788:
1051:, returning to Mecca. Muhammad gathered a small expeditionary force of around 300 men to intercept the caravan. Abu Sufyan was informed of this plot by his spies, and he called for aid. In response, the Mushrikun dispatched an army of strong 1,000 men, led by Amr ibn Hisham. In the ensuing confrontation, Abu Sufyan, "by skillful and vigorous leadership eluded the Muslims", according to the historian
36:
744:
153:
958:, the focal point of the Mushrikite religious life that they feared Muhammad to overthrow. The leaders of the Mushrikun offered Muhammad admission into the inner circle of the local merchant community and an advantageous marriage in exchange for his abandonment of Islam, however Muhammad refused this offer.
937:
privately, mainly among his near relatives and close acquaintances. In 613, the
Islamic prophet began preaching publicly, which invited vehement opposition from the wealthy and leading clans of the Mushrik, who feared the loss of their ancestral religion as well as their lucrative pilgrimage
1088:
Following Amr ibn Hisham's death, Abu Sufyan was acknowledged the preeminent leader of the
Mushrikun. The latter was exhorted to avenge the human and material losses suffered by them at Badr and vowed to conduct a retaliatory raid on Medina. Abu Sufyan formed an army of 3,000 men, led by
896:, where the Islamic prophet was offered sovereignty over the city. An Islamic state was formed in Medina, which received vehement opposition from the Mushrikun, and subsequently, both parties fought at the
1149:
In
December 629 or January 630, the Muslims conquered Mecca and almost without bloodshed. Abu Sufyan, Ikrima, Safwan and Suhayl all converted to Islam and the Mushrikun ceased to exist.
938:
business. The sect harassed members of the nascent Muslim community, and often persecuted new converts. The
Mushrik assassinated numerous early Muslims, with the most prominent being
1171:
Following the defeat of the
Mushrikun, the Muslims began to expand and conquer lands of the Christian Byzantines and the Zoroastrian Sasanians. This resulted in the
916:. The term is sometimes translated as 'polytheists' as well. The Meccan polytheists who opposed Islam, were the initially the ones to be referred to as the
1062:
Though the
Muslims were largely outnumbered, they nevertheless defeated the Mushrik's forces and managed to kill Amr. Among other Mushrik casualties were
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As his followers increased, Muhammad might have become a threat to the
Mushrik rulers of the city, whose wealth rested largely upon the
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After
Muhammad's declaration of prophethood, the Mushrikun harassed members of the nascent Muslim community and were led by
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In
December 626, Abu Sufyan led the attempted siege of Medina, but was defeated by the Muslim defenders at the
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86:
981:'s death in 619, the Mushrikun plotted to assassinate Muhammad. To escape persecution, Muhammad migrated to
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Following the Muslim conquest of Mecca, the
Muslims fought the Mushrikun of the Qays and gained a victory.
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Muhammad ibn Saad (1995), "Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir", in Translated by Bewley, A. (ed.),
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Muhammad ibn Saad (2013), "Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir", in Translated by Bewley, A. (ed.),
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respectively. Subsequently, Abu Sufyan inflicted significant losses on the Muslims at the
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The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume X: The Conquest of Arabia, A.D. 632–633/A.H. 11
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in 625, but the Mushrik were generally unsatisfied with the battle's results.
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in the early 7th century. Their leaders were mostly from the
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7th-century Arab polytheists who fought early Muslims
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1029:), the natives of Mecca who migrated to Medina.
1196:"Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Surah Al Tawbah"
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1228:sfn error: no target: CITEREFNa'im2009 (
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1411:The Sealed Nectar(Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum)
1408:Al-Mubarakpuri, Safi-ur-Rahman (2008).
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1246:. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955).
892:) migrated to the neighboring city of
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1526:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 151.
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
1548:. London: Oxford University Press.
1250:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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1545:Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman
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1447:, p. 53, note 340.
1269:The Companions of Badr
1173:early Muslim conquests
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425:Succession to Muhammad
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1389:Muir & Weir 1912
1248:The Life of Muhammad
1242:Muhammad ibn Ishaq.
1167:Aftermath and legacy
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1115:Battle of the Trench
1109:Battle of the Trench
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54:improve this article
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1284:The Women of Madina
1129:Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl
1099:Khalid ibn al-Walid
1072:Uqba ibn Abi Mu'ayt
1045:Abu Sufyan ibn Harb
973:Migration to Medina
225:Profession of Faith
198:Day of Resurrection
1501:Lévi-Provençal, E.
1379:, p. 132–135.
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110:December 2023
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71: –
70:
69:"Mushrikites"
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
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49:
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43:This article
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32:
31:
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1489:"Abū Sufyān"
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1454:Bibliography
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1428:. Retrieved
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1316:Ramadan 2007
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1513:Pellat, Ch.
1505:Schacht, J.
1445:Donner 1993
1430:28 December
1335:Peters 2003
963:Banu Hashim
843:, singular
720:Laws of war
383:Ahl al-Bayt
268:Foundations
1224:Na'im 2009
1192:Ibn Kathir
1179:References
977:Following
573:Philosophy
310:(exegesis)
247:Pilgrimage
237:Almsgiving
80:newspapers
1532:495469456
1522:Volume I:
1509:Lewis, B.
1377:Watt 1961
1365:Watt 1960
1297:Watt 1977
1200:Quran 4 U
1024:Emigrants
1011:Muhajirun
979:Abu Talib
908:The word
904:Etymology
854:romanized
834:romanized
814:romanized
801:Mushrikun
693:terrorism
645:Criticism
598:Sexuality
568:Mysticism
538:Festivals
518:Education
513:Economics
449:Academics
405:Caliphate
218:Practices
1567:Category
1542:(1961).
1515:(eds.).
1487:(1960).
1209:11 March
987:Abu Bakr
967:Muhammad
910:Mušrikūn
867:and his
865:Muhammad
729:Glossary
715:Jihadism
688:Violence
683:Islamism
654:Muhammad
640:Apostasy
583:Politics
533:Feminism
528:Exorcism
489:Diaspora
474:Children
469:Calendar
397:Rashidun
375:Muhammad
370:Timeline
331:Mathnawi
193:Prophets
137:a series
135:Part of
1018:
1004:Helpers
998:
924:History
918:Mushrik
873:Quraysh
869:Muslims
860:mushrik
856::
849:مُشْرِك
836::
816::
610:Slavery
593:Science
548:Madrasa
543:Finance
454:Animals
442:society
438:Culture
410:Imamate
390:Sahabah
363:History
333:(Poems)
318:(creed)
242:Fasting
170:Oneness
163:Beliefs
94:scholar
18:Mushrik
1552:
1530:
1511:&
1473:
1421:
1254:
1204:Tafsir
983:Medina
894:Medina
889:ṣaḥāba
845:Arabic
825:Arabic
805:Arabic
664:Hadith
578:Poetry
558:Mosque
523:Ethics
348:Sharia
316:Aqidah
308:Tafsir
292:Hadith
286:Sunnah
230:Prayer
181:Angels
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1573:Islam
1491:. In
1415:(PDF)
1049:Syria
991:Ansar
956:Kaaba
935:Islam
793:Kaaba
710:Jihad
659:Quran
620:Women
563:Music
501:Sunni
350:(law)
298:Sirah
279:Quran
263:Texts
145:Islam
101:JSTOR
87:books
1550:ISBN
1528:OCLC
1471:ISBN
1432:2021
1419:ISBN
1395:help
1341:help
1322:help
1303:help
1252:ISBN
1230:help
1211:2020
1131:and
1097:and
1015:lit.
995:lit.
942:and
914:širk
877:Qays
799:The
791:The
603:LGBT
506:Shia
440:and
340:Fiqh
73:news
1524:A–B
823:or
698:war
459:Art
174:God
172:of
56:by
1569::
1520:.
1507:;
1503:;
1499:;
1495:;
1349:^
1202:.
1198:.
1194:.
1135:.
1127:,
1070:,
1066:,
1059:.
969:.
946:.
920:.
879:.
851:,
847::
831:,
827::
811:,
807::
295:,
139:on
1558:.
1534:.
1479:.
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1397:)
1343:)
1324:)
1305:)
1232:)
1213:.
1027:'
1021:'
1013:(
1007:'
1001:'
993:(
803:(
776:e
769:t
762:v
301:)
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112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
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50:.
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