419:
408:
569:(r. 1448–1481) was born from a Rinpung princess and in turn married a Rinpungpa daughter. He was not able to stop the advances of his powerful vassal. Norzang himself married Kunga Lekpa's sister, further emphasizing the elaborated net of kinship ties between the two families. While still acknowledging the Phagmodrupa, the Rinpungpa subsequently built up a strong position, bearing the title
286:
630:. His policy towards the Phagmodrupa was one of confrontation. The king Kunga Lekpa lived in a conflict-ridden marriage with the Rinpung princess, which added to the rift. Her kinsman Donyo Dorje eventually invaded the central domain of the king in 1480. In the following year a conference was convened in the Phagmodrupa capital
720:, and such was given. In fact, however, the Rinpungpa continued to wield power over Tsang on their own accord. The following decades were marked by a confusing succession of clashes and temporary reconciliations between the factions of Central Tibet. In 1532 the Rinpungpa domains were briefly threatened by an invasion by the
565:, from the governor of the Chonggye family. This is traditionally said to have taken place in 1435, though the more likely date is 1446. Samdrubtse was a very strategic spot and the key to power over Tsang. In the following years Norzang expanded his influence over Tsang, Rong and Shang. His kinsman, the Phagmodrupa king
692:, were adverse to being closely controlled by the secular lords. They therefore strove to once again stabilize the long-effaced Phagmodrupa rule. In the early sixteenth century Ngawang Tashi Drakpa of the Phagmodrupa managed to regain a degree of influence, pushing out the new Rinpung lords Zilnonpa and
777:
who extolled the achievements of the
Phagmodrupa kings at the expense of the Rinpung lords, who were depicted as a destabilizing, power-hungry force. One may note, however, that their grab of power only began after the Phagmodrupa regime had started to decline due to internal squabbles. The chronicle
755:
The
Rinpungpa survived in their heartland Rong and periodically tried to revive their fortune. They staged an abortive attack on Kyishö in Ü in 1575 and quarreled with the Tsangpa ruler in the next few years. After the Tsang-Rong war of 1589 their power was exhausted, and they were forced to
558:, a strong personality who expanded the fortunes of the family on a Tibet-wide level. He increased his control over territories in Shang, Tag, Ling and Kyur and was the patron of the Jamchen Monastery, founded in 1427. He also founded the Kyemotsal Monastery in Dzongkar in 1437.
798:(d. 1597), was a gifted author whose works are still read. The family eventually fell from power for the same reasons as the Phagmodrupa: they had to uphold a fragile balance among autonomous local lords which broke down when a number of dissatisfied elements sided with the new
549:
in Rong, a region in Tsang in an unknown year before 1373. His political position was strengthened by the marriage with the
Phagmodrupa princess Sönam Palmö. Their daughter in turn was given in marriage to Sangye Gyaltsen, a Phagmodrupa prince, and gave birth to the later ruler
764:
The significance of the
Rinpungpa is difficult to assess due to the terseness of the written sources. They upheld political hegemony in Tsang for 120–130 years, but little is known in detail of administrative and economic issues. Their relationship with the Chinese
659:. The years around 1500 saw the high tide of Rinpungpa power, and the authority of Donyo Dorje was almost absolute, being supported by the Karmapa and Shamarpa hierarchs. There was also a political expansion to the west. In 1499 the important kingdom of
1047:. Beijing: New World Press, p. 73, Namkha Gyaltsen was officially established as regional lord by the Ming Dynasty in 1416. Judging from Tibetan data this is incorrect, since Namkha Gyaltsen was long dead at the time; see Olaf Czaja (2013), p. 483.
786:(1643), gives a more balanced picture: although sometimes characterized as devious and beset by "fierce pride", the rulers had great cultural and religious interests. They funded new monasteries, commissioned precious artwork such as gilded
625:
hierarch of the Karma Kagyu sect. This included comprehensive economic dispositions; 2,800 nomadic households were donated to the
Shamarpa for providing butter-lamp offerings, and all the monks of Yangpachen were granted a daily measure of
1629:
683:
between 1498 and 1517. After the deaths of the powerful princes Tsokye Dorje (1510) and Donyo Dorje (1512), however, the power of the
Rinpungpa declined. In spite of Rinpungpa patronage the hierarchs of the Karma Kagyu,
642:
The agreement did not put an end to the endemic political turbulence in
Central Tibet. The Rinpungpa proceeded to defeat various regional lords and increase their power. In 1485 they attacked the important estate
617:, the most powerful figure of the line. While pursuing an aggressive and warlike policy to achieve domination over Central Tibet, he also stood out as a religious patron. Thus he sponsored the foundation of the
1594:
1589:
2244:
554:(r. 1432–1445). The son of Namkha Gyaltsen was Namkha Gyalpo who took over the Rinpung estate at the age of 14 and held a number of ministerial positions. He was succeeded in 1413 by his young son
1619:
1404:
561:
The
Rinpungpa took advantage of a family feud within the Phagmodrupa Dynasty in 1434. With the united troops from Rong and Shang, Norzang seized the important place Samdrubtse, modern
1944:
1850:
864:
1561:
1949:
716:
An agreement between the factions of Ü and Tsang was reached in 1518. The nominal head of the
Rinpungpa, the boy Zilnonpa, asked the king for investiture as
675:
Due to pressure from the
Rinpungpa, who favoured the Karma Kagyu, the Gelugpa school were forbidden to participate in the new year celebration and the great
1977:
1541:
447:
647:
and captured the lord of Yung. New turbulence arose in 1489 and again allowed the Rinpungpa to keep the upper hand. Two years later Donyo Dorje's uncle
1825:
1409:
1526:
1267:
1210:
396:
1136:
2207:
1318:
1164:
1065:
1117:
1889:
1399:
365:
1021:
Substance and sense: Objects of power in the life, writings, and legacy of the Tibetan ritual master Sog bzlog pa Blo gros rgyal mtshan
1504:
1459:
1024:
2351:
1531:
634:
where the Rinpung princes participated. In the end Kunga Lekpa was forced to abdicate in favour of a nephew, a relative non-entity.
744:, who was governor of Shigatse since 1548, rebelled against his lord. In 1565, finally, the learned and cultivated Rinpungpa ruler
1444:
1484:
2321:
2202:
2036:
1177:
602:
505:
between 1435 and 1565. During one period around 1500 the Rinpungpa lords came close to assembling the Tibetan lands around the
234:
209:
2361:
2356:
1879:
1845:
1654:
1257:
440:
1894:
1695:
725:
1551:
2295:
1899:
1741:
1380:
1702:
1494:
1454:
1200:
829:
693:
381:
609:. After the death of Norzang in 1466 the fortunes of the Rinpungpa took a downturn for a while under his obscure son
1982:
1911:
1904:
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1429:
1157:
1987:
1921:
1774:
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704:), which at this stage did not exclude heartily relations with the Karma Kagyu. The direct power of Rinpungpa in
433:
386:
265:
1330:
1300:
1272:
350:
2111:
1624:
2278:
1939:
1837:
1690:
1685:
1205:
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585:
sects in this period made it crucial for secular rulers to seek support from religious networks. In Tibetan
538:
391:
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1568:
1085:
1519:
1479:
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360:
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2128:
2123:
2100:
1867:
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kingdom in West Tibet in 1555, which was badly defeated. In 1557 one of the retainers of the Rinpungpa,
518:
506:
472:
355:
320:
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1604:
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139:
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407:
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2011:
1857:
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was defeated by Karma Tseten through a surprise attack. In that way Karma Tseten founded the new
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2016:
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65:
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1965:
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24:
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capitulate in 1590. Local Rinpungpa princes are known up to the early 17th century.
2197:
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2143:
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2073:
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1392:
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1375:
1239:
928:
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502:
300:
936:
2046:
1760:
88:
736:. The waning of Rinpungpa power was marked by an abortive invasion of the
1716:
1295:
689:
644:
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594:
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55:
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2138:
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335:
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114:
95:
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1712:
1595:
29-Article Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet (1793)
1590:
13-Article Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet (1751)
1355:
787:
721:
676:
601:. However, the early Rinpungpa lords supported other sects such as
2249:
2068:
2058:
1931:
1620:
Convention Between Great Britain and China Respecting Tibet (1906)
1173:
1139:, A Survey of Tibetan History by Alexander Berzin, Study Buddhism.
752:
Dynasty which would rule large parts of Central Tibet up to 1642.
680:
498:
252:
1142:
1795:
1790:
1290:
769:
seems to have been indirect at best. The most detailed account,
660:
1146:
2026:
696:
from Lhasa. He was friendly disposed to the Gelugpa leader
589:
the members of the family are famous as the patrons of the
509:
under one authority, but their powers receded after 1512.
913:"On the History of Refining Mercury in Tibetan Medicine"
1645:
Sino-Indian Trade Agreement over Tibetan Border (1954)
1630:
Treaty of friendship and alliance with Mongolia (1913)
613:. This person died in the 1470s and was succeeded by
2164:
2000:
1964:
1930:
1824:
1783:
1668:
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1420:
1224:
1193:
1184:
248:
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133:
121:
108:
94:
81:
71:
61:
51:
32:
1043:According to Wang Furen & Suo Wenqing (1984),
1137:4 - The Pagmodru, Rinpung, and Tsangpa Hegemonies
832:1512–1544 (son of Tsokye Dorje, a son of Norzang)
1102:, New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
541:, who held power over Ü-Tsang. He was appointed
529:. One of their line, Namkha Gyaltsen, served as
525:) clan, which is traced back to the days of the
667:(West Tibet) had to acknowledge the Rinpungpa.
865:Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty
1562:Self-immolation protests by Tibetans in China
1158:
1072:. Bloomington: Indiana University, pp. 161-5.
708:(East Central Tibet) was henceforth limited.
651:took power as regent in the Phagmodrupa seat
441:
8:
655:(1491–1499) during the minority of the heir
2004:
1970:
1830:
1678:
1674:
1190:
1165:
1151:
1143:
1023:, PhD Thesis, Harvard University, p. 181.
448:
434:
259:
29:
962:. Dharamsala: Tho.ling gtsug.lag, p. 536.
533:(minister of internal affairs) under the
881:
501:dynastic regime that dominated much of
373:
273:
262:
1319:Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs
1400:People's Republic of China (PRC) rule
597:, which was sometimes opposed to the
484:
171:
161:
157:
132:
120:
107:
103:
93:
7:
1527:1938–1939 German expedition to Tibet
712:External threats and fall from power
700:(posthumously counted as the second
517:The Rinpungpa belonged to the Ger (
19:For Rinpung in other contexts, see
1505:Chinese expedition to Tibet (1910)
1460:Chinese expedition to Tibet (1720)
1092:, London: Oxford University Press.
14:
1542:Protests and uprisings since 1950
1532:1939 Japanese expedition to Tibet
1112:, Roma: La Libreria dello Stato.
581:The increasing importance of the
1650:70,000 Character Petition (1962)
1640:Seventeen Point Agreement (1951)
1008:Das Königreich Mangyul Gungthang
417:
406:
284:
232:
207:
1625:Anglo-Russian Convention (1907)
1066:Ngag-dBang Blo-bZang rGya-mTSHo
1880:Patron and priest relationship
1846:Central Tibetan Administration
1655:Memorandum on Genuine Autonomy
960:The kingdoms of Gu.ge Pu.hrang
605:and its important philosopher
1:
2245:Historical and cultural sites
1610:Convention of Calcutta (1890)
1045:Highlights of Tibetan history
1034:Olaf Czaja (2013), pp. 492-3.
1010:, Vol. I. Bonn: GmbH, p. 577.
901:Olaf Czaja (2013), pp. 483-4.
728:, operating on the orders of
726:Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat
638:Height of political authority
16:Tibetan regime in 1435 - 1565
1585:Treaty of Tingmosgang (1684)
794:, and at least one of them,
784:The Song of the Spring Queen
1605:Treaty of Thapathali (1856)
1495:British expedition to Tibet
1485:Nepal-Tibet War (1855–1856)
1455:Battle of the Salween River
2378:
1978:Postage and postal history
1430:Tibetan attack on Songzhou
1100:Tibet: A Political History
1056:Olaf Czaja (2013), p. 253.
984:Olaf Czaja (2013), p. 255.
949:Olaf Czaja (2013), p. 487.
911:Czaja, Olaf (2013-09-17).
577:Confrontation and invasion
18:
2308:
2007:
1973:
1833:
1681:
1677:
1440:Mongol invasions of Tibet
929:10.1163/15734218-12341290
494:
468:
186:
182:
158:
146:
104:
46:
2352:Former kingdoms in Tibet
1838:Tibet Autonomous Region
1600:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
1552:1987–1989 Tibetan unrest
1131:Deb t'er dmar po gsar ma
361:13th and 14th Dalai Lama
1945:TAR People's Government
1905:Serfs' Emancipation Day
1445:Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war
1110:Tibetan Painted Scrolls
892:. Wien: ÖAW, pp. 481-2.
860:List of rulers of Tibet
773:(1538), was written by
545:(governor) of the fief
539:Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen
1615:Treaty of Lhasa (1904)
1569:Special Frontier Force
1006:K.H. Everding (2000),
890:Medieval rule in Tibet
174:• Disestablished
2362:16th century in Tibet
2357:15th century in Tibet
1988:Qinghai–Tibet railway
1983:Qinghai-Tibet Highway
1950:TAR People's Congress
1922:India–Tibet relations
1895:Independence movement
1547:1959 Tibetan uprising
1435:Battle of Dafei River
1283:Era of Fragmentation
1096:Tsepon W. D. Shakabpa
1090:Tibet and its History
1019:James Gentry (2013),
507:Yarlung Tsangpo River
62:Common languages
2296:Traditional medicine
1510:Xinhai Lhasa turmoil
1331:Relations with Ming
1301:Relations with Song
1273:Relations with Tang
1211:European exploration
993:L. Deshayes (1997),
842:Ngawang Jigme Drakpa
796:Ngawang Jigme Drakpa
775:Panchen Sonam Dragpa
746:Ngawang Jigme Drakpa
671:Setbacks in the east
657:Ngawang Tashi Drakpa
619:Yangpachen Monastery
397:European exploration
351:Ming–Tibet relations
316:Era of Fragmentation
140:Ngawang Jigme Drakpa
1940:Regional Government
1917:CIA Tibetan program
1900:Serfdom controversy
1784:Traditional regions
1635:Simla Accord (1914)
1557:2008 Tibetan unrest
1381:List of Qing ambans
1326:Phagmodrupa dynasty
975:Bloomington, p. 56.
971:H. Hoffman (1986),
888:Olaf Czaja (2013),
844:1547–1565 (brother)
836:Dondup Tseten Dorje
486:[rĩ̀púŋpə́]
326:Phagmodrupa dynasty
215:Phagmodrupa Dynasty
164:• Established
2254:(ceremonial scarf)
2225:Dzong architecture
2042:Imperial Preceptor
1912:Sovereignty debate
1858:Etymology of Tibet
1470:Lhasa riot of 1750
1465:Jinchuan campaigns
1450:Battle of Dartsedo
1368:Qing dynasty rule
1311:Yuan dynasty rule
1285:(9th–13th century)
1123:bSod nams grags pa
1086:Hugh E. Richardson
1070:A history of Tibet
973:Tibet. A Handbook.
958:R. Vitali (1996),
826:c. 1479–1512 (son)
820:1466–c. 1479 (son)
771:The New Red Annals
2339:
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2303:
1996:
1995:
1960:
1959:
1863:Foreign relations
1820:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1664:
1663:
1520:Qinghai–Tibet War
1490:Sikkim expedition
1480:Dogra–Tibetan War
1475:Sino-Nepalese War
1410:political leaders
1388:Post-Qing to 1950
1341:Rinpungpa dynasty
1252:(7th–9th century)
1118:978-1-878529-39-8
997:. Fayard, p. 137.
995:Histoire du Tibet
738:Mangyül Gungthang
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331:Rinpungpa dynasty
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135:• 1547－1565
123:• 1479－1512
110:• 1435－1466
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1515:Sino-Tibetan War
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855:History of Tibet
780:Fifth Dalai Lama
730:Sultan Said Khan
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1737:Yarlung Tsangpo
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1351:Ganden Phodrang
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1693:
1688:
1682:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1405:PRC annexation
1397:
1396:
1395:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1298:
1293:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1206:List of rulers
1203:
1197:
1195:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1133:, Roma: IsMEO.
1127:Giuseppe Tucci
1120:
1106:Giuseppe Tucci
1103:
1093:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1058:
1049:
1036:
1027:
1012:
999:
986:
977:
964:
951:
942:
917:Asian Medicine
903:
894:
880:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
868:
867:
862:
857:
850:
847:
846:
845:
839:
833:
827:
821:
815:
807:
806:List of rulers
804:
761:
758:
713:
710:
672:
669:
639:
636:
587:historiography
578:
575:
527:Tibetan Empire
514:
511:
456:
455:
453:
452:
445:
438:
430:
427:
426:
402:
401:
400:
399:
394:
392:List of rulers
389:
384:
376:
375:
371:
370:
369:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
311:Tibetan Empire
308:
303:
298:
290:
289:
281:
280:
271:
270:
263:
256:
255:
250:
246:
245:
242:
241:
238:
237:
230:
221:
218:
217:
212:
200:
199:
194:
184:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
144:
143:
137:
134:
131:
130:
125:
122:
119:
118:
112:
109:
106:
105:
102:
101:
98:
92:
91:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
44:
43:
36:
33:
25:Rinbung County
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2374:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1419:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1309:
1305:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1154:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1003:
1000:
996:
990:
987:
981:
978:
974:
968:
965:
961:
955:
952:
946:
943:
938:
934:
930:
926:
923:(1): 75–105.
922:
918:
914:
907:
904:
898:
895:
891:
885:
882:
875:
870:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
848:
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
809:
805:
803:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
776:
772:
768:
759:
757:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
711:
709:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
678:
670:
668:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
637:
635:
633:
629:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
576:
574:
572:
568:
564:
559:
557:
553:
552:Drakpa Jungne
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
513:Rise to power
512:
510:
508:
504:
503:Western Tibet
500:
492:
487:
482:
481:Lhasa dialect
478:
477:rin spungs pa
474:
466:
462:
451:
446:
444:
439:
437:
432:
431:
429:
428:
425:
414:
409:
404:
403:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
378:
377:
372:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
293:
292:
291:
287:
283:
282:
279:
272:
267:
261:
254:
251:
249:Today part of
247:
231:
229:
226:
225:
222:
216:
213:
206:
205:
202:
201:
198:
195:
193:
190:
189:
185:
181:
177:
167:
153:
149:
145:
141:
138:
129:
126:
116:
113:
99:
97:
90:
87:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
45:
31:
26:
22:
21:Rinpung Dzong
2271:
2264:
2250:
2198:sand mandala
2190:
2183:
2124:Sinicization
2096:Panchen Lama
2091:Lhamo La-tso
2074:Ganden Tripa
1868:Human rights
1742:Grand Canyon
1722:Namcha Barwa
1715: /
1393:Tibetan Army
1340:
1291:Guge kingdom
1130:
1125:; edited by
1109:
1099:
1089:
1069:
1061:
1052:
1044:
1039:
1030:
1020:
1015:
1007:
1002:
994:
989:
980:
972:
967:
959:
954:
945:
920:
916:
906:
897:
889:
884:
838:1544–? (son)
783:
770:
767:Ming Dynasty
763:
754:
742:Karma Tseten
717:
715:
698:Gedun Gyatso
679:ceremony in
674:
649:Tsokye Dorje
641:
580:
570:
560:
542:
530:
522:
516:
476:
469:ཪིན་སྤུངས་པ་
460:
459:
330:
197:Succeeded by
196:
191:
38:རིན་སྤུངས་པ་
2208:wall murals
2112:Catholicism
1696:Environment
1370:(1720–1912)
1333:(1368–1644)
1313:(1270–1350)
1234:(Neolithic)
1232:Prehistory
824:Donyo Dorje
615:Donyo Dorje
591:Karma Kagyu
567:Kunga Lekpa
535:Phagmodrupa
275:History of
192:Preceded by
128:Donyo Dorje
2346:Categories
2291:Tibetology
2260:Literature
2079:Dalai Lama
1932:Government
1890:Tibet Area
1885:Golden Urn
1851:Parliament
1376:Lifan Yuan
1303:(960–1279)
1240:Zhangzhung
1225:Chronology
871:References
702:Dalai Lama
593:school of
573:(regent).
301:Zhangzhung
82:Government
2273:Chronicle
2235:Festivals
2047:Dpon-chen
2017:Languages
2012:Education
1761:Changtang
1703:Mountains
1670:Geography
1578:Documents
1423:conflicts
1275:(618–907)
1194:Overviews
937:1573-420X
876:Citations
814:1435–1466
461:Rinpungpa
356:Qing rule
321:Yuan rule
89:theocracy
72:Religion
47:1435–1565
34:Rinpungpa
2331:Category
2215:Calendar
2149:Diaspora
2022:Religion
1826:Politics
1727:Tanggula
1717:Changtse
1421:Wars and
1296:Tsongkha
1258:Timeline
1201:Timeline
1178:articles
1129:(1971),
1108:(1949),
1098:(1967),
1088:(1962),
1068:(1995),
849:See also
802:polity.
792:thangkas
724:general
718:dzongpon
690:Shamarpa
645:Gyangtse
623:Shamarpa
621:for the
595:Buddhism
583:Buddhist
563:Shigatse
543:dzongpon
497:) was a
415:•
382:Timeline
374:See also
366:PRC rule
266:a series
264:Part of
86:Buddhist
56:Shigatse
2315:Outline
2279:writers
2220:Cuisine
2185:thangka
2166:Culture
2139:Changpa
2054:Nyingma
2001:Society
1966:Economy
1801:Ü-Tsang
1775:Valleys
1733:Rivers
1708:Kailash
1268:Lönchen
1250:Empire
1186:History
1080:Sources
818:Kunzang
812:Norzang
800:Tsangpa
788:Buddhas
778:of the
750:Tsangpa
734:Kashgar
686:Karmapa
611:Kunzang
607:Gorampa
599:Gelugpa
556:Norzang
547:Rinpung
531:nanglon
499:Tibetan
491:Chinese
465:Tibetan
228:Tsangpa
151:History
117:(first)
115:Norzang
96:Monarch
66:Tibetan
52:Capital
2266:Annals
2230:Emblem
2192:tsakli
2064:Jonang
1713:Lhotse
1657:(2008)
1356:Kashag
1176:
1116:
935:
760:Legacy
722:Muslim
677:Monlam
653:Nêdong
632:Nêdong
628:barley
537:ruler
493::
268:on the
154:
142:(last)
100:
2322:Index
2286:Music
2251:Khata
2154:Names
2144:Yolmo
2117:Islam
2069:Gelug
2059:Kagyu
2037:Sakya
1840:(TAR)
1806:Ngari
1691:Fauna
1686:Flora
1174:Tibet
681:Lhasa
665:Ngari
603:Sakya
519:Wylie
473:Wylie
277:Tibet
253:China
2240:Flag
2179:rugs
2101:list
2084:list
1873:LGBT
1796:Kham
1791:Amdo
1114:ISBN
933:ISSN
790:and
688:and
661:Guge
571:desi
523:sger
178:1565
168:1435
23:and
2174:Art
2027:Bon
925:doi
663:in
495:仁蚌巴
41:仁蚌巴
2348::
931:.
919:.
915:.
782:,
521::
489:;
483::
479:,
475::
471:,
467::
1166:e
1159:t
1152:v
939:.
927::
921:8
706:Ü
463:(
449:e
442:t
435:v
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
