47:
334:
Treatment for myositis depends on the underlying cause. For myositis, which is caused by a viral infection, no treatment is typically needed. For myositis caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics can be used. For myositis caused by a medication, it is important to stop using that medication.
973:
958:
291:
Another possible test is electromyography. This test involves the insertion of small needles into the patient's muscles. This allows a physician to look at the muscles' responses to various electrical
1073:
322:(antibodies that target muscle cells) can also be found in the blood, which can indicate that myositis is caused by an autoimmune disease. Some specific examples of autoantibodies are
1066:
239:
is an abnormal immune response to specific body protein or other biomolecular target, such as one of the muscles. The three main types of idiopathic myositis (known as
1680:
1059:
350:
agent. This also works to weaken the immune system but does not cause the side effects that steroids do. Another treatment option is a class of drugs called
180:, which are used to lower cholesterol levels. One of the most common side effects of statin therapy is muscle pain which, more rarely, can lead to myositis.
346:
and can cause a wide array of side effects, such as mood changes, increased hunger, trouble sleeping, etc. Another treatment option is a steroid-sparing
342:
are often the first choice for treatment. This drug works to weaken the immune system so that it is not able to attack the muscles. It is a type of
76:
1289:
219:
1668:
646:"Differential diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in adults - the first step when approaching a patient with muscle weakness"
424:
988:
1324:
288:. The first course of action a doctor will likely take is perform a physical exam. The doctor assesses for muscle weakness or rashes.
1269:
173:, is also associated with myositis. This is a condition where an injury to the patient's muscles causes them to quickly break down.
176:
Medicines - A variety of different medicines can cause myositis. One of the most common types of drugs that can cause myositis are
314:
There are also a variety of blood tests available that help in the diagnosis of myositis. The doctor may look for an elevation of
1106:
1206:
371:
204:
1182:
1478:
Exaggerated cardiorespiratory response to exercise (tachycardia with tachypnea and/or hyperpnea (exercise hyperventilation))
1111:
1369:
1098:
260:
1744:
393:
272:
There are various tools that can be used to help diagnose myositis. The most common methods are physical examination,
1274:
297:
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1699:
1533:
1083:
1148:
999:
256:
1633:
574:
1462:
1157:
839:
Sasaki H, Kohsaka H (November 2018). "Current diagnosis and treatment of polymyositis and dermatomyositis".
315:
71:
169:
Injury - A mild form of myositis can occur with hard exercise. A more severe form of muscle injury, called
1739:
1477:
1317:
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1254:
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1364:
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94:
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23:. For the phase of cell division where replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei, see
1663:
1599:
1233:
1139:
977:
338:
There are a variety of treatment options available if myositis is caused by an autoimmune disease.
192:
188:
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1513:
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816:
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808:
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59:
46:
1302:
748:
The
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques
1482:
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714:
706:
665:
657:
610:
508:
462:
454:
273:
223:
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Inherited muscle disease - Many inherited myopathies may have secondary myositis, including
207:
has been described in children after prodromal viral infections with different viral agents.
196:
184:
126:
1692:
1508:
1422:
1284:
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355:
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134:
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670:
645:
467:
442:
339:
305:
244:
170:
982:
791:
Pipitone N (November 2016). "Value of MRI in diagnostics and evaluation of myositis".
497:"Myositis-specific autoantibodies: an important tool to support diagnosis of myositis"
1733:
1611:
1528:
281:
211:
934:
820:
777:
530:
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1359:
1153:
868:
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252:
110:
86:
64:
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358:(IVIg) have been shown to be effective in the treatment of myositis caused by an
1004:
804:
1703:
1518:
1487:
1394:
1169:
1034:
404:
1015:
710:
311:
Muscle biopsies, however, are the most reliable tests for diagnosing myositis.
1647:
1628:
1552:
1547:
1436:
285:
150:
118:
90:
744:"Genetic Myopathies Initially Diagnosed and Treated as Inflammatory Myopathy"
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661:
351:
154:
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24:
614:
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1538:
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177:
146:
28:
443:"Diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of myositis: recent advances"
27:. For the genus of bats otherwise known as "mouse-eared bats", see
1579:
1401:
601:
Sathasivam S, Lecky B (November 2008). "Statin induced myopathy".
318:
in the blood, which is indicative of muscle inflammation. Certain
1473:
Inappropriate rapid heart rate response to exercise (tachycardia)
1346:
993:
228:
1306:
1055:
125:, and the potential involvement of other organs. Additionally,
183:
Infection - The most common infectious cause of myositis is
54:
A muscle biopsy from someone who is diagnosed with myositis.
1725:
296:
and evaluate which muscles potentially have myositis.
940:
161:. In some instances, the origins of myositis remain
1656:
1562:
1445:
1415:
1380:
1345:
1242:
1219:
1168:
1125:
1097:
1090:
1025:
944:
693:Saud A, Naveen R, Aggarwal R, Gupta L (July 2021).
117:. The manifestations of this condition may include
82:
70:
58:
39:
573:Hoffman M (19 April 2021). DerSarkissian C (ed.).
145:Myositis can arise from various causes, including
596:
594:
490:
488:
486:
203:, are also shown to be a rare cause of myositis.
742:Tarnopolsky MA, Hatcher E, Shupak R (May 2016).
425:"Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndrome (AMPS)"
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
436:
434:
300:can be useful in diagnosis, allowing painless,
187:, such as the common cold. It can also include
834:
832:
830:
644:Szczęsny P, Świerkocka K, Olesińska M (2018).
558:
556:
554:
552:
550:
548:
546:
544:
542:
540:
1318:
1067:
8:
884:"Indications for IVIG in rheumatic diseases"
695:"COVID-19 and Myositis: What We Know So Far"
137:can manifest in individuals with myositis.
1325:
1311:
1303:
1094:
1074:
1060:
1052:
941:
45:
36:
19:For the "forget-me-nots" plant genus, see
907:
759:
718:
669:
512:
466:
405:Sarcoidosis § Bones, joints, and muscles
263:, can also cause myositis-like symptoms.
416:
77:Amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome
1290:Congenital contractural arachnodactyly
220:facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
1669:Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
441:Carstens PO, Schmidt J (March 2014).
7:
495:Betteridge Z, McHugh N (July 2016).
447:Clinical and Experimental Immunology
1468:Dynamic symptoms (exercise-induced)
882:Mulhearn B, Bruce IN (March 2015).
259:Other autoimmune diseases, such as
243:) that typically test positive for
14:
157:, inherited muscle disorders, or
1207:Mixed connective tissue disease
793:Current Opinion in Rheumatology
575:"Myositis: Symptoms and Causes"
372:Benign acute childhood myositis
205:Benign acute childhood myositis
165:, without a discernible cause.
16:Inflammation of skeletal muscle
1183:Progressive systemic sclerosis
326:, Anti-HMGCR, Anti-TIF1, etc.
1:
1270:Eosinophilia–myalgia syndrome
853:10.1080/14397595.2018.1467257
1099:Systemic lupus erythematosus
805:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000326
699:Current Rheumatology Reports
501:Journal of Internal Medicine
261:systemic lupus erythematosus
1084:connective tissue disorders
900:10.1093/rheumatology/keu429
394:Masticatory muscle myositis
1761:
711:10.1007/s11926-021-01023-9
298:Magnetic resonance imaging
278:magnetic resonance imaging
18:
1700:Pseudoathletic appearance
1534:Intermittent claudication
1198:
1112:Libman–Sacks endocarditis
53:
44:
1726:https://www.myositis.org
1149:Juvenile dermatomyositis
257:inclusion body myositis.
105:is a rarely-encountered
1634:Rippling muscle disease
1158:Inclusion body myositis
662:10.5114/reum.2018.79502
377:Inflammatory myopathies
241:inflammatory myopathies
1612:Muscle channelopathies
1463:Myogenic hyperuricemia
1275:Ehlers–Danlos syndrome
1265:Eosinophilic fasciitis
1260:Polymyalgia rheumatica
1724:Myositis Association
1509:Hyperthyroid myopathy
1127:Inflammatory myopathy
304:visualisation of any
232:-associated myopathy.
159:autoimmune conditions
95:adverse drug reaction
1676:Compartment syndrome
1504:Hypothyroid myopathy
1494:Metabolic myopathies
1458:Exercise intolerance
1406:Hypothyroid myopathy
1250:IgG4-related disease
1178:Systemic scleroderma
761:10.1017/cjn.2015.386
427:. Children's Health.
354:. Also, intravenous
1688:Diastasis of muscle
1664:Myositis ossificans
1140:Dermatopolymyositis
841:Modern Rheumatology
396:(a disease in dogs)
199:. Viruses, such as
1745:Muscular disorders
1708:Muscle hypertrophy
1704:Muscle hyperplasia
1639:Periodic paralysis
1590:Muscle contracture
1514:Hypoparathyroidism
1026:External resources
514:10.1111/joim.12451
360:autoimmune disease
237:Autoimmune disease
129:like weight loss,
1721:
1720:
1712:Pseudohypertrophy
1563:Abnormal movement
1446:Low ATP reservoir
1300:
1299:
1215:
1214:
1049:
1048:
615:10.1136/bmj.a2286
459:10.1111/cei.12194
348:immunosuppressive
197:fungal infections
127:systemic symptoms
109:characterized by
107:medical condition
100:
99:
34:Medical condition
1752:
1483:Hitting the wall
1327:
1320:
1313:
1304:
1255:Behçet's disease
1234:Sjögren syndrome
1222:hypersensitivity
1203:Overlap syndrome
1107:Drug-induced SLE
1095:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1053:
942:
922:
921:
911:
879:
873:
872:
836:
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824:
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782:
781:
763:
739:
733:
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690:
684:
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673:
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586:
585:
570:
535:
534:
516:
492:
481:
480:
470:
438:
429:
428:
421:
384:(muscle disease)
274:electromyography
224:dystrophinopathy
185:viral infections
49:
37:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1730:
1729:
1722:
1717:
1693:Diastasis recti
1652:
1619:Pseudo-myotonia
1558:
1441:
1423:Muscle weakness
1411:
1376:
1341:
1331:
1301:
1296:
1285:Marfan syndrome
1238:
1211:
1194:
1164:
1145:Dermatomyositis
1121:
1117:Lupus nephritis
1086:
1080:
1050:
1045:
1044:
1021:
1020:
953:
931:
926:
925:
881:
880:
876:
838:
837:
828:
790:
789:
785:
741:
740:
736:
692:
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687:
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583:
581:
572:
571:
538:
494:
493:
484:
440:
439:
432:
423:
422:
418:
413:
368:
356:immunoglobulins
340:Glucocorticoids
332:
316:creatine kinase
270:
249:dermatomyositis
216:dysferlinopathy
143:
135:low-grade fever
123:muscle weakness
35:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1758:
1756:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1732:
1731:
1719:
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1715:
1697:
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1671:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1623:Brody myopathy
1616:
1615:
1614:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1587:
1585:Fasciculations
1582:
1577:
1572:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1550:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1524:Hypoxic muscle
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1453:Muscle fatigue
1449:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1433:Muscle atrophy
1430:
1428:Rhabdomyolysis
1425:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1386:
1384:
1378:
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1367:
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1322:
1315:
1307:
1298:
1297:
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1292:
1287:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1246:
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1237:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1188:CREST syndrome
1185:
1174:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1151:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1103:
1101:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1056:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1007:
996:
985:
970:
954:
949:
948:
946:
945:Classification
939:
938:
930:
929:External links
927:
924:
923:
894:(3): 383–391.
874:
847:(6): 913–921.
826:
799:(6): 625–630.
783:
754:(3): 381–384.
734:
685:
656:(5): 307–315.
636:
590:
536:
482:
453:(3): 349–358.
430:
415:
414:
412:
409:
408:
407:
402:
397:
391:
385:
379:
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367:
364:
331:
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320:autoantibodies
306:muscle wastage
269:
266:
265:
264:
245:autoantibodies
233:
208:
181:
174:
171:rhabdomyolysis
142:
139:
113:affecting the
98:
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42:
41:
33:
15:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
1757:
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1741:
1740:Inflammations
1738:
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1713:
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1561:
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1549:
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1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1529:Pseudohypoxia
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
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1471:
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1407:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1370:Delayed onset
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1333:Symptoms and
1328:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1291:
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1155:
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1128:
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448:
444:
437:
435:
431:
426:
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410:
406:
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401:
398:
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390:(muscle pain)
389:
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294:nerve stimuli
289:
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282:muscle biopsy
279:
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235:Autoimmune -
234:
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213:
212:calpainopathy
209:
206:
202:
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194:
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1580:Muscle spasm
1570:Muscle cramp
1389:
1382:Inflammation
1360:Fibromyalgia
1337:relating to
1154:Polymyositis
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1033:
1009:
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972:
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888:Rheumatology
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337:
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302:non-invasive
290:
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111:inflammation
102:
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87:Autoimmunity
65:Rheumatology
1519:Hypokalemia
1488:Second wind
1416:Destruction
1395:Pyomyositis
1170:Scleroderma
1035:MedlinePlus
507:(1): 8–23.
286:blood tests
151:medications
1734:Categories
1648:Hypertonia
1629:Spasticity
1553:Alcoholism
1548:Starvation
1437:Amyotrophy
1335:conditions
1226:autoimmune
1011:DiseasesDB
584:2022-06-12
411:References
163:idiopathic
155:infections
149:, certain
91:idiopathic
1644:Hypotonia
1280:fibrillin
1082:Systemic
705:(8): 63.
609:: a2286.
352:biologics
330:Treatment
324:Anti-Jo-1
268:Diagnosis
193:parasitic
189:bacterial
60:Specialty
1681:Anterior
1607:Myotonia
1600:Adhesion
1595:Fibrosis
1575:Myokymia
1499:Diabetes
1402:Myoedema
1390:Myositis
1135:Myositis
935:Myositis
918:25406359
861:29669460
821:25027014
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770:26911292
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623:18988647
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382:Myopathy
366:See also
201:COVID-19
121:issues,
103:Myositis
40:Myositis
21:Myosotis
1544:Fasting
1355:Myalgia
1091:General
1005:D009220
909:4334686
869:4934267
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631:3239804
468:3927896
388:Myalgia
344:steroid
280:(MRI),
276:(EMG),
178:statins
131:fatigue
115:muscles
25:Mitosis
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1339:muscle
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937:: NIH
865:S2CID
817:S2CID
774:S2CID
627:S2CID
579:WebMD
527:S2CID
1347:Pain
1000:MeSH
989:OMIM
978:9-CM
914:PMID
857:PMID
809:PMID
766:PMID
725:PMID
676:PMID
619:PMID
519:PMID
473:PMID
247:are
229:LMNA
119:skin
974:ICD
968:M60
959:ICD
904:PMC
896:doi
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715:PMC
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