157:
768:
Luoyang in early 370, Wang bribed Murong Chui's attendant Jin Xi (金熙) to give Murong Ling a false message that Murong Chui had heard that
Empress Dowager Kezuhun had regretted her actions and that, therefore, he was defecting back to Former Yan. Murong Ling, unable to verify either the truth or the falsehood of the message, decided to defect back to Former Yan. Wang immediately accused Murong Ling of treason, and Murong Chui, in fear, fled, but was captured, although Fu Jiān believed that Murong Ling was acting independently and therefore pardoned Murong Chui. Former Yan did not trust Murong Ling and exiled him, and later that year, after he tried to start a rebellion, he was killed in battle after being betrayed by his brother Murong Lin.
1001:) to the west of the Yellow River. Murong Bao's forces gave chase and eventually became worn out, and Tuoba Gui announced false rumors that Murong Chui had died, causing the soldiers to become worried. Meanwhile, some of Murong Lin's supporters considered a coup to support Murong Lin as emperor, and while Murong Lin himself was not involved, mutual suspicions emerged. Murong Bao therefore decided to retreat, not realizing that Tuoba Gui was shadowing his army in the dark winter cold. In deep winter 395, Northern Wei forces ambushed the unsuspecting Later Yan forces at the
836:, and Yao Chang, in the west, Yecheng was not able to receive any reinforcements, but Murong Chui was still unable to capture it quickly. When Zhai Bin, in disappointment over not given a prime ministerial title, considered switching sides again to Former Qin, Murong Chui killed him. Zhai Bin's nephew Zhai Zhen (翟真) rebelled against Later Yan, and for the next several years, while battling Former Qin remnants, Murong Chui also had to battle Dingling forces under Zhai Zhen and later his cousins Zhai Cheng (翟成) and
844:, Murong Chui was eventually able to take Yecheng late in 385 when Fu Pi abandoned it and moved west. (Fu Pi, upon hearing that Fu Jiān had died earlier that year at Yao's hand, then declared himself emperor, but did not pose a further threat to Later Yan.) While isolated pockets of Former Qin resistance remained, by the end of 385 Former Yan was largely in control of the territory north of the Yellow River and east of
1021:) and aimed for Shengle, and Tuoba Gui, in panic, considered abandoning Shengle again. When Murong Chui led his army through the Canhe Slope, however, the soldiers saw the bodies of the dead soldiers and began to cry bitterly, and Murong Chui became so enraged and embarrassed that he grew extremely ill. In response, the Later Yan forces began to withdraw, and on the way back to Zhongshan, Murong Chui died at
532:, whose general Deng Heng (鄧恆) was charged with looking for opportunities to conquer Former Yan, and Murong Ba resisted Deng successfully, causing Deng to be unable to launch a campaign. It was during these years that once, on a hunt, he fell off a horse and lost one of his teeth. After Murong Jun succeeded Murong Huang in 348, because he was still jealous of Murong Ba, he renamed Murong Ba—to
22:
556:(who later changed his family name back to his father's original "Ran") engaged in an internecine struggle. Despite the turmoil, Murong Jun was initially hesitant to march south to take over Later Zhao territory, but Murong Chui persuaded him that the opportunity was ripe. With Murong Chui as one of the major generals, Murong Jun advanced south and, after capturing and executing
732:, whom he had not favored, fled back to Yecheng to report on him, and Murong Ping sent an army to chase after him. Murong Chui then changed his plan and sought to flee to Former Qin instead. He then scattered his followers and fled back south. On the way, another son Murong Manu (慕容馬奴) wanted to flee back to Yecheng and was killed by him. When he was stopped at the
772:
Gao Bi's suggestion, he started to treat them with kindness, with the rebuilding of Yan in mind. Still, in 372, he accused Murong Ping of being the root of Former Yan's destruction and requested that Fu Jiān avenge Former Yan by executing Murong Ping; Fu Jiān did not do so, but effectively exiled Murong Ping by making him the governor of a distant commandery.
445:(Tuoba Gui), leading to the general sense that Murong Chui contributed to the defeats by not building a sound foundation for the empire and by choosing the wrong successor. However he continues to be regarded as a general without parallel during his lifetime for having suffered no defeats throughout his career. Murong Chui's biography in the
677:(慕容評) the Prince of Shangyong of the wisdom of giving at least the post of commander of the armies to Murong Chui. However, after Murong Ke's death later that year, Murong Ping and Empress Dowager Kezuhun disagreed with his advice, and Murong Ping became regent while the commander of the armies post was given to Murong Wei's brother
1005:, killing many soldiers but capturing the most. Murong Bao and a number of his generals were able to flee. Initially, Tuoba Gui was going to release the Later Yan soldiers to show generosity, but at Kepin Jian (可頻建)'s warning that this would permit Later Yan to rebuild its army quickly, slaughtered the captured Later Yan soldiers.
840:. Briefly during early 385, he also had to battle Jin forces, which had taken most of the territory south of the Yellow River and was in a temporary alliance with Fu Pi. The future of his Later Yan state did not appear particularly bright at this point. However, after moving north to pacify most of modern
799:
Murong Chui told Fu Jiān that he was fearful that the people over the Former Yan territory would rebel, and that it would be best if he led a force to pacify the region. Fu Jiān agreed, despite opposition by Quan Yi (權翼). Murong Chui took the army and arrived at
Yecheng, which was being defended by
771:
Late in 370, after Wang defeated Murong Ping and conquered Former Yan, Murong Chui accompanied Fu Jiān to visit the Former Yan capital
Yecheng. Initially, he did not hide his disgust to those officials who failed to support him during the struggle with Murong Ping and Empress Dowager Kezuhun, but at
1012:
the Prince of
Gaoyang and grandson Murong Sheng back to the capital Zhongshan with reinforcements from the northern part of the empire, ready to launch another attack against Northern Wei in 396. Murong Chui then launched the attack, quickly capturing Northern Wei's important city Pingcheng (平城, in
943:
In 391, an incident that would have terrible consequences occurred to lead to the break of relations between Later Yan and
Northern Wei. That year, Tuoba Gui sent his brother Tuoba Gu (拓拔觚) to Later Yan to offer tribute, and Murong Chui's sons detained Tuoba Gu and ordered Tuoba Gui to offer horses
827:
Immediately, the struggle was on for Murong Chui to capture the territory that was formerly Former Yan's. Both he and Murong Nong quickly captured many cities. Luoyang and
Yecheng were isolated. Fu Pi tried to persuade him to stop his rebellion, but he refused, and instead tried to persuade Fu Pi
560:
in 352, took over the eastern half of former Later Zhao territory. During the next few years, Murong Chui participated in subduing many former Later Zhao generals who were still remaining semi-independent. In winter 352, Murong Jun formally declared himself independent from Jin, as emperor, and in
804:
chief Zhai Bin (翟斌) rebelled and attacked
Luoyang, guarded by Fu Pi's younger brother Fu Hui (苻暉), Fu Pi ordered Murong Chui to put down Zhai's rebellion, and Fu Pi sent his assistant Fu Feilong (苻飛龍) to serve as Murong Chui's assistant. On the way to Luoyang, however, Murong Chui killed Fu Feilong
624:
Murong Chui then married her sister as his new princess. However, after a brief time, Empress
Kezuhun ordered that the new Princess Duan be deposed, and she married her sister, the Lady of Chang'an, to Murong Chui as his new princess. Murong Chui did not dare to refuse, but he was displeased, and
610:
Princess Duan and Gao were tortured, but they refused to admit the charges of witchcraft, and because of this the torture was intensified. Murong Chui was saddened by his wife's suffering, and he sent her a message trying to persuade her to end her suffering by admitting to the charge (and thus end
496:
of Murong Huang. In his youth, he greatly impressed his father with his talent, and his father, sometime after succeeding his grandfather as the Duke of
Liaodong in 333, wanted to make him the heir apparent. The officials advised against the action (since the general rules of succession requires
795:
despite great numerical superiority; Fu Rong was killed, and almost the entire army collapsed—although the forces under Murong Chui's command remained intact, and Fu Jiān, who suffered an arrow wound during the defeat, fled to Murong Chui. Murong Chui's son Murong Bao and brother Murong De both
767:
Later in 369, after Murong Ping refused to cede the
Luoyang region to Former Qin, as Former Yan had promised when seeking Former Qin's aid against Jin, Fu Jiān sent Wang to attack Former Yan. Wang requested that Murong Chui's heir apparent Murong Ling accompany him as a guide. After capturing
720:
However, both Murong Ping and Empress Kezuhun grew even more jealous of Murong Chui after his victory and denied his soldiers the rewards that he requested. Murong Ping and Empress Kezuhun further considered executing him. Murong Ke's son Murong Kai (慕容楷) and Murong Chui's uncle Lan Jian (蘭建)
813:
In spring 384, Murong Chui, not yet in open rebellion against Former Qin, arrived at Luoyang, but Fu Hui, hearing of Fu Feilong's death, refused to welcome him. Murong Chui then entered into an alliance with Zhai Bin, who urged him to take imperial title. Murong Chui refused at this point
809:
soldiers and prepared to openly rebel. Meanwhile, despite his suspicions of Murong Chui, Fu Pi did not put Murong Chui's son Murong Nong and nephews Murong Kai and Murong Shao (慕容紹) under surveillance, and the three fled out of Yecheng and started a rebellion of their own.
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tried to persuade Murong Chui to kill Fu Jiān while he had the power to, but Murong Chui instead returned his forces to Fu Jiān's command and returned to Luoyang with Fu Jiān. However, under suggestion by his son Murong Nong, he planned a rebellion to rebuild Yan.
697:, Murong Chui was one of the advocates for assisting the four dukes, who sought Former Yan assistance, and further taking the opportunity to conquer Former Qin. However, Murong Ping declined to do so, and Former Qin was able to capture and execute the four dukes.
986:), quickly advancing on Zhangzi and began besieging it. Murong Yong sought aid from Jin and Northern Wei, but before Jin and Northern Wei forces could arrive, Murong Chui captured Zhangzi, killing Murong Yong and annexing Western Yan territory into Later Yan.
664:
when Muyu Gen conspired against him in 360. Later that year, he also sent Murong Chui to pacify southern provinces which became disturbant in light of Murong Jun's death. In 365, he assisted Murong Ke in capturing the important Jin city of
156:
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In 367, Murong Ke grew ill, and on his deathbed he advised Murong Wei to let Murong Chui succeed him. He also tried to convince Murong Wei's older brother Murong Zang (慕容臧) the Prince of Le'an and his own uncle and co-regent
1033:). His death was not announced until the army reached Zhongshan, however, and he was buried with imperial honors. Murong Bao succeeded him, but in less than a year most of Later Yan would fall into Northern Wei's hands.
437:, but later betrayed him and established Later Yan, leading to a reputation of him as a traitor. Further, his reputation was damaged in that soon after his death, the Later Yan state suffered great defeats at the hands of
914:), and Zhai Liao submitted to him. However, later that year, Zhai Liao rebelled again, and when Zhai Liao made another overture to submit in 388, Murong Chui refused, and Zhai Liao declared himself the "Heavenly King" (
902:
was a distant relative of Murong Chui's and who thus greatly suspected Murong Rou and his nephews. Later that year, all descendants of Murong Chui and Murong Jun remaining in Western Yan were massacred by Murong Yong.
615:
I am not fearful of death. However, if I falsely implicate myself, I admit to treason. I would be betraying my ancestors and dragging Your Royal Highness into this disaster. The results are dire, and I will not do
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were able to deal Huan a major defeat. Relief forces from Former Qin (which Former Yan requested) then arrived, and together they dealt Huan another major defeat, ending Huan's hopes of destroying Former Yan.
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As she was interrogated, Princess Duan replied logically and openly, and Murong Chui was able to avoid being dragged into the case, but she still died in prison, either from the torture or a secret execution.
712:), near Yecheng. Murong Wei and Murong Ping panicked and considered fleeing to the former capital Longcheng. However, Murong Chui volunteered to make one last stand against Huan Wen, and he and his brother
572:), but after it became clear that Murong Chui was ruling the region successfully and garnered the support of the people, Murong Jun became fearful and recalled him to the new capital Yecheng (鄴城, in modern
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In 395, in response to Northern Wei's continuous pillaging of the border region, Murong Chui sent Murong Bao, Murong Nong, Murong Lin, Murong De, and Murong Shao to lead a 90,000+-men army in a
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Upon Murong Chui's arrival in Former Qin territory, Fu Jiān, who had long considered conquering Former Yan but feared Murong Chui's military ability, was greatly pleased and exited the capital
959:). Zhai sought aid from Western Yan, but Murong Yong declined to send a relief force, and Murong Chui quickly crossed the Yellow River and captured Huatai, conquering Zhai's Wei state.
879:) but faced internal rebellions and turmoil, submitted to Murong Chui as a vassal and sought Later Yan aid. Murong Chui sent Murong Lin to help him, and Northern Wei was preserved.
564:
However, Murong Jun continued to be jealous of Murong Chui's talents. He briefly made Murong Chui the defender of the important city and former capital Longcheng (龍城, in modern
1008:
Murong Bao was humiliated and urged Murong Chui to launch another campaign against Northern Wei, and Murong De also urged Murong Chui to do so. He therefore summoned his son
625:
Empress Kezuhun became even more resentful of him. Because of this, Murong Chui was briefly effectively exiled to be the governor of remote Ping Province (平州, modern eastern
1491:
814:(reasoning that he should welcome Murong Wei back as emperor) but accepted the title of Prince of Yan, formally breaking away from Former Qin and establishing Later Yan.
962:
In winter 393, Murong Chui turned his attention to Western Yan. After leading Murong Yong to believe that he would attack Western Yan's capital Zhangzi (長子, in modern
828:
to leave Yecheng with his forces intact; Fu Pi refused, and Murong Chui put Yecheng under siege. With Former Qin now facing further rebellion by Murong Chui's nephews
552:
Soon after Murong Jun succeeded Murong Huang, the powerful rival to the south, Later Zhao, collapsed after the death of Shi Hu, as Shi Hu's sons and adoptive grandson
425:. He was a controversial figure in Chinese history, as his military abilities were outstanding, but as he was forced to flee Former Yan due to the jealousies of the
2516:
736:, he killed the commander of the guards stopping him, forcing his way to Luoyang, and then fled to Former Qin with the younger Princess Duan, his sons Murong Ling,
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Neither Murong Ping nor Empress Dowager Kezuhun trusted Murong Chui, and he was not given important responsibilities. In 368, when four dukes of the rival
864:), which his nephew Murong Wen (慕容溫) the Prince of Lelang had managed to rebuild despite the warfare, his capital. He also claimed the title of emperor.
791:
urged the campaign, and Fu Jiān launched his campaign in fall 383. However, Former Qin forces, commanded by Fu Rong, was defeated by Jin forces at the
760:
to personally welcome Murong Chui. He created Murong Chui the Marquess of Bintu and greatly honored him, despite misgivings by his prime minister
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1484:
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to trade for Tuoba Gu's freedom. Tuoba Gui refused and broke off relations with Later Yan, instead entering into an alliance with Western Yan.
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launched a major attack against Former Yan, defeating each Former Yan army sent against him and advancing all the way to Fangtou (枋頭, in modern
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Murong Ling (慕容令)'s suggestion, seeking to flee and take over Longcheng in order to try to force reconciliation with the imperial government.
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227:
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is a character signifying fortune in prophecies, and therefore again renamed him to Murong Chui, the name that he would be known later by.
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1477:
783:. In 382, when Fu Jiān wanted to launch a major campaign to destroy Jin and unite China, most officials, including Fu Jiān's brother
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royal house, who had reestablished Dai earlier that year but subsequently claimed the title Prince of Wei (thus establishing
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Princess Duan (initially married and forced to be deposed 358, became wife again 369), the sister of the first Princess Duan
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against Northern Wei, with Murong Bao in command. Tuoba Gui withdrew his forces out of his capital Shengle (盛樂, in modern
2528:
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attacked Later Yan's border region, Murong Chui personally led an army against Zhai Zhao's capital Huatai (滑台, in modern
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tribe, Murong Ba was created the Marquess of Duxiang. Later, Murong Ba was posted to the border with the powerful rival
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Unlike Murong Jun, Murong Ke greatly trusted Murong Chui and consulted him on many decisions—including what to do with
2571:
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Later in 387, Murong Chui personally attacked Zhai Liao, who was then occupying Liyang Commandery (黎陽, roughly modern
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Murong Ba became a general for his father early, after his father claimed the title of Prince of Yan and established
505:), and Murong Huang agreed and made Murong Jun heir apparent, but still favored him greatly and officially named him
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32:
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354, when creating many of his sons, brothers, and uncles princes, he created Murong Chui the Prince of Wu.
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In 388, Murong Chui, at age 62, transferred much of his day-to-day authority to Murong Bao, now his
607:. Murong Jun had her and her alleged coconspirator, Murong Chui's assistant Gao Bi (高弼), arrested.
524:, although nominally still being a Jin vassal. In 344, for his contribution in the conquest of the
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1075:(段末柸), posthumously honored as Empress Chengzhao, mother of Heir Apparent Ling and Crown Prince Bao
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1095:(created 388, committed suicide 396), niece of Princesses Duan, mother of Princes Lang and Jian
787:, who succeeded Wang as prime minister after Wang's death in 375, opposed, but Murong Chui and
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Murong Chui put his plan in motion in winter 369. However, once he left Yecheng, his son
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Fu Pi. They suspected each other, but each ruled out ambushing the other. When the
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that the heir apparent be the oldest son of the wife—in this case, his older brother
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suggested that he start a coup, but Murong Chui declined. Instead, he accepted his
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1121:(killed in battle 370), posthumously honored the Emperor Xianzhuang by his nephew
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890:(慕容會, note different character than Murong Chui's grandfather) fled back from
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Around the new year 386, Murong Chui decided to make Zhongshan (中山, in modern
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In 378, Murong Chui participated in the campaign commanded by Fu Jiān's son
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In 387, Murong Chui's youngest son Murong Rou (慕容柔), and Murong Bao's sons
748:, Murong Kai, Lan Jian, and Gao Bi. Princess Kezuhun remained at Yecheng.
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Murong Jian (慕容鑒), the Prince of Boling (created 393, killed by rebels of
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indicated that Murong Chui died aged 71 (by East Asian reckoning) on the
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Murong Lang (慕容朗), the Prince of Bohai (created 393, killed by rebels of
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tribe, was proud of her bloodline and disrespectful to Murong Jun's wife
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517:). Because of this, Murong Jun was very jealous of his younger brother.
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1140:(慕容農), Prince Huanlie of Liaoxi (created 386, killed by rebels in 398)
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Princess Kezuhun (married 358, effectively divorced 369), sister of
639:, with Murong Jun's younger brother and Murong Chui's older brother
492:. He was Murong Huang's fifth son. His mother was Consort Lan, a
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Grand General, Grand Commander, Prince of Yan (大將軍 大都督 燕王, 384–386)
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1169:(慕容熙), the Prince of Hejian (created 393), later Emperor Zhaowen
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the torture but be sentenced to death). Princess Duan remarked:
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to political intrigue. Princess Duan, being the daughter of
629:). He was only recalled when Murong Jun became ill in 359.
1131:(慕容寶), the Crown Prince (created 384), later Emperor Huimin
632:
In 360, Murong Jun died. He was succeeded by his son and
476:
The future Murong Chui was born in 326, while his father
1245:; this corresponds to 2 Jun 396 in the Julian calendar.
1186:
Murong Wonu (慕容倭奴), the Prince of Luyang (captured by
1163:
Murong Rou (慕容柔), the Prince of Yangping (created 387)
1146:(慕容隆), Prince Kang of Gaoyang (created 386, killed by
591:(段末柸) and therefore derived from the royal family of
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Consort Lan, posthumously honored as Empress Wenzhao
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tall (approximately 188.65cm) and having long arms.
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1156:(慕容麟), the Prince of Zhao (created 386, killed by
935:—the niece of two of his deceased wives—empress.
764:. He also made Murong Chui one of his generals.
599:. Perhaps at Empress Kezuhun's instigation, the
429:Murong Ping, he was taken in and trusted by the
603:Nie Hao (涅浩) falsely accused Princess Duan of
1485:
1237:day of the 4th month of the 21st year of the
8:
1202:Portrayed by Kim Dong-hyun in the 2011-2012
1117:Murong Ling (慕容令) or Murong Quan (慕容全), the
947:In 392, after Zhai Liao's son and successor
322:
1492:
1478:
1470:
1292:
540:means "missing"), but soon found out that
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137:
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1260:gave the name as Murong Ling, while the
583:In 358, Murong Chui would lose his wife
1266:gave the name as Murong Quan. Compare
1222:
852:Middle reign: entrenchment of Later Yan
970:) through Taihang Pass (太行, in modern
939:Late reign: deterioration of the state
894:, which had been entrenched in modern
823:Early reign: rebellion from Former Qin
472:During Murong Hui's and Huang's reigns
272:
421:. He was originally a general of the
7:
281:Murong Ba (慕容霸), Murong Que (慕容𡙇),
44:adding citations to reliable sources
1071:(died in prison 358), daughter of
488:the Duke of Liaodong, a vassal of
471:
14:
1134:Murong Manu (慕容馬奴) (executed 369)
1086:(Emperor Jingzhao of Former Yan)
20:
1209:Gwanggaeto, The Great Conqueror
247:Murong Ling, Emperor Xianchuang
31:needs additional citations for
2612:People from Chaoyang, Liaoning
1439:Reason for succession failure:
1297:Emperor Wucheng of (Later) Yan
1:
2517:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
1190:395 and presumptively killed)
693:rebelled against its emperor
2607:4th-century Chinese monarchs
818:Reign as Later Yan's emperor
685:During Murong Ping's regency
411:Emperor Chengwu of Later Yan
141:Emperor Chengwu of Later Yan
2592:Former Yan imperial princes
295:Jiànxīng (建興): 386–396
175:9 February 384 – 2 June 396
2643:
779:against Jin's key city of
656:During Murong Ke's regency
413:(後燕成武帝), was the founding
117:
2466:
1458:
1448:
1421:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1390:
1377:
1370:
1360:
1351:
1327:
1322:
1295:
681:the Prince of Zhongshan.
651:During Murong Wei's reign
643:the Prince of Taiyuan as
548:During Murong Jun's reign
405:(阿六敦), also known by his
387:
336:
325:"martial and successful")
320:
306:
294:
280:
271:
154:
147:
1382:Last known title holder:
871:, the descendant of the
700:In 369, the Jin general
218:Xuanping Mausoleum (宣平陵)
817:
684:
655:
451:described him as seven
321:Emperor Chengwu (成武皇帝,
290:Era name and dates
2617:Generals from Liaoning
618:
2451:Western Shu (405–413)
1424:— TITULAR —
1345:Emperor of Former Yan
1243:Emperor Xiaowu of Jin
1109:, mother of Prince Xi
1003:Battle of Canhe Slope
650:
613:
547:
490:Jin Dynasty (266–420)
390:; 326 – 2 June 396),
1354:Emperor of Later Yan
1241:era of the reign of
1093:Empress Duan Yuanfei
1037:Personal information
501:, the oldest son of
439:Northern Wei dynasty
40:improve this article
2622:Witchcraft in China
2597:Former Qin generals
2587:Former Yan generals
1048:(Prince Wenming of
991:punitive expedition
793:Battle of Fei River
309:Emperor (since 386)
2572:Later Yan emperors
2435:Huan Chu (403–404)
2270:Son of Tuoba Pugen
1408:Titles in pretence
1332:Title last held by
898:and whose emperor
2627:Founding monarchs
2559:
2558:
2346:Duan Qi (350–356)
2307:
2299:
1468:
1467:
1449:Succeeded by
1426:
1361:Succeeded by
1349:
846:Taihang Mountains
752:During Former Qin
467:During Former Yan
419:Later Yan dynasty
377:
376:
341:
340:
285:Murong Chui (慕容垂)
228:Empress Chengzhao
116:
115:
108:
90:
2634:
2305:
2297:
1502:Sixteen Kingdoms
1500:Monarchs of the
1494:
1487:
1480:
1471:
1459:Preceded by
1446:
1444:Sixteen Kingdoms
1440:
1431:Emperor of China
1422:
1414:Preceded by
1340:
1318:
1311:
1293:
1287:
1252:
1246:
1227:
1125:(Emperor Zhaowu)
389:
324:
273:
208:
159:
138:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
48:
24:
16:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2462:
2446:
2430:
2406:
2357:
2341:
2315:
2311:Tuoba Shiyijian
2245:
2154:
2125:
2096:
2067:
2043:
2000:
1971:
1935:
1901:
1872:
1816:
1765:
1736:
1680:
1619:
1564:
1504:
1498:
1464:
1454:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1396:
1383:
1372:Chinese royalty
1366:
1357:
1339:
1333:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1302:House of Murong
1298:
1291:
1290:
1253:
1249:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1199:
1197:Popular culture
1080:Empress Kezuhun
1039:
1025:(上谷, in modern
941:
854:
825:
820:
754:
687:
658:
653:
597:Empress Kezuhun
550:
474:
469:
407:posthumous name
315:Posthumous name
308:
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260:
256:
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248:
234:
230:
219:
206:
142:
136:
133:
112:
101:
95:
92:
49:
47:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
2640:
2638:
2630:
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2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
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2589:
2584:
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2557:
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2399:
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2342:
2340:
2339:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2256:
2254:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2165:
2163:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2034:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2006:Northern Liang
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1980:
1977:Southern Liang
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1952:
1946:
1944:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1910:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1881:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1833:
1827:
1825:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1776:
1774:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1747:
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1738:
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1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1691:
1689:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1671:Zhang Xuanjing
1668:
1663:
1658:
1656:Zhang Chonghua
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1630:
1628:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1610:
1605:
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1505:
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1489:
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1474:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1447:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1389:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1350:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1323:Regnal titles
1320:
1319:
1299:
1296:
1289:
1288:
1268:Zizhi Tongjian
1257:Zizhi Tongjian
1247:
1231:Zizhi Tongjian
1221:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1151:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1126:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1076:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1038:
1035:
999:Inner Mongolia
940:
937:
853:
850:
824:
821:
819:
816:
753:
750:
686:
683:
657:
654:
652:
649:
549:
546:
480:was still the
473:
470:
468:
465:
375:
374:
369:
365:
364:
359:
353:
352:
349:
343:
342:
339:
338:
334:
333:
327:
326:
318:
317:
311:
310:
304:
303:
297:
296:
292:
291:
287:
286:
278:
277:
269:
268:
245:
239:
238:
225:
221:
220:
217:
215:
211:
210:
209:(aged 70)
203:
199:
198:
195:
191:
190:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
161:
160:
152:
151:
149:Emperor of Yan
145:
144:
135:Emperor of Yan
134:
114:
113:
96:September 2012
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2639:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:Witch hunting
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2569:
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2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
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2478:
2474:
2470:
2465:
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2456:
2455:
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2437:
2433:
2427:
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2419:
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2416:
2413:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2337:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2073:Western Liang
2070:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2046:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1661:Zhang Yaoling
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1463:
1457:
1453:
1445:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1355:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1119:heir apparent
1116:
1115:
1113:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1069:Princess Duan
1067:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
987:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
960:
958:
954:
950:
945:
938:
936:
934:
930:
925:
923:
919:
918:
913:
909:
904:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
880:
878:
874:
870:
865:
863:
859:
851:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
822:
815:
811:
808:
803:
797:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
773:
769:
765:
763:
759:
751:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
726:
724:
723:heir apparent
718:
715:
711:
707:
703:
698:
696:
692:
682:
680:
676:
670:
668:
663:
648:
646:
642:
638:
635:
630:
628:
622:
617:
612:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
585:Princess Duan
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
562:
559:
555:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:heir apparent
479:
466:
464:
462:
461:
456:
455:
450:
449:
444:
443:Emperor Daowu
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
393:
392:courtesy name
385:
381:
373:
370:
366:
363:
360:
358:
354:
350:
348:
344:
335:
332:
328:
319:
316:
312:
305:
302:
298:
293:
288:
284:
279:
274:
270:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
246:
244:
240:
237:
233:
229:
226:
222:
216:
212:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
185:
182:
178:
174:
170:
167:
162:
158:
153:
150:
146:
139:
131:
130:
125:
121:
110:
107:
99:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
55:"Murong Chui"
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
2505:N. Dynasties
2501:S. Dynasties
2397:Murong Zhong
2377:Murong Chong
2303:Tuoba Yihuai
2290:Tuoba Yihuai
2236:Yang Nandang
2231:Yang Baozong
2131:Northern Yan
2116:Helian Chang
2049:Southern Yan
2020:Juqu Mengxun
1921:Qifu Qiangui
1858:Murong Sheng
1842:Murong Xiang
1830:
1751:Murong Huang
1676:Zhang Tianxi
1625:Former Liang
1429:
1428:
1423:
1400:
1393:Prince of Wu
1391:
1384:
1378:
1352:
1342:
1341:
1334:
1328:
1314:
1307:
1300:
1275:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1250:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1229:Vol. 108 of
1225:
1207:
1188:Northern Wei
1123:Murong Sheng
1107:Consort Duan
1046:Murong Huang
1007:
988:
961:
946:
942:
933:Duan Yuanfei
929:crown prince
926:
915:
905:
884:Murong Sheng
881:
877:Northern Wei
866:
855:
834:Murong Chong
826:
812:
798:
774:
770:
766:
755:
734:Yellow River
727:
719:
699:
688:
679:Murong Chong
671:
659:
634:crown prince
631:
623:
619:
614:
609:
582:
563:
551:
541:
537:
533:
519:
510:
506:
503:Duchess Duan
478:Murong Huang
475:
458:
452:
446:
410:
402:
394:
379:
378:
372:Murong Huang
282:
236:Consort Duan
232:Duan Yuanfei
148:
127:
120:Chinese name
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2497:16 Kingdoms
2402:Murong Yong
2372:Murong Hong
2363:Western Yan
2306:(2nd reign)
2298:(2nd reign)
2265:Tuoba Pugen
2241:Yang Baochi
2169:Yang Maosou
2121:Helian Ding
2111:Helian Bobo
2063:Murong Chao
2038:Juqu Anzhou
2025:Juqu Mujian
1991:Tufa Lilugu
1941:Later Liang
1926:Qifu Chipan
1916:Qifu Guoren
1907:Western Qin
1831:Murong Chui
1462:Murong Yong
1276:Book of Jin
1263:Book of Jin
1144:Murong Long
1138:Murong Nong
1027:Zhangjiakou
1010:Murong Long
900:Murong Yong
892:Western Yan
830:Murong Hong
746:Murong Long
742:Murong Nong
675:Murong Ping
448:Book of Jin
441:'s founder
417:of China's
380:Murong Chui
331:Temple name
301:Regnal name
258:Murong Long
250:Murong Nong
207:(396-06-02)
124:family name
2582:396 deaths
2577:326 births
2566:Categories
2489:3 Kingdoms
2392:Murong Yao
2295:Tuoba Hena
2285:Tuoba Hena
2280:Tuoba Heru
2275:Tuoba Yulü
2260:Tuoba Yilu
2221:Yang Sheng
2174:Yang Nandi
2031:Juqu Wuhui
1996:Tufa Rutan
1868:Murong Yun
1847:Murong Lin
1836:Murong Bao
1771:Former Qin
1761:Murong Wei
1756:Murong Jun
1742:Former Yan
1686:Later Zhao
1452:Murong Bao
1364:Murong Bao
1336:Murong Wei
1217:References
1206:TV series
1154:Murong Lin
1148:Murong Hui
1129:Murong Bao
1102:Concubines
1084:Murong Jun
1082:, wife of
1073:Duan Mopei
1050:Former Yan
888:Murong Hui
738:Murong Bao
730:Murong Lin
691:Former Qin
637:Murong Wei
605:witchcraft
589:Duan Mopei
534:Murong Que
530:Later Zhao
522:Former Yan
499:Murong Jun
486:Murong Hui
457:and seven
431:Former Qin
423:Former Yan
337:Shizu (世祖)
262:Murong Lin
254:Murong Bao
205:2 June 396
184:Murong Bao
66:newspapers
2458:Qiao Zong
2442:Huan Xuan
2426:Zhai Zhao
2421:Zhai Liao
2414:(388–392)
2387:Murong Yi
2365:(384–394)
2323:(350–352)
2253:(310–376)
2226:Yang Xuan
2216:Yang Ding
2211:Yang Cuan
2205:Yang Tong
2162:(296–443)
2150:Feng Hong
2133:(407–436)
2104:(407–431)
2075:(400–421)
2058:Murong De
2051:(398–410)
2008:(397–460)
1986:Tufa Wugu
1979:(397–414)
1943:(386–403)
1931:Qifu Mumo
1909:(385–431)
1887:Yao Chang
1880:(384–417)
1878:Later Qin
1863:Murong Xi
1824:(384–409)
1822:Later Yan
1806:Dou Chong
1773:(351–394)
1744:(337–370)
1688:(319–351)
1666:Zhang Zuo
1651:Zhang Jun
1646:Zhang Mao
1641:Zhang Shi
1635:Zhang Gui
1627:(318–376)
1572:(304–329)
1512:(304–347)
1510:Cheng-Han
1379:Recreated
1329:Recreated
1181:Duan Sugu
1174:Duan Sugu
1167:Murong Xi
1158:Murong De
1114:Children
949:Zhai Zhao
917:Tian Wang
869:Tuoba Gui
838:Zhai Liao
789:Yao Chang
781:Xiangyang
762:Wang Meng
714:Murong De
641:Murong Ke
507:Murong Ba
494:concubine
362:Later Yan
266:Murong Xi
180:Successor
166:Later Yan
164:Ruler of
2412:Zhai Wei
2382:Duan Sui
2353:Duan Kan
2199:Yang Shi
2194:Yang Jun
2189:Yang Guo
2184:Yang Chu
1950:Lü Guang
1897:Yao Hong
1892:Yao Xing
1812:Fu Chong
1785:Fu Sheng
1731:Liu Xian
1720:Shi Jian
1700:Shi Hong
1602:Jin Zhun
1591:Liu Cong
1579:Liu Yuan
1570:Han-Zhao
1533:Li Xiong
1397:354–370
1386:Sun Quan
1358:384–396
1278:, vols.
1272:vol. 102
1239:Tai'yuan
964:Changzhi
867:In 386,
805:and his
802:Dingling
758:Chang'an
702:Huan Wen
662:Muyu Gen
627:Liaoning
570:Liaoning
513:meaning
433:emperor
118:In this
2336:Ran Zhi
2330:Ran Min
2321:Ran Wei
2179:Yang Yi
2160:Chouchi
2145:Feng Ba
2140:Gao Yun
2015:Duan Ye
1967:Lü Long
1962:Lü Zuan
1956:Lü Shao
1852:Lan Han
1800:Fu Deng
1790:Fu Jiān
1780:Fu Jiàn
1725:Shi Zhi
1715:Shi Zun
1710:Shi Shi
1608:Liu Yao
1596:Liu Can
1559:Fan Ben
1548:Li Shou
1436:384–396
1417:Fu Jiān
1401:Unknown
1274:, with
1057:Mother
1042:Father
1023:Shanggu
1013:modern
972:Jiaozuo
858:Baoding
785:Fu Rong
695:Fu Jiān
667:Luoyang
566:Jinzhou
558:Ran Min
554:Shi Min
536:(慕容𡙇,
515:hegemon
435:Fu Jiān
415:emperor
409:as the
399:Xianbei
395:Daoming
384:Chinese
357:Dynasty
80:scholar
2529:W. Xia
2092:Li Xun
2087:Li Xin
2082:Li Gao
1705:Shi Hu
1695:Shi Le
1614:Liu Xi
1585:Liu He
1553:Li Shi
1538:Li Ban
1527:Li Liu
1313:
1235:guiwei
1100:Major
1065:Wives
1019:Shanxi
1015:Datong
995:Hohhot
980:Handan
968:Shanxi
953:Anyang
896:Shanxi
645:regent
601:eunuch
574:Handan
509:(慕容霸,
427:regent
397:(道明),
386::
368:Father
351:Murong
224:Spouse
214:Burial
129:Murong
122:, the
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
2473:Shang
1795:Fu Pi
1543:Li Qi
1520:Li Te
1315:Died:
1308:Born:
1031:Hebei
984:Henan
976:Henan
957:Henan
920:) of
912:Henan
862:Hebei
842:Hebei
777:Fu Pi
710:Henan
616:this.
578:Hebei
526:Yuwen
403:Altun
401:name
347:House
283:later
276:Names
243:Issue
172:Reign
143:後燕成武帝
87:JSTOR
73:books
2545:Qing
2541:Ming
2537:Yuan
2525:Song
2521:Liao
2513:Tang
2477:Zhou
1254:The
1204:KBS1
1183:397)
1176:397)
1160:398)
1150:397)
908:Hebi
886:and
832:and
706:Hebi
593:Duan
323:lit.
202:Died
194:Born
59:news
2553:PRC
2549:ROC
2533:Jīn
2509:Sui
2493:Jìn
2485:Han
2481:Qin
2469:Xia
2251:Dai
2102:Xia
1343:as
1317:396
1310:326
1284:124
1280:123
922:Wei
873:Dai
580:).
542:Que
538:Que
484:to
460:cun
454:chi
388:慕容垂
197:326
126:is
42:by
2568::
2551:/
2547:→
2543:→
2539:→
2535:→
2531:/
2527:/
2523:/
2519:→
2515:→
2511:→
2507:→
2503:/
2499:→
2495:/
2491:→
2487:→
2483:→
2479:→
2475:→
2471:→
1282:,
1270:,
1029:,
1017:,
997:,
982:,
974:,
966:,
955:,
924:.
910:,
860:,
848:.
807:Di
744:,
740:,
708:,
647:.
576:,
568:,
511:Ba
2338:)
2334:(
2207:)
2203:(
2040:)
2036:(
2033:)
2029:(
1958:)
1954:(
1854:)
1840:(
1808:)
1804:(
1733:)
1729:(
1637:)
1633:(
1616:)
1612:(
1604:)
1600:(
1587:)
1583:(
1561:)
1557:(
1529:)
1525:(
1522:)
1518:(
1493:e
1486:t
1479:v
1286:.
1212:.
1052:)
382:(
132:.
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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