222:
84:
more severe, depending on the type of thyroiditis, one may start to see puffiness around the eyes, slowing of the heart rate, a drop in body temperature, or even incipient heart failure. On the other hand, if the thyroid cell damage is acute, the thyroid hormone within the gland leaks out into the bloodstream causing symptoms of thyrotoxicosis, which is similar to those of
97:
pancreatitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis and noninfectious aortitis also occur. Such is also the case in Riedel thyroiditis, an inflammation in which the thyroid tissue is replaced by fibrous tissue which can extend to neighbouring structures. Antibodies that attack the thyroid are what causes most types of thyroiditis. It can also be caused by an infection, like a
88:. These symptoms include weight loss, irritability, anxiety, insomnia, fast heart rate, and fatigue. Elevated levels of thyroid hormone in the bloodstream cause both conditions, but thyrotoxicosis is the term used with thyroiditis since the thyroid gland is not overactive, as in the case of hyperthyroidism.
83:
symptoms manifest when thyroid cell damage is slow and chronic, and may include fatigue, weight gain, feeling "fuzzy headed", depression, dry skin, and constipation. Other, rarer symptoms include swelling of the legs, vague aches and pains, decreased concentration and so on. When conditions become
265:
Treatments for this disease depend on the type of thyroiditis that is diagnosed. For the most common type, which is known as
Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the treatment is to immediately start hormone replacement. This prevents or corrects the hypothyroidism, and it also generally keeps the gland from
294:
was first described by
Japanese physician Hashimoto Hakaru working in Germany in 1912. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, and patients with this disease often complain about difficulty swallowing. This condition may be so mild at first that the disease goes
96:
Thyroiditis is generally caused by an immune system attack on the thyroid, resulting in inflammation and damage to the thyroid cells. This disease is often considered a malfunction of the immune system and can be associated with IgG4-related systemic disease, in which symptoms of autoimmune
34:
282:
Most types of thyroiditis are three to five times more likely to be found in women than in men. The average age of onset is between thirty and fifty years of age. This disease tends to be geographical and seasonal, and is most common in summer and fall.
295:
unnoticed for years. The first symptom that shows signs of
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a goiter on the front of the neck. Depending on the severity of the disease and how much it has progressed, doctors then decide what steps are taken for treatment.
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1093:
1078:
78:
There are many different signs and symptoms for thyroiditis, none of which are exclusively limited to this disease. Many of the signs imitate symptoms of other diseases, so thyroiditis can sometimes be difficult to diagnose. Common
266:
getting bigger. However, Hashimoto's thyroiditis can initially present with excessive thyroid hormone being released from the thyroid gland (hyperthyroid). In this case the patient may only need bed rest and
590:
Vassaux G, Zwarthoed C, Signetti L, Guglielmi J, Compin C, Guigonis JM, et al. (January 2018). "Iodinated
Contrast Agents Perturb Iodide Uptake by the Thyroid Independently of Free Iodide".
105:, which works in the same way as antibodies to cause inflammation in the glands, such as in the case of subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (de Quervain). Certain people make
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849:
711:
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816:
431:"RNA Sequencing Reveals Unique Transcriptomic Signatures of the Thyroid in a Murine Lung Cancer Model Treated with PD-1 and PD-L1 Antibodies"
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137:, work-up will include causes of thyroiditis as well as causes of hyperthyroidism. In some types of thyroiditis, a
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230:
206:
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746:
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1123:
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270:; however, some need steroids to reduce inflammation and to control palpitations. Also, doctors may prescribe
133:
Diagnosis of thyroiditis depends on the specific cause and clinical context. When the initial presentation is
165:
is expected to show reduced blood flow in thyroiditis vs. hyperthyroidism. Blood tests will usually include
1002:
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Above shows two parts of the thyroid that could potentially be affected if diagnosed with thyroiditis.
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194:
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122:
67:
482:"Peak systolic velocity of superior thyroid artery for the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis"
229:
Thyroiditis is a group of disorders that all cause thyroidal inflammation. Forms of the disease are
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to lower the heart rate and reduce tremors, until the initial hyperthyroid period has resolved.
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Pollack R, Stokar J, Lishinsky N, Gurt I, Kaisar-Iluz N, Shaul ME, et al. (June 2023).
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113:, because the body acts as if the thyroid gland is foreign tissue. Some drugs, such as
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63:
51:
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1163:
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170:
348:
1128:
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541:"Tc MIBI Scintigraphy for Classification of Amiodarone-induced Thyrotoxicosis"
154:
114:
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agent may lead to falsely low uptake due to saturation with iodine.
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158:
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142:
786:
689:
480:
Zhao X, Chen L, Li L, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhou L, et al. (2012).
220:
66:. The thyroid gland is located on the front of the neck below the
693:
193:
for diagnosis of thyroiditis is the lack of tracer uptake in a
539:
Itzkovich D, Ben-Haim S, Godefroy J, Stokar J (January 2023).
209:. Importantly, recent exposure to an intravenous iodine based
225:
Microscopic image showing inflammation of the thyroid tissue
405:"Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Symptoms, Diet, and Treatments"
233:, the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the US,
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1149:
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883:
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685:
American
Thyroid Association, "What is Thyroiditis"
656:"Beta blockers in the treatment of hyperthyroidism"
45:
26:
375:
189:may be elevated in some forms of thyroiditis. The
70:, and makes hormones that control metabolism.
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8:
435:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
268:non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications
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880:
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690:
342:
340:
32:
23:
850:Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia
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556:
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505:
456:
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654:Ross D (November 2023). Cooper D (ed.).
355:. American Academy of Family Physicians
336:
109:, and thyroiditis can be considered an
7:
896:Abadie's sign of exophthalmic goiter
635:. American Thyroid Association. 2018
374:De Groot LJ, Nobuyuki A, Takashi A.
169:as well levels of specific thyroid
14:
872:Amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis
16:Inflammation of the thyroid gland
157:can be utilized to check for an
177:. Inflammatory markers such as
183:erythrocyte sedimentation rate
1:
662:. Waltham, MA: Wolters Kluwer
247:radiation-induced thyroiditis
123:immune check point inhibitors
507:10.1371/journal.pone.0050051
403:Ferry R (8 September 2007).
245:, drug-induced thyroiditis,
125:can also cause thyroiditis.
592:Journal of Nuclear Medicine
62:is the inflammation of the
1207:
845:Thyroid hormone resistance
1036:Toxic multinodular goiter
794:Thyroid dyshormonogenesis
769:Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome
747:Congenital hypothyroidism
604:10.2967/jnumed.117.195685
384:. Thyroid Disease Manager
377:"Hashimoto's Thryoiditis"
40:
31:
195:radionuclide uptake scan
862:Thyrotoxicosis factitia
764:Euthyroid sick syndrome
292:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
231:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
938:Graves' ophthalmopathy
558:10.1210/jcemcr/luac011
347:Patel DS (June 2023).
235:postpartum thyroiditis
226:
179:white blood cell count
167:thyroid function tests
151:infectious thyroiditis
876:Hyperthyroid myopathy
803:Hypothyroid myopathy
448:10.3390/ijms241310526
224:
145:and/or tenderness to
1031:Toxic nodular goiter
975:Subacute lymphocytic
255:Riedel's thyroiditis
239:subacute thyroiditis
153:is suspected a neck
68:laryngeal prominence
892:Signs and symptoms
773:Signs and symptoms
498:2012PLoSO...750051Z
320:Hashimoto's disease
1150:External resources
931:Pretibial myxedema
243:silent thyroiditis
227:
199:radioactive iodine
187:c-reactive protein
163:Color flow doppler
111:autoimmune disease
107:thyroid antibodies
74:Signs and symptoms
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1172:
1058:
1057:
946:
945:
840:Hyperthyroxinemia
812:Hoffmann syndrome
799:Pickardt syndrome
777:Queen Anne's sign
737:Iodine deficiency
545:JCEM Case Reports
251:acute thyroiditis
121:(AIT type-2) and
57:
56:
21:Medical condition
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960:Acute infectious
906:Dalrymple's sign
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353:Familydoctor.org
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143:enlarged thyroid
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1186:Thyroid disease
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921:Griffith's sign
911:Stellwag's sign
885:Graves' disease
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832:Hyperthyroidism
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721:Thyroid disease
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1065:Classification
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1048:Colloid nodule
1043:Thyroid nodule
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1026:Endemic goitre
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679:External links
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598:(1): 121–126.
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492:(11): e50051.
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310:Hashitoxicosis
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305:Hypothyroidism
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217:Classification
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211:radio-contrast
203:technetium-99m
141:may reveal an
135:thyrotoxicosis
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35:
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782:Woltman sign
664:. Retrieved
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637:. Retrieved
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278:Epidemiology
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228:
132:
95:
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59:
58:
18:
1014:Enlargement
993:Hashimoto's
952:Thyroiditis
926:Möbius sign
409:MedicineNet
117:, lithium,
81:hypothyroid
60:Thyroiditis
27:Thyroiditis
1180:Categories
1135:DiseasesDB
998:Postpartum
987:Autoimmune
331:References
171:antibodies
155:ultrasound
119:amiodarone
115:interferon
1159:eMedicine
989:/chronic
980:Palpation
742:Cretinism
639:8 October
359:8 October
261:Treatment
147:palpation
129:Diagnosis
47:Specialty
1164:ped/2248
1003:Riedel's
965:Subacute
787:Myoedema
754:Myxedema
660:UpToDate
612:29051343
577:37908259
568:10578384
526:23166817
486:PLOS ONE
467:37445704
458:10341615
299:See also
207:setamibi
197:such as
103:bacteria
1129:D013966
916:lid lag
666:27 July
517:3500337
494:Bibcode
414:9 March
388:3 March
287:History
159:abscess
1021:Goitre
610:
575:
565:
524:
514:
465:
455:
92:Causes
1140:13095
173:and
149:. If
99:virus
1124:MeSH
1113:9-CM
1088:5A03
817:LEMS
807:KDSS
668:2017
641:2018
629:(en)
608:PMID
573:PMID
522:PMID
463:PMID
416:2008
390:2008
361:2018
185:and
1118:245
1109:ICD
1103:E06
1094:ICD
1079:ICD
600:doi
563:PMC
553:doi
512:PMC
502:doi
453:PMC
443:doi
382:TDM
205:or
101:or
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