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Native Irish. However, he, also, targeted the
Protestant New English settlers with the Star Chamber. This punished those whom possessed land that was not well documented enough. The authority of the Church was supported by the Court of High Commission and consisted of policies, which aimed to see a change towards Laudianism. These policies united Catholic and Protestant opposition against him.
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387:, and domiciled in Ireland for much of the personal rule. He left the running of England largely to Laud, although the application of Thorough in Ireland was entirely down to Strafford. The fear that Strafford instilled in the Irish through the policy of "Thorough" can be demonstrated when looking at the ease with which Strafford extracted subsidies from the Irish Parliament as the
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the elect (those destined to salvation) could fall totally and finally from saving grace. This idea often translated into acceptance of an increased role of sacraments and the ecclesiastical hierarchy, or the "Beauty of
Holiness", though this was not necessarily the case. The phrase "Divine Right of Kings" has been incorrectly interpreted as equivalent to absolutism.
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Though
English Arminians often supported expansion of royal authority, this did not correlate to support of absolutist monarchies. Arminians challenged Calvinist conception of absolute predestination by introducing an element of free will into Protestant soteriology; that is, they asserted that even
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approached during 1640. As well as attempting to raise revenue, Strafford aimed to assert the authority of, both, the Church and the State. The assertion of the state's authority was embodied by the extension of
Protestant settlements in the north of Ireland, at the expense of the Old English and
371:. As Puritans and Presbyterians, the gentry were opposed to Laud's beliefs and opposed to the idea of a parliament-independent monarchy. William Laud used his authority over the prerogative courts to punish many people, including Puritan martyr
352:" and the (Catholic reminiscent) "Beauty of Holiness". Laud hoped that his new Arminian Church of England would make the English conform to believing in the "Divine Right", supporting
375:. In this era, religious issues were constitutional issues as in the case of Charles I and William Laud's attempt to impose the English Book of Common Prayer on Scotland.
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to appoint only
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Laud exploited his secular and religious roles to implement the policy of
Thorough in England. Laud used his authority as
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Puritanism and
Revolution: Studies in Interpretation of the English Revolution of the 17th Century
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Laud used his authority over the prerogative courts to humiliate the gentry, who were largely
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Economic
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Early Modern
England, 1485-1714: A Narrative History
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Society and
Puritanism in Pre-Revolutionary England
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462:(2nd ed.). Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
446:Anti-Calvinism: The Rise of English Arminianism
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475:Religion and Society in Early Modern England
91:. There might be a discussion about this on
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544:Dicken, Mary; Fellows, Nicholas (2015).
473:David Cressy; Lori Anne Ferrell (2005).
148:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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407:Royal prerogative in the United Kingdom
314:Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford
546:OCR A Level History: Britain 1603-1760
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477:(2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.
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385:Lord Deputy of Ireland
350:Divine Right of Kings
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310:Thorough
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