202:, yielding the extracted compound. The non-soluble portion of the extracted solid remains in the thimble, and is usually discarded. Like Soxhlet extractor, the Kumagawa extractor has a specific design where the thimble holder/chamber is directly suspended inside the solvent flask (having a vertical large opening) above the boiling solvent. The thimble is surrounded by hot solvent vapour and maintained at a higher temperature compared to the Soxhlet extractor, thus allowing better extraction for compounds with higher melting points such as
1921:
264:
31:
252:
114:
A Soxhlet extractor has three main sections: a percolator (boiler and reflux) which circulates the solvent, a thimble (usually made of thick filter paper) which retains the solid to be extracted, and a siphon mechanism, which periodically empties the condensed solvent from the thimble back into the
174:
arm, and floods into the chamber housing the thimble of solid. The condenser ensures that any solvent vapour cools, and drips back down into the chamber housing the solid material. The chamber containing the solid material slowly fills with warm solvent. Some of the desired compound
435:
The apparatus we propose for the solvent pre-wash is the
Soxhlet apparatus, which has been used very successfully before for washing stainless-steel standard-mass surfaces. This apparatus has its main application in chemistry for dissolving weakly soluble species from solid
194:
compound dissolves in the solvent. After many cycles the desired compound is concentrated in the distillation flask. The advantage of this system is that instead of many portions of warm solvent being passed through the sample, just one batch of solvent is recycled.
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flask. The thimble ensures that the rapid motion of the solvent does not transport any solid material to the still pot. This cycle may be allowed to repeat many times, over hours or days.
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in that solvent. It allows for unmonitored and unmanaged operation while efficiently recycling a small amount of solvent to dissolve a larger amount of material.
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Still pot (the still pot should not be overfilled and the volume of solvent in the still pot should be 3 to 4 times the volume of the
Soxhlet chamber)
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407:
Cumpson, Peter; Sano, Naoko (February 2013). "Stability of reference masses V: UV/ozone treatment of gold and platinum surfaces".
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206:. The removable holder/chamber is fitted with a small siphon side arm and, in the same way as for Soxhlet, a vertical
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hot-water extractor for organic matter dating from approximately 3500 BC. The same mechanism is present in the
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ensures that the solvent drips back down into the chamber which is automatically emptied at every cycle.
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Fruit extraction in progress. The sample is placed directly in the extraction chamber, no thimble used.
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from a solid material. Typically, Soxhlet extraction is used when the desired compound has a
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in the warm solvent. When the
Soxhlet chamber is almost full, the chamber is emptied by the
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notes that the earliest example of a continuous extractor is archaeological evidence for a
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The source material containing the compound to be extracted is placed inside the thimble.
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Soxhlet apparatus used as a replenishing source of solvent in chromatography
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A Soxhlet apparatus has been proposed as an effective technique for washing
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The thimble is loaded into the main chamber of the
Soxhlet extractor.
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After extraction the solvent is removed, typically by means of a
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video demonstrating the use of a
Soxhlet extractor to extract
309:
Harwood, Laurence M.; Moody, Christopher J. (13 Jun 1989).
457:
Royal
Society of Chemistry: Classic Kit: Soxhlet extractor
370:(December 2007). "The Origin of the Soxhlet Extractor".
233:
also pioneered with continuous extraction in the 1830s.
312:
Experimental organic chemistry: Principles and
Practice
87:. It was originally designed for the extraction of a
346:"Die gewichtsanalytische Bestimmung des Milchfettes"
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34:A schematic representation of a Soxhlet extractor:
150:The Soxhlet extractor is placed atop the flask.
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467:Extracting the Spicy Chemical in Black Pepper
8:
1457:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument
290:The siphoning part of a Soxhlet extraction.
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1822:Instruments used in medical laboratories
190:During each cycle, a portion of the non-
1338:Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) device
301:
247:
136:to be used is placed in a distillation
1386:Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
257:Animation of Soxhlet extractor at work
229:. Before Soxhlet, the French chemist
7:
477:thimbles used for Soxhlet extraction
1381:Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
170:. The solvent vapour travels up a
25:
350:Dingler's Polytechnisches Journal
183:. The solvent is returned to the
1919:
1426:Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA)
1236:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
274:
262:
250:
452:The Soxhlet Extractor explained
83:apparatus invented in 1879 by
1:
373:Journal of Chemical Education
157:is placed atop the extractor.
143:The flask is placed on the
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1982:Spinning band distillation
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1581:Time-domain reflectometer
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1348:Liquid chromatograph (LC)
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431:10.1088/0026-1394/50/1/27
166:The solvent is heated to
1911:Vapor–liquid equilibrium
315:(Illustrated ed.).
1941:Continuous distillation
1416:Melting-point apparatus
797:Cryogenic storage dewar
1353:Mass spectrometer (MS)
1343:Gas chromatograph (GC)
102:, and the impurity is
72:
2084:Laboratory techniques
1728:Acid-resistant gloves
1409:differential scanning
33:
2094:Laboratory equipment
2089:Analytical chemistry
2079:Laboratory glassware
1946:Fractionating column
1929:Industrial processes
1896:McCabe–Thiele method
1305:Analytical chemistry
807:Laminar flow cabinet
513:Laboratory equipment
344:Soxhlet, F. (1879).
27:Laboratory apparatus
1677:Personal protective
586:Meker–Fisher burner
423:2013Metro..50...27C
386:2007JChEd..84.1913J
2074:1879 introductions
1960:Laboratory methods
1936:Batch distillation
1520:Function generator
1503:Bench power supply
1442:Analytical balance
1203:Ostwald viscometer
1198:Graduated cylinder
937:Inoculation needle
473:from black pepper.
394:10.1021/ed084p1913
368:Jensen, William B.
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1977:Rotary evaporator
1901:Theoretical plate
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988:Soxhlet extractor
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902:Spectrophotometer
897:Pipeclay triangle
649:Mortar and pestle
380:(12): 1913–1914.
330:978-0-632-02017-1
285:
219:William B. Jensen
200:rotary evaporator
85:Franz von Soxhlet
77:Soxhlet extractor
65:Cooling water out
59:Expansion adapter
44:Distillation path
16:(Redirected from
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752:Test tube holder
644:Magnetic stirrer
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132:The extraction
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1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:Compositional
1314:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1252:
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1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
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1219:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
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1179:
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1170:
1168:
1164:
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1140:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
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1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
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1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
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1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
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1024:
1022:
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1016:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1000:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
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978:
974:
970:
966:
961:
957:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:Balance brush
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
844:
840:
834:Weighing dish
833:
831:Weighing boat
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
789:
787:
781:
778:
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768:
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763:
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758:
755:
753:
750:
747:
745:
742:
739:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
723:
722:Burette clamp
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
707:
706:
704:
698:
696:
693:
690:
689:
686:
680:
677:
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627:
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624:
618:
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611:
605:
602:
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592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
556:Bunsen burner
554:
552:
549:
548:
546:
540:
537:
536:
533:
529:
522:
518:
514:
507:
502:
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411:
403:
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395:
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387:
383:
379:
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369:
363:
360:
355:
352:(in German).
351:
347:
340:
337:
332:
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:
305:
302:
295:
272:
265:
260:
253:
248:
243:
241:
239:
234:
232:
231:Anselme Payen
228:
224:
220:
213:
211:
209:
205:
201:
196:
193:
188:
186:
182:
178:
173:
169:
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156:
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146:
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139:
135:
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128:
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123:
122:
118:
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109:
107:
105:
101:
97:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
67:
64:
61:
58:
55:
52:
49:
46:
43:
40:
37:
36:
32:
19:
2069:Distillation
2048:Vacuum-based
1881:Dalton's law
1876:Raoult's law
1862:Distillation
1783:Fire blanket
1721:Eye and hand
1707:Rubber apron
1571:Oscilloscope
1535:Potentiostat
1462:Plate reader
1358:pH indicator
1328:CHN analyzer
1323:AutoAnalyzer
1116:Round-bottom
1009:Boston round
987:
872:Filter paper
827:Refrigerator
744:Retort stand
712:Clamp holder
708:Beaker clamp
674:Vortex mixer
669:Stirring rod
664:Static mixer
594:Teclu burner
434:
417:(1): 27–36.
414:
408:
402:
377:
371:
362:
353:
349:
339:
311:
304:
235:
223:Mesopotamian
217:
197:
189:
185:distillation
172:distillation
165:
115:percolator.
113:
92:
76:
74:
2043:Steam-based
2038:Salt-effect
2013:Destructive
1771:Other items
1697:Face shield
1544:Measurement
1525:Galvanostat
1485:Electronics
1435:Other items
1421:Thermometer
1404:Calorimeter
1333:Colorimeter
1277:Gas syringe
1260:Other items
1188:Eye dropper
1063:Watch glass
1048:Evaporating
1027:Cold finger
842:Other items
748:Screw clamp
740:Pinch clamp
729:Flask clamp
679:Wash bottle
634:Homogenizer
319:. pp.
110:Description
56:Siphon exit
38:Stirrer bar
2063:Categories
2028:Fractional
2023:Extractive
2003:Azeotropic
1996:Techniques
1869:Principles
1702:Respirator
1643:Test probe
1561:Multimeter
1373:Microscopy
1193:Eudiometer
1157:Separatory
1126:Volumetric
1091:Erlenmeyer
1019:Condensers
983:Dean–Stark
932:Wire brush
892:Microscope
887:Centrifuge
862:Cork borer
817:Petri dish
792:Agar plate
779:Containers
762:Wire gauze
599:Water bath
561:Desiccator
410:Metrologia
356:: 461–465.
296:References
96:solubility
81:laboratory
53:Siphon top
2008:Catalytic
1972:Kugelrohr
1793:Fume hood
1738:Glove box
1591:Voltmeter
976:Apparatus
965:Glassware
854:Autoclave
849:Aspirator
802:Incubator
736:Iron ring
659:Sonicator
629:Chemostat
571:Hot plate
436:matrices.
208:condenser
177:dissolves
162:Operation
155:condenser
153:A reflux
104:insoluble
62:Condenser
2033:Reactive
1692:Lab coat
1617:Tweezers
1607:Heat gun
1363:pH meter
1272:Bell jar
1152:Dropping
1106:Florence
1096:Fernbach
1058:Syracuse
917:Scoopula
867:Crucible
576:Lab oven
471:piperine
192:volatile
119:Assembly
1967:Alembic
1631:General
1551:Ammeter
1251:Thistle
1208:Pipette
1183:Cuvette
1173:Burette
1142:BĂĽchner
1135:Funnels
1121:Schlenk
1101:Fleaker
1081:BĂĽchner
1002:Bottles
922:Spatula
912:Stopper
882:Forceps
782:Storage
699:Holders
619:Shakers
590:Striker
538:Heaters
525:General
419:Bibcode
382:Bibcode
321:122–125
244:Gallery
214:History
204:bitumen
134:solvent
100:solvent
93:limited
47:Thimble
18:Soxhlet
1886:Reflux
1665:Safety
1267:Beaker
1246:Thiele
1231:Cragie
1226:Drying
1147:Hirsch
1111:Retort
1073:Flasks
1041:Dishes
1032:Liebig
993:Kipp's
907:Splint
717:Tripod
695:Clamps
691:Stands
654:Shaker
616:Mixers
541:Dryers
327:
181:siphon
168:reflux
1987:Still
1600:Tools
1218:Tubes
1053:Petri
138:flask
98:in a
89:lipid
50:Solid
1282:Vial
1241:Test
877:File
581:Kiln
325:ISBN
2018:Dry
427:doi
390:doi
354:232
2065::
433:.
425:.
415:50
413:.
388:.
378:84
376:.
348:.
323:.
240:.
75:A
1854:e
1847:t
1840:v
505:e
498:t
491:v
429::
421::
396:.
392::
384::
333:.
147:.
140:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
