162:, which was expressed on the one hand in the local iconography of the gods, in which Geb was depicted as a man with attributes of Cronus or Cronus with attributes of Geb. On the other hand, the priests of the local main temple identified themselves in Egyptian texts as priests of "Soknebtunis-Geb", but in Greek texts as priests of "Soknebtunis-Cronus". Accordingly, Egyptian names formed with the name of the god Geb were just as popular among local villagers as Greek names derived from Cronus, especially the name "Kronion.
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and Greek found there. These papyri give information about how people in
Tebtunis lived from day to day. For example, one papyrus was found that gave 'minutes' of a meeting of a group of priests. On this papyrus were the names of the priests, what the meeting was about, and a date – indicating that
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On the basis of documentary papyri, it is possible to gain interesting insights into the life of the priests of local main god, Soknebtunis. For instance, a key text for understanding a major land reform in Egypt at the beginning of Roman rule stems from
Tebtunis: The priests of the Soknebtunis
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of Egypt in 24-22 BC that part of the temple's land holdings would be converted into state land. In return, the priests and their descendants were to receive the privilege of leasing a specific portion of this former temple land. These issues were outlined in a
90:, Toutōn was a major centre of Coptic manuscript copying. At least thirteen existing manuscripts were copied there between AD 861 and 940. The present village of Tuṯun is located about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of Umm el-Baragat.
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of these plots. Another group of papyri reveals that in the 120s AD the acting prophet of the
Soknebtunis temple (qua office the leader of the rites of the temple) held simultaneously the prophecy of a
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Among the
Tebtunis papyri are also preserved many Egyptian astronomical and astrological texts, including several copies of what now is called the
146:, which originally was entitled, "The Fundamentals of the Course of the Stars", and it explicates the concept of sunrise as mythological rebirth.
50:. In Tebtunis there were many Greek and Roman buildings. It was a rich town and was a very important regional center during the Ptolemaic period.
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Graeco-Roman Fayum – Texts and
Archaeology. Proceedings of the Third International Fayum Symposion, Freudenstadt, May 29–June 1, 2007
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from 71/72 AD, which the priests of
Soknebtunis addressed to the prefect because they were in dispute with a local official over the
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The
Tebtunis papyri vol. II, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell, Arthur S. Hunt and J. Edgard Goodspeed, 1907
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Derniers visages des dieux dʼÉgypte. Iconographies, panthéons et cultes dans le Fayoum hellénisé des IIe–IIIe siècles de notre ère
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Derniers visages des dieux dʼÉgypte. Iconographies, panthéons et cultes dans le Fayoum hellénisé des IIe–IIIe siècles de notre ère
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Wegner, Wolfgang. "Ein bislang unerkannter Beleg für eine
Personalunion der Prophetenstellen der Tempel von Tebtynis und Akoris".
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186:
The
Tebtunis papyri vol. I, edited with translations and notes by Bernard P. Grenfell, Arthur S. Hunt and J. Gilbart Smyly, 1902
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The
Tebtunis papyri vol. III part 1, edited with translations and notes by Arthur S. Hunt and J. Gilbart Smyly, 1933
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Writings of Early Scholars in the Ancient Near East, Egypt, Rome, and Greece: Translating Ancient Scientific Texts.
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Gottesdiener und Kamelzüchter: Das Alltags- und Sozialleben der Sobek-Priester im kaiserzeitlichen Fayum
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Gottesdiener und Kamelzüchter: Das Alltags- und Sozialleben der Sobek-Priester im kaiserzeitlichen Fayum
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Todd M. Hickey: "Down and Out in Late Antique Tebtunis?" In: Sandra Lippert, Maren Schentuleit (edd.):
387:. Paris: Presses de lʼuniversité Paris-Sorbonne; Éditions du Louvre. pp. 75–80, 122–127, 241–246.
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A distinctive feature of the local mythology in Greco-Roman times was the equation of the Greek god
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From the Ptolemies to the Romans. Political and Economic Change in Roman Egypt
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From the Ptolemies to the Romans. Political and Economic Change in Roman Egypt
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Management and Investment on Estates in Roman Egypt during the Early Empire
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Hickey, Todd M. (2007). Lippert, Sandra; Schentuleit, Maren (eds.).
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It is possible that Tebtunis was identical with a town called
34:. The settlement was founded in approximately 1800 BCE by the
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Studi di Egittologia e di Papirologia: rivista internazionale
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König, Jason; Oikonomopoulou, Katerina; Woolf, Greg (2013).
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Archaeological site in the Egyptian depression of el-Faiyum
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Translating the Fundamentals of the Course of the Stars.
510:- Inventory of Published Papyri (many Tebtunis papiri)
284:. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 136–141.
328:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 30.
68:), which is only attested since late antiquity.
456:Merola, Marco. "Letters to the Crocodile God".
42:. It was located in what is now the village of
235:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. pp. 136–138.
23:Temple of Sobek in Tebtunis, el-Fayyum, Egypt
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111:it was written during the Ptolemaic period.
402:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. pp. 73–78.
467:. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press 2012,
430:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2008, 135–142,
137:- a good 100 km away from Tebtunis.
561:15th-century BC establishments in Egypt
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233:Down and Out in Late Antique Tebtunis?
133:sanctuary in the Middle Egyptian town
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150:Local Mythology: Cronus alias Geb
508:The Papyrus Carlsberg Collection
489:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2020,
98:Tebtunis flourished during the
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30:was a city and later town in
212:Manuscripts Copied in Touton
364:Beiträge zur Altertumskunde
115:temple negotiated with the
102:and is famous for the many
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366:. Walter de Gruyter, 2010
358:, Tanja Pommerening, eds,
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460:, November–December 2007.
398:Sippel, Benjamin (2020).
383:Rondot, Vincent (2013).
210:University of Michigan,
556:Cities in ancient Egypt
280:Monson, Andrew (2012).
264:The Coptic Encyclopedia
200:at the Internet Archive
194:at the Internet Archive
188:at the Internet Archive
348:Alexandra von Lieven,
158:with the Egyptian god
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445:. Bonn: Habelt 1992,
258:René-Georges Coquin,
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458:Archeology Magazine
266:(Macmillan, 1991),
94:The Tebtunis Papyri
44:Tell Umm el-Baragat
566:Faiyum Governorate
48:Faiyum Governorate
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532:29.117°N 30.750°E
495:978-3-447-11485-1
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88:Middle Ages
59:Koinē Greek
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550:Categories
313:: 113–118.
218:References
205:Parchments
86:). In the
126:taxation
122:petition
28:Tebtunis
523:30°45′E
520:29°07′N
260:"Tuṯun"
117:prefect
108:Demotic
46:in the
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174:Papyri
156:Cronus
135:Akoris
104:papyri
81:Arabic
77:Toutōn
73:Coptic
57:(from
131:Sobek
84:Tuṯun
38:king
491:ISBN
469:ISBN
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160:Geb
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