeln
1754:Schlauch
1734:RĂĽmpffen
1679:Kaschlan
1619:Brusbart
1588:Triomphe
1573:Reversis
1548:Pamphile
1543:Papillon
1533:Lenterlu
1468:Commerce
1343:Penneech
1288:Bone ace
1172:Supposes
974:'s 1617
802:See also
716:and the
678:Players
485:The play
433:Falstaff
289:primiera
259:madrigal
201:primiera
170:Primiera
71:Matching
63:Primiero
1904:(Dutch)
1896:Tatteln
1841:Primero
1824:Spanish
1788:Italian
1769:Tatteln
1744:Saunigl
1729:RĂ©union
1724:Pollack
1704:Mariage
1624:Cassino
1583:Tontine
1578:Sizette
1483:Emprunt
1458:Brisque
1453:Briscan
1363:Primero
1276:English
1066:primero
991:(1677)
795:primera
788:quinola
768:quinola
744:primera
720:primera
588:(deuce)
417:James I
281:primera
251:bambara
176:Primera
156:Primero
125:20 min.
108:Spanish
104:Italian
76:Players
27:Primero
1888:Skwitz
1846:Rentoy
1639:Elfern
1597:German
1538:Mouche
1478:Culbas
1473:Coucou
1448:Brelan
1418:Ambigu
1411:French
1146:
1032:(1591)
938:
876:
833:Brelan
828:Ambigu
599:(trey)
567:Value
133:Medium
130:Chance
84:Skills
68:Family
50:Origin
1914:Kille
1855:Other
1836:Ombre
1810:Ronfa
1795:Gilet
1493:Gilet
1338:Noddy
1313:Ombre
1303:Gleek
1283:Andro
915:91-92
891:, by
808:Gilet
780:punto
738:prime
734:flush
728:punto
714:flush
688:bluff
491:prime
470:Ombre
273:prime
247:goffo
213:prime
188:poker
162:Prime
148:Poker
92:Cards
54:Italy
1508:Hère
1433:BĂŞte
1144:ISBN
1114:See
1110:...
936:ISBN
874:ISBN
710:rest
669:Vada
573:Any
415:and
257:'s
114:Play
100:Deck
1908:Maw
1513:Hoc
1503:Her
1368:Put
1328:Maw
1209:in
684:vye
682:or
680:vie
628:Ace
462:maw
249:or
209:as
197:as
106:or
79:2-6
1983::
1894:,
1890:,
1886:,
1882:,
1878:,
1874:,
1864:,
1056:,
962:".
934:;
930:,
748:.
618:5
608:4
597:3
586:2
472:.
411:,
407:,
403:,
95:40
1260:e
1253:t
1246:v
982:)
978:(
917:.
859:.
648:7
638:6
440:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
