108:
210:
117:
219:
466:
377:
47:" typically is used to describe a type of artillery piece, although it is technically accurate for small arms as well. A shoulder arm is typically just called a "rifle", as almost all small arms were rifled by the time breechloading became prevalent. Muzzle and breechloading artillery served together for several decades, making a clear distinction more important. In the case of artillery, the abbreviation "
449:) into which the rifling had been cut. The A tube was closed at the breech end by a wrought iron cup screwed into it. Iron was removed from the outside of the original gun barrel near to the muzzle so that a cast iron collar could be screwed over it and provide a shoulder at the muzzle to hold the A tube in place. The A tube was also held by a plug screwed into the gun underneath its
272:
341:
Until the middle of the 19th century Royal Navy warships had been armed with progressively larger smoothbore muzzle-loading cannon. These had by then approached their limit in terms of armour penetration, range and destructive power. It was known that rifled ordnance provided more accuracy, a greater
361:
breeched guns of the following century. There were several reasons for this: the shell could not be made to fit too closely into the bore of the gun, as it would not have been possible to ram it home; the velocity of a shell depends, among other factors, on the length of the gun barrel, and the need
433:
In the
British navy, many smaller 64-pounder smoothbore guns were converted to rifled weapons: the converted guns were called RMLs, whilst weapons manufactured with rifling were termed muzzle-loading rifles. This distinction did not survive with the larger calibres, which were generally all called
356:
The type of gun finally adopted was a muzzle-loading weapon which fired projectiles with external studs which engaged with the rifling. This system was the "Woolwich" system; while it was possible with this system to fire shells at a higher muzzle velocity, and therefore with greater penetrative
530:
Improvements in breech mechanisms in the period 1860 to 1880, together with the introduction of large grain powder, caused the Navy to re-adopt the RBL as the new powder required longer barrels which could not be withdrawn into the turret for loading. A new 12-inch gun was developed for
322:. These guns were a considerable improvement over the previous smooth-bore guns which had been in use. They were able to shoot at 3,000 meters either regular shells, ball-loaded shells or grapeshot. They appear to have been the first case of usage of rifled cannons on a battlefield.
79:
grooves cut on the inside of the barrel cause the projectile to spin rapidly in flight, giving it greater stability and hence range and accuracy than smoothbore guns. Hand held rifles were well-developed by the 1740s. A popularly recognizable form of the "muzzleloader" is the
511:
During this period rapid burning black powder was used as the propellant, so the guns had a stubby, 'soda bottle' shape giving easy access to either end for loading. The RBLs of the time were notably weaker in the breech region, and more prone to failure.
263:
362:
to load through the muzzle necessitated a short barrel so as to make the muzzle accessible to the loaders; later types of explosive were superior; and metallurgical techniques improved to allow a higher initial pressure in the breech of the gun.
1168:
357:
power, than before, the studs tended to shear, there was excessive wear of the gun liner, and the shells tended to wobble in flight. Furthermore, the muzzle velocity obtainable in these guns was no more than half of that obtained in
526:
and was subsequently double-loaded (causing catastrophic failure when fired again), motivated the
Admiralty to re-consider the rifled breech loaders, as it is generally impossible to double load a breechloader.
662:
169:, although this involved a lot of complication in inserting the bullet past the rifling, and clogging and cleaning problems were notorious. There are also muzzle-loading pistols and shotguns. The
497:(launched in 1876 and 1878, respectively). The Royal Navy at the time was restricted to the weapons produced by Woolwich Arsenal, so that the heaviest guns that could be shipped were the
353:, which, while it was an improvement over previous smoothbore guns of lesser calibre, could not penetrate armour of thicknesses currently being shipped by British or foreign battleships.
1139:
655:
1173:
342:
range and more penetrative power, which was the rationale behind the development and on-board shipping of the breech-loading cannon developed by the company owned by
343:
648:
1132:
1583:
1004:
979:
346:. These weapons, however, were dangerously prone to failure, frequently explosively, and an alternative armament became urgently necessary.
1593:
1543:
1052:
994:
1125:
1588:
1573:
1548:
1047:
989:
974:
969:
1318:
1019:
945:
872:
849:
797:
727:
683:
181:
and similar weapons were used from about 1700 to 1900, but gradually gave way to firearms whose projectile is loaded into the chamber
954:
407:
cannon which preceded it, the rifling of the gun barrel allowed much greater accuracy and penetration as the spin induced to the
492:
1328:
1255:
1042:
885:
48:
107:
984:
437:
Many artillery pieces were converted from older smooth bore weapons once technical problems in strengthening the original
1462:
1343:
1323:
1009:
999:
814:
809:
602:
1178:
209:
1510:
959:
1117:
1730:
1381:
1745:
1515:
1492:
1482:
1386:
1198:
890:
862:
830:
381:
335:
1740:
1598:
1558:
1467:
1435:
964:
930:
839:
819:
55:
would be "RBL", or often just "BL", since smoothbore breechloading artillery is almost nonexistent (except in
1538:
1353:
1348:
1037:
486:
1635:
1630:
1750:
1603:
1032:
1027:
935:
925:
920:
915:
910:
591:
569:
498:
158:
116:
1578:
1487:
1472:
1415:
1410:
1338:
1088:
905:
764:
759:
502:
453:. The outside of the breech portion was turned on a lathe so that another wrought iron tube, called the
412:
182:
68:
782:
1568:
1520:
1425:
1363:
1333:
1250:
900:
532:
516:
419:
371:
52:
44:
741:
640:
218:
1505:
1457:
1057:
736:
697:
692:
478:
465:
415:. Typical guns weighed 30 tonnes with 10" diameter muzzles, and were installed in forts and ships.
376:
315:
85:
72:
1275:
1265:
1553:
1477:
1420:
1203:
482:
408:
288:
238:". Caliber: 86 mm. Length: 0.82 m. Weight: 101 kg (208 kg with carriage). Ammunition: 4 kg shell.
1270:
84:, which was actually developed in Pennsylvania. The American Longrifle evolved from the German "
1530:
1497:
1358:
1106:
787:
702:
587:
389:
358:
334:, after experimentation with alternative armament systems, after the failure of the Armstrong
64:
60:
1193:
1183:
1160:
853:
442:
1285:
1280:
538:
in 1879, but burst during trials. Following modifications the new weapon proved reliable.
1735:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1622:
1449:
1304:
1260:
1240:
1208:
751:
717:
350:
311:
284:
231:
199:
403:
pieces of muzzle-loading rifle format, invented in the mid-19th century. In contrast to
1694:
1563:
1245:
1148:
1083:
895:
712:
707:
671:
291:
equipped with lugs which allowed it to follow the rifle grooves inside the cannon bore.
166:
139:
81:
1724:
1152:
876:
675:
547:
170:
17:
1373:
609:
234:
was introduced in 1858. Rifled mountain cannon "Canon de montagne de 4 modèle 1859
32:
173:
of the middle 19th century increased the rate of fire of rifles to match that of
1704:
1699:
1686:
1608:
1235:
1078:
1073:
129:
1444:
1230:
1188:
404:
385:
331:
301:
178:
174:
40:
1709:
1402:
1295:
523:
485:
of the 1870s, four of which were installed in each of the
Italian ironclads
445:, consisted of enlarging the bore to accept a wrought iron tube (called the
438:
423:
400:
262:
244:
1396:
774:
450:
441:
body had been overcome. The widely adopted solution, invented in 1863 by
427:
56:
271:
1098:
148:
135:
76:
1218:
330:
The muzzle-loading rifle was introduced into service in ships of the
36:
426:
in the late 19th century, with rapid advances in fortifications and
349:
An initial attempt at an alternative was the 100-pounder smoothbore
177:, and rifled muzzle-loading small arms were rapidly adopted. These
1222:
464:
375:
319:
297:
162:
132:
97:
1121:
644:
522:
in
January 1879, in which a 35-ton 12 inch muzzle loader
75:(RBL), which is loaded from the breech-end of the barrel. The
67:(or "tube" in artillery terms). This is the opposite of a
1685:
1647:
1621:
1529:
1434:
1395:
1372:
1303:
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1217:
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1097:
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944:
871:
848:
828:
796:
773:
750:
726:
682:
603:"Portsdown Artillery Volunteers - The 64pr. R.M.L."
59:). A muzzle loading weapon is loaded through the
51:" is often prefixed to the guns designation; a
1133:
656:
477:The largest RML carried on a warship was the
185:, without having to pass through the barrel.
8:
571:French Army 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War (1)
314:rifled guns were used from 1859 during the
1300:
1140:
1126:
1118:
663:
649:
641:
637:. London: Seeley, Service & Co, 1973.
457:, could be slid over it to strengthen it.
565:
563:
35:small arm or artillery piece that has a
559:
7:
469:The reloading mechanism onboard HMS
232:La Hitte muzzle-loading rifle system
25:
1151:small arms & ordnance of the
515:A catastrophic accident on board
399:Rifled muzzle loader (RMLs) are
270:
261:
217:
208:
115:
106:
1209:Webley .455" Revolver Mk I – IV
1256:Pattern 1861 Enfield musketoon
483:17.7 inch (450-mm) 100 ton gun
1:
606:The Palmerston Forts Society
384:rifled muzzle loader in the
1767:
1584:BL 9.2-inch Mk IV & VI
1382:RML 7-pounder mountain gun
586:by Jennings Cropper Wise,
369:
336:100-pounder breech-loaders
197:
95:
1516:BL 6-inch 30 cwt howitzer
1493:RML 64-pounder 71 cwt gun
1483:RML 64-pounder 64 cwt gun
1387:RML 2.5-inch mountain gun
1043:QF 12-pounder 12 cwt Mk I
728:Smoothbore muzzle-loading
684:Smoothbore muzzle-loading
1594:BL 12-inch Mk I, VI, VII
1549:BL 6-inch Mk III, IV, VI
1438:& garrison artillery
840:68-pounder Lancaster gun
479:Elswick Ordnance Company
1539:QF 3-pounder Nordenfelt
1349:BL 12-pounder 6 cwt gun
1179:Beaumont–Adams revolver
1038:QF 6-pounder Nordenfelt
829:Rifled muzzle-loaders (
1511:BL 5-inch gun Mk I – V
1199:Kerr's Patent revolver
1033:QF 6-pounder Hotchkiss
1028:QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss
980:BL 9.2-inch Mk I – VII
820:RBL 7-inch 110-pounder
474:
396:
1636:10-inch 18 cwt mortar
1631:13-inch 36 cwt mortar
1521:BL 9.45-inch howitzer
1488:RML 64-pounder 58 cwt
1473:RML 25-pounder 18 cwt
1445:4.1-inch 'Long Cecil'
1416:RML 6.6-inch howitzer
1411:RML 6.3-inch howitzer
1339:RML 16-pounder 12 cwt
1312:SBML 9 pounder 13 cwt
1089:1-inch Nordenfelt gun
995:BL 12-inch Mk I – VII
891:RML 64-pounder 64 cwt
873:Rifled muzzle-loaders
863:RML 64-pounder 71 cwt
850:Rifled muzzle-loaders
674:naval weapons of the
573:by Stephen Shann p.37
468:
418:This new gun and the
413:directional stability
379:
366:Rifled muzzle loaders
344:Sir William Armstrong
96:Further information:
69:breech-loading weapon
39:barrel rather than a
18:Muzzle-loading rifles
1426:BL 5.4-inch howitzer
1364:QF 1-pounder pom-pom
1334:RML 13-pounder 8 cwt
1251:Pattern 1853 Enfield
970:BL 6-inch Mk II – VI
965:BL 6-inch 80-pounder
798:Rifled breechloaders
420:rifled breech loader
372:Rifled muzzle loader
53:Rifled breech loader
45:rifled muzzle loader
29:muzzle-loading rifle
1640:8-inch 9 cwt mortar
1506:RML 8-inch howitzer
1354:QF 12-pounder 8 cwt
1344:BL 12-pounder 7 cwt
1329:RML 9-pounder 8 cwt
1174:1897 infantry sword
985:BL 9.2-inch Mk VIII
886:RML 9-pounder 8 cwt
635:British Battleships
584:The Long Arm of Lee
499:80 ton 16 inch guns
382:6.3 inch 64-pounder
338:installed in 1860.
316:Franco-Austrian War
287:was based around a
73:rifled breechloader
1478:RML 40-pounder gun
1458:SBML 8-inch 65 cwt
1421:BL 5-inch howitzer
1374:Mountain artillery
1246:Pattern 1851 Minié
1000:BL 12-inch Mk VIII
926:RML 12-inch 35-ton
921:RML 12-inch 25-ton
765:13-inch Blomefield
760:10-inch Blomefield
475:
397:
326:British Royal Navy
151:of Lepage carbine.
63:, or front of the
1731:Caseless firearms
1718:
1717:
1700:0.45" Gatling gun
1617:
1616:
1531:Coastal artillery
1359:BL 15-pounder gun
1115:
1114:
1107:Whitehead torpedo
1020:Quick-firing guns
788:24-pounder Millar
783:12-pounder Millar
703:32-pounder 55 cwt
633:Dr Oscar Parkes.
588:Gary W. Gallagher
422:generated a huge
359:interrupted screw
16:(Redirected from
1758:
1746:1860s in science
1678:Hales 24-pounder
1574:BL 8-inch Mk VII
1502:RML 6.6-inch gun
1301:
1204:Tranter revolver
1194:Enfield revolver
1142:
1135:
1128:
1119:
665:
658:
651:
642:
621:
620:
618:
617:
608:. Archived from
599:
593:
581:
575:
567:
443:William Palliser
296:: Shell used in
274:
265:
221:
212:
119:
110:
21:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1741:Naval artillery
1721:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1681:
1675:Hales 9-pounder
1643:
1613:
1589:BL 10-inch Mk I
1525:
1454:SBML 24-pounder
1450:SBBL 32-pounder
1430:
1403:heavy artillery
1400:
1391:
1368:
1305:Field Artillery
1290:
1261:Whitworth rifle
1241:Brunswick rifle
1213:
1169:Infantry swords
1155:
1146:
1116:
1111:
1093:
1062:
1014:
940:
867:
844:
824:
792:
769:
746:
722:
718:Somerset cannon
678:
669:
630:
628:Further reading
625:
624:
615:
613:
601:
600:
596:
582:
578:
568:
561:
556:
544:
463:
374:
368:
351:Somerset cannon
328:
308:
307:
306:
305:
292:
285:La Hitte system
277:
276:
275:
267:
266:
255:
254:
253:
252:
239:
224:
223:
222:
214:
213:
202:
200:La Hitte system
196:
194:La Hitte system
191:
155:
154:
153:
152:
143:
122:
121:
120:
112:
111:
100:
94:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1723:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1695:Nordenfelt gun
1691:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1609:RML 17.72-inch
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1554:BL 6-inch Mk V
1551:
1546:
1541:
1535:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1498:RML 80-pounder
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1463:RBL 40-pounder
1460:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1439:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1407:
1405:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1378:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1324:RBL 20-pounder
1321:
1319:RBL 12-pounder
1316:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1276:Swinburn–Henry
1273:
1268:
1266:Snider–Enfield
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1184:Adams revolver
1181:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1149:British Empire
1147:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1122:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1084:Nordenfelt gun
1081:
1076:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1024:
1022:
1016:
1015:
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1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
951:
949:
946:Breech-loaders
942:
941:
939:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
882:
880:
869:
868:
866:
865:
859:
857:
846:
845:
843:
842:
836:
834:
826:
825:
823:
822:
817:
815:RBL 40-pounder
812:
810:RBL 20-pounder
807:
803:
801:
794:
793:
791:
790:
785:
779:
777:
771:
770:
768:
767:
762:
756:
754:
748:
747:
745:
744:
742:10-inch 86 cwt
739:
733:
731:
724:
723:
721:
720:
715:
710:
708:32-pounder gun
705:
700:
695:
689:
687:
680:
679:
672:British Empire
670:
668:
667:
660:
653:
645:
639:
638:
629:
626:
623:
622:
594:
576:
558:
557:
555:
552:
551:
550:
543:
540:
494:Enrico Dandolo
462:
459:
370:Main article:
367:
364:
327:
324:
279:
278:
269:
268:
260:
259:
258:
257:
256:
226:
225:
216:
215:
207:
206:
205:
204:
203:
198:Main article:
195:
192:
190:
187:
183:via the breech
167:muzzle-loading
159:early firearms
142:", circa 1800.
140:Premier Consul
124:
123:
114:
113:
105:
104:
103:
102:
101:
93:
90:
82:Kentucky Rifle
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1763:
1752:
1751:Muzzleloaders
1749:
1747:
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1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
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1729:
1728:
1726:
1711:
1708:
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1701:
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1646:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1599:RML 12.5-inch
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
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1528:
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1514:
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1509:
1507:
1504:
1501:
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1496:
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1489:
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1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1451:
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1446:
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1442:
1440:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1398:
1394:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:RBL 9 pounder
1314:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1271:Martini–Henry
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1153:Victorian era
1150:
1143:
1138:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1067:Light weapons
1065:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1010:BL 16.25-inch
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
952:
950:
948:(new pattern)
947:
943:
937:
934:
932:
931:RML 12.5-inch
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
881:
878:
874:
870:
864:
861:
860:
858:
855:
851:
847:
841:
838:
837:
835:
832:
827:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:RBL 9 pounder
805:
804:
802:
799:
795:
789:
786:
784:
781:
780:
778:
776:
772:
766:
763:
761:
758:
757:
755:
753:
749:
743:
740:
738:
735:
734:
732:
729:
725:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
690:
688:
685:
681:
677:
676:Victorian era
673:
666:
661:
659:
654:
652:
647:
646:
643:
636:
632:
631:
627:
612:on 2005-12-21
611:
607:
604:
598:
595:
592:
589:
585:
580:
577:
574:
572:
566:
564:
560:
553:
549:
548:Rifled musket
546:
545:
541:
539:
537:
536:
528:
525:
521:
520:
513:
509:
507:
506:
500:
496:
495:
490:
489:
484:
480:
472:
467:
460:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
435:
431:
429:
425:
421:
416:
414:
410:
406:
402:
395:
393:
387:
383:
378:
373:
365:
363:
360:
354:
352:
347:
345:
339:
337:
333:
325:
323:
321:
317:
313:
303:
299:
295:
290:
286:
282:
273:
264:
250:
246:
242:
237:
233:
229:
220:
211:
201:
193:
188:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
150:
146:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
118:
109:
99:
91:
89:
87:
83:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
33:muzzle-loaded
30:
19:
1687:Machine guns
1005:BL 13.5-inch
634:
614:. Retrieved
610:the original
605:
597:
583:
579:
570:
534:
529:
518:
514:
510:
504:
493:
487:
476:
470:
461:Aboard ships
454:
446:
436:
432:
417:
398:
391:
355:
348:
340:
329:
309:
293:
280:
248:
240:
235:
227:
161:, the first
156:
144:
125:
43:. The term "
28:
26:
1705:Gardner gun
1648:War rockets
1604:RML 16-inch
1544:QF 4.7-inch
1286:Lee–Enfield
1281:Lee–Metford
1236:Baker rifle
1079:Gardner gun
1074:Gatling gun
1053:QF 4.7-inch
936:RML 16-inch
916:RML 11-inch
911:RML 10-inch
800:(Armstrong)
405:smooth bore
300:during the
294:Right image
249:Le PĂ©tulant
247:rifling of
241:Right image
236:Le PĂ©tulant
179:long rifles
175:smoothbores
145:Right image
130:Jean Lepage
1725:Categories
1669:24-pounder
1663:12-pounder
1579:RML 9-inch
1569:RML 8-inch
1564:RML 7-inch
1559:RBL 7-inch
1468:RBL 7-inch
1231:Brown Bess
1189:Webley RIC
990:BL 10-inch
906:RML 9-inch
901:RML 8-inch
896:RML 7-inch
730:shell guns
713:68-pounder
698:24-pounder
693:18-pounder
616:2007-04-10
554:References
505:Inflexible
471:Inflexible
430:warships.
386:forecastle
332:Royal Navy
302:Boshin War
281:Left image
228:Left image
171:Minié ball
157:Like most
126:Left image
92:Small arms
41:smoothbore
1710:Maxim gun
1657:6-pounder
1399:, medium,
1397:Howitzers
1296:Artillery
1099:Torpedoes
1058:QF 6-inch
1048:QF 4-inch
975:BL 8-inch
960:BL 5-inch
955:BL 4-inch
854:converted
831:Lancaster
775:Howitzers
535:Edinburgh
524:hung fire
519:Thunderer
451:trunnions
439:cast iron
424:arms race
401:artillery
251:(detail).
245:Hexagonal
189:Artillery
138:said "du
88:" rifle.
57:tank guns
1667:Congreve
1661:Congreve
1655:Congreve
1161:Sidearms
877:Woolwich
542:See also
428:ironclad
411:gave it
312:La Hitte
1623:Mortars
1219:Muskets
752:Mortars
686:cannons
149:Rifling
136:carbine
77:rifling
1736:Rifles
1223:rifles
737:8-inch
488:Duilio
455:B tube
447:A tube
434:RMLs.
394:(1878)
392:Gannet
283:: The
230:: The
163:rifles
65:barrel
61:muzzle
37:rifled
1672:Boxer
1436:Siege
590:p.30
409:shell
320:Italy
298:Japan
289:shell
165:were
133:silex
98:Rifle
86:Jäger
31:is a
1401:and
1221:and
533:HMS
517:HMS
503:HMS
491:and
390:HMS
310:The
501:of
481:'s
388:of
318:in
71:or
49:RML
1727::
562:^
508:.
380:A
243::
147::
128::
27:A
1141:e
1134:t
1127:v
879:)
875:(
856:)
852:(
833:)
664:e
657:t
650:v
619:.
473:.
304:.
20:)
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