122:
104:
290:, WDC-C-MG 201, was housed in a private collection prior to its scientific description. The fossil consists of a complete, articulated skeleton, preserved in slab and counter-slab. The bones are somewhat crushed, and there are poorly preserved feather remains. A poorly preserved specimen, SMF-ME 1283, initially described as an indeterminate halcyornithid, could belong to
358:
impressions preserve a crest of feathers on the head. The mandible is elongated, like in other
Halcyornithidae, and much longer than in messlasturids. The humerus is slender. The
378:
features a crest on the medial side, a characteristic shared by modern climbing birds, together with the long claws and short tarsometatarsus suggesting adapatation for a
524:
525:"New specimens of Eocene stem-group psittaciform birds may shed light on the affinities of the first named fossil bird, Halcyornis toliapicus KOENIG, 1825"
305:
and a member of the
Halcyornithidae, then known as the Pseudasturidae. The generic name is an anagram of Pseudastur, the invalid former name of the genus
642:
608:
562:"The Halcyornithidae from the early Eocene London Clay of Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex, UK): A species complex of Paleogene arboreal birds"
2401:
2406:
635:
121:
402:
628:
416:
is a member of the
Halcyornithidae, a family of zygodactyl birds currently presumed to be relatives of both the
2411:
326:
was a large-headed bird, although the body is proportionally larger relative to the head than in its relative
2341:
887:
2373:
1166:
858:
561:
1381:
998:
764:
844:
1122:
743:
865:
805:
773:
116:
2378:
1134:
851:
456:
nonetheless shares synapomorphies including a long and slender humerus with the halcyornithids.
401:
holotype, and could represent a new species of the genus, a juvenile specimen, or an example of
735:
1835:
1675:
604:
581:
505:
620:
2131:
1714:
1317:
1111:
704:
689:
683:
573:
536:
495:
484:"New or previously unrecorded avian taxa from the Middle Eocene of Messel (Hessen, Germany)"
176:
1237:
989:
958:
906:
780:
452:
is more closely related to messelasturids, which also possess long and raptor-like claws;
433:
363:
359:
249:
189:
540:
2275:
2255:
2146:
1992:
1911:
1883:
1876:
1792:
1776:
1446:
1355:
1183:
1087:
1054:
930:
835:
652:
328:
307:
301:
2395:
2175:
2166:
2016:
2001:
1974:
1932:
1819:
1767:
1609:
1581:
1494:
1485:
1423:
1398:
1391:
1230:
1176:
937:
876:
787:
351:
61:
2364:
2229:
2117:
2075:
2059:
2041:
1953:
1925:
1904:
1897:
1855:
1743:
1723:
1665:
1616:
1574:
1567:
1546:
1432:
1405:
1287:
1272:
1145:
1020:
1006:
719:
397:
based on close similarity of the limb proportions. SMF-ME 1283 is smaller than the
215:
577:
483:
2303:
2282:
2211:
2184:
2155:
2103:
2082:
1981:
1939:
1862:
1828:
1752:
1682:
1653:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1453:
1296:
1265:
1205:
1154:
1036:
968:
794:
557:
375:
36:
2289:
2265:
2245:
2195:
2096:
2068:
2025:
1967:
1890:
1869:
1732:
1699:
1595:
1553:
1518:
1501:
1362:
1341:
1251:
1214:
1029:
923:
821:
750:
728:
379:
253:
103:
81:
46:
585:
509:
500:
2296:
2218:
2204:
2124:
2110:
2048:
1960:
1799:
1785:
1689:
1588:
1474:
1348:
1258:
1043:
916:
421:
387:
338:
133:
86:
111:
Cast of the holotype of
Serudaptus at the Natural History Museum of Vienna
2358:
2238:
2089:
2034:
1946:
1810:
1602:
1508:
1369:
1244:
1190:
671:
283:
153:
76:
71:
56:
51:
41:
1846:
1628:
1560:
1467:
1439:
1223:
975:
437:
417:
393:
SMF-ME 1283, a poorly preserved halcyornithid specimen, is compared to
367:
355:
271:
261:
245:
91:
66:
1918:
1638:
1460:
1328:
665:
143:
2335:
440:, which may indicate that it is more closely related to it than to
315:
honours
Burhkhard Pohl, who made the holotype available for study.
1412:
677:
257:
371:
370:
arrangement, and the third toe is stronger than the others. The
343:
163:
2339:
1085:
702:
624:
346:
makes up about half of the length of the skull, longer than in
366:, the fourth toe is opposed to the second and third toes in a
603:. Fascinating life sciences (2nd ed.). Cham: Springer.
529:
Neues
Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen
2271:
2261:
2251:
1695:
1671:
1661:
1514:
1313:
1172:
1162:
1130:
1107:
1017:
986:
955:
903:
832:
817:
761:
716:
222:
2348:
2228:
2194:
2174:
2165:
2145:
2058:
2024:
2015:
1991:
1845:
1818:
1809:
1775:
1766:
1742:
1722:
1713:
1652:
1626:
1484:
1422:
1379:
1327:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1213:
1204:
1153:
1144:
1121:
1098:
1053:
1016:
985:
954:
902:
875:
831:
804:
760:
715:
270:, and is known for long, raptorial claws on its
636:
332:. Serudaptus was distinctly larger than both
8:
552:
550:
477:
475:
473:
471:
469:
2336:
2171:
2021:
1815:
1772:
1719:
1333:
1301:
1292:
1210:
1150:
1095:
1082:
810:
712:
699:
643:
629:
621:
390:diet, potentially of large invertebrates.
102:
20:
499:
465:
386:may also represent an adaptation for a
299:was described in 2002 as a relative of
560:; Kitchener, Andrew C. (2023-07-17).
7:
382:lifestyle. The raptor-like claws of
264:. The genus contains one species,
14:
541:10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0244-0207
350:, and has a relatively straight
120:
362:is short and stout. Like other
1:
578:10.1016/j.geobios.2023.06.003
374:are long and raptorial. The
334:Pseudasturides macrocephalus
252:bird from the Middle Eocene
523:Mayr, Gerald (2007-07-11).
448:. It is also possible that
2428:
1336:
1094:
1081:
813:
711:
698:
660:
221:
214:
117:Scientific classification
115:
110:
101:
23:
655:and their extinct allies
501:10.1002/mmng.20000030110
2402:Prehistoric bird genera
482:Mayr, G. (2000-01-01).
311:. The specific ephitet
2407:Eocene birds of Europe
601:Paleogene fossil birds
16:Extinct genus of birds
2374:Paleobiology Database
599:Mayr, Gerald (2022).
278:Discovery and naming
744:Eurofluvioviridavis
774:Eofringillirostrum
2389:
2388:
2342:Taxon identifiers
2333:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2141:
2140:
2011:
2010:
1836:Psittaculirostris
1762:
1761:
1709:
1708:
1648:
1647:
1282:
1281:
1200:
1199:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
898:
897:
859:Primozygodactylus
610:978-3-030-87644-9
403:sexual dimorphism
237:
236:
210:
2419:
2382:
2381:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2337:
2273:
2263:
2253:
2172:
2132:Purpureicephalus
2022:
1816:
1773:
1720:
1715:Psittrichasiidae
1697:
1673:
1663:
1516:
1334:
1318:Archaeopsittacus
1315:
1302:
1293:
1211:
1174:
1164:
1151:
1132:
1112:Mogontiacopsitta
1109:
1096:
1083:
1019:
988:
957:
905:
834:
819:
811:
763:
718:
713:
705:Psittacopasseres
700:
690:Psittacopasseres
684:Eufalconimorphae
645:
638:
631:
622:
615:
614:
596:
590:
589:
554:
545:
544:
520:
514:
513:
503:
479:
395:Serudaptus pohli
339:Cyrilavis olsoni
297:Serudaptus pohli
267:Serudaptus pohli
227:Serudaptus pohli
224:
208:
201:
188:
177:Eufalconimorphae
125:
124:
106:
96:
33:
29:Temporal range:
21:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2412:Halcyornithidae
2392:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2377:
2372:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2344:
2334:
2309:
2224:
2190:
2161:
2137:
2054:
2007:
1987:
1841:
1805:
1758:
1738:
1705:
1644:
1622:
1480:
1418:
1382:Amoropsittacini
1375:
1323:
1278:
1238:Calyptorhynchus
1196:
1140:
1117:
1090:
1069:
1049:
1012:
999:Palaeopsittacus
990:Quercypsittidae
981:
959:Messelasturidae
950:
907:Halcyornithidae
894:
871:
827:
800:
781:Parapsittacopes
765:Psittacopedidae
756:
707:
694:
656:
649:
619:
618:
611:
598:
597:
593:
556:
555:
548:
522:
521:
517:
481:
480:
467:
462:
411:
364:Halcyornithidae
360:tarsometatarsus
321:
280:
272:zygodactyl feet
233:
230:
207:
199:
190:Halcyornithidae
186:
119:
97:
95:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
31:
30:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2425:
2423:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2394:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2370:
2354:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2276:Necropsittacus
2269:
2259:
2256:Lophopsittacus
2249:
2242:
2234:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2200:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2180:
2178:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2151:
2149:
2147:Psittacellinae
2143:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2064:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2045:
2038:
2030:
2028:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1997:
1995:
1993:Melopsittacini
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1912:Hypocharmosyna
1908:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1884:Charmosynopsis
1880:
1877:Charmosynoides
1873:
1866:
1859:
1851:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1832:
1824:
1822:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1796:
1793:Bolbopsittacus
1789:
1781:
1779:
1777:Agapornithinae
1770:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1748:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1728:
1726:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1669:
1658:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1634:
1632:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1529:
1522:
1512:
1505:
1498:
1490:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1447:Graydidascalus
1443:
1436:
1428:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1387:
1385:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1356:Hapalopsittaca
1352:
1345:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1310:
1308:
1306:incertae sedis
1299:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1219:
1217:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1170:
1159:
1157:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1127:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1104:
1102:
1100:Incertae sedis
1092:
1091:
1088:Psittaciformes
1086:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1057:
1055:Psittaciformes
1051:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1025:
1023:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1003:
994:
992:
983:
982:
980:
979:
972:
964:
962:
952:
951:
949:
948:
941:
934:
931:Pseudasturides
927:
920:
912:
910:
900:
899:
896:
895:
893:
892:
891:
890:
881:
879:
873:
872:
870:
869:
862:
855:
848:
845:Eozygodactylus
840:
838:
836:Zygodactylidae
829:
828:
826:
825:
814:
808:
802:
801:
799:
798:
791:
784:
777:
769:
767:
758:
757:
755:
754:
747:
740:
732:
724:
722:
709:
708:
703:
696:
695:
693:
692:
686:
680:
674:
668:
661:
658:
657:
650:
648:
647:
640:
633:
625:
617:
616:
609:
591:
546:
535:(2): 207–213.
515:
494:(1): 207–219.
464:
463:
461:
458:
442:Pseudasturides
410:
409:Classification
407:
348:Pseudasturides
329:Pseudasturides
320:
317:
308:Pseudasturides
302:Pseudasturides
279:
276:
235:
234:
231:
219:
218:
212:
211:
197:
193:
192:
184:
180:
179:
174:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
113:
112:
108:
107:
99:
98:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
35:
34:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2424:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2176:Micropsittini
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:Psittaculinae
2164:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2017:Platycercinae
2014:
2004:
2003:
2002:Melopsittacus
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1975:Trichoglossus
1972:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1933:Oreopsittacus
1930:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1820:Cyclopsittini
1817:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1768:Psittaculidae
1765:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1610:Rhynchopsitta
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1582:Orthopsittaca
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1495:Anodorhynchus
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1424:Androglossini
1421:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1399:Nannopsittaca
1396:
1394:
1393:
1392:Bolborhynchus
1389:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1231:Callocephalon
1228:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1177:Nelepsittacus
1171:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1123:Namapsittidae
1120:
1114:
1113:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
995:
993:
991:
984:
978:
977:
973:
971:
970:
966:
965:
963:
960:
953:
947:
946:
942:
940:
939:
938:Pulchrapollia
935:
933:
932:
928:
926:
925:
921:
919:
918:
914:
913:
911:
908:
901:
889:
888:Passeriformes
885:
884:
883:
882:
880:
878:
877:Passeriformes
874:
868:
867:
863:
861:
860:
856:
854:
853:
849:
847:
846:
842:
841:
839:
837:
830:
824:
823:
816:
815:
812:
809:
807:
803:
797:
796:
792:
790:
789:
788:Psittacomimus
785:
783:
782:
778:
776:
775:
771:
770:
768:
766:
759:
753:
752:
748:
746:
745:
741:
738:
737:
733:
731:
730:
726:
725:
723:
721:
714:
710:
706:
701:
697:
691:
687:
685:
681:
679:
675:
673:
669:
667:
663:
662:
659:
654:
646:
641:
639:
634:
632:
627:
626:
623:
612:
606:
602:
595:
592:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
553:
551:
547:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
519:
516:
511:
507:
502:
497:
493:
489:
488:Fossil Record
485:
478:
476:
474:
472:
470:
466:
459:
457:
455:
451:
447:
446:Pulchrapollia
443:
439:
435:
434:messelasturid
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
408:
406:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
340:
335:
331:
330:
325:
318:
316:
314:
310:
309:
304:
303:
298:
294:
293:
289:
285:
277:
275:
273:
269:
268:
263:
259:
255:
251:
250:halcyornithid
247:
243:
242:
229:
228:
220:
217:
213:
206:
205:
198:
195:
194:
191:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
123:
118:
114:
109:
105:
100:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
32:Middle Eocene
26:
22:
19:
2349:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2281:
2274:
2264:
2254:
2244:
2237:
2230:Psittaculini
2217:
2210:
2203:
2183:
2154:
2130:
2123:
2118:Psephotellus
2116:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2076:Cyanoramphus
2074:
2067:
2060:Platycercini
2047:
2042:Neopsephotus
2040:
2033:
2000:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1959:
1954:Psitteuteles
1952:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1926:Neopsittacus
1924:
1917:
1910:
1905:Glossoptilus
1903:
1898:Glossopsitta
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1856:Chalcopsitta
1854:
1834:
1827:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1751:
1744:Coracopsinae
1731:
1724:Coracopsinae
1698:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1666:Bavaripsitta
1664:
1637:
1617:Thectocercus
1615:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1587:
1580:
1575:Ognorhynchus
1573:
1568:Leptosittaca
1566:
1559:
1552:
1547:Enicognathus
1545:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1517:
1507:
1500:
1493:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1433:Alipiopsitta
1431:
1411:
1406:Psilopsiagon
1404:
1397:
1390:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1316:
1305:
1288:Psittacoidea
1271:
1264:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1222:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1165:
1146:Strigopoidea
1133:
1110:
1099:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1021:Morsoravidae
1007:Quercypsitta
1005:
997:
974:
967:
944:
943:
936:
929:
922:
915:
866:Zygodactylus
864:
857:
850:
843:
820:
806:Parapasseres
793:
786:
779:
772:
749:
742:
734:
727:
720:Vastanavidae
600:
594:
569:
565:
558:Mayr, Gerald
532:
528:
518:
491:
487:
453:
449:
445:
441:
429:
428:shares with
425:
413:
412:
398:
394:
392:
383:
347:
337:
333:
327:
323:
322:
312:
306:
300:
296:
295:
291:
287:
281:
266:
265:
240:
239:
238:
232:(Mayr, 2000)
226:
225:
216:Type species
203:
202:
170:
24:
18:
2304:Tanygnathus
2283:Prioniturus
2212:Aprosmictus
2185:Micropsitta
2156:Psittacella
2104:Platycercus
2083:Eunymphicus
1940:Parvipsitta
1863:Charminetta
1829:Cyclopsitta
1753:Psittrichas
1683:Poicephalus
1654:Psittacinae
1540:Diopsittaca
1533:Cyanopsitta
1526:Cyanoliseus
1454:Pionopsitta
1297:Psittacidae
1266:Probosciger
1206:Cacatuoidea
1155:Strigopidae
1064:See below ↓
1037:Pumiliornis
969:Messelastur
795:Psittacopes
388:carnivorous
384:Serupdaptus
376:tibiotarsus
319:Description
292:Serupdatus.
2396:Categories
2365:Q123347003
2350:Serudaptus
2290:Psittacula
2266:Mascarinus
2246:Geoffroyus
2196:Polytelini
2097:Northiella
2069:Barnardius
2026:Pezoporini
1968:Synorhacma
1870:Charmosyna
1733:Coracopsis
1700:Xenopsitta
1596:Psittacara
1554:Eupsittula
1519:Conuropsis
1363:Myiopsitta
1342:Brotogeris
1252:Lophochroa
1215:Cacatuidae
1135:Namapsitta
1030:Morsoravis
945:Serudaptus
924:Halcyornis
852:Primoscens
822:Minutornis
751:Vastanavis
729:Avolatavis
651:Genera of
460:References
454:Serudaptus
450:Serudaptus
426:Serudaptus
414:Serudaptus
399:Serudaptus
380:scansorial
368:zygodactyl
324:Serudaptus
288:Serudaptus
254:Messel pit
241:Serudaptus
209:Mayr, 2000
204:Serudaptus
25:Serudaptus
2297:Psittinus
2219:Polytelis
2205:Alisterus
2125:Psephotus
2111:Prosopeia
2049:Pezoporus
1961:Saudareos
1800:Loriculus
1786:Agapornis
1690:Psittacus
1589:Primolius
1475:Triclaria
1349:Deroptyus
1259:Nymphicus
1044:Sororavis
917:Cyrilavis
736:Calcardea
664:Kingdom:
586:0016-6995
572:: 45–60.
510:2193-0066
430:Cyrilavis
422:songbirds
405:in size.
248:genus of
140:Kingdom:
134:Eukaryota
2359:Wikidata
2239:Eclectus
2090:Lathamus
2035:Neophema
1947:Pseudeos
1811:Loriinae
1676:Khwenena
1603:Pyrrhura
1509:Aratinga
1370:Pionites
1245:Eolophus
1191:Strigops
1167:Heracles
672:Chordata
670:Phylum:
666:Animalia
284:holotype
183:Family:
154:Chordata
150:Phylum:
144:Animalia
130:Domain:
1847:Loriini
1629:Forpini
1561:Guaruba
1468:Pyrilia
1440:Amazona
1224:Cacatua
976:Tynskya
688:Clade:
682:Clade:
676:Class:
653:parrots
566:Geobios
438:sternum
418:parrots
356:Feather
262:Germany
246:extinct
196:Genus:
160:Class:
2379:416113
1919:Lorius
1639:Forpus
1461:Pionus
1329:Arinae
1184:Nestor
607:
584:
508:
436:-like
352:culmen
342:. The
244:is an
1486:Arini
1413:Touit
1273:Zanda
372:claws
313:pohli
258:Hesse
171:Clade
1982:Vini
886:See
678:Aves
605:ISBN
582:ISSN
506:ISSN
444:and
420:and
344:beak
336:and
282:The
164:Aves
37:PreꞒ
1891:Eos
1502:Ara
574:doi
537:doi
533:244
496:doi
286:of
256:in
2398::
2376::
2361::
580:.
570:83
568:.
564:.
549:^
531:.
527:.
504:.
490:.
486:.
468:^
432:a
424:.
354:.
274:.
260:,
173::
87:Pg
2272:†
2262:†
2252:†
1696:†
1672:†
1662:†
1631:"
1627:"
1515:†
1384:"
1380:"
1314:†
1173:†
1163:†
1131:†
1108:†
1018:†
1002:?
987:†
961:?
956:†
909:?
904:†
833:†
818:†
762:†
739:?
717:†
644:e
637:t
630:v
613:.
588:.
576::
543:.
539::
512:.
498::
492:3
223:†
200:†
187:†
92:N
82:K
77:J
72:T
67:P
62:C
57:D
52:S
47:O
42:Ꞓ
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
