401:
62:
393:
845:
555:
44:
581:, 50–70 cm long and 30–40 cm broad, with 10–40 leaflets, the terminal leaflet usually absent (paripinnate) but sometimes present (imparipennate); the individual leaflets 9–15 cm long and 2.5–4 cm broad, with an entire or weakly serrated margin. The young leaves are reddish-brown or purple, and have a smell. The
751:
or commonly known as
Chinese Mahogany is used to make Toona paste, which is used as a condiment to serve with plain rice porridge as breakfast and simple meals, or to enhance the flavour of a dish or soup. Common dishes made with Toona paste are Chinese Mahogany fried rice, Chinese Mahogany beancurd,
1165:
1117:
837:, which is about 157 to 160 mg/kg. However, after boiling with water, the amount of nitrite left is only about 7 mg/kg, which is safe to eat. Because the content of nitrite will increase as time passes,
884:
is often used symbolically, with a mature tree representing a father. This manifests itself occasionally when expressing best wishes to a friend's father and mother in a letter, where one can write "wishing your
662:
propagation uses a piece of stem or root of mature plant to grow a new plant in media like moist soil. This method has a higher survival rate in saplings than other methods. Usually semi-
1459:"Quercetin Isolated from Toona sinensis Leaves Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Protects Hepatocytes in High-Carbohydrate/High-Fat Diet and Alloxan Induced Experimental Diabetic Mice"
771:
is hard and reddish; it is valuable, used for furniture, musical instruments such as guitars, and in woodcarving. This is a common (and substantially cheaper) replacement for
1039:
786:
for its haggard aspect. It is by far the most cold-tolerant species in the
Meliaceae and the only member of the family that can be cultivated successfully in northern
1388:
1838:
1582:"Quercetrin from Toona sinensis leaves induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via enhancement of oxidative stress in human colorectal cancer SW620 cells"
1249:
682:
stems are cut from mature plant and cultivated between late June and early July in East Asia, and time may differ depending on the actual planting area.
2016:
1773:
2029:
1786:
1071:
1062:
957:
Yousheng, C.; Sziklai, O. (1985), "Preliminary study on the germination of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) roem. seed from eleven
Chinese provenances",
1861:
1364:
1143:
1555:
1404:"Structural characterization and hepatoprotective activities of polysaccharides from the leaves of Toona sinensis (A. Juss) Roem"
589:
30–50 cm long at the end of a branch; each flower is small, 4–5 mm diameter, with five white or pale pink petals. The
2134:
2042:
1812:
1315:
902:
652:
are sowed between the late March and early April in East Asia, and the time may vary depending on the actual planting area.
1067:
894:
799:
1913:
1695:
744:
compounds. Plants with red young leaves are considered of better flavour than those where the young leaves are green.
640:, which is suitable for the need of mass cultivation. Seeds soaked in warm water for a moderate amount of time before
2065:
1900:
1843:
697:
983:
712:
trees from different regions and built a set of methods specifically for the tissue culture of rare varieties of
670:
process are hard to take root or root slowly and stems that have not lignified are easy to decay after planting.
2070:
2124:
1866:
671:
1905:
61:
2129:
1760:
195:
2008:
1765:
1752:
1009:
2003:
1747:
1638:
462:
1700:
2034:
482:
178:
1791:
1053:
400:
1403:
2057:
1853:
1721:
701:
1676:
705:
606:
501:
1580:
Zhang, Yali; Guo, Yucheng; Wang, Mimi; Dong, Huanhuan; Zhang, Jingfang; Zhang, Liyu (2017-12-01).
1244:‑1-propenyl)thioglycine, a naturally occurring norcysteine derivative, from the Chinese vegetable
2091:
1939:
1439:
1382:
877:
207:
56:
1008:
Hua Peng, David J. Mabberley, Caroline M. Pannell, Jennifer M. Edmonds & Bruce
Bartholomew.
1830:
1276:
1228:
Li J.-X., Eidman K., Gan X.-W., Haefliger O. P., J. Carroll P. J., Pika J. "Identification of (
1205:
1990:
1874:
1708:
1619:
1601:
1537:
1498:
1480:
1431:
1423:
1370:
1360:
1139:
1033:
199:
1879:
1609:
1593:
1529:
1488:
1470:
1415:
1159:
966:
518:, ranging from northern Korean peninsula through most of eastern, central, and southwestern
435:
1020:. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA
1092:
821:
extracted from leaves is found a natural antioxidant, and can act as a cancer preventive.
783:
659:
626:
594:
453:
99:
1316:"CITES TRADE CONTROLS TO TAKE EFFECT FOR MAHOGANY | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases"
1262:
1892:
2119:
1887:
1614:
1581:
1493:
1458:
810:
685:
630:
493:
473:
86:
1559:
775:
or "true mahogany", which is now commercially restricted from being sourced natively.
392:
2113:
1825:
970:
939:
667:
570:
1443:
2096:
1944:
1713:
741:
569:
growing to 25 metres (82 ft) tall with a trunk up to 70 cm diameter. The
1995:
1982:
1419:
1319:
1181:
1111:
1971:
1918:
1687:
1291:
1799:
1670:
844:
806:
are beneficial for digestion and cough problems, and can help to stop bleeding.
756:
420:
1517:
610:
in appearance, but their leaves smell differently. Toona has rough bark, while
1533:
861:
692:
started from the late 1980s in China. Successful cases include the culture of
135:
1661:
1605:
1541:
1484:
1427:
1374:
747:
In China and
Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia, the young leaves of
1734:
865:
853:
818:
733:
675:
645:
573:
is brown, smooth on young trees, becoming scaly to shaggy on old trees. The
563:
554:
543:
145:
2083:
1931:
1623:
1502:
1475:
1435:
43:
1354:
2078:
1965:
1926:
1655:
1597:
637:
539:
535:
112:
17:
1402:
Cao, Juan-Juan; Lv, Qing-Qing; Zhang, Bao; Chen, Han-Qing (2019-05-15).
2021:
1778:
890:
834:
817:
leaves can protect liver cells in high-fat or high-carbohydrate diets.
653:
625:
can reproduce both sexually and asexually, including seed propagation,
586:
578:
531:
1804:
708:
hormones. Since the 1980s, researchers have collected stems of mature
910:
787:
768:
663:
641:
582:
443:
125:
2047:
1632:
755:
The leaves contain
Vitamin E, and high amounts of iron, calcium and
656:
grown from seeds in spring can be transplanted with leaves in fall.
1817:
1739:
923:
metaphorically referring to the father and daylily to the mother.
843:
737:
666:
stems are used in planting because those that have undergone full
590:
553:
527:
523:
519:
510:
399:
391:
155:
73:
1457:
Zhang, Yali; Dong, Huanhuan; Wang, Mimi; Zhang, Jingfang (2016).
1726:
598:
574:
566:
515:
408:
1636:
1176:
1174:
678:
solutions can help with the rooting of cut stems. Normally,
467:
1955:
1645:
487:
1359:. Yizhen Cai, 蔡怡贞 (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi.
428:Chinese cedar, Chinese toon, beef and onion plant,
1341:Cassell's Trees of Britain & Northern Europe.
940:"Toona sinensis (Juss.) M.Roem. — The Plant List"
841:leaves are not suitable for long time storage.
636:Seed propagation can provide large quantity of
597:2–3.5 cm long, containing several winged
558:Leaf (unusual specimen with terminal leaflet)
8:
1038:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
736:in Chinese cuisine; they have a floral, yet
1130:
1128:
1126:
984:"Beef and Onion Plant Seeds | Suttons"
1633:
1387:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1250:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
42:
31:
1613:
1492:
1474:
1343:London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 709
1072:United States Department of Agriculture
1063:Germplasm Resources Information Network
931:
220:
1380:
1031:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
1154:
1152:
1106:
1104:
740:-like flavor, attributed to volatile
7:
2058:e18a6a72-0024-455d-9b6c-ce78fbe284bf
1854:81f5363b-9059-4f10-a4f1-9a910f05ee73
752:and Chinese Mahogany mushroom soup.
514:native to eastern and southeastern
2071:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60451548-2
25:
1339:More, D. & White, J. (2003).
337:Toona microcarpa var. grandifolia
329:Toona microcarpa var. denticulata
273:Cedrela sinensis var. schensiana
265:Cedrela sinensis var. lanceolata
1906:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579315-1
809:Recent researches find out that
369:Toona sinensis var. incarvillei
60:
1292:"Chinese toon (Toona sinensis)"
833:has a relative high content of
377:Toona sinensis var. schensiana
241:Cedrela longiflora var. kumaona
915:
906:
898:
448:
249:Cedrela serrata var. puberula
1:
1420:10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.031
1182:"香椿树_香椿树的养殖方法/香椿树的养护知识 - 花卉网"
1068:Agricultural Research Service
959:Forest Ecology and Management
848:The bark of Chinese Toon tree
380:(C. DC.) H. Li ex X.M. Chen
361:Toona sinensis var. hupehana
1558:. 2007-03-07. Archived from
1556:"香椿亚硝酸盐含量高 用沸水焯后再吃--环保--人民网"
1522:Pharmacy World & Science
1463:Journal of Diabetes Research
1356:Xiang cao yang sheng shu shi
1318:. 2016-06-05. Archived from
971:10.1016/0378-1127(85)90119-7
800:Traditional Chinese Medicine
1136:Trees of Britain and Europe
488:
468:
2151:
1353:You, Cixiong; 尤次雄 (2013).
1275:Oriental Vegetable Seeds:
1164:(in Chinese, with photos;
1116:(in Chinese, with photos;
782:is valued more as a large
732:are extensively used as a
585:are produced in summer in
51:Foliage and seed capsules
1534:10.1007/s11096-007-9175-2
1516:Mil, Foppe (2007-11-29).
1091:University of Melbourne:
477:
457:
439:
213:
206:
184:
177:
57:Scientific classification
55:
50:
41:
34:
763:Lumber and landscape use
1290:Brassica (2022-03-25).
893:are strong and happy" (
2135:Flora of tropical Asia
1296:World Vegetable Center
1134:Rushforth, K. (1999).
849:
559:
538:, and even present in
505:
497:
411:
397:
1408:Carbohydrate Polymers
1261:Plants for a Future:
847:
825:Chemical constituents
802:(TCM), the leaves of
648:. Normally, seeds of
557:
403:
396:A Toona sinensis tree
395:
1598:10.3892/or.2017.6042
1476:10.1155/2016/8492780
1252:2013 61 (7470−7476).
944:www.theplantlist.org
728:The young leaves of
225:Ailanthus flavescens
903:traditional Chinese
864:arrest and lead to
644:are more likely to
607:Ailanthus altissima
1166:google translation
1118:google translation
895:simplified Chinese
878:Chinese literature
860:leaves can induce
850:
724:Food and Nutrition
560:
508:) is a species of
412:
398:
364:(C. DC.) A. Chev.
2107:
2106:
1875:Open Tree of Life
1639:Taxon identifiers
1366:978-986-5837-11-2
1158:Taiwan Forestry:
1110:Hong Kong trees:
988:www.suttons.co.uk
614:has smooth bark.
604:It is similar to
486:
466:
390:
389:
381:
373:
365:
357:
349:
348:(Royle) M. Roem.
341:
333:
325:
317:
309:
305:Surenus serrulata
301:
293:
285:
281:Mioptrila odorata
277:
269:
261:
253:
245:
237:
229:
16:(Redirected from
2142:
2100:
2099:
2087:
2086:
2074:
2073:
2061:
2060:
2051:
2050:
2038:
2037:
2025:
2024:
2012:
2011:
1999:
1998:
1986:
1985:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1957:Cedrela sinensis
1948:
1947:
1935:
1934:
1922:
1921:
1909:
1908:
1896:
1895:
1883:
1882:
1870:
1869:
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1680:
1679:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1617:
1592:(6): 3319–3326.
1586:Oncology Reports
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
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1513:
1507:
1506:
1496:
1478:
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1447:
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1328:
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1302:
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1217:
1216:
1202:
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1193:
1192:
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1169:
1156:
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1121:
1108:
1099:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1037:
1029:
1027:
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1005:
992:
991:
980:
974:
973:
954:
948:
947:
936:
917:
908:
900:
629:propagation and
491:
481:
479:
471:
461:
459:
450:
441:
424:Chinese mahogany
379:
371:
363:
355:
347:
339:
331:
323:
315:
313:Surenus sinensis
307:
299:
292:(C. DC.) Kuntze
291:
283:
275:
267:
259:
257:Cedrela sinensis
251:
243:
235:
233:Ailanthus mairei
227:
190:
170:T. sinensis
65:
64:
46:
32:
21:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2125:Leaf vegetables
2110:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2095:
2090:
2082:
2077:
2069:
2064:
2056:
2054:
2046:
2041:
2033:
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2020:
2015:
2007:
2002:
1994:
1989:
1981:
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1930:
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1917:
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1899:
1891:
1886:
1878:
1873:
1865:
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1785:
1777:
1772:
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1720:
1712:
1707:
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1674:
1669:
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1659:
1654:
1641:
1631:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1565:
1563:
1562:on 7 March 2007
1554:
1553:
1549:
1515:
1514:
1510:
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1323:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1300:
1298:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1256:
1246:Toona sinensis.
1227:
1223:
1214:
1212:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1190:
1188:
1186:www.aihuhua.com
1180:
1179:
1172:
1157:
1150:
1133:
1124:
1109:
1102:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1030:
1023:
1021:
1007:
1006:
995:
982:
981:
977:
956:
955:
951:
938:
937:
933:
929:
916:chūnxuānbìngmào
874:
827:
811:polysaccharides
796:
784:ornamental tree
765:
726:
721:
714:Toona sinensis.
620:
552:
550:Characteristics
526:, northeastern
421:commonly called
386:
353:Toona serrulata
324:(C. DC.) Harms
316:(Juss.) Kuntze
300:(Royle) Kuntze
297:Surenus serrata
289:Surenus glabra
219:
218:
202:
192:
186:
173:
59:
28:
27:Species of tree
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2148:
2146:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2130:Trees of China
2127:
2122:
2112:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2097:wfo-0000592470
2088:
2075:
2062:
2052:
2039:
2026:
2013:
2000:
1987:
1977:
1961:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1945:wfo-0000455502
1936:
1923:
1910:
1897:
1884:
1871:
1858:
1848:
1835:
1822:
1809:
1796:
1783:
1770:
1757:
1744:
1731:
1718:
1705:
1692:
1682:
1677:Toona sinensis
1667:
1651:
1649:
1647:Toona sinensis
1643:
1642:
1637:
1630:
1629:
1572:
1547:
1508:
1449:
1394:
1365:
1345:
1332:
1307:
1282:
1278:Toona sinensis
1268:
1264:Toona sinensis
1254:
1236:)‑γ-glutamyl‑(
1221:
1197:
1170:
1161:Toona sinensis
1148:
1122:
1113:Toona sinensis
1100:
1084:
1056:Toona sinensis
1045:
1018:Flora of China
1012:Toona sinensis
993:
975:
965:(3): 269–281,
949:
930:
928:
925:
921:Toona sinensis
887:Toona sinensis
882:Toona sinensis
873:
870:
829:The leaves of
826:
823:
795:
792:
778:Outside Asia,
764:
761:
749:Toona sinensis
725:
722:
720:
717:
700:together with
686:Tissue culture
631:tissue culture
623:Toona sinensis
619:
616:
551:
548:
416:Toona sinensis
405:Toona sinensis
388:
387:
385:
384:
383:
382:
374:
366:
358:
350:
342:
334:
326:
318:
310:
308:(Miq.) Kuntze
302:
294:
286:
278:
270:
262:
254:
246:
238:
230:
216:
215:
214:
211:
210:
204:
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193:
188:Toona sinensis
182:
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160:
153:
149:
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133:
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90:
89:
84:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
53:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
36:Toona sinensis
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2147:
2136:
2133:
2131:
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1209:
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1200:
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1893:kew-2515062
1800:iNaturalist
1671:Wikispecies
1518:"Editorial"
1469:: 8492780.
1210:www.agri.cn
858:T. sinensis
839:T. sinensis
831:T. sinensis
815:T. sinensis
804:T. sinensis
780:T. sinensis
757:chlorophyll
730:T. sinensis
710:T. sinensis
694:T. sinensis
690:T. sinensis
680:T. sinensis
650:T. sinensis
618:Cultivation
100:Angiosperms
2114:Categories
2048:60451548-2
1888:Plant List
1566:2022-04-25
1528:(2): 146.
1414:: 89–101.
1326:2021-10-18
1301:2022-04-19
1215:2022-04-25
1191:2022-04-25
1138:. Collins
927:References
868:of cells.
862:cell cycle
506:hương xuân
502:Vietnamese
136:Sapindales
2009:242311623
1972:Q39266486
1831:125202132
1766:200012513
1753:200012513
1606:1021-335X
1542:0928-1231
1485:2314-6753
1428:0144-8617
1383:cite book
1375:872323641
1077:1 January
866:apoptosis
854:quercetin
819:Quercetin
773:Swietenia
734:vegetable
698:MS medium
676:Vitamin D
664:lignified
646:germinate
638:seedlings
564:deciduous
544:Indonesia
530:, Burma (
483:romanized
463:romanized
449:xiāngchūn
372:A. Chev.
340:A. Chev.
332:A. Chev.
228:Carrière
164:Species:
146:Meliaceae
70:Kingdom:
18:Xiangchun
2084:50049634
2079:Tropicos
1966:Wikidata
1932:20400497
1927:Tropicos
1818:579315-1
1656:Wikidata
1624:29039609
1503:27975068
1444:73476781
1436:30832884
1093:Sorting
1034:cite web
919:), with
794:Medicine
654:Saplings
587:panicles
562:It is a
540:Malaysia
536:Thailand
432:red toon
268:H.L. Li
208:Synonyms
142:Family:
113:Eudicots
2022:3850176
1779:7271504
1727:2877841
1662:Q855853
1615:5783577
1494:5126429
891:daylily
872:Culture
835:nitrite
660:Cutting
627:cutting
595:capsule
583:flowers
579:pinnate
532:Myanmar
489:d̩āralū
485::
469:chamjuk
465::
436:Chinese
276:C. DC.
252:C. DC.
244:C. DC.
236:Gagnep.
200:M.Roem.
196:A.Juss.
152:Genus:
132:Order:
74:Plantae
2055:NZOR:
2035:411838
1983:127444
1980:APDB:
1880:358929
1851:NZOR:
1844:443222
1805:426848
1701:430879
1685:APDB:
1622:
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1024:25 May
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911:pinyin
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788:Europe
769:timber
642:sowing
575:leaves
454:Korean
446::
444:pinyin
438::
260:Juss.
126:Rosids
2120:Toona
1919:20376
1862:NZPCN
1792:36754
1740:TOOSI
1714:7CHJF
1688:56927
1440:S2CID
1097:names
1095:Toona
738:onion
599:seeds
591:fruit
528:India
524:Nepal
522:, in
520:China
511:Toona
498:suren
494:Malay
478:डारलू
474:Hindi
284:Raf.
157:Toona
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
81:Clade
2066:POWO
2043:IPNI
2030:GRIN
2017:GBIF
1996:S22C
1901:POWO
1867:7681
1839:NCBI
1826:IUCN
1813:IPNI
1787:GRIN
1774:GBIF
1735:EPPO
1696:BOLD
1620:PMID
1602:ISSN
1538:ISSN
1499:PMID
1481:ISSN
1467:2016
1432:PMID
1424:ISSN
1389:link
1371:OCLC
1361:ISBN
1140:ISBN
1079:2018
1040:link
1026:2012
907:椿萱並茂
899:椿萱并茂
889:and
852:The
767:The
719:Uses
704:and
577:are
571:bark
567:tree
516:Asia
409:MHNT
2092:WFO
2004:FNA
1991:CoL
1940:WFO
1914:RHS
1761:FoC
1748:FNA
1722:EoL
1709:CoL
1610:PMC
1594:doi
1530:doi
1489:PMC
1471:doi
1416:doi
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702:IAA
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