372:
488:
394:
49:
75:
421:
432:
that weigh between 26 and 46 g (0.92 and 1.62 oz) and are 23 to 44 cm (9.1–17.3 in) in length. Between 15 and 38 cm (5.9 and 15.0 in) of that length is in their massively elongated tails, the tails of the Cape sugarbird being overall longer than those of Gurney's
461:
southwards, except the extreme south of South Africa, where it is replaced by the Cape sugarbird in the Cape provinces of South Africa. It has at times been considered conspecific with Gurney's. The distribution of Gurney's sugarbird is disjunct, and currently two
503:
provide most of the energy these birds require, and they are considered significant pollinators of the genus. The birds' diet is supplemented by insects attracted to the inflorescences. Studies of their diets found that bees in the family
242:, but are not closely related to the former and are even more distantly related to the latter. They have brownish plumage, the long downcurved bill typical of passerine nectar feeders, and long tail feathers.
298:
family, which is otherwise restricted to the
Australasian region. Using egg white proteins in the 1970s, Sibley and Ahlquist mistakenly placed them with the starlings (the samples used were actually those of
5063:
433:
sugarbird. In both species, the tail of the male is longer than the female, although the difference is more pronounced in the Cape sugarbird. In overall body size, the males are
5068:
371:
4986:
5012:
626:
956:
616:
5058:
294:
The relationships of the sugarbirds have been a source of considerable debate. They were first treated as a far-flung member of the
928:
5017:
614:
de Swardt, Dawid (2008), "Family
Promeropidae (Sugarbirds)", in Josep, del Hoyo; Andrew, Elliott; David, Christie (eds.),
544:
Ornithologie, ou, Méthode
Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés
816:
74:
445:. The skull and tongue morphologies of the sugarbirds are very similar to that of the honeyeaters, the result of
340:
643:"African endemics span the tree of songbirds (Passeri): molecular systematics of several evolutionary 'enigmas'"
441:
that are slightly curved, and again the females have a slightly shorter bill, leading to differences in feeding
539:
487:
258:
160:
2230:
949:
141:
515:
The breeding behaviour and nesting habits of the two species of sugarbird are very similar. Sugarbirds are
4900:
393:
382:
307:) and the sunbirds. Molecular studies find support for few close relatives, and they are treated as a
4973:
4947:
2407:
1392:
900:
859:
705:
446:
3187:
846:
Tjørve, K; Geertsema, G.; Underhill, L. (2005). "Do sugarbirds feed on arthropods inside or outside
582:
Jobling, J.A. (2019). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.).
48:
3510:
3015:
2817:
516:
885:
Calf, K; Downs, C; Cherry, M. (2003). "Territoriality and breeding success in the Cape sugarbird (
5053:
3748:
2193:
2060:
1884:
942:
520:
69:
3256:
2273:
2159:
934:
4938:
3104:
1634:
5025:
4960:
4293:
4194:
3148:
2365:
798:
733:
674:
622:
434:
332:
316:
5030:
3956:
2865:
2351:
908:
867:
788:
778:
768:
723:
713:
664:
654:
442:
210:
4853:
3667:
3337:
2463:
2202:
1765:
1575:
904:
863:
709:
234:
to southern Africa. In general appearance and habits, they resemble large, long-tailed
4633:
4584:
4374:
4279:
4099:
3991:
3884:
3839:
3811:
3303:
3022:
3006:
2899:
2571:
2168:
1456:
1445:
793:
752:
728:
693:
669:
642:
404:
328:
312:
283:
262:
177:
57:
821:"Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers"
583:
5047:
4952:
4846:
4818:
4687:
4651:
4542:
4486:
4458:
4444:
4032:
4009:
3921:
3797:
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3696:
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3358:
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3169:
2755:
2748:
2706:
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2400:
2358:
2139:
2033:
1991:
1906:
1835:
1828:
1756:
1736:
1682:
1644:
1505:
1465:
1300:
1224:
1199:
1051:
891:
571:. Vol. 12. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 449.
496:
327:
Both species have been shown to exhibit exceptionally high genetic diversity at both
274:
183:
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4781:
4749:
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270:
169:
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during the breeding season. Females lay two eggs in a nest in a fork of a tree.
4965:
820:
751:
Haworth, Evan S.; Cunningham, Michael J.; Calf Tjorve, Kathleen M. (2018-06-13).
4999:
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4286:
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2335:
2310:
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2125:
2097:
2069:
2026:
1955:
1877:
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1381:
1341:
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1234:
1157:
1143:
1030:
566:
551:
547:
698:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
512:
formed a large part of the diet and that the insects were obtained by hawking.
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1316:
1213:
1206:
1122:
1072:
1061:
463:
336:
295:
288:
239:
31:
4923:
449:. The tongue is long and protrusible, and is tubular and frilled at the end.
4867:
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4671:
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4335:
4314:
4210:
4174:
4143:
4108:
4081:
4067:
4025:
3998:
3963:
3949:
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3703:
3601:
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3517:
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2435:
2414:
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2209:
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2040:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1935:
1779:
1671:
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1185:
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966:
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429:
308:
224:
126:
86:
17:
802:
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678:
659:
4917:
4839:
4742:
4728:
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4612:
4605:
4549:
4514:
4500:
4403:
4363:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4217:
4074:
3914:
3857:
3731:
3717:
3710:
3566:
3559:
3545:
3413:
3351:
3155:
3120:
3050:
2962:
2892:
2883:
2844:
2801:
2647:
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2536:
2491:
2484:
2442:
2428:
2386:
2379:
2282:
2223:
2083:
1964:
1924:
1891:
1807:
1716:
1548:
1093:
1040:
985:
458:
304:
231:
106:
4991:
4770:
4714:
4680:
4521:
4430:
4307:
4259:
4203:
4183:
4163:
3832:
3776:
3738:
3636:
3279:
3196:
3162:
2948:
2790:
2776:
2734:
2619:
2550:
2317:
2303:
2296:
2258:
1984:
1975:
1944:
1664:
1485:
1323:
1192:
1113:
1082:
997:
773:
300:
235:
783:
420:
5004:
4860:
4811:
3790:
3608:
3538:
3461:
3399:
3113:
2955:
2913:
2713:
2595:
979:
505:
476:
471:
96:
4894:
912:
871:
753:"Population diversity and relatedness in Sugarbirds (Promeropidae:
30:
For the bird of the
Americas sometimes known as the sugarbird, see
4832:
3970:
3907:
3900:
3427:
2019:
1725:
1494:
1289:
1178:
991:
486:
419:
251:
641:
Beresford, P.; Barker, F.K.; Ryan, P.G.; Crowe, T.M. (May 2005).
437:
and heavier than the females. Both species have long and slender
4978:
4556:
438:
227:
116:
4898:
2992:
1415:
1016:
938:
509:
475:
and are found in protea scrub. The Cape sugarbird is found in
387:
Lesotho, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, and
Zimbabwe
315:, three enigmatic African species formerly placed with the
409:
Western Cape and
Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa.
311:
family at present, although they form a clade with the
466:
are accepted, one in the north and one further south.
5064:
3744:
2813:
2674:
2601:
2584:
1640:
1630:
1545:
546:(in French and Latin). Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche.
4907:
4780:
4697:
4670:
4650:
4413:
4393:
4373:
4269:
4193:
4173:
4153:
4098:
4008:
3883:
3856:
3686:
3666:
3646:
3451:
3382:
3313:
3293:
3255:
3186:
3103:
3094:
3060:
3005:
2882:
2834:
2800:
2519:
2334:
2272:
2192:
2158:
2149:
2059:
2050:
1974:
1954:
1934:
1914:
1905:
1755:
1735:
1715:
1681:
1654:
1621:
1612:
1574:
1544:
1524:
1504:
1484:
1464:
1455:
1428:
1380:
1360:
1340:
1299:
1265:
1244:
1223:
1112:
1092:
1071:
1050:
1029:
424:Female cape sugarbird, note the protruding tongue
694:"Earth history and the passerine superradiation"
479:and has also moved into gardens and nurseries.
303:). They have also been linked to the thrushes (
621:, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 486–497,
950:
8:
428:The two sugarbird species are medium-sized
4895:
3100:
3002:
2989:
2806:
2155:
2056:
1911:
1618:
1461:
1425:
1412:
1026:
1013:
957:
943:
935:
47:
38:
792:
782:
772:
727:
717:
668:
658:
588:Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive
584:"Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology"
352:
531:
257:was introduced by the French zoologist
5069:Taxa named by Mathurin Jacques Brisson
619:. Volume 13, Penduline-tits to Shrikes
827:. International Ornithologists' Union
609:
607:
605:
281:"close to" or "similar" and the genus
273:. The name of the genus combines the
7:
692:Oliveros, C.H.; et al. (2019).
565:Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1986).
647:Proceedings of the Royal Society B
617:Handbook of the Birds of the World
25:
457:Gurney's sugarbird is found from
568:Check-list of Birds of the World
392:
370:
350:The genus contains two species:
73:
931:on the Internet Bird Collection
819:; Donsker, David, eds. (2019).
1:
519:, and male sugarbirds defend
469:Sugarbirds are dependent on
825:World Bird List Version 9.1
341:effective population sizes.
5085:
238:or some of the Australian
29:
3001:
2988:
2809:
1424:
1411:
1025:
1012:
974:
540:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
196:
191:
175:
168:
70:Scientific classification
68:
55:
46:
41:
5059:Birds of Southern Africa
969:and their extinct allies
453:Distribution and habitat
259:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
246:Taxonomy and systematics
719:10.1073/pnas.1813206116
335:loci, with no signs of
660:10.1098/rspb.2004.2997
492:
425:
490:
483:Behaviour and ecology
423:
447:convergent evolution
905:2003EmuAO.103...29C
864:2005EmuAO.105..293T
710:2019PNAS..116.7916O
850:inflorescences?".
774:10.7717/peerj.5000
493:
491:Gurney's sugarbird
426:
383:Gurney's sugarbird
317:Old World babblers
287:that contains the
5041:
5040:
5026:Open Tree of Life
4901:Taxon identifiers
4892:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4195:Paradoxornithidae
3289:
3288:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2515:
2514:
2268:
2267:
1901:
1900:
1608:
1607:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1402:
704:(16): 7916–7925.
653:(1565): 849–858.
628:978-84-96553-45-3
413:
412:
378:Promerops gurneyi
323:Genetic diversity
261:in 1760 with the
203:
202:
164:
145:
16:(Redirected from
5076:
5034:
5033:
5021:
5020:
5008:
5007:
4995:
4994:
4982:
4981:
4969:
4968:
4956:
4955:
4943:
4942:
4941:
4928:
4927:
4926:
4896:
3746:
3101:
3003:
2990:
2815:
2807:
2676:
2603:
2586:
2156:
2057:
1912:
1642:
1632:
1619:
1547:
1462:
1426:
1413:
1027:
1014:
959:
952:
945:
936:
929:Sugarbird videos
917:
916:
882:
876:
875:
843:
837:
836:
834:
832:
813:
807:
806:
796:
786:
776:
748:
742:
741:
731:
721:
689:
683:
682:
672:
662:
638:
632:
631:
611:
600:
599:
597:
595:
579:
573:
572:
562:
556:
555:
536:
495:Nectar from the
396:
374:
353:
159:
140:
78:
77:
51:
39:
21:
5084:
5083:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5044:
5043:
5042:
5037:
5029:
5024:
5016:
5011:
5003:
4998:
4990:
4985:
4977:
4972:
4964:
4959:
4951:
4946:
4937:
4936:
4931:
4922:
4921:
4916:
4903:
4893:
4880:
4854:Tephrozosterops
4776:
4693:
4666:
4646:
4409:
4389:
4369:
4265:
4189:
4169:
4149:
4094:
4004:
3879:
3852:
3682:
3668:Erythrocercidae
3662:
3642:
3447:
3378:
3338:Cryptosylvicola
3309:
3285:
3251:
3182:
3090:
3056:
2997:
2968:
2878:
2830:
2796:
2511:
2330:
2264:
2188:
2145:
2046:
1970:
1950:
1930:
1897:
1766:Campylorhynchus
1751:
1731:
1711:
1677:
1650:
1604:
1576:Ptiliogonatidae
1570:
1540:
1520:
1500:
1480:
1451:
1420:
1399:
1376:
1356:
1336:
1295:
1261:
1240:
1219:
1108:
1088:
1067:
1046:
1021:
1008:
970:
963:
925:
920:
913:10.1071/MU01071
887:Promerops cafer
884:
883:
879:
872:10.1071/MU04042
845:
844:
840:
830:
828:
815:
814:
810:
750:
749:
745:
691:
690:
686:
640:
639:
635:
629:
613:
612:
603:
593:
591:
590:. Lynx Edicions
581:
580:
576:
564:
563:
559:
538:
537:
533:
529:
485:
455:
435:slightly larger
418:
400:Promerops cafer
359:Scientific name
348:
325:
267:Promerops cafer
248:
187:
181:
158:
139:
72:
62:Promerops cafer
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5082:
5080:
5072:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5046:
5045:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5022:
5009:
4996:
4983:
4970:
4957:
4944:
4929:
4913:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4899:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4885:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4871:
4864:
4857:
4850:
4843:
4836:
4829:
4822:
4815:
4808:
4801:
4794:
4786:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4767:
4760:
4753:
4746:
4739:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4703:
4701:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4684:
4676:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4656:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4645:
4644:
4637:
4634:Thescelocichla
4630:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4588:
4585:Phyllastrephus
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4469:
4462:
4455:
4448:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4419:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4407:
4399:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4379:
4377:
4375:Phylloscopidae
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4360:
4353:
4346:
4339:
4332:
4325:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4290:
4283:
4280:Gampsorhynchus
4275:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4256:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4199:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4179:
4177:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4159:
4157:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4104:
4102:
4100:Macrosphenidae
4096:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4014:
4012:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3995:
3992:Trochalopteron
3988:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3897:
3889:
3887:
3885:Leiothrichidae
3881:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3870:
3862:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3843:
3840:Stelgidopteryx
3836:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3812:Pseudochelidon
3808:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3742:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3692:
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3672:
3670:
3664:
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3465:
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3449:
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3403:
3396:
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3348:
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3327:
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3308:
3307:
3299:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3261:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3214:
3207:
3200:
3192:
3190:
3188:Certhilaudinae
3184:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3109:
3107:
3098:
3092:
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3074:
3066:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3023:Calamonastides
3019:
3011:
3009:
3007:Acrocephalidae
2999:
2998:
2993:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2900:Chlamydochaera
2896:
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2877:
2876:
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2855:
2848:
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2644:
2637:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2609:
2599:
2592:
2582:
2575:
2572:Cinnyricinclus
2568:
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2153:
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2030:
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2016:
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1623:incertae sedis
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1457:Bombycilloidea
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923:External links
921:
919:
918:
877:
858:(4): 293–297.
838:
808:
743:
684:
633:
627:
601:
574:
557:
552:Vol. 2, p. 460
530:
528:
525:
497:inflorescences
484:
481:
454:
451:
417:
414:
411:
410:
407:
405:Cape sugarbird
402:
397:
389:
388:
385:
380:
375:
367:
366:
363:
360:
357:
347:
344:
329:microsatellite
324:
321:
319:and thrushes.
313:Modulatricidae
263:Cape sugarbird
247:
244:
219:, and family,
201:
200:
194:
193:
189:
188:
182:
173:
172:
166:
165:
151:
147:
146:
134:
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119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
58:Cape sugarbird
53:
52:
44:
43:
27:Genus of birds
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5081:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5032:
5027:
5023:
5019:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5001:
4997:
4993:
4988:
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4980:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4962:
4958:
4954:
4949:
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4925:
4919:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4897:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4858:
4856:
4855:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4847:Sterrhoptilus
4844:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4819:Megazosterops
4816:
4814:
4813:
4809:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4800:
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4795:
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4792:
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4712:
4710:
4709:
4705:
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4702:
4700:
4696:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4663:
4662:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4652:Scotocercidae
4649:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4631:
4629:
4628:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4617:
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4610:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4594:
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4530:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4487:Calyptocichla
4484:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4475:
4474:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4459:Arizelocichla
4456:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4445:Altimastillas
4442:
4440:
4439:
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4428:
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4400:
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4380:
4378:
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4372:
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4358:
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4351:
4347:
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4340:
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4337:
4333:
4331:
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4324:
4323:
4319:
4317:
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4312:
4310:
4309:
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4268:
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4192:
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4145:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4101:
4097:
4091:
4090:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4079:
4077:
4076:
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4070:
4069:
4065:
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4058:
4056:
4055:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4044:
4042:
4041:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4033:Cincloramphus
4030:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4010:Locustellidae
4007:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3922:Grammatoptila
3919:
3917:
3916:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3849:
3848:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3800:
3799:
3798:Psalidoprocne
3795:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3770:Petrochelidon
3767:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3697:Alopochelidon
3694:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3677:Erythrocercus
3674:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3578:
3576:
3575:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3553:Micromacronus
3550:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3282:
3281:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3273:Heteromirafra
3270:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3170:Melanocorypha
3167:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2818:Meridiocichla
2812:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2756:Speculipastor
2753:
2751:
2750:
2749:Scissirostrum
2746:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2700:Onychognathus
2697:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2457:Myrmecocichla
2454:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2401:Heteroxenicus
2398:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2359:Campicoloides
2356:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2140:Xenocopsychus
2137:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2034:Ramphocinclus
2031:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1992:Cinclocerthia
1989:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1907:Muscicapoidea
1904:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1836:Odontorchilus
1833:
1831:
1830:
1829:Microcerculus
1826:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1757:Troglodytidae
1754:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1737:Tichodromidae
1734:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1683:Polioptilidae
1680:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1645:Kischinskinia
1639:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1506:Hylocitreidae
1503:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1466:Bombycillidae
1463:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1301:Stenostiridae
1298:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:Picathartidae
1222:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1200:Pseudopodoces
1197:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:Chloropseidae
1049:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1005:
1001:
999:
995:
993:
989:
987:
983:
981:
977:
976:
973:
968:
960:
955:
953:
948:
946:
941:
940:
937:
930:
927:
926:
922:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
893:
888:
881:
878:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
842:
839:
826:
822:
818:
812:
809:
804:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
766:
762:
758:
756:
747:
744:
739:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
688:
685:
680:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
652:
648:
644:
637:
634:
630:
624:
620:
618:
610:
608:
606:
602:
589:
585:
578:
575:
570:
569:
561:
558:
553:
549:
548:Vol. 1, p. 34
545:
541:
535:
532:
526:
524:
522:
518:
513:
511:
507:
502:
498:
489:
482:
480:
478:
474:
473:
467:
465:
460:
452:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
431:
422:
415:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
395:
391:
390:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
373:
369:
368:
365:Distribution
364:
361:
358:
355:
354:
351:
345:
343:
342:
338:
334:
333:mitochondrial
330:
322:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
297:
292:
290:
286:
285:
280:
276:
275:Ancient Greek
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
253:
245:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
226:
222:
218:
217:
212:
208:
199:
195:
190:
185:
180:
179:
174:
171:
167:
162:
157:
156:
152:
149:
148:
143:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
127:Passeriformes
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4953:Promeropidae
4939:Promeropidae
4909:Promeropidae
4908:
4873:
4866:
4859:
4852:
4845:
4838:
4831:
4824:
4817:
4810:
4805:Dasycrotapha
4803:
4796:
4789:
4782:Zosteropidae
4769:
4762:
4755:
4750:Pomatorhinus
4748:
4741:
4736:Melanocichla
4734:
4727:
4722:Erythrogenys
4720:
4713:
4706:
4686:
4679:
4659:
4641:Tricholestes
4639:
4632:
4627:Stelgidillas
4625:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4590:
4583:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4513:
4506:
4499:
4494:Chlorocichla
4492:
4485:
4480:Brachypodius
4478:
4471:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4436:
4429:
4422:
4415:Pycnonotidae
4402:
4384:Phylloscopus
4382:
4362:
4357:Schoeniparus
4355:
4348:
4341:
4334:
4329:Malacopteron
4327:
4322:Malacocincla
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:Pellorneidae
4258:
4251:
4246:Paradoxornis
4244:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4182:
4162:
4142:
4135:
4128:
4123:Macrosphenus
4121:
4114:
4107:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4024:
4017:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3948:
3941:
3936:Ianthocincla
3934:
3929:Heterophasia
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3892:
3872:
3865:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3826:Pygochelidon
3824:
3819:Ptyonoprogne
3817:
3810:
3805:Pseudhirundo
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3688:Hirundinidae
3675:
3655:
3648:Donacobiidae
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3483:Calamonastes
3481:
3476:Bathmocercus
3474:
3467:
3460:
3453:Cisticolidae
3440:
3433:
3426:
3421:Phyllergates
3419:
3412:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3302:
3278:
3271:
3266:Calendulauda
3264:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3211:Ammomanopsis
3209:
3202:
3195:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3140:
3135:Chersophilus
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3085:Psaltriparus
3083:
3078:Leptopoecile
3076:
3069:
3062:Aegithalidae
3049:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3016:Acrocephalus
3014:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2921:Entomodestes
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2871:
2864:
2859:Neocossyphus
2857:
2850:
2843:
2823:
2816:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2770:Streptocitta
2768:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2667:
2660:
2655:Lamprotornis
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2613:Goodfellowia
2611:
2604:
2594:
2587:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2542:
2535:
2530:Acridotheres
2528:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2345:Brachypteryx
2343:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2281:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2181:
2176:Cercotrichas
2174:
2167:
2151:Muscicapinae
2138:
2133:Swynnertonia
2131:
2124:
2117:
2112:Pogonocichla
2110:
2103:
2096:
2091:Cossyphicula
2089:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2052:Muscicapidae
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1963:
1943:
1923:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1871:Thryorchilus
1869:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1843:Pheugopedius
1841:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1787:Cinnycerthia
1785:
1778:
1773:Cantorchilus
1771:
1764:
1744:
1724:
1706:Ramphocaenus
1704:
1697:
1690:
1670:
1663:
1643:
1633:
1622:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1563:
1556:
1533:
1526:Hypocoliidae
1513:
1493:
1473:
1444:
1437:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1310:Chelidorhynx
1308:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1254:
1246:Promeropidae
1233:
1212:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1172:Pardaliparus
1170:
1165:Melanochlora
1163:
1156:
1151:Machlolophus
1149:
1142:
1137:Cephalopyrus
1135:
1128:
1121:
1101:
1081:
1060:
1039:
1002:Infraorder:
899:(1): 29–35.
896:
890:
886:
880:
855:
851:
847:
841:
829:. Retrieved
824:
811:
764:
760:
754:
746:
701:
697:
687:
650:
646:
636:
615:
592:. Retrieved
587:
577:
567:
560:
543:
534:
514:
500:
494:
470:
468:
456:
427:
399:
377:
349:
326:
293:
282:
278:
271:type species
266:
254:
249:
221:Promeropidae
220:
215:
214:
209:are a small
206:
204:
197:
178:Merops cafer
176:
170:Type species
154:
153:
137:Promeropidae
136:
61:
36:
18:Promeropidae
5000:iNaturalist
4933:Wikispecies
4875:Zosterornis
4791:Apalopteron
4757:Spelaeornis
4592:Poliolophus
4564:Microtarsus
4395:Pnoepygidae
4350:Ptilocichla
4287:Graminicola
4253:Rhopophilus
4155:Nicatoridae
4137:Sphenoeacus
4089:Schoenicola
4047:Helopsaltes
4040:Elaphrornis
4019:Bradypterus
3985:Pterorhinus
3978:Montecincla
3874:Pholidornis
3847:Tachycineta
3784:Phedinopsis
3763:Orochelidon
3749:Miochelidon
3623:Schistolais
3616:Scepomycter
3574:Oreophilais
3504:Drymocichla
3490:Camaroptera
3373:Xanthomixis
3315:Bernieridae
3295:Alcippeidae
3246:Ramphocoris
3239:Pinarocorys
3232:Eremopterix
3225:Chersomanes
3218:Certhilauda
3128:Calandrella
2836:Myadestinae
2641:Hartlaubius
2579:Creatophora
2558:Arizelopsar
2478:Pinarochroa
2471:Phoenicurus
2336:Saxicolinae
2311:Leucoptilon
2238:Melaenornis
2194:Muscicapini
2126:Stiphrornis
2098:Dessonornis
2070:Chamaetylas
2061:Erithacinae
2027:Oreoscoptes
1956:Elachuridae
1885:Troglodytes
1878:Thryothorus
1864:Thryophilus
1822:Hylorchilus
1815:Henicorhina
1801:Cyphorhinus
1794:Cistothorus
1614:Certhioidea
1599:Ptiliogonys
1592:Phainoptila
1585:Phainopepla
1558:Chaetoptila
1418:Muscicapida
1393:Passeroidea
1382:Passeroidea
1371:See below ↓
1351:See below ↓
1342:Muscicapida
1276:Anthoscopus
1235:Picathartes
1158:Melaniparus
1144:Lophophanes
1031:Chaetopidae
817:Gill, Frank
521:territories
416:Description
362:Common Name
240:honeyeaters
5048:Categories
4826:Parayuhina
4798:Cleptornis
4708:Cyanoderma
4699:Timaliidae
4661:Scotocerca
4599:Pycnonotus
4529:Hypsipetes
4508:Euptilotus
4452:Andropadus
4438:Alophoixus
4424:Acritillas
4343:Pellorneum
4301:Illadopsis
4294:Gypsophila
4130:Melocichla
4116:Cryptillas
4054:Locustella
3894:Actinodura
3756:Neophedina
3725:Cheramoeca
3657:Donacobius
3630:Spiloptila
3595:Phyllolais
3588:Phragmacia
3581:Orthotomus
3532:Hypergerus
3469:Artisornis
3393:Abroscopus
3366:Thamnornis
3345:Hartertula
3331:Crossleyia
3257:Mirafrinae
3177:Spizocorys
3149:Eremophila
3142:Eremalauda
3071:Aegithalos
3030:Chloropeta
2995:Sylvioidea
2935:Hylocichla
2907:Cichlopsis
2873:Stizorhina
2825:Pinarornis
2784:Sturnornis
2763:Spodiopsar
2742:Saroglossa
2728:Rhabdornis
2693:Notopholia
2606:Fregilupus
2589:Cryptopsar
2565:Basilornis
2544:Ampeliceps
2499:Thamnolaea
2422:Leonardina
2394:Heinrichia
2373:Emarginata
2366:Cinclidium
2290:Cyanoptila
2274:Niltavinae
2252:Namibornis
2217:Empidornis
2160:Copsychini
2119:Sheppardia
2077:Cichladusa
1916:Buphagidae
1857:Thryomanes
1850:Salpinctes
1746:Tichodroma
1699:Polioptila
1692:Microbates
1656:Certhiidae
1535:Hypocolius
1515:Hylocitrea
1475:Bombycilla
1362:Sylvioidea
1331:Stenostira
1317:Culicicapa
1214:Sylviparus
1207:Sittiparus
1123:Baeolophus
1073:Hyliotidae
1062:Chloropsis
996:Suborder:
967:passerides
965:Genera of
784:2263/66416
527:References
517:monogamous
464:subspecies
430:passerines
339:and large
337:inbreeding
296:honeyeater
289:bee-eaters
232:restricted
207:sugarbirds
198:See text.
42:Sugarbird
32:Bananaquit
5054:Promerops
4868:Zosterops
4764:Stachyris
4672:Sylviidae
4571:Neolestes
4466:Baeopogon
4336:Napothera
4315:Laticilla
4211:Chrysomma
4175:Panuridae
4144:Sylvietta
4109:Achaetops
4082:Robsonius
4068:Megalurus
4026:Catriscus
3999:Turdoides
3964:Liocichla
3957:Leiothrix
3950:Leioptila
3943:Laniellus
3704:Atronanus
3602:Poliolais
3525:Euryptila
3518:Eremomela
3497:Cisticola
3442:Urosphena
3435:Tickellia
3407:Hemitesia
3384:Cettiidae
3324:Bernieria
3204:Ammomanes
3105:Alaudinae
3096:Alaudidae
3037:Hippolais
2942:Ridgwayia
2928:Geokichla
2852:Myadestes
2721:Poeoptera
2686:Neocichla
2679:Necropsar
2662:Leucopsar
2627:Gracupica
2521:Sturnidae
2506:Vauriella
2450:Myophonus
2436:Monticola
2415:Larvivora
2325:Sholicola
2245:Muscicapa
2231:Humblotia
2210:Bradornis
2183:Copsychus
2105:Erithacus
2041:Toxostoma
2013:Melanotis
2006:Margarops
1999:Dumetella
1936:Cinclidae
1780:Catherpes
1672:Salpornis
1635:Certhiops
1439:Corthylio
1430:Regulidae
1283:Auriparus
1267:Remizidae
1256:Promerops
1186:Periparus
1130:Cyanistes
1019:Passerida
1004:Passerida
978:Kingdom:
767:: e5000.
755:Promerops
309:monotypic
269:) as the
255:Promerops
225:passerine
216:Promerops
155:Promerops
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
4918:Wikidata
4840:Staphida
4743:Mixornis
4729:Macronus
4620:Spizixos
4613:Setornis
4606:Rubigula
4550:Ixonotus
4515:Eurillas
4501:Criniger
4404:Pnoepyga
4364:Turdinus
4239:Myzornis
4232:Moupinia
4225:Lioparus
4218:Fulvetta
4075:Poodytes
3915:Garrulax
3858:Hyliidae
3732:Delichon
3718:Cecropis
3711:Atticora
3567:Oreolais
3560:Neomixis
3546:Malcorus
3414:Horornis
3352:Oxylabes
3156:Galerida
3121:Alaudala
3051:Nesillas
2963:Zoothera
2893:Catharus
2884:Turdinae
2845:Grandala
2802:Turdidae
2648:Hylopsar
2634:Grafisia
2537:Agropsar
2492:Tarsiger
2485:Saxicola
2464:Oenanthe
2443:Myiomela
2429:Luscinia
2387:Ficedula
2380:Enicurus
2352:Calliope
2283:Anthipes
2224:Fraseria
2203:Agricola
2084:Cossypha
1965:Elachura
1925:Buphagus
1892:Uropsila
1808:Ferminia
1717:Sittidae
1549:Mohoidae
1094:Irenidae
1041:Chaetops
986:Chordata
984:Phylum:
980:Animalia
803:29915704
738:30936315
679:15888418
542:(1760).
459:Zimbabwe
305:Turdidae
301:sunbirds
236:sunbirds
192:Species
184:Linnaeus
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
5031:3599437
4992:5788708
4979:4422700
4924:Q855761
4771:Timalia
4715:Dumetia
4681:Curruca
4522:Hemixos
4431:Alcurus
4308:Kenopia
4260:Suthora
4204:Chamaea
4184:Panurus
4164:Nicator
3833:Riparia
3777:Phedina
3739:Hirundo
3637:Urolais
3304:Alcippe
3280:Mirafra
3197:Alaemon
3163:Lullula
2949:Ixoreus
2791:Sturnus
2777:Sturnia
2735:Sarcops
2620:Gracula
2551:Aplonis
2318:Niltava
2304:Eumyias
2297:Cyornis
2259:Sigelus
1985:Allenia
1976:Mimidae
1945:Cinclus
1665:Certhia
1486:Dulidae
1446:Regulus
1324:Elminia
1193:Poecile
1114:Paridae
1083:Hyliota
998:Passeri
990:Class:
901:Bibcode
860:Bibcode
831:4 April
794:6004301
729:6475423
706:Bibcode
670:1599865
594:3 April
499:of the
346:Species
161:Brisson
150:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
5018:915674
4861:Yuhina
4812:Heleia
4688:Sylvia
4543:Ixodia
3791:Progne
3609:Prinia
3539:Incana
3511:Eminia
3462:Apalis
3400:Cettia
3359:Randia
3114:Alauda
2956:Turdus
2914:Cochoa
2866:Sialia
2714:Pholia
2707:Pastor
2596:Enodes
2408:Irania
2169:Alethe
848:Protea
801:
791:
757:spp.)"
736:
726:
677:
667:
625:
506:Apidae
501:Protea
477:fynbos
472:Protea
443:niches
284:Merops
186:, 1758
163:, 1760
144:, 1825
142:Vigors
5005:71357
4833:Rukia
4473:Bleda
4061:Malia
3971:Minla
3908:Cutia
3901:Argya
3867:Hylia
3428:Tesia
3044:Iduna
2020:Mimus
1726:Sitta
1495:Dulus
1290:Remiz
1179:Parus
1103:Irena
761:PeerJ
510:flies
439:bills
356:Image
252:genus
228:birds
223:, of
211:genus
56:Male
5013:ITIS
4987:GBIF
4557:Ixos
4536:Iole
2669:Mino
1565:Moho
1391:See
992:Aves
889:)".
833:2019
799:PMID
734:PMID
675:PMID
623:ISBN
596:2019
508:and
331:and
277:προ
250:The
205:The
117:Aves
4974:EoL
4966:F37
4961:CoL
4948:ADW
4578:Nok
909:doi
897:103
892:Emu
868:doi
856:105
852:Emu
789:PMC
779:hdl
769:doi
724:PMC
714:doi
702:116
665:PMC
655:doi
651:272
279:pro
5050::
5028::
5015::
5002::
4989::
4976::
4963::
4950::
4935::
4920::
907:.
895:.
866:.
854:.
823:.
797:.
787:.
777:.
763:.
759:.
732:.
722:.
712:.
700:.
696:.
673:.
663:.
649:.
645:.
604:^
586:.
550:,
291:.
230:,
213:,
64:)
3745:†
2814:†
2675:†
2602:†
2585:†
1641:†
1631:†
1546:†
1248:?
1227:?
1075:?
1054:?
1033:?
958:e
951:t
944:v
915:.
911::
903::
874:.
870::
862::
835:.
805:.
781::
771::
765:6
740:.
716::
708::
681:.
657::
598:.
554:.
265:(
60:(
34:.
20:)
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