127:
105:
779:
738:
1664:
1703:
1813:
378:
1818:
780:"Fish otoliths from the Santonian of the Pyrenean faunal province, and an overview of all otolith- documented North Atlantic Late Cretaceous teleosts"
1638:
871:
609:"A phylogeny of the fossil and extant zeiform‐like fishes, Upper Cretaceous to Recent, with comments on the putative zeomorph clade (Acanthomorpha)"
1677:
784:
Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des
Sciences Naturelles de Belgique - Bulletin van het Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen
690:"Bajaichthys elegans from the Eocene of Bolca (Italy) and the overlooked morphological diversity of Zeiformes (Teleostei, Acanthomorpha)"
586:
1775:
1808:
217:
1682:
1690:
864:
1586:
1563:
530:
from the Eocene of Bolca (Italy) and the overlooked morphological diversity of
Zeiformes (Teleostei, Acanthomorpha)"
306:
Zeiform bodies are usually thin and deep. Mouths are large, with distensible jaws, and there is no orbitosphenoid.
126:
1708:
377:). This suggests that at least six lineages of zeiforms were present during the Late Cretaceous and survived the
827:
857:
1503:
648:"Phylogenetic Relationships among Fishes in the Order Zeiformes Based on Molecular and Morphological Data"
1739:
370:
295:. The order consists of about 33 species in six extant families, mostly deep-sea types. The boarfishes (
1409:
608:
1757:
1591:
1434:
1389:
1718:
1612:
1550:
541:
1780:
1459:
804:
1419:
1404:
1142:
819:
1424:
1803:
1359:
1284:
1238:
1089:
492:
178:
121:
1744:
1726:
1599:
1454:
1061:
1053:
760:
719:
667:
628:
582:
525:
420:
1767:
1731:
1669:
1464:
1439:
1324:
1289:
1094:
1038:
994:
965:
750:
709:
701:
659:
620:
557:
549:
244:
849:
1474:
1414:
1374:
1314:
1271:
1150:
503:
342:
284:
280:
1541:
689:
545:
299:) have been previously included in this order though they are currently included in the
1354:
1329:
1299:
1246:
1218:
1208:
1199:
1132:
1124:
1066:
881:
168:
403:
of
Portugal, is known only from a poorly-preserved specimen and may not be a zeiform.
1797:
1379:
1369:
1339:
1319:
1294:
1109:
1104:
1099:
912:
800:
739:"Phylogenetic Classification of Living and Fossil Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii)"
624:
427:
350:
213:
62:
688:
Davesne, Donald; Carnevale, Giorgio; Friedman, Matt (2017). Johanson, Zerina (ed.).
646:
Grande, Terry C.; Borden, W. Calvin; Wilson, Mark V. H.; Scarpitta, Lindsay (2018).
1444:
1399:
1384:
1364:
1349:
1279:
1223:
1213:
1188:
1183:
1084:
918:
399:
397:
of Spain, but its specific affinities remain uncertain. A potentially older genus,
199:
1555:
1604:
1568:
1695:
1651:
1535:
1469:
1429:
1394:
1309:
1304:
1256:
1165:
1028:
1020:
976:
957:
947:
481:
470:
459:
434:
366:
362:
300:
288:
37:
1449:
1261:
1160:
1155:
1076:
1033:
999:
906:
647:
448:
319:
311:
307:
207:
113:
82:
47:
1526:
764:
723:
671:
632:
1625:
1228:
928:
394:
374:
346:
337:
326:
296:
292:
138:
87:
30:
714:
562:
104:
1578:
1520:
1344:
1334:
1175:
986:
900:
809:
755:
413:
354:
315:
158:
77:
72:
57:
52:
42:
1114:
1010:
705:
553:
386:
92:
67:
663:
1656:
936:
894:
577:
Karrer, C.; John, H-C. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.).
441:
148:
1497:
381:, despite this not being preserved in the fossil record. Aside from
1643:
1630:
1752:
1501:
853:
385:, an earlier record of the zeiforms is an indeterminate fossil
1043:
268:
253:
1617:
524:
Davesne, Donald; Carnevale, Giorgio; Friedman, Matt (2017).
262:
256:
373:
zeiform families are known from later, during the early
737:
Near, Thomas J.; Thacker, Christine E. (2024-04-18).
271:
259:
250:
332:, which measures up to 90 centimetres (35 in).
325:, at 43 millimetres (1.7 in) in length, to the
1510:
1270:
1237:
1197:
1174:
1141:
1123:
1075:
1052:
1019:
1008:
985:
974:
956:
945:
927:
265:
247:
743:Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History
581:. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 165–167.
310:have 5–10 soft rays and possibly a spine, 5–10
865:
828:"A compendium of fossil marine animal genera"
8:
607:Tyler, James C.; Santini, Francesco (2005).
1498:
1016:
982:
953:
872:
858:
850:
335:The earliest known member of the order is
103:
20:
754:
713:
561:
488:; alternatively a member of Parazenidae)
516:
7:
1758:AB0787CD-0A41-FF9E-FDAB-F81FE5B62204
1719:ddf70fc2-2c34-43e3-83ab-4a0e8cd3e9b3
683:
681:
602:
600:
598:
357:, Italy. Uniquely, despite its age,
318:spines. They range in size from the
1814:Extant Santonian first appearances
832:Bulletins of American Paleontology
14:
1819:Taxa named by Charles Tate Regan
625:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2005.00180.x
451:(zeniontids) (formerly known as
243:
125:
379:Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction
365:zeiform closely related to the
1:
323:(Macrurocyttus acanthopodus)
369:(in contrast, the two most
361:is thought to be a derived
1835:
889:
229:
224:
205:
198:
122:Scientific classification
120:
111:
102:
23:
803:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
826:Sepkoski, Jack (2002).
464:Archaeozeus skamolensis
1809:Ray-finned fish orders
579:Encyclopedia of Fishes
283:of exclusively marine
1740:Paleobiology Database
813:. March 2005 version.
389:("genus Zeiformomum"
287:most notable for the
756:10.3374/014.065.0101
291:, a group of common
1143:Protacanthopterygii
1133:Lepidogalaxiiformes
820:Fishes of the World
778:Nolf, Dick (2003).
546:2017Palgy..60..255D
528:Bajaichthys elegans
475:Bajaichthys elegans
314:spines and up to 4
1360:Cyprinodontiformes
1285:Trachichthyiformes
1239:Paracanthopterygii
1090:Alepocephaliformes
884:orders by subclass
706:10.1111/pala.12280
554:10.1111/pala.12280
486:Cretazeus rinaldii
179:Paracanthopterygii
1791:
1790:
1727:Open Tree of Life
1504:Taxon identifiers
1495:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1455:Tetraodontiformes
1410:Chaetodontiformes
1345:Pleuronectiformes
1300:Batrachoidiformes
1062:Osteoglossiformes
1054:Osteoglossomorpha
805:"Order Zeiformes"
664:10.1643/CG-17-594
613:Zoologica Scripta
497:Protozeus kuehnei
421:Grammicolepididae
416:(lookdown dories)
285:ray-finned fishes
236:
235:
194:
1826:
1784:
1783:
1771:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1748:
1747:
1735:
1734:
1722:
1721:
1712:
1711:
1699:
1698:
1696:NBNSYS0000188365
1686:
1685:
1673:
1672:
1660:
1659:
1647:
1646:
1634:
1633:
1621:
1620:
1608:
1607:
1595:
1594:
1582:
1581:
1572:
1571:
1559:
1558:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1499:
1465:Centrarchiformes
1440:Priacanthiformes
1435:Scatophagiformes
1390:Uranoscopiformes
1335:Istiophoriformes
1325:Synbranchiformes
1290:Holocentriformes
1257:Stylephoriformes
1209:Ateleopodiformes
1095:Gonorynchiformes
1039:Notacanthiformes
1017:
1013:
995:Lepisosteiformes
983:
979:
966:Acipenseriformes
954:
950:
874:
867:
860:
851:
846:
844:
843:
814:
792:
791:
775:
769:
768:
758:
734:
728:
727:
717:
685:
676:
675:
643:
637:
636:
604:
593:
592:
574:
568:
567:
565:
521:
278:
277:
274:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
192:
130:
129:
107:
97:
34:
27:Temporal range:
21:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1779:
1774:
1766:
1764:
1756:
1751:
1743:
1738:
1730:
1725:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1702:
1694:
1689:
1681:
1676:
1668:
1663:
1655:
1650:
1642:
1637:
1629:
1624:
1616:
1611:
1603:
1598:
1590:
1585:
1577:
1575:
1567:
1562:
1554:
1549:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1506:
1496:
1479:
1475:Scorpaeniformes
1415:Acanthuriformes
1375:Gobiesociformes
1315:Syngnathiformes
1272:Acanthopterygii
1266:
1233:
1229:Polymixiiformes
1193:
1170:
1151:Argentiniformes
1137:
1119:
1071:
1048:
1009:
1004:
975:
970:
946:
941:
937:Polypteriformes
923:
885:
878:
841:
839:
825:
799:
796:
795:
777:
776:
772:
736:
735:
731:
687:
686:
679:
645:
644:
640:
606:
605:
596:
589:
576:
575:
571:
523:
522:
518:
513:
504:Sorbinipercidae
453:Macrurocyttidae
409:
343:Late Cretaceous
330:(Zeus capensis)
246:
242:
220:
211:
191:
124:
98:
96:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
29:
28:
25:
17:
16:Order of fishes
12:
11:
5:
1832:
1830:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1796:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1772:
1762:
1749:
1736:
1723:
1713:
1700:
1687:
1674:
1661:
1648:
1635:
1622:
1609:
1596:
1583:
1573:
1560:
1547:
1532:
1516:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1460:Pempheriformes
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1355:Atheriniformes
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1330:Anabantiformes
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1247:Percopsiformes
1243:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1219:Myctophiformes
1216:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1200:incertae sedis
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1129:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1081:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1067:Hiodontiformes
1064:
1058:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1044:Anguilliformes
1041:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1014:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1002:
997:
991:
989:
980:
972:
971:
969:
968:
962:
960:
951:
943:
942:
940:
939:
933:
931:
925:
924:
922:
921:
915:
909:
903:
897:
890:
887:
886:
882:Actinopterygii
879:
877:
876:
869:
862:
854:
848:
847:
823:
815:
801:Froese, Rainer
794:
793:
770:
729:
715:2027.42/136341
700:(2): 255–268.
677:
638:
619:(2): 157–175.
594:
587:
569:
563:2027.42/136341
540:(2): 255–268.
515:
514:
512:
509:
508:
507:
500:
489:
478:
471:Bajaichthyidae
467:
456:
445:
438:
431:
424:
423:(tinselfishes)
417:
408:
405:
234:
233:
227:
226:
222:
221:
212:
203:
202:
196:
195:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
169:Actinopterygii
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
118:
117:
109:
108:
100:
99:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
35:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1831:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1420:Lutjaniformes
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1405:Ephippiformes
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1380:Blenniiformes
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1340:Carangiformes
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1320:Scombriformes
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1295:Ophidiiformes
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:Salmoniformes
1159:
1157:
1156:Galaxiiformes
1154:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1125:Lepidogalaxii
1122:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1110:Gymnotiformes
1108:
1106:
1105:Characiformes
1103:
1101:
1100:Cypriniformes
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
992:
990:
988:
984:
981:
978:
973:
967:
964:
963:
961:
959:
955:
952:
949:
944:
938:
935:
934:
932:
930:
926:
920:
916:
914:
913:Gnathostomata
910:
908:
904:
902:
898:
896:
892:
891:
888:
883:
875:
870:
868:
863:
861:
856:
855:
852:
837:
833:
829:
824:
822:
821:
817:J.S. Nelson,
816:
812:
811:
806:
802:
798:
797:
789:
785:
781:
774:
771:
766:
762:
757:
752:
748:
744:
740:
733:
730:
725:
721:
716:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
694:Palaeontology
691:
684:
682:
678:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
642:
639:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
603:
601:
599:
595:
590:
588:0-12-547665-5
584:
580:
573:
570:
564:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
534:Palaeontology
531:
529:
520:
517:
510:
505:
501:
498:
494:
490:
487:
483:
479:
476:
472:
468:
465:
461:
460:Archaeozeidae
457:
454:
450:
446:
443:
439:
436:
432:
429:
428:Oreosomatidae
425:
422:
418:
415:
411:
410:
406:
404:
402:
401:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:Maastrichtian
348:
344:
340:
339:
333:
331:
328:
324:
321:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
276:
241:
232:
228:
223:
219:
215:
210:
209:
204:
201:
197:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
128:
123:
119:
116:
115:
110:
106:
101:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
32:
22:
19:
1511:
1450:Lophiiformes
1445:Caproiformes
1425:Lobotiformes
1400:Moroniformes
1385:Gerreiformes
1370:Mugiliformes
1365:Beloniformes
1350:Cichliformes
1280:Beryciformes
1251:
1224:Lampriformes
1214:Aulopiformes
1198:
1189:Stomiiformes
1184:Osmeriformes
1115:Siluriformes
1085:Clupeiformes
1034:Albuliformes
919:Osteichthyes
911:Infraphylum
840:. Retrieved
835:
831:
818:
808:
787:
783:
773:
746:
742:
732:
697:
693:
658:(1): 20–48.
655:
651:
641:
616:
612:
578:
572:
537:
533:
527:
519:
496:
485:
474:
463:
452:
400:Palaeocyttus
398:
390:
382:
358:
336:
334:
329:
322:
305:
279:are a small
239:
237:
230:
206:
200:Type species
188:
175:Superorder:
112:
18:
1652:iNaturalist
1536:Wikispecies
1470:Perciformes
1430:Spariformes
1395:Labriformes
1310:Gobiiformes
1305:Kurtiformes
1166:Esociformes
1029:Elopiformes
1021:Elopomorpha
977:Neopterygii
958:Chondrostei
948:Actinopteri
917:Superclass
493:Protozeidae
482:Cretazeidae
435:Parazenidae
393:) from the
367:Parazenidae
363:crown-group
308:Pelvic fins
301:Perciformes
193:Regan, 1909
1798:Categories
1262:Gadiformes
1077:Otocephala
1000:Amiiformes
907:Vertebrata
905:Subphylum
842:2011-05-17
790:: 155–173.
511:References
495:(extinct,
484:(extinct,
473:(extinct,
462:(extinct,
449:Zenionidae
437:(parazens)
320:dwarf dory
312:dorsal fin
208:Zeus faber
114:Zeus faber
1804:Zeiformes
1569:Zeiformes
1556:Zeiformes
1542:Zeiformes
1512:Zeiformes
1252:Zeiformes
1011:Teleostei
929:Cladistia
765:0079-032X
724:0031-0239
672:0045-8511
633:0300-3256
506:(extinct)
395:Santonian
383:Cretazeus
375:Paleogene
359:Cretazeus
349:or early
347:Campanian
341:from the
338:Cretazeus
327:Cape dory
297:Caproidae
293:food fish
240:Zeiformes
231:See text
225:Families
189:Zeiformes
145:Kingdom:
139:Eukaryota
33:to recent
31:Santonian
24:Zeiformes
1576:BioLib:
1521:Wikidata
1176:Stomiati
987:Holostei
901:Chordata
895:Animalia
893:Kingdom
810:FishBase
502:Family †
491:Family †
480:Family †
469:Family †
458:Family †
444:(dories)
414:Cyttidae
407:Families
316:anal fin
214:Linnaeus
159:Chordata
155:Phylum:
149:Animalia
135:Domain:
1527:Q768334
899:Phylum
880:Extant
838:: 1–560
542:Bibcode
447:Family
440:Family
433:Family
430:(oreos)
426:Family
419:Family
412:Family
387:otolith
185:Order:
165:Class:
1768:113933
1765:uBio:
1732:816143
1716:NZOR:
1683:166271
1631:1ZEUSO
763:
722:
670:
652:Copeia
631:
585:
442:Zeidae
391:tyleri
345:(late
289:dories
1781:10919
1776:WoRMS
1753:Plazi
1745:35837
1709:31097
1670:11028
1665:IRMNG
1657:64602
1579:16004
749:(1).
371:basal
355:Nardò
353:) of
281:order
1704:NCBI
1678:ITIS
1639:GBIF
1626:EPPO
1618:1906
1587:BOLD
761:ISSN
720:ISSN
668:ISSN
629:ISSN
583:ISBN
238:The
218:1758
38:PreꞒ
1691:NBN
1644:888
1613:EoL
1605:4BY
1600:CoL
1592:273
1564:AFD
1551:ADW
836:363
751:doi
710:hdl
702:doi
660:doi
656:106
621:doi
558:hdl
550:doi
263:ɔːr
1800::
1778::
1755::
1742::
1729::
1706::
1693::
1680::
1667::
1654::
1641::
1628::
1615::
1602::
1589::
1566::
1553::
1538::
1523::
834:.
830:.
807:.
788:73
786:.
782:.
759:.
747:65
745:.
741:.
718:.
708:.
698:60
696:.
692:.
680:^
666:.
654:.
650:.
627:.
617:34
615:.
611:.
597:^
556:.
548:.
538:60
536:.
532:.
303:.
269:iː
254:iː
216:,
88:Pg
873:e
866:t
859:v
845:.
767:.
753::
726:.
712::
704::
674:.
662::
635:.
623::
591:.
566:.
560::
552::
544::
526:"
499:)
477:)
466:)
455:)
275:/
272:z
266:m
260:f
257:ɪ
251:z
248:ˈ
245:/
93:N
83:K
78:J
73:T
68:P
63:C
58:D
53:S
48:O
43:Ꞓ
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