709:(SAPHEI) round, providing improvements in range, accuracy, and power over the preceding M56A3 HEI round. The PGU-28/B is a "low-drag" round designed to reduce in-flight drag and deceleration, and has a slightly increased muzzle velocity of 1,050 metres per second (3,450 ft/s). However, the PGU-28/B has not been without problems. A 2000 USAF safety report noted 24 premature detonation mishaps (causing serious damage in many cases) in 12 years with the SAPHEI round, compared to only two such mishaps in the entire recorded history of the M56 round. The report estimated that the PGU-28/B had a potential failure rate 80 times higher than USAF standards permit. Due to safety issues, it was limited to emergency wartime use in 2000.
667:
655:
679:
695:
primer the weight is slightly double that at 1,225 kg (2,701 lb)). In order to avoid using the 600 to 1,000 rounds carried by aircraft all at once, a burst controller is generally used to limit the number of rounds fired at each trigger pull. Bursts of from two or three up to 40 or 50 can be selected. The size of the airframe and available internal space limits the size of the ammunition drum and thus limits the ammunition capacity. When vehicle-mounted, the only limiting factor is the vehicle's safe carry weight, so commensurately larger ammo storage is available.
4130:
4077:
643:
497:
might not be sufficient to ensure target destruction and tested 20 and 27 mm (0.787 and 1.06 in) alternatives based on the 0.60-inch (15 mm) caliber cartridge. These variants of the T45 were known as the T171 and T150 respectively and were first tested in 1952. Eventually, the standard 20×102 mm cartridge was determined to have the desired balance of projectile/explosive mass and muzzle velocity, resulting in an optimum balance of range, accuracy and
4380:
4514:
4749:
814:
628:
4248:
552:
4393:
4329:
843:, shooting down two of the latter. The MiG leader and only survivor from the four MiGs, Captain Tran Hanh, reported that U.S. jets had pursued them and that F-105s had shot down three of his aircraft, killing lieutenants Pham Giay, Le Minh Huan and Tran Nguyen Nam. Captain Donald Kilgus, piloting an F-100, received an official probable kill with his four
579:, tapping gun gas from three of the six barrels to operate the gun gas-driven mechanism. The self-powered Vulcan weighs about 4.5 kilograms (10 lb) more than its electric counterpart, but requires no external power source to operate, except for an electric inertia starter to initiate gun rotation, allowing the first rounds to be chambered and fired.
1328:
44:
598:, designated M61A2, is mechanically the same as the M61A1, but with thinner barrels to reduce overall weight to 92 kilograms (202 lb). The rotor and housing have also been modified to remove any piece of metal not absolutely needed for operation and replaces some metal components with lighter-weight materials. The
582:
The initial M61 used linked ammunition, but the ejection of spent links created considerable (and ultimately insuperable) problems. The original weapon was soon replaced by the M61A1, with a linkless feed system. Depending on the application, the feed system can be either single-ended (ejecting spent
563:
Each of the cannon's six barrels fires once in turn during each revolution of the barrel cluster. The multiple barrels provide both a very high rate of fire—around 100 rounds per second—and contribute to prolonged weapon life by minimizing barrel erosion and heat generation. The average time between
883:
in many combat situations and that an externally carried gun pod was less effective than an internal gun; the first generation of gun pods such as the SUU-16 were not oriented with the sights of the fighter. The improved pods were self-powered and properly synchronized to the sights, while the USAF
571:
Most aircraft versions of the M61 are hydraulically driven and electrically primed. The gun rotor, barrel assembly and ammunition feed system are rotated by a hydraulic drive motor through a system of flexible drive shafts. The round is fired by an electric priming system where an electric current
496:
would be beneficial for improving hit ratios on high-speed targets. The first GE prototypes of the 0.60-inch (15 mm) caliber T45 were ground-fired in 1949; it achieved 2,500 rpm, which was increased to 4,000 rpm by 1950. By the early 1950s, the USAF decided that high velocity alone
491:
In 1946, the Army issued
General Electric a contract for "Project Vulcan", a six-barrel weapon capable of firing 7,200 rounds per minute (rpm). Although European designers were moving towards heavier 30 mm (1.181 in) weapons for better hitting power, the U.S. initially concentrated on a
694:
Practically no powered rotary cannon is supplied with sufficient ammunition for a full minute of firing, due to its weight (at 6,000 rpm, the projectiles alone would represent a mass of about 600 kg (1,300 lb) for one minute of firing; and by including the brass shell, filling and
586:
The feed system must be custom-designed for each application, adding 140 to 180 kg (300 to 400 lb) to the complete weapon. Most aircraft installations are double-ended, because the ejection of empty cartridges can cause a foreign-object damage hazard for jet engines and because the
425:
became a separate branch of the military. The new Air Force made a request for a new aircraft gun. A lesson of World War II air combat was that German, Italian, and
Japanese fighters could attack American aircraft from long range with their cannon main armament. American fighters with
859:
Fred Tracy, flying his F-105 with the 421st TFS, fired 200 rounds of 20 mm into a MiG-17 that had just fired a 23 mm shell which entered one side of his cockpit and exited the other. When the VPAF MiG flew in front of him after making its pass, Tracy opened fire on it.
468:
With multiple barrels, the rate of fire per barrel could be lower than a single-barrel revolver cannon while providing a greater overall rate of fire. The idea of powering a
Gatling gun from an external electric power source was not a novel idea at the end of World War II, as
777:
Nose fuzed round, no tracer. 2 m (6.6 ft) effective radius to produce casualties to exposed personnel. Fragmentation hazard out to 20 m (66 ft). 12.7 mm (0.50 in) RHA penetration at 0 degree obliquity at 104 m (341 ft) range.
583:
cases and unfired rounds) or double-ended (returning casings back to the magazine). A disadvantage of the M61 is that the bulk of the weapon, its feed system, and ammunition drum make it difficult to fit it into a densely packed airframe.
564:
jams or failures is in excess of 10,000 rounds, making it an extremely reliable weapon. The success of the Vulcan
Project and its progeny, the very-high-speed Gatling gun, has led to guns of the same configuration being referred to as
1424:
ejected empty cases and unfired rounds rather than retaining them. Both pods contained 1,200 rounds of ammunition, with a loaded weight of 733 and 780 kilograms (1,615 and 1,720 lb) respectively. During service in the
884:
versions of the F-4 were hastily fitted with internal M61 cannons in a prominent fairing under the nose, well before the war ended (Navy
Phantoms never received cannons, continuing to rely on air-to-air missiles alone).
418:, the practical rate of fire of such a design was still limited by ammunition feed and barrel wear concerns. The Army wanted something better, combining an extremely high rate of fire with exceptional reliability.
847:
20 mm cannons during the engagement; however no other US pilot reported destroying any MiGs during the battle, leaving open the possibility that at least two of the MiG-17s may have been downed by their own
457:. The original Gatling gun had fallen out of favor because of the need for an external power source to rotate the barrel assembly, but the new generation of turbojet-powered fighters offered sufficient
1967:... features new lightweight gun system is the General Dynamics M61A2, which has a switchable firing rate of 4,000 or 6,000 rounds per minute and a fully integrated linkless ammunition feed system
1906:
1429:, the pods proved to be relatively inaccurate: the pylon mounting was not rigid enough to prevent deflection when firing, and repeated use would misalign the pod on its pylon, making matters worse.
879:
variants. The F-4 was originally designed without a cannon as it was believed that missiles had made guns obsolete. Combat experience in
Vietnam showed that a gun could be more effective than
2111:, Volume 36, Issues 1–6. Jane's Information Group, 2003. "In 2000, the newer-technology PGU-28/B ammunition for the M61 was restricted to emergency wartime use after a series of mishaps."
798:
Multi-purpose fuzeless round with an incendiary charge in the nose setting off the HE behind it with a slight delay to maximize lethality against aircraft. No tracer or self-destruct. A
621:) have a selectable rate of fire of either 4,000 or 6,000 rounds per minute. The M61A2's lighter barrels allow a somewhat higher rate of fire, up to 6,600 rounds per minute.
2312:
1787:
666:
4833:
3329:
1932:
4813:
2672:
702:
of about 1,030 metres per second (3,380 ft/s). A variety of armor-piercing incendiary (API), high-explosive incendiary (HEI), and training rounds are available.
1831:
155:
410:
meant that achieving an effective number of hits would be extremely difficult without a much higher volume of fire. While captured German designs (principally the
2260:
678:
4828:
4049:
706:
450:, while formidable against propeller-driven planes, had a relatively low rate of fire in the age of jets, while other cannons were notoriously unreliable.
2286:
2067:
2085:
1512:– General Dynamics, 25 mm caliber, 4-barrel version of the GAU-12 mounted internally in the F-35A and in external gun pods on the F-35B and F-35C
2453:
698:
Until the late 1980s, the M61 primarily used the M50 series of ammunition in various types, typically firing a 99-gram (3.5 oz) projectile at a
654:
531:
sold its aerospace division, including GE Armament
Systems along with the design and production tooling for the M61 and GE's other rotary cannon, to
2663:
587:
retention of spent cases assists in maintaining the center of gravity of the aircraft. The first aircraft to carry the M61A1 was the C model of the
3261:
2009:
150:
2038:
3322:
3676:
3379:
3046:
2592:
2577:
2562:
2487:
2240:
1942:
1841:
1356:
365:
rounds at an extremely high rate (typically 6,000 rounds per minute). The M61 and its derivatives have been the principal cannon armament of
2975:
539:, the rotary cannon became the responsibility of Lockheed Martin Armament Systems. Lockheed Martin Armament Systems was later acquired by
145:
2427:
1443:. This variant fed from ammunition boxes fitted to the landing skid and was developed to provide the AH-1 helicopter with a longer-range
1417:
at higher speeds, while speeds under 640 kilometres per hour (400 mph) did not provide enough airflow for the maximum rate of fire.
642:
1737:
1709:
1433:
2338:
130:
4818:
3359:
2308:
987:
4042:
3639:
3614:
3315:
2547:
2532:
2517:
2502:
1776:
1668:
1448:
1808:
1409:(US Army M25), were developed in the 1960s, often used on gunless versions of the F-4. The SUU-16/A uses the electric M61A1 with a
3056:
2838:
2723:
2702:
1672:
876:
836:
3708:
140:
3593:
2914:
2697:
1360:
1344:
930:
556:
1983:
1531:
1420:
The subsequent SUU-23/A uses the GAU-4/A self-powered Vulcan, with an electric inertia starter to bring it up to speed. Both
1006:
2606:
484:
aircraft rotary machine gun, powered by either the aircraft engine or an electric motor, had been under development by the
3010:
828:
396:
2540:
Vietnam Air Losses, United States Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps Fixed-Wing
Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961–1973
4035:
3500:
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2813:
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1750:
1352:
2256:
3887:
3588:
3159:
3051:
917:
840:
492:
powerful 0.60-inch (15 mm) cartridge designed for a pre-war anti-tank rifle, expecting that the cartridge's high
431:
2132:
453:
In response to this requirement, the
Armament Division of General Electric resurrected an old idea: the multi-barrel
627:
3671:
3563:
3452:
2848:
2818:
1833:
Persian Gulf War
Encyclopedia: A Political, Social, and Military History: A Political, Social, and Military History
1387:
505:
366:
572:
from a firing lead passes through the firing pin to the primer as each round is rotated into the firing position.
4483:
4465:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3354:
3296:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
754:
498:
447:
435:
4447:
3839:
3149:
1340:
2282:
2060:
4774:
3986:
3892:
3794:
3558:
3495:
3338:
3081:
2649:
1894:
1696:
605:
The Vulcan's rate of fire is typically 6,000 rounds per minute, although some versions (such as that of the
443:
422:
2092:
2091:(Report). Airborne Weapons Corrective Action Program. 30 November 2001. pp. 1–6. 14597. Archived from
4823:
4808:
3981:
3824:
3568:
3247:
3196:
3169:
1549:
1462:
1406:
1402:
1187:
599:
470:
462:
2154:
4429:
3809:
3738:
3553:
3272:
2823:
1598:
1592:
1364:
968:
949:
606:
517:
3882:
3104:
2005:
4353:
4158:
2449:
2034:
839:(two of which were assigned weather reconnaissance duties) escorting 48 Vulcan-armed and "bomb-laden"
4637:
4011:
3773:
3758:
3698:
3505:
3490:
3485:
3242:
1383:
536:
439:
252:
1645:
3768:
3743:
3432:
3277:
3206:
2689:
1348:
369:
343:
290:
2733:
2728:
3573:
3404:
3364:
2924:
2803:
2798:
868:
864:
771:
165 gr (10.7 g; 0.38 oz) HE and 20 gr (1.3 g; 0.046 oz) incendiary
257:
2423:
4803:
4766:
4715:
4574:
4550:
4104:
3814:
3644:
3480:
3442:
3374:
2980:
2970:
2843:
2788:
2783:
2588:
2573:
2558:
2543:
2528:
2513:
2498:
2483:
2236:
2230:
1938:
1837:
872:
588:
520:
hazard with discarded links. A linkless ammunition feed system was developed for the upgraded
481:
400:
285:
1713:
4665:
4660:
3971:
3961:
3920:
3728:
3634:
3437:
3389:
3191:
2995:
2960:
2955:
2909:
2894:
2868:
2863:
2334:
1753:. Aircraft Armament & Small Arms Product Support Integration Directorate. Archived from
1491:
1452:
1444:
1432:
A variant with much shorter barrels, designated the M195, was also developed for use on the
1372:
610:
540:
528:
407:
380:
376:
191:
173:
49:
2641:
1347:
models. It was also adopted as standard in the "teen"-series air superiority fighters: the
3583:
3578:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3515:
3181:
3020:
2965:
1437:
1410:
1376:
880:
699:
634:
532:
513:
493:
415:
311:
2618:
1804:
1224:
35th TFS; the F4E was the first Phantom II to enter the war with an internal Vulcan gun.
1738:
Archived copy of US Patent #502,185 by R.J. Gatling, for an electric-powered Gatling-gun
712:
The main types of combat rounds and their main characteristics are listed in the table:
220:
M61A2: 202 lb (92 kg) (light barrel), 228 lb (103 kg) (heavy barrel)
4723:
4561:
3976:
3834:
3748:
3663:
3394:
3089:
3077:
3000:
1546:
1414:
1391:
458:
2634:
1664:
565:
4797:
4699:
4691:
4675:
4582:
4519:
4439:
4281:
4222:
4217:
4190:
4171:
4082:
4059:
3956:
3910:
3866:
3819:
3703:
3384:
3227:
3117:
3099:
3025:
3015:
2950:
2919:
2884:
2738:
1604:
1515:
849:
825:
485:
411:
362:
358:
294:
269:
120:
61:
1958:
4587:
4385:
3829:
3753:
3733:
3447:
3173:
3041:
2934:
2853:
2773:
2768:
2207:
McCarthy Jr. p. 38, photograph of 23 mm cannon exit hole on Maj. Tracy's F-105
1979:
1521:
1459:
875:
and was adopted by the Navy on the A-7C and A-7E. It was integrated into the newer
856:
813:
576:
392:
301:
101:
4457:
4346:
4265:
4147:
4096:
2626:
757:
penetration at 0 degree impact angle and 1,000 m (3,300 ft) range.
2610:
1754:
4652:
4621:
4475:
4297:
4209:
3799:
3723:
3713:
3686:
3619:
3232:
3186:
3154:
2990:
2985:
2929:
1426:
1368:
1248:
885:
614:
595:
477:
454:
427:
355:
115:
97:
3933:
3861:
3853:
3778:
3291:
3201:
3134:
3094:
1440:
1244:
844:
618:
404:
351:
347:
236:
1907:"General Dynamics-OTS to supply M61A1 Vulcan 20mm guns for F-16s through FMS"
802:
pellet at the bottom of the HE cavity provides additional incendiary effect.
4754:
3902:
3649:
3399:
3369:
3144:
3139:
2555:
MiG Killers, A Chronology of U.S. Air Victories in the Vietnam War 1965–1973
2359:
McCarthy Jr. pp. 148–157. Excludes combination air-to-air missile/gun kills.
1536:
1527:
1466:
1332:
799:
551:
17:
3307:
524:, which subsequently became the standard cannon armament of U.S. fighters.
4412:
3718:
3457:
3409:
2828:
1697:
https://archive.org/stream/The_Machine_Gun_V5/The_Machine_Gun_V5_djvu.txt
1545:– Israeli upgrade of the M163 VADS incorporating the M61 Vulcan and four
438:, had to be close to enemy aircraft in order to hit and damage them. The
135:
125:
4027:
1858:"U.S. Hypersonic Weapons and Alternatives | Congressional Budget Office"
1857:
4597:
3472:
3462:
3414:
3346:
3237:
3121:
3005:
2858:
1542:
1421:
1398:
1379:
1327:
264:
824:
The Vulcan was first used in aerial combat on 4 April 1965, when four
575:
The self-powered version, the GAU-4 (called M130 in Army service), is
4704:
4611:
4398:
4334:
3966:
3948:
3938:
3804:
3629:
3609:
3129:
2904:
2899:
2808:
2793:
2718:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1238:
1147:
1141:
1070:
925:
832:
888:
of fighters built post-Vietnam incorporated the M61 gun internally.
2235:. Routledge. pp. 65–70, 106, 114–15, 341–43, 363, 389, 404–5.
43:
4642:
4531:
4488:
4135:
4016:
3928:
3624:
3424:
2778:
1555:
1326:
855:
The first confirmed Vulcan gun kill occurred on 29 June 1966 when
818:
812:
550:
461:
to operate the gun, and electric operation was more reliable than
363:
20 mm × 102 mm (0.787 in × 4.016 in)
4253:
3763:
2495:
Roll Call: Thud: A Photographic Record of the F-105 Thunderchief
1881:
1879:
93:
4744:
4509:
4373:
4324:
4243:
4125:
4070:
4031:
3311:
2645:
892:
Combat kills using the M61 Vulcan in the Vietnam War 1966–1972
3222:
1394:
carried one internally mounted JM61A1 Vulcan with 750 rounds.
2158:
863:
The gun was installed in the Air Force's A-7D version of the
705:
A new PGU-28/B round was developed in the mid-1980s. It is a
473:
himself had done just that with a patent he filed in 1893.
379:. After several mergers and acquisitions, it is produced by
2512:. Osprey Combat Aircraft #45, 2004, Osprey Publishing, UK.
568:, which can sometimes confuse nomenclature on the subject.
2981:
AGM-84H/K Standoff Land Attack Missile - Expanded Response
2084:"PGU-28/B Premature Detonation in Barrel/Barrel Damage".
1699:
M61 Al, CHAG, and GAU-8/A Machine Guns, History of Vulcan
1339:
The Vulcan was later fitted into the weapons bay of some
594:
A lighter version of the Vulcan developed for use on the
2377:
Campbell & Hill p. 43/photo of his F-105 plate # 213
1959:"F/A-18E/F Super Hornet Maritime Strike Attack Aircraft"
1251: 1.2); Major Phil Handley/WSO 1LT J. J. Smallwood
543:, which produces the M61 and its variants as of 2000.
1371:. It was fitted in a side-firing installation on the
714:
2335:"Boeing: Historical Snapshot: F/A-18 Hornet Fighter"
2309:"F-14A Tomcat | National Naval Aviation Museum"
316:
3,450 ft/s (1,050 m/s) with PGU-28/B round
280:
6-barrel (progressive RH parabolic twist, 9 grooves)
4765:
4713:
4690:
4674:
4651:
4620:
4596:
4573:
4549:
4530:
4474:
4456:
4438:
4411:
4345:
4296:
4280:
4264:
4208:
4189:
4170:
4146:
4095:
3947:
3919:
3901:
3875:
3852:
3787:
3685:
3662:
3602:
3546:
3514:
3471:
3423:
3345:
3260:
3215:
3168:
3116:
3076:
3069:
3034:
2943:
2877:
2761:
2754:
2711:
2688:
2679:
1469:Vulcan Air Defense System, using the M168 variant.
328:
320:
310:
300:
284:
276:
263:
251:
235:
227:
210:
205:
197:
187:
179:
169:
164:
108:
88:
80:
75:
67:
57:
34:
2066:. General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
1980:"GAU-4 20mm Vulcan M61A1/M61A2 20mm Automatic Gun"
1749:Wahl, Paul F; Toppel, Donald R (5 October 2005) .
1405:(also designated M12 by the US Army) and improved
508:revealed that the T171 Vulcan (later redesignated
2621:. General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems.
2510:U.S. Air Force F-4 Phantom II MiG Killers 1965–68
2006:"Pgu-27A/B Tp/ Pgu-28A/B Saphei / Pgu-30A/B Tp-T"
1413:to power the motor. This proved to cause serious
747:65 gr (4.2 g; 0.15 oz) incendiary
2570:Clashes, Air Combat Over North Vietnam 1965–1972
2627:"M61 A1 Vulcan – 20 mm Gatling gun system"
2232:A Compendium of Armaments and Military Hardware
1382:, and was used in the tail turrets of both the
1363:. Other aircraft include the Italian/Brazilian
156:Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate
2198:Toperczer (MiG-17/MiG-19 Units) pp. 30, 31, 88
2035:"PGU-27A/B TP/PGU-28A/B SAPHEI/ GU-30A/B TP-T"
4043:
3323:
2657:
1692:
1690:
707:semi-armor-piercing high-explosive incendiary
8:
2224:
2222:
414:) showed the potential of the single-barrel
399:began to consider new directions for future
2587:. Osprey Combat Aircraft #25, 2008 2nd ed.
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
1530:– self-propelled version of the M167 on an
1506:– General Electric, 12.7×99 mm caliber
613:) are limited to a lower rate, and others (
4762:
4741:
4527:
4506:
4408:
4370:
4342:
4321:
4261:
4240:
4143:
4122:
4092:
4067:
4050:
4036:
4028:
3691:
3520:
3330:
3316:
3308:
3073:
2758:
2685:
2664:
2650:
2642:
2585:MiG-17 and MiG-19 Units of the Vietnam War
789:1,580 gr (102.4 g; 3.6 oz)
768:1,543 gr (100.0 g; 3.5 oz)
516:, being prone to misfeed and presenting a
31:
4834:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1959
2607:"Evolution of the M61 Vulcan Gatling Gun"
2149:
2147:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1558:– cancelled lightweight 20 mm cannon
1539:– air defense system using the M61 Vulcan
1458:The M61 is also the basis of the US Navy
1186:433rd TFS; pilot, Major B J Bogoslofski,
555:An M61 Vulcan and the feed system for an
3140:M14 Stand-off Munitions Disruptor (SMUD)
2673:Equipment of the United States Air Force
2109:Jane's International Defense Review: IDR
2029:
2027:
1712:(image). US: Image shack. Archived from
890:
684:PGU-27 AB training rounds, Brussels 2015
440:20 mm (0.79 in) Hispano cannon
4814:Anti-aircraft guns of the United States
2525:USAF F-4 Phantom II MiG Killers 1972–73
1637:
1617:
623:
151:Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen
3380:Henrion, Dassy & Heuschen Revolver
2155:"ORDATA: Ordnance Identification Tool"
2073:from the original on 4 September 2019.
2041:from the original on 16 September 2008
1931:Bowman, Martin W. (30 November 2017).
1624:The B-52 Vulcans were removed in 1991.
1518:– General Electric, 30 mm caliber
1500:– General Electric, 30 mm caliber
1494:– General Electric, 25 mm caliber
792:150 gr; 0.35 oz (10 g)
3677:Villar Perosa aircraft submachine gun
2493:Campbell, John M. and Hill, Michael.
2263:from the original on 13 December 2018
2171:Toperczer (MiG-17/MiG-19 Units) p. 65
1982:. Federation of American Scientists.
1934:Lockheed F-104 Starfighter: A History
1830:Tucker, Spencer C. (20 August 2014).
1811:from the original on 25 November 2016
1793:from the original on 6 November 2018.
1675:from the original on 14 December 2001
1357:General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon
7:
4829:United States Marine Corps equipment
4201:Various other 14.5×114mm rotary guns
4182:Various other 12.7×108mm rotary guns
2976:AGM-84E Standoff Land Attack Missile
2637:. Federation of American Scientists.
2527:. Osprey Combat Aircraft 55 (2005).
2456:from the original on 12 January 2017
2341:from the original on 5 December 2018
2315:from the original on 5 December 2018
2289:from the original on 8 December 2018
1367:(on Italian aircraft only), and the
1563:Soviet Union/Russian Federation/CIS
375:The M61 was originally produced by
2430:from the original on 26 March 2019
1447:system before the adoption of the
324:About 9,842 ft (3,000 m)
25:
3160:Mk 14 Mod 0 Enhanced Battle Rifle
1986:from the original on 25 June 2017
1805:"M61A1 GAU 4 20-MM Vulcan Cannon"
1669:Federation of American Scientists
837:North American F-100 Super Sabres
809:Applications and first combat use
354:, air-cooled, electrically fired
4747:
4512:
4391:
4378:
4327:
4246:
4128:
4075:
3248:MK-19 automatic grenade launcher
3238:M72 Light Anti-tank Weapon (LAW)
2839:CBU-87 Combined Effects Munition
2480:North American F-100 Super Sabre
2012:from the original on 23 May 2019
1646:"» 20mm M61A1/M61A2 Gatling Gun"
817:Gun installation on West German
677:
665:
653:
641:
626:
321:Effective firing range
217:M61A1: 248 lb (112 kg)
42:
27:20 mm Gatling-type rotary cannon
4163:Various other 7.62×54mm weapons
3594:TP-82 Cosmonaut survival pistol
3223:M136 AT4 Light Anti-tank Weapon
3006:AGM-130 Powered Standoff Weapon
2829:GBU-53/B Small Diameter Bomb II
2572:. Naval Institute Press; 1997.
1607:– 30 mm caliber autocannon
1361:McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet
1345:General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark
1113:13th TFS: Captain Ralph Kuster
931:421st Tactical Fighter Squadron
428:.50 caliber (12.7 mm)
146:Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)
48:An unmounted M61A1 Vulcan with
3047:BQM-167 Subscale Aerial Target
2140:, Department of the Army, 1996
1532:M113 armored personnel carrier
867:where it replaced the earlier
1:
3011:AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon
2542:. (2001) Midland Publishing.
2497:. 1996, Schiffer Publishing.
2404:Davies, Osprey #55, pp. 37–38
1885:Air Force Manual 11W1-12-4-32
535:. After Martin's merger with
512:) suffered problems with its
397:United States Army Air Forces
3501:Standard Manufacturing DP-12
3155:M107 Long Range Sniper Rifle
1353:McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle
1331:An M61 mounted on a US Army
332:Belt or linkless feed system
231:71.93 in (1.827 m)
52:used in the SUU-16/A gun pod
3709:Fyodorov–Shpagin Model 1922
3589:Springfield Armory M6 Scout
3109:USAF Pilot's Survival Knife
2482:. Osprey Publishing, 1987.
2229:Chant, Christopher (1987).
2134:FM 1-140 Helicopter Gunnery
1388:Boeing B-52H Stratofortress
1190:, Captain Richard L Huskey
753:6.4 mm (0.25 in)
430:main armament, such as the
403:guns. The higher speeds of
141:Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
4850:
3820:Hotchkiss revolving cannon
3672:Flieger-Doppelpistole 1919
3564:M6 Aircrew Survival Weapon
3438:Attached grenade launchers
2849:CBU-97 Sensor Fuzed Weapon
2819:GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb
1937:. Pen and Sword Aviation.
829:Vietnam People's Air Force
797:
776:
752:
506:Lockheed F-104 Starfighter
242:59.8 in (1.52 m)
4819:Multi-barrel machine guns
4761:
4740:
4526:
4505:
4407:
4369:
4341:
4320:
4260:
4239:
4142:
4121:
4091:
4066:
3694:
3523:
3400:Multi-barrelled flintlock
3355:Arsenal Firearms AF2011A1
3285:Physical Training Uniform
3233:M67 Fragmentation Grenade
3207:Remington 870 MCS shotgun
3187:M2HB Browning machine gun
2814:GBU-31, GB-32, GB-38 JDAM
2386:Davies, Osprey #45, p. 86
1587:Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-30-2
1581:Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30
1575:Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-30-1
1569:Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-23
1320:
1312:
1304:
1296:
1289:
835:) attacked a force of 10
726:
723:
246:
68:Place of origin
41:
3339:Multiple-barrel firearms
3192:M240B Medium Machine Gun
3150:M24 sniper weapon system
2568:Michel III, Marshall L.
2557:. Specialty Press; 2009
2553:McCarthy, Donald J. Jr.
1777:"PEO Ammunition Systems"
1341:Convair F-106 Delta Dart
1243:58th TFS; first kill at
602:also uses this version.
480:, a similar 12-barreled
4775:Komodo Armament Eli gun
3893:SPP-1 underwater pistol
3559:Chiappa M6 Survival Gun
3496:Double-barreled shotgun
2395:Michel III pp. 181, 267
504:The development of the
306:6,000 rounds per minute
3982:Double-barreled cannon
3883:Heckler & Koch P11
3569:M30 Luftwaffe drilling
3197:M249 light machine gun
2609:. Army. Archived from
2257:"F-16 Fighting Falcon"
2037:. GlobalSecurity.org.
1601:– 12.7 mm caliber
1595:– 7.62 mm caliber
1550:surface-to-air missile
1463:close-in weapon system
1434:M35 Armament Subsystem
1375:and some marks of the
1336:
821:
648:An M61 ammunition belt
600:F/A-18E/F Super Hornet
560:
471:Richard Jordan Gatling
463:gas-operated reloading
372:for over sixty years.
367:United States military
302:Rate of fire
293:, electrically fired,
291:Hydraulically operated
3739:Montigny mitrailleuse
3554:Chiappa Double Badger
3288:Service Dress Uniform
3273:Airman Battle Uniform
2961:LGM-30G Minuteman III
2859:BLU-116 Bunker Buster
2824:GBU-44/B Viper Strike
2613:on 21 September 2008.
2413:Gervasi, 1984. p. 239
2157:. JMU. Archived from
1599:YakB-12.7 machine gun
1593:GShG-7.62 machine gun
1524:– 7.62 mm cannon
1365:AMX International AMX
1330:
816:
672:M61 Vulcan on display
633:An M61 Vulcan at the
554:
518:foreign object damage
3699:Caldwell machine gun
3506:Winchester Liberator
3491:Chiappa Triple Crown
3486:Colt Defender Mark I
3243:M79 grenade launcher
1757:on 21 September 2008
1589:– 30 mm caliber
1583:– 30 mm caliber
1577:– 30 mm caliber
1571:– 23 mm caliber
1449:M97 universal turret
1384:Convair B-58 Hustler
591:, starting in 1959.
312:Muzzle velocity
92:United States, some
4539:Neal submachine gun
3876:Amphibious firearms
3744:Nikonov machine gun
3278:Army Combat Uniform
3228:M18A1 Claymore Mine
2703:AN/GSQ-272 Sentinel
2698:AN/USQ-163 Falconer
2583:Toperczer, Istvan.
2478:Anderton, David A.
2098:on 17 October 2004.
1349:Grumman F-14 Tomcat
918:F-105D Thunderchief
909:USAF unit/comments
903:M61 Vulcan variant
893:
886:The next generation
841:F-105 Thunderchiefs
724:Projectile weight
370:fixed-wing aircraft
346:, electrically, or
4542:Zinsner rotary gun
3962:GAU-12/U Equalizer
3645:S&T Daewoo K11
3574:Marble Game Getter
3405:Pepperbox revolver
3365:COP .357 Derringer
3105:MP5 submachine gun
3057:QF-4 Aerial Target
2804:GBU-27 Paveway III
2799:GBU-24 Paveway III
2368:McCarthy Jr. p. 38
2161:on 28 August 2008.
1911:airrecognition.com
1710:"Elec key Gatling"
1337:
975:21 September 1966
956:21 September 1966
891:
869:United States Navy
865:LTV A-7 Corsair II
822:
561:
165:Production history
131:War in Afghanistan
4791:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4736:
4735:
4732:
4731:
4501:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4365:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4235:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4105:Fokker-Leimberger
4025:
4024:
3921:Grenade launchers
3848:
3847:
3815:Fokker-Leimberger
3658:
3657:
3481:Ball and shot gun
3443:Ball and shot gun
3305:
3304:
3297:CMU – 33A/P22P-18
3256:
3255:
3065:
3064:
2834:GBU-54 Laser JDAM
2789:GBU-12 Paveway II
2784:GBU-10 Paveway II
2750:
2749:
2593:978-1-84176-162-6
2578:978-1-59114-519-6
2563:978-1-58007-136-9
2523:Davies, Peter E.
2508:Davies, Peter E.
2488:978-0-85045-662-2
2242:978-0-7102-0720-3
2086:Ammunition Active
2061:"20MM PGU-28 A/B"
1944:978-1-4738-6329-3
1864:. 31 January 2023
1843:978-1-61069-416-2
1751:"The Gatling Gun"
1671:. 23 April 2000.
1665:"M61 20mm cannon"
1390:bombers. Japan's
1325:
1324:
1256:9 September 1972
1195:14 February 1968
873:Colt Mk 12 cannon
806:
805:
730:Muzzle velocity
727:Bursting charge
514:linked ammunition
482:Fokker-Leimberger
401:military aircraft
336:
335:
16:(Redirected from
4841:
4763:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4742:
4661:GAU-12 Equalizer
4605:Dillon Aero 503D
4528:
4518:
4516:
4515:
4507:
4409:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4371:
4343:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4322:
4262:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4241:
4159:Hua Qing Minigun
4144:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4123:
4093:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4068:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4029:
3692:
3521:
3516:Combination guns
3390:Lancaster pistol
3332:
3325:
3318:
3309:
3074:
3052:MQM-107 Streaker
2996:AGM-114 Hellfire
2956:AIM-9 Sidewinder
2869:B83 nuclear bomb
2864:B61 nuclear bomb
2759:
2686:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2643:
2638:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2420:
2414:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2396:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2226:
2217:
2216:Michel III p. 56
2214:
2208:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2151:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2129:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2090:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2065:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2031:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1903:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1781:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1746:
1740:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1718:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1661:
1650:
1649:
1642:
1625:
1622:
1492:GAU-12 Equalizer
1445:suppressive fire
1415:aerodynamic drag
1373:Fairchild AC-119
1273:15 October 1972
1135:24 October 1967
1067:F-4C Phantom II
994:4 December 1966
906:Aircraft downed
900:Firing aircraft
894:
826:North Vietnamese
715:
681:
669:
657:
645:
630:
611:F-106 Delta Dart
566:"Vulcan cannons"
541:General Dynamics
529:General Electric
408:fighter aircraft
381:General Dynamics
377:General Electric
329:Feed system
192:General Dynamics
174:General Electric
50:flash suppressor
46:
37:
32:
21:
4849:
4848:
4844:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4779:
4757:
4748:
4746:
4728:
4709:
4686:
4670:
4647:
4616:
4592:
4569:
4545:
4522:
4513:
4511:
4493:
4470:
4452:
4434:
4403:
4392:
4390:
4379:
4377:
4357:
4337:
4328:
4326:
4308:
4292:
4276:
4256:
4247:
4245:
4227:
4204:
4185:
4166:
4138:
4129:
4127:
4109:
4087:
4076:
4074:
4062:
4056:
4026:
4021:
3943:
3915:
3897:
3871:
3844:
3783:
3681:
3664:Submachine guns
3654:
3598:
3584:Savage Model 42
3579:Savage Model 24
3542:
3510:
3467:
3419:
3341:
3336:
3306:
3301:
3266:other equipment
3265:
3252:
3211:
3182:M60 machine gun
3164:
3130:GUU-5/P Carbine
3112:
3061:
3030:
3021:AGM-176 Griffin
2966:AGM-65 Maverick
2939:
2873:
2746:
2707:
2681:
2675:
2670:
2633:
2625:
2617:
2605:
2602:
2538:Hobson, Chris.
2475:
2470:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2433:
2431:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2412:
2408:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2354:
2344:
2342:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2292:
2290:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2243:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2153:
2152:
2145:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2095:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2044:
2042:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2015:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1877:
1867:
1865:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1790:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1736:
1732:
1722:
1720:
1719:on 25 July 2011
1716:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1695:
1688:
1678:
1676:
1663:
1662:
1653:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1488:
1475:
1436:as used on the
1411:ram-air turbine
1377:Lockheed AC-130
1335:armored vehicle
1174:3 January 1968
1118:23 August 1967
937:18 August 1966
881:guided missiles
877:F-4E Phantom II
811:
700:muzzle velocity
692:
685:
682:
673:
670:
661:
658:
649:
646:
637:
635:Miramar Airshow
631:
549:
533:Martin Marietta
494:muzzle velocity
442:carried by the
416:revolver cannon
389:
272:(0.787 in)
258:20×102mm Vulcan
247:
223:
160:
81:In service
76:Service history
53:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4847:
4845:
4837:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4796:
4795:
4789:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4778:
4777:
4771:
4769:
4767:7.62×51mm NATO
4759:
4758:
4745:
4738:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4720:
4718:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4696:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4680:
4678:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4657:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4632:
4626:
4624:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4606:
4602:
4600:
4598:12.7×99mm NATO
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4579:
4577:
4575:7.62×51mm NATO
4571:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4564:
4562:XM214 Microgun
4559:
4555:
4553:
4551:5.56×45mm NATO
4547:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4536:
4534:
4524:
4523:
4510:
4503:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4480:
4478:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4462:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4444:
4442:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4417:
4415:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4388:
4374:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4351:
4349:
4339:
4338:
4325:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4286:
4284:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4258:
4257:
4244:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4218:Type 1130 CIWS
4214:
4212:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4195:
4193:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4180:
4176:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4161:
4156:
4152:
4150:
4140:
4139:
4126:
4119:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4101:
4099:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4071:
4064:
4063:
4060:rotary cannons
4057:
4055:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4032:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3977:T250 Vigilante
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3953:
3951:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3925:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3835:XM214 Microgun
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3749:Nordenfelt gun
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3668:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3524:
3518:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3395:LeMat revolver
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3351:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3327:
3320:
3312:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3275:
3269:
3267:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3086:
3084:
3071:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3042:BQM-34 Firebee
3038:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
3001:AIM-120 AMRAAM
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2971:AGM-84 Harpoon
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2712:Ground vehicle
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2631:
2623:
2615:
2601:
2600:External links
2598:
2597:
2596:
2581:
2566:
2551:
2536:
2521:
2506:
2491:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2441:
2415:
2406:
2397:
2388:
2379:
2370:
2361:
2352:
2326:
2300:
2274:
2248:
2241:
2218:
2209:
2200:
2191:
2189:Anderton p. 71
2182:
2173:
2164:
2143:
2113:
2101:
2076:
2052:
2023:
1997:
1971:
1950:
1943:
1923:
1898:
1895:Model D Vulcan
1887:
1875:
1849:
1842:
1822:
1796:
1768:
1741:
1730:
1701:
1686:
1651:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1602:
1596:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1547:FIM-92 Stinger
1540:
1534:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1471:
1401:versions, the
1392:Mitsubishi F-1
1323:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1310:Total MiG-21s
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:Total MiG-19s
1299:
1298:
1295:
1294:Total MiG-17s
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1241:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1050:F-105D/F-105F
1048:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:F-105D/F-105F
1014:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
991:
990:
985:
982:
979:
976:
972:
971:
966:
963:
960:
957:
953:
952:
947:
944:
941:
938:
934:
933:
928:
923:
920:
915:
911:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
810:
807:
804:
803:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
780:
779:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
759:
758:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
735:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
691:
688:
687:
686:
683:
676:
674:
671:
664:
662:
660:M61 on display
659:
652:
650:
647:
640:
638:
632:
625:
548:
545:
499:kinetic energy
459:electric power
412:Mauser MG 213C
391:At the end of
388:
385:
334:
333:
330:
326:
325:
322:
318:
317:
314:
308:
307:
304:
298:
297:
288:
282:
281:
278:
274:
273:
267:
261:
260:
255:
249:
248:
244:
243:
240:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
222:
221:
218:
214:
212:
208:
207:
206:Specifications
203:
202:
199:
195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
162:
161:
159:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
112:
110:
106:
105:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4846:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4824:Rotary cannon
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4809:Aircraft guns
4807:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4756:
4743:
4739:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4712:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4700:GAU-8 Avenger
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4677:
4673:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4599:
4595:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4583:XM133 Minigun
4581:
4580:
4578:
4576:
4572:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4520:United States
4508:
4504:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4437:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4400:
4389:
4387:
4376:
4375:
4372:
4368:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4336:
4323:
4319:
4305:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4289:Muharram/Nasr
4288:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4242:
4238:
4224:
4223:Type 730 CIWS
4221:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4192:
4188:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4124:
4120:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4084:
4083:German Empire
4073:
4072:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4053:
4048:
4046:
4041:
4039:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3957:GAU-8 Avenger
3955:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3912:
3911:Nambu Type 90
3909:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3704:EX-17 Heligun
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3603:Multi-weapons
3601:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:Survival guns
3545:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3385:Howdah pistol
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3333:
3328:
3326:
3321:
3319:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3263:
3259:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3202:M1014 shotgun
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3016:AGM-158 JASSM
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2951:AIM-7 Sparrow
2949:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2920:M102 howitzer
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2885:GAU-8 Avenger
2883:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2753:
2742:
2740:
2739:R-11 Refueler
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2678:
2674:
2667:
2662:
2660:
2655:
2653:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2619:"M61A1/M61A2"
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2548:1-85780-115-6
2545:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2533:1-84176-657-7
2530:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2518:1-84176-656-9
2515:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:0-7643-0062-8
2500:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2455:
2451:
2450:"M163 Vulcan"
2445:
2442:
2429:
2425:
2424:"20mm Cannon"
2419:
2416:
2410:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2340:
2336:
2330:
2327:
2314:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2195:
2192:
2186:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2136:
2135:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2077:
2069:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1924:
1912:
1908:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1891:
1888:
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1605:Shipunov 2A42
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1517:
1516:GAU-8 Avenger
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1460:Mk 15 Phalanx
1456:
1454:
1451:mounting the
1450:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1423:
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1008:
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942:
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936:
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932:
929:
927:
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921:
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916:
914:29 June 1966
913:
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902:
899:
896:
895:
889:
887:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
861:
858:
853:
851:
850:anti-aircraft
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
827:
820:
815:
808:
801:
794:
791:
788:
785:
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689:
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629:
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622:
620:
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584:
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569:
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546:
544:
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
502:
500:
495:
489:
487:
486:German Empire
483:
479:
474:
472:
466:
464:
460:
456:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
421:In 1947, the
419:
417:
413:
409:
406:
402:
398:
394:
386:
384:
382:
378:
373:
371:
368:
364:
360:
359:rotary cannon
357:
356:Gatling-style
353:
349:
348:pneumatically
345:
344:hydraulically
341:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
313:
309:
305:
303:
299:
296:
295:rotary cannon
292:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
268:
266:
262:
259:
256:
254:
250:
245:
241:
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196:
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186:
182:
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157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
121:Iran-Iraq war
119:
117:
114:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
74:
71:United States
70:
66:
63:
62:Rotary cannon
60:
56:
51:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
4629:
4588:M134 Minigun
4386:Soviet Union
4006:
3830:M134 Minigun
3754:Ribauldequin
3734:Mitrailleuse
3687:Machine guns
3448:Double rifle
2935:M134 Minigun
2889:
2854:BLU-109 bomb
2844:CBU-89 Gator
2734:R-9 Refueler
2729:R-5 Refueler
2611:the original
2584:
2569:
2554:
2539:
2524:
2509:
2494:
2479:
2473:Bibliography
2458:. Retrieved
2444:
2432:. Retrieved
2418:
2409:
2400:
2391:
2382:
2373:
2364:
2355:
2343:. Retrieved
2329:
2317:. Retrieved
2303:
2291:. Retrieved
2283:"F-15 Eagle"
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2251:
2231:
2212:
2203:
2194:
2185:
2180:Hobson p. 17
2176:
2167:
2159:the original
2133:
2108:
2104:
2093:the original
2079:
2055:
2045:28 September
2043:. Retrieved
2014:. Retrieved
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1974:
1966:
1962:
1953:
1933:
1926:
1914:. Retrieved
1910:
1901:
1890:
1866:. Retrieved
1861:
1852:
1836:. ABC-CLIO.
1832:
1825:
1813:. Retrieved
1799:
1783:
1771:
1761:28 September
1759:. Retrieved
1755:the original
1744:
1733:
1721:. Retrieved
1714:the original
1704:
1677:. Retrieved
1640:
1620:
1562:
1561:
1552:launch tubes
1522:M134 Minigun
1457:
1431:
1419:
1396:
1338:
1229:2 June 1972
1221:(3) MiG-21s
1166:(3) MiG-17s
1101:3 June 1967
1084:13 May 1967
1076:(2) MiG-17s
1056:(4) MiG-17s
1039:(8) MiG-17s
1022:(5) MiG-17s
862:
854:
823:
733:Description
718:Designation
711:
704:
697:
693:
604:
593:
585:
581:
577:gas-operated
574:
570:
562:
559:, on a stand
526:
521:
509:
503:
490:
475:
467:
452:
420:
393:World War II
390:
383:as of 2000.
374:
361:which fires
350:driven, six-
339:
337:
239: length
188:Manufacturer
104:, and others
102:Saudi Arabia
89:Used by
84:1959–present
29:
18:M61A1 Vulcan
3800:Gatling gun
3788:Rotary type
3714:Gardner gun
3620:NIVA XM1970
3282:Flight Suit
3145:M16A2 Rifle
3026:Zuni rocket
2991:AGM-88 HARM
2986:AGM-86 ALCM
2930:M2 Browning
2915:L/60 Bofors
1862:www.cbo.gov
1723:5 September
1679:28 February
1438:AH-1G Cobra
1427:Vietnam War
1369:F-22 Raptor
615:A-7 Corsair
596:F-22 Raptor
547:Description
501:on target.
478:World War I
455:Gatling gun
405:jet-powered
387:Development
116:Vietnam War
98:South Korea
36:M61 Vulcan
4798:Categories
4630:M61 Vulcan
4448:Yak-B 12.7
4440:12.7×108mm
4420:Panchenkov
4282:12.7×108mm
4191:14.5×114mm
4172:12.7×108mm
4007:M61 Vulcan
3903:Flare guns
3862:Flash-ball
3854:Non-lethal
3779:Volley gun
3635:Scicon PDW
3360:Baylè 1879
3292:Mess dress
3135:M4 carbine
3100:M17 Pistol
3090:M11 Pistol
3070:Small arms
2890:M61 Vulcan
2345:5 December
2319:5 December
2293:5 December
2267:5 December
1632:References
1441:helicopter
1285:307th TFS
1268:555th TFS
1245:supersonic
1207:555th TFS
1169:435th TFS
1152:433rd TFS
1079:480th TFS
1059:357th TFS
1042:354th TFS
1025:333rd TFS
897:Date/year
783:PGU-28A/B
690:Ammunition
619:F-15 Eagle
340:M61 Vulcan
4755:Indonesia
4714:37×219mm/
4458:23×115 mm
4430:GShG-7.62
4347:12.7×99mm
4266:7.62×51mm
4148:7.62×54mm
4097:7.92×57mm
3840:YakB-12.7
3810:GShG-7.62
3764:Twin Bren
3650:XM29 OICW
3538:Vierlings
3533:Drillings
3528:Cape guns
3370:Derringer
3095:M9 Pistol
2755:Munitions
1990:4 January
1612:Footnotes
1537:M167 VADS
1528:M163 VADS
1467:M163 VADS
1130:34th TFS
1096:44th TFS
1007:469th TFS
988:431st TFS
969:333rd TFS
800:zirconium
762:M56A3/A4
527:In 1993,
423:Air Force
253:Cartridge
201:See below
96:members,
4804:20x102mm
4716:35×228mm
4705:GAU-13/A
4692:30×173mm
4676:30×113mm
4666:GAU-22/A
4653:25×137mm
4622:20×102mm
4484:GSh-6-30
4476:30×165mm
4466:GSh-6-23
4413:7.62x54R
4298:23×115mm
4210:30×165mm
4002:GSh-6-30
3992:GSh-6-23
3972:GAU-22/A
3967:GAU-13/A
3774:Type 100
3759:RMG 7.62
3719:Gast gun
3473:Shotguns
3458:Nock gun
3410:Revolver
3375:Garrucha
3347:Handguns
3262:Uniforms
3216:Ordnance
2925:GAU-23/A
2635:"M61 $ "
2454:Archived
2428:Archived
2339:Archived
2313:Archived
2287:Archived
2261:Archived
2068:Archived
2039:Archived
2010:Archived
1984:Archived
1963:Projects
1809:Archived
1788:Archived
1673:Archived
1486:See also
1473:Variants
1465:and the
1455:cannon.
1407:SUU-23/A
1403:SUU-16/A
1380:gunships
950:34th TFS
609:and the
537:Lockheed
198:Variants
180:Designed
170:Designer
136:Iraq War
126:Gulf War
4426:TKB-041
4423:Slostin
4303:Asefeh
4198:CS/LM16
4155:CS/LM12
4058:Modern
3934:Redback
3888:Mk1 UDG
3795:Eli gun
3769:Type 89
3724:In-Line
3463:TKB-059
3453:Knötgen
3415:TKB-506
3170:Support
3122:carbine
3078:Sidearm
2944:Missile
2682:systems
2629:. F-16.
1916:24 June
1868:24 June
1815:12 July
1784:dau.mil
1543:Machbet
1399:gun pod
1282:MiG-21
1265:MiG-21
1247:speed (
1204:MiG-17
1201:SUU-23
1183:MiG-17
1180:SUU-23
1163:SUU-23
1144:gunpod
1127:MiG-17
1121:F-105D
1110:MiG-17
1104:F-105D
1093:MiG-17
1087:F-105D
1073:gunpod
1033:F-105D
1003:MiG-17
997:F-105D
984:MiG-17
978:F-105D
965:MiG-17
959:F-105D
946:MiG-17
940:F-105D
833:MiG-17s
831:(VPAF)
786:SAPHEI
476:During
277:Barrels
265:Caliber
4752:
4612:GAU-19
4517:
4399:Russia
4396:
4383:
4335:Poland
4332:
4273:Akhgar
4251:
4179:CS/LM5
4133:
4080:
3997:GSh-30
3987:GSh-23
3949:Cannon
3939:RPG-30
3825:MGG-50
3805:GAU-19
3630:QTS-11
3610:80.002
3425:Rifles
3035:Target
2905:GAU-19
2900:GAU-13
2895:GAU-12
2809:GBU-28
2794:GBU-15
2680:Ground
2591:
2576:
2561:
2546:
2531:
2516:
2501:
2486:
2460:23 May
2434:23 May
2239:
2016:23 May
1941:
1840:
1717:(JPEG)
1510:GAU-22
1504:GAU-19
1498:GAU-13
1359:, and
1351:, the
1318:Total
1279:M61A1
1262:M61A1
1239:MiG-19
1235:M61A1
1218:M61A1
1148:MiG-21
1142:SUU-23
1124:M61A1
1107:M61A1
1090:M61A1
1071:SUU-16
1053:M61A1
1036:M61A1
1019:M61A1
1000:M61A1
981:M61A1
962:M61A1
943:M61A1
926:MiG-17
922:M61A1
871:A-7's
852:fire.
795:1,050
774:1,030
750:1,030
557:F/A-18
395:, the
352:barrel
286:Action
237:Barrel
228:Length
4683:XM188
4643:XM301
4608:GAU-6
4566:XM556
4558:PF556
4532:.22LR
4489:AO-18
4136:China
4017:XM301
3929:DP-64
3729:MG14z
3625:PAPOP
3433:AO-63
3118:Rifle
2779:GBU-8
2774:Mk-84
2769:Mk-82
2719:HMMWV
2138:(PDF)
2096:(PDF)
2089:(PDF)
2071:(PDF)
2064:(PDF)
1791:(PDF)
1780:(PDF)
1556:XM301
1481:M61A2
1478:M61A1
1276:F-4E
1259:F-4E
1232:F-4E
1215:F-4E
1212:1972
1198:F-4D
1177:F-4D
1160:F-4D
1157:1967
1138:F-4D
1064:1967
1047:1967
1030:1967
1013:1967
857:Major
819:F-104
721:Type
589:F-104
522:M61A1
342:is a
270:20 mm
4724:T250
4638:M197
4634:M195
4354:WLKM
4254:Iran
4012:M197
3640:SPIW
3615:AICW
2910:M240
2762:Bomb
2743:C300
2724:LSSV
2589:ISBN
2574:ISBN
2559:ISBN
2544:ISBN
2529:ISBN
2514:ISBN
2499:ISBN
2484:ISBN
2462:2019
2436:2019
2347:2018
2321:2018
2295:2018
2269:2018
2237:ISBN
2047:2008
2018:2019
1992:2018
1939:ISBN
1918:2023
1870:2023
1838:ISBN
1817:2017
1763:2008
1725:2010
1681:2009
1453:M197
1422:pods
1397:Two
1386:and
1343:and
1333:M163
1249:Mach
765:HEI
741:API
738:M53
448:P-61
446:and
444:P-38
436:P-47
434:and
432:P-51
338:The
211:Mass
183:1946
109:Wars
94:NATO
58:Type
3867:Osa
3264:and
3174:CQB
3082:PDW
2878:Gun
1321:39
1297:32
1188:WSO
845:M39
755:RHA
607:AMX
510:M61
465:.
4800::
2690:C2
2452:.
2426:.
2337:.
2311:.
2285:.
2259:.
2221:^
2146:^
2116:^
2026:^
2008:.
1965:,
1961:,
1909:.
1878:^
1860:.
1807:.
1786:.
1782:.
1689:^
1667:.
1654:^
1355:,
1313:6
1305:1
744:?
617:,
488:.
100:,
4051:e
4044:t
4037:v
3331:e
3324:t
3317:v
3172:/
3120:/
3080:/
2665:e
2658:t
2651:v
2595:.
2580:.
2565:.
2550:.
2535:.
2520:.
2505:.
2490:.
2464:.
2438:.
2349:.
2323:.
2297:.
2271:.
2245:.
2049:.
2020:.
1994:.
1947:.
1920:.
1872:.
1846:.
1819:.
1765:.
1727:.
1683:.
1648:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
