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pharmacopoeia. The root as found in commerce consists of transverse sections an inch or more in thickness and from 1 to 3 or more inches in diameter. It has a dark thin papery bark, a spongy texture, and the cut surface is marbled with white and blackish or pale brown; it has a musky odor and a
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Half an ounce of a tincture produced narcotic symptoms, confusing the head, causing a tendency to snore even when awake, and giving feelings of tingling, etc., with a strong odour of the drug from the breath and skin which only passed off after a day or
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in religious ceremonies. The likely volatile nature of the psychoactive principle involved (suggested by the appearance of the odour of the drug in the breath of those intoxicated by it) may point to psychoactive potential in the incense derived from
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from which volatile components would be absorbed via the lungs, when inhaled as vapour or smoke. In this context, it may be observed that similar use as both tranquilliser and incense in
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150:(sic.) the species is listed in the category 'plants with alleged hallucinogenic effects' in an authoritative work on psychotropic plants by
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and has a musky smell, which is not fully developed until after contact with water. Under the name of East Indian sumbul, the root of
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CRC World dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms and etymology
124:, and gives a much darker tincture than the genuine drug; it is thus easily detected. The name "sumbal" (a word of
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origin, signifying a spike or ear) is applied to several fragrant roots in the East, the principal being
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of 1931, noting also that, among other medicinal effects, the drug derived from the plant resembles
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has occasionally been offered in
English commerce. It is of a browner hue, has the taste of
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110:. Of the former, it contains about 9% and of the latter 3%. The resin is soluble in
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Notes on the
Umbelliferae of France, with special reference to poorly known taxa
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bitter aromatic taste. The action and uses of the drug are the same as those of
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effects). She notes further that the drug has a long history of use in
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in 1835 as a substitute for musk; and in 1867 was introduced into the
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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South
African Journal of Botany 2004, 70(3): 449–457.
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http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2808672
269:(2nd ed.). Springfield Illinois: Charles C. Thomas
265:Schultes, Richard Evans; Hofmann, Albert (1979).
277:Pages 368 (plant list) and 378 (bibliography).
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267:The Botany and Chemistry of Hallucinogens
102:. It owes its medicinal properties to a
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18:The term "muskroot" can also refer to
185:in its action and is used in various
50:practice. It consists of the root of
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64:plant of the 'giant fennel' genus
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158:, citing in support articles by
70:found primarily in the north of
56:, known formerly by the synonym
214:ritual is reported for several
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299:Quattrocchi, Umberto (2012).
165:listed in the bibliography.
201:both medicinally and as an
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177:- thus Mrs. Grieve in her
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348:Encyclopædia Britannica
256:Retrieved 12.53 19/9/17
218:species of the related
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152:Richard Evans Schultes
131:Nardostachys jatamansi
187:hysterical conditions
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117:Ferula ammoniacum
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360:Categories
236:References
189:(i.e. has
122:ammoniacum
84:Amur river
76:Uzbekistan
220:Apiaceous
136:spikenard
100:asafetida
60:, a tall
20:spikenard
216:Nepalese
183:Valerian
45:European
41:muskroot
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225:Selinum
203:incense
134:, (see
106:and an
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80:Siberia
72:Bokhara
48:medical
371:Ferula
343:Sumbul
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222:genus
195:Persia
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37:sumbal
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