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and victuals sufficient enough for several years. He ordered the chief (admiral) not to return until they had reached the extremity of the ocean, or if they had exhausted the provisions and the water. They set out. Their absence extended over a long period, and, at last, only one boat returned. On our questioning, the captain said: 'Prince, we have navigated for a long time, until we saw in the midst of the ocean as if a big river was flowing violently. My boat was the last one; others were ahead of me. As soon as any of them reached this place, it drowned in the whirlpool and never came out. I sailed backward to escape this current.'
474:
692:). Against the advice of experienced folk, she offers a young fisherman a huge sum of money to take her over. At the last moment, Royal Naval Officer Torquil steps into the boat, and after a squall knocks the engine out of commission, they face the whirlpool. Torquil manages to repair the engine before the tide turns, and they return to the mainland. This part of the picture uses footage Powell filmed, while tied to a mast to leave both hands free for the camera, at Corryvreckan, incorporated into scenes shot in a huge tank at the studio.
454:(3.0 m) deep lake was now 1,300 feet (400 m) deep. This mishap caused a sinkhole, and in the end, resulted in the destruction of five houses, the loss of nineteen barges and eight tug boats, oil rigs, a mobile home, trees, acres of land, and most of a botanical garden. The adjacent settlement of Jefferson Island was reduced in area by 10%. A crater 0.5 miles (0.8 km) across was left behind. Nine of the barges, which had sunk, later resurfaced after the whirlpool subsided.
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594:. And when one only out of all the men who had been in these ships, still breathing, swam over the waves, while the rest were dying, he came, swept by the force of the receding waters, up to the edge of that most frightful abyss. And when now he beheld yawning before him the deep chaos whose end he could not see, and half dead from very fear, expected to be hurled into it, suddenly in a way that he could not have hoped he was cast upon a certain rock and sat him down.
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The ruler who preceded me did not believe that it was impossible to reach the extremity of the ocean that encircles the earth (meaning
Atlantic), and wanted to reach that (end) and obstinately persisted in the design. So he equipped two hundred boats full of men, like many others full of gold, water
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Cólman mac
Beognai has set sail to come here and is now in great danger in the surging tides of the whirlpool of Corryvreckan. Sitting in the prow, he lifts up his hands to heaven and blesses the turbulent, terrible seas. Yet the Lord terrifies him in this way, not so that the ship in which he sits
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Not very far from this shore... toward the western side, on which the ocean main lies open without end, is that very deep whirlpool of waters which we call by its familiar name "the navel of the sea". This is said to suck in the waves and spew them forth again twice every day. ... They say there is
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after a drilling mishap on
November 20, 1980. This was not a naturally occurring whirlpool, but a disaster caused by underwater drillers breaking through the roof of a salt mine. The lake then drained into the mine until the mine filled and the water levels equalized, but the formerly 10-foot
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to the west can drive the waters of
Corryvreckan to waves of more than 9 metres (30 ft), and the roar of the resulting maelstrom, which reaches speeds of 18 km/h (11 mph), can be heard 16 km (10 mi) away. Though it was classified initially as non-navigable by the
586:, and with this fact the coasts of the Seine region and of Aquitaine agree, for they are filled twice a day with such sudden inundations that any one who may by chance be found only a little inward from the shore can hardly getaway. I have heard a certain high nobleman of the
399:, USA. It is given the epithet "pig-like" as it makes a screeching noise when the vortex is at its full fury and reaches speeds of as much as 27.6 km/h (17.1 mph). The smaller whirlpools around this Old Sow are known as "Piglets".
262:
describe it as a gigantic circular vortex that reaches the bottom of the ocean, when in fact it is a set of currents and crosscurrents with a rate of 18 km/h (11 mph). Poe described this phenomenon in his short story
228:. It is the second strongest whirlpool in the world with flow currents reaching speeds as high as 32 km/h (20 mph). This is supposedly the whirlpool depicted in Olaus Magnus's map, labeled as "Horrenda Caribdis" (
688:) is determined to get to the Isle of Kiloran and marry her fiancé. Dangerous weather delays her crossing, and her determination becomes desperate when she realizes that she is falling in love with Torquil MacNeil (
442:) is a narrow and treacherous stretch of water that separates D'Urville Island from the north end of the South Island of New Zealand. In 2000 a whirlpool there caught student divers, resulting in fatalities.
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721:(otherwise unconnected) both feature a scene where the protagonists' ship escapes pursuit by successfully navigating a massive whirlpool, while the pursuing vessel fails to do so and is dragged under.
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B. Gjevik, H. Moe and A Ommundseb, "Strong
Topographic Enhancement of Tidal Currents: Tales of the Maelstrom", University of Oslo, working paper, 5 September 1997. A condensed version published as
461:, on the Oklahoma–Texas border, near the floodgates of the dam that forms the lake. At the time of the whirlpool's formation, the lake was being drained after reaching its highest level ever. The
188:. It has one of the strongest tidal currents in the world. Whirlpools up to 10 metres (33 ft) in diameter and 5 metres (16 ft) in depth are formed when the current is at its strongest.
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produced by opposing currents or a current running into an obstacle. Small whirlpools form when a bath or a sink is draining. More powerful ones formed in seas or oceans may be called
349:. The mannequin was swallowed and spat up far down current with a depth gauge reading of 262 m (860 ft) and evidence of being dragged along the bottom for a great distance.
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Powerful whirlpools have killed unlucky seafarers, but their power tends to be exaggerated by laymen. One of the few reports of a large disaster comes from the fourteenth-century
665:, attributes to the saint miraculous knowledge of a particular bishop who sailed into a whirlpool off the coast of Ireland. In Adomnan's narrative, he quotes Columba saying
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Baron PA, Willeke K (1986) Respirable droplets from whirlpools: measurements of size distribution and estimation of disease potential. Environ Res 39, 8–18.
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takes place with both ships sailing inside a giant whirlpool which appears to be over a kilometer wide and several hundred meters deep. The fantasy novels
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A more recent example of an artificial whirlpool that received significant media coverage occurred in early June 2015, when an intake vortex formed in
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should be overwhelmed and wrecked by the waves, but rather to rouse him to pray more fervently that he may sail through the peril and reach us here.
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The basin of the whirlpool is 1,700 feet (518 meters) long and 1,200 feet (365 meters) wide. Its maximum water depth is 125 feet (38 meters).
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131:. Many stories tell of ships being sucked into a maelstrom, although only smaller craft are actually in danger. Smaller whirlpools appear at
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UK and US co-production by
Northlight, "Lethal Seas" UK Channel 4, "Sea Twister!" US Discovery Channel, covers several notable maelstroms.
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in the
English language; in this story related to the Lofoten Maelstrom, two fishermen are swallowed by the maelstrom while one survives.
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Three of the most notable literary references to the
Lofoten Maelstrom date from the nineteenth century. The first is a short story by
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465:, which operates the dam and lake, expected that the whirlpool would last until the lake reached normal seasonal levels by late July.
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Research articles on whirlpools and related topics by Hubert
Chanson, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland
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966:(English: Is Saltstraumen really the worlds strongest tidal current?), from NRK (www.nrk.no), 7 May 2016, Accessed 17 January 2021
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796:('stream'), to form the meaning 'grinding current' or literally 'mill-stream', in the sense of milling (grinding) grain.
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1223:"In the matter of an inquest into the deaths of Narelle Taniko te Pure, Ricki Graeme McDonald and Michael David Welsh"
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are located in the Naruto Strait near Awaji Island in Japan, which have speeds of 26 km/h (16 mph).
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disaster, have been recorded as capable of submerging medium-sized watercraft such as barges and tugboats.
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The
Moskstraumen is formed by the combination of powerful semi-diurnal tides and the unusual shape of the
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relating that a number of ships, shattered at first by a tempest, were afterward devoured by this same
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was later rationalized as a whirlpool, which sucked entire ships into its fold in the narrow coast of
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Underground Rivers: From the River Styx to the Rio San Buenaventura, with occasional diversions
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551:, the Greek historian, also mentioned that maelstroms swallowed ships and threw them up again.
373:. Located mostly in Canada and partially in the United States, the whirlpool is crossed by the
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The Not Terribly Good Book of Heroic Failures: An intrepid selection from the original volumes
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This article is about the water movement. For the American home appliances manufacturer, see
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Moskstraumen or Moske-stroom is an unusual system of whirlpools in the open seas in the
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and the maelstrom for a Mediterranean audience unused to such violent tidal surges:
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1431:"An 'End of the World' Scene: Earth Swallows Lake, Oil Rig - The Washington Post"
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another whirlpool of this kind between the island of Britain and the province of
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However, temporary whirlpools caused by major engineering disasters, such as the
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In narrow ocean straits with fast flowing water, whirlpools are often caused by
1365:"Echos of What Lies Behind the 'Ocean of Fogs' in Muslim Historical Narratives"
1113:
Thriving in the Crosscurrent: Clarity and Hope in a Time of Cultural Sea Change
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A short-lived whirlpool sucked in a portion of the 1,300-acre (530 ha)
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were seen to have survived). The "Norway maelstrom" is also mentioned in
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An illustration from Jules Verne's essay "Edgard Poë et ses œuvres" (
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Body of rotating water produced by the meeting of opposing currents
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whirlpool in Scotland is the third-largest whirlpool in the world.
31:
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Why Sailors Can't Swim and Other Marvellous Maritime Curiosities
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Besides Poe and Verne, another literary source is of the 1500s,
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and can be observed downstream of artificial structures such as
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sucked in ships, which sank to the bottom of the sea, and even
1453:
Dictionary of Nature Myths: Legends of the Earth, Sea, and Sky
1322:"Levels at Lake Texoma decrease; rare look at intake vortex"
991:
Sea Monsters: A Voyage around the World's Most Beguiling Map
964:"Er Saltstraumen egentlig verdens sterkeste tidevannsstrøm?"
95:
68:
83:
1526:
Adomnan of Iona. Life of St Columba. Penguin Books, 1995
674:
The Corryvreckan whirlpool plays a key role in the 1945
317:. It is the third-largest whirlpool in the world. Flood
333:
A documentary team from Scottish independent producers
247:
islands which amplifies and whirls the tidal currents.
757:" (1841). The Nordic word itself is derived from the
176:
Saltstraumen is a narrow strait located close to the
107:
74:
1537:"I Know Where I'm Going (1945) - Articles - TCM.com"
1353:. Mythbustersresults.com. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
1287:. Richard Heggen. pp. 1108–. GGKEY:BS7JB1BB957.
180:, 33 km (20 mi) south-east of the city of
92:
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71:
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1992:
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422:is a tidal rapids that develops whirlpools, on the
365:About three miles (4.8 kilometers) downstream from
330:it was later categorized as "extremely dangerous".
98:
86:
65:
62:
1561:
634:submarine into the Maelstrom (although in Verne's
2614:North West Shelf Operational Oceanographic System
250:The fictional depictions of the Moskstraumen by
2604:Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis
1490:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 8.
667:
579:
499:
267:", which in 1841 was the first to use the word
1564:The Merriam-Webster new book of word histories
940:A Young Scientist's Guide to Defying Disasters
481:, 1862) drawn by Frederic Lix or Yan' Dargent.
120:is the proper term for a whirlpool that has a
1656:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
8:
1196:"Niagara Falls Geology: Facts & Figures"
994:, University of Chicago Press, p. 122,
905:. The Hamlyn Publishing Group. p. 246.
573:, who had lived among the Belgii, described
437:
1051:Gjevik, B.; Moe, H.; Ommundsen, A. (1997).
932:
930:
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926:
924:
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737:One of the earliest uses in English of the
200:The maelstrom off Norway as illustrated by
1663:
1649:
1641:
903:The Family Encyclopedia of Natural History
1228:. Nelson District Coroner. Archived from
1079:
1029:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 78–79.
341:into the Corryvreckan ("the Hag") with a
1456:. Oxford University Press. p. 171.
1351:MythBusters Episode 56: Killer Whirlpool
1299:"And away goes the lake down the drain!"
728:
698:Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End
401:
195:
159:
891:. WebEcoist. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
856:
384:Other notable maelstroms and whirlpools
1935:one-dimensional Saint-Venant equations
1568:. Merriam-Webster, Inc. 1991. p.
1417:Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas
975:Encyclopædia Britannica, 1958 edition.
619:Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas
395:, Canada, and Moose Island, Eastport,
769:
630:seems to commit suicide, sending his
7:
2882:
1260:. Faber & Faber. pp. 146–.
1612:. Henry & Sweetlands. pp.
865:"Whirlpool - Facts and Information"
239:, with a shallow ridge between the
2762:National Oceanographic Data Center
2189:World Ocean Circulation Experiment
2077:Global Ocean Data Analysis Project
1281:Richard Heggen (16 January 2015).
566:, a disaster faced by navigators.
14:
2609:Global Sea Level Observing System
1630:- a powerful artificial whirlpool
1110:James Kenney (19 December 2012).
529:In literature and popular culture
493:, as reported by a contemporary,
2892:
2881:
2872:
2871:
2067:Geochemical Ocean Sections Study
1983:
1972:
1484:Deacon, Paul the (3 June 2011).
820:
806:
391:is located between Deer Island,
58:
2797:Ocean thermal energy conversion
2520:Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis
1254:Stephen Pile (4 October 2012).
901:Carreck, Rosalind, ed. (1982).
733:A whirlpool in a glass of water
701:, the final battle between the
1116:. Quest Books. pp. 143–.
792:('to mill' or 'to grind') and
309:, on the northern side of the
1:
1628:The Demopolis Lock whirlpools
1380:(Quoting from Al-Umari 1927,
1320:Smith, Chelsi (8 June 2015).
1243:– via Dive New Zealand.
1202:. Government of Ontario. 2023
1023:Compton, Nic (28 July 2013).
937:Doyle, James (1 March 2012).
293:The Corryvreckan is a narrow
147:, produce strong whirlpools.
2057:El Niño–Southern Oscillation
2027:Craik–Leibovich vortex force
1783:Luke's variational principle
1408:A Descent into the Maelström
1221:Smith, I R (14 April 2003).
1164:Dombrowski, Joel A. (2020).
755:A Descent into the Maelström
626:. At the end of this novel,
614:A Descent into the Maelström
265:A Descent into the Maelström
1606:Blake, John Lauris (1845).
1167:Niagara Falls: With Buffalo
943:. Gibbs Smith. p. 15.
2946:
2122:Ocean dynamical thermostat
1970:
1053:"Sources of the Maelstrom"
278:
213:
169:
25:Whirlpool (disambiguation)
18:
2867:
2657:Ocean acoustic tomography
2470:Mohorovičić discontinuity
2062:General circulation model
1698:Benjamin–Feir instability
889:10 Magnificent Maelstroms
2787:Ocean surface topography
2162:Thermohaline circulation
2152:Subsurface ocean current
2092:Hydrothermal circulation
1925:Wave–current interaction
1703:Boussinesq approximation
1609:The Wonders of the Ocean
616:" (1841). The second is
569:During the 8th century,
518:are entirely fictional.
451:Louisiana, United States
2824:Sea surface temperature
2807:Outline of oceanography
2002:Atmospheric circulation
1940:shallow water equations
1930:Waves and shallow water
1823:Significant wave height
1487:History of the Lombards
1450:Andrews, Tamra (2000).
1399:History of the Lombards
1301:. Archive of tripod.com
681:I Know Where I'm Going!
601:History of the Lombards
479:Edgar Poe and his Works
463:Army Corps of Engineers
297:between the islands of
2819:Sea surface microlayer
2184:Wind generated current
1138:"Equinox: Lethal Seas"
784:
734:
676:Powell and Pressburger
672:
606:
504:
495:Ibn Fadlallah al-Umari
482:
438:
409:
362:
335:Northlight Productions
290:
289:Corryvreckan whirlpool
211:
167:
48:is a body of rotating
41:
23:. For other uses, see
2652:Deep scattering layer
2634:World Geodetic System
2142:Princeton Ocean Model
2022:Coriolis–Stokes force
1672:Physical oceanography
1541:Turner Classic Movies
1363:Mohammed Hamidullah.
841:Eddy (fluid dynamics)
771:[ˈmaːlstroːm]
732:
476:
405:
360:
288:
199:
163:
111:-strom, -strəm
35:
21:Whirlpool Corporation
2672:Underwater acoustics
2232:Perigean spring tide
2097:Langmuir circulation
1808:Rossby-gravity waves
753:in his short story "
506:Tales like those by
420:Skookumchuck Narrows
343:high-visibility vest
321:and inflow from the
311:Gulf of Corryvreckan
38:Gulf of Corryvreckan
2834:Science On a Sphere
2440:Convergent boundary
2112:Modular Ocean Model
2072:Geostrophic current
1788:Mild-slope equation
1436:The Washington Post
1328:-TV. Archived from
1072:1997Natur.388..837G
622:(1870), a novel by
2490:Seafloor spreading
2480:Outer trench swell
2445:Divergent boundary
2345:Continental margin
2330:Carbonate platform
2227:Lunitidal interval
1402:(8th century AD);
1235:on 26 January 2016
869:World of Phenomena
814:Environment portal
782:; modern spelling
735:
483:
410:
375:Whirlpool Aero Car
363:
291:
212:
168:
151:Notable whirlpools
42:
2907:
2906:
2899:Oceans portal
2859:World Ocean Atlas
2849:Underwater glider
2792:Ocean temperature
2455:Hydrothermal vent
2420:Submarine volcano
2355:Continental shelf
2335:Coastal geography
2325:Bathymetric chart
2207:Amphidromic point
1895:Wave nonlinearity
1753:Infragravity wave
1579:978-0-87779-603-9
1497:978-0-8122-0558-9
1463:978-0-19-513677-7
1267:978-0-571-27734-6
1172:Avalon Publishing
1123:978-0-8356-3019-1
1099:on 14 April 2004.
1066:(6645): 837–838.
1036:978-1-4081-9263-4
1001:978-0-226-92518-9
950:978-1-4236-2441-7
695:In the 2007 film
644:Herman Melville's
599:Paul the Deacon,
414:Naruto whirlpools
407:Naruto whirlpools
389:Old Sow whirlpool
371:Niagara Whirlpool
361:Niagara Whirlpool
353:Niagara Whirlpool
2937:
2897:
2896:
2885:
2884:
2875:
2874:
2814:Pelagic sediment
2752:Marine pollution
2546:Deep ocean water
2415:Submarine canyon
2350:Continental rise
2242:Rule of twelfths
2157:Sverdrup balance
2087:Humboldt Current
2012:Boundary current
1987:
1976:
1793:Radiation stress
1763:Iribarren number
1738:Equatorial waves
1693:Ballantine scale
1688:Airy wave theory
1665:
1658:
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1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1567:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1510:Herman Melville
1508:
1502:
1501:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1427:
1421:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1234:
1227:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1161:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1144:on 20 March 2014
1140:. Archived from
1134:
1128:
1127:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1092:. Archived from
1083:
1057:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1020:
1005:
1004:
982:
976:
973:
967:
961:
955:
954:
934:
917:
916:
898:
892:
886:
880:
879:
877:
875:
861:
830:
825:
824:
816:
811:
810:
787:
781:
780:
779:
773:
768:
684:. Joan Webster (
604:
547:were pulled in.
441:
428:British Columbia
139:and dams. Large
110:
105:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
76:
73:
70:
67:
64:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2920:Natural hazards
2910:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2891:
2863:
2702:
2676:
2638:
2619:Sea-level curve
2590:
2529:
2515:Transform fault
2465:Mid-ocean ridge
2431:
2424:
2390:Oceanic plateau
2296:
2282:Tidal resonance
2252:Theory of tides
2193:
2102:Longshore drift
2052:Ekman transport
1988:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1968:
1920:Wave turbulence
1853:Trochoidal wave
1778:Longshore drift
1674:
1669:
1624:
1605:
1599:
1597:Further reading
1594:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1545:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1404:Edgar Allan Poe
1394:Paul the Deacon
1392:
1388:
1373:
1371:
1369:Muslim Heritage
1362:
1361:
1357:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1332:on 30 June 2015
1324:. Sherman, TX:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1182:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1147:
1145:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1096:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1022:
1021:
1008:
1002:
984:
983:
979:
974:
970:
962:
958:
951:
936:
935:
920:
913:
900:
899:
895:
887:
883:
873:
871:
863:
862:
858:
854:
836:Coriolis effect
826:
819:
812:
805:
802:
776:
775:
774:
766:
751:Edgar Allan Poe
727:
707:Flying Dutchman
663:Adomnan of Iona
610:Edgar Allan Poe
605:
598:
571:Paul the Deacon
560:Greek mythology
531:
512:Edgar Allan Poe
508:Paul the Deacon
471:
386:
355:
307:Argyll and Bute
283:
277:
252:Edgar Allan Poe
226:Norwegian coast
222:Lofoten Islands
218:
194:
174:
158:
153:
108:
91:
61:
57:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2943:
2941:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2912:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2889:
2879:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2839:Stratification
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2731:
2729:Color of water
2726:
2724:Benthic lander
2721:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2648:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2629:Sea level rise
2626:
2624:Sea level drop
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2460:Marine geology
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2436:
2434:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2400:Passive margin
2397:
2395:Oceanic trench
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2127:Ocean dynamics
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2017:Coriolis force
2014:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1838:Stokes problem
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1773:Kinematic wave
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1684:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1623:
1622:External links
1620:
1619:
1618:
1603:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1578:
1553:
1528:
1519:
1503:
1496:
1476:
1462:
1442:
1422:
1410:" (1841); and
1386:
1355:
1343:
1312:
1290:
1273:
1266:
1246:
1213:
1187:
1180:
1156:
1129:
1122:
1102:
1042:
1035:
1006:
1000:
977:
968:
956:
949:
918:
911:
893:
881:
855:
853:
850:
849:
848:
843:
838:
832:
831:
817:
801:
798:
726:
723:
661:, the author,
596:
530:
527:
470:
467:
424:Sunshine Coast
385:
382:
354:
351:
323:Firth of Lorne
279:Main article:
276:
273:
214:Main article:
193:
190:
170:Main article:
157:
154:
152:
149:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2942:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2888:
2880:
2878:
2870:
2869:
2866:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2747:Marine energy
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2714:Acidification
2712:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2667:SOFAR channel
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:Oceanic crust
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2450:Fracture zone
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2385:Oceanic basin
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2315:Abyssal plain
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2222:Internal tide
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2117:Ocean current
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1975:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1915:Wave shoaling
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1875:Ursell number
1873:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1758:Internal wave
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1708:Breaking wave
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1661:
1659:
1654:
1652:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1581:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1557:
1554:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1517:, Wikisource.
1516:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1499:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1480:
1477:
1465:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1446:
1443:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1370:
1366:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1316:
1313:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1274:
1269:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1250:
1247:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1214:
1201:
1200:Niagara Parks
1197:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1181:9781640493940
1177:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1160:
1157:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1103:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1081:10.1038/42159
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1046:
1043:
1038:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
997:
993:
992:
987:
981:
978:
972:
969:
965:
960:
957:
952:
946:
942:
941:
933:
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
919:
914:
912:0-7112-0225-7
908:
904:
897:
894:
890:
885:
882:
870:
866:
860:
857:
851:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
833:
829:
823:
818:
815:
809:
804:
799:
797:
795:
791:
786:
778:
772:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
731:
724:
722:
720:
719:
718:The Bellmaker
714:
713:
708:
704:
700:
699:
693:
691:
690:Roger Livesey
687:
683:
682:
677:
671:
666:
664:
660:
659:
652:
650:
649:
645:
641:
638:Nemo and the
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
620:
615:
611:
602:
595:
593:
589:
585:
578:
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
557:
552:
550:
546:
542:
541:
536:
528:
526:
524:
523:Lake Peigneur
519:
517:
513:
509:
503:
498:
496:
492:
488:
480:
475:
468:
466:
464:
460:
455:
452:
448:
447:Lake Peigneur
443:
440:
435:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
415:
408:
404:
400:
398:
394:
393:New Brunswick
390:
383:
381:
378:
376:
372:
368:
367:Niagara Falls
359:
352:
350:
348:
344:
340:
337:once threw a
336:
331:
329:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
287:
282:
274:
272:
270:
266:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
233:
231:
227:
223:
217:
209:
208:
203:
198:
191:
189:
187:
183:
179:
178:Arctic Circle
173:
166:
162:
155:
150:
148:
146:
145:Niagara Falls
142:
138:
134:
130:
125:
123:
119:
118:
113:
112:
103:
55:
51:
47:
39:
34:
30:
26:
22:
2854:Water column
2802:Oceanography
2777:Observations
2772:Explorations
2742:Marginal sea
2735:
2693:OSTM/Jason-2
2525:Volcanic arc
2500:Slab suction
2217:Head of tide
2178:
2107:Loop Current
2047:Ekman spiral
1833:Stokes drift
1743:Gravity wave
1718:Cnoidal wave
1608:
1583:. Retrieved
1563:
1556:
1544:. Retrieved
1540:
1531:
1522:
1511:
1506:
1486:
1479:
1467:. Retrieved
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207:Carta Marina
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192:Moskstraumen
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172:Saltstraumen
165:Saltstraumen
156:Saltstraumen
133:river rapids
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2561:Mesopelagic
2534:Ocean zones
2505:Slab window
2370:Hydrography
2310:Abyssal fan
2277:Tidal range
2267:Tidal power
2262:Tidal force
2147:Rip current
2082:Gulf Stream
2042:Ekman layer
2032:Downwelling
2007:Baroclinity
1994:Circulation
1890:Wave height
1880:Wave action
1863:megatsunami
1843:Stokes wave
1803:Rossby wave
1768:Kelvin wave
1748:Green's law
1412:Jules Verne
846:Rip current
703:Black Pearl
624:Jules Verne
575:tidal bores
516:Jules Verne
487:Mali Empire
459:Lake Texoma
434:French Pass
347:depth gauge
256:Jules Verne
241:Moskenesøya
2930:Whirlpools
2914:Categories
2782:Reanalysis
2681:Satellites
2662:Sofar bomb
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2485:Ridge push
2380:Ocean bank
2360:Contourite
2287:Tide gauge
2272:Tidal race
2257:Tidal bore
2247:Slack tide
2212:Earth tide
2132:Ocean gyre
1952:Wind setup
1947:Wind fetch
1910:Wave setup
1905:Wave radar
1900:Wave power
1798:Rogue wave
1728:Dispersion
1515:Chapter 36
1239:2 February
1148:2 February
874:28 October
852:References
785:maalstroom
767:pronounced
658:St Columba
491:Mansa Musa
328:Royal Navy
143:, such as
54:maelstroms
2644:Acoustics
2596:Sea level
2495:Slab pull
2432:tectonics
2340:Cold seep
2302:Landforms
2179:Whirlpool
2174:Upwelling
1957:Wind wave
1885:Wave base
1813:Sea state
1733:Edge wave
1723:Cross sea
1546:13 August
1512:Moby-Dick
1090:205030149
763:maelstrom
725:Etymology
648:Moby-Dick
592:Charybdis
556:Charybdis
439:Te Aumiti
339:mannequin
269:maelstrom
260:Cixin Liu
230:Charybdis
141:cataracts
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2925:Vortices
2877:Category
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2167:shutdown
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2757:Mooring
2707:Related
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2541:Benthic
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1680:Waves
1233:(PDF)
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759:Dutch
741:word
678:film
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