631:’s share in the international market for these flowers is still negligible. However, Karnataka is in the limelight for floriculture right from the 18th century and is now the leader in floriculture, accounting for 75% of India's total flower production. The state has the highest area under modern cut flowers, and 40 flower growing and exporting units. The country's first and only flower auction centre is located in Karnataka. As per statistics for the year 2003–04, out of a total area of 18,182 ha (44,930 acres) under commercial flower crops, jasmine (the three varieties) accounts for 3,451 ha (about 19%) and the average yield of flowers is reported to be 6 tons/ha with a total production of 20,244 tons.
642:' flower district (attracts flower growers with their flowers, from all parts of the globe). Karnataka government is reported to be deputing a team of growers of Udupi Mallige, Hadagali Mallige and Mysore Mallige flower to the Netherlands to attend the international floricultural meet. The department's strategy is to create a platform at the fair where women (three from each region) would string the flowers, thereby attracting the attention of the foreign visitors'. The act of deftly stringing jasmines flowers is an art which has been mastered by women growers.
710:“Flowers are placed on racks in a hermetically sealed container. A liquid solvent, usually hexane, is circulated over the flowers to dissolve the essential oils. This produces a solid waxy paste called a “concrete”. The concrete is then repeatedly treated with pure alcohol (ethanol) which dissolves the wax and yields the highly aromatic liquid known as an absolute. This method is also used for extracting resins and balsams and for rendering the animal essences, such as civet, musk, ambergris and castoreum”. (source: Mandy Aftel, Essence and Alchemy".
150:
672:
important distinction that GI protection is a community right i.e. it is given to all manufacturers/producers of a product in a certain designated area if their products meet the certifications standards laid down by a collective society. To get a GI protection reputation has to be proved before registration. GI is defined both in the TRIPS & in the Indian ‘The
Geographical Indication of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999'.
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constituent of perfumery importance present in buds. It is highly volatile. Fully opened, freshly collected flowers during early morning hours are used for extraction. On an average, the essential oil recovery ranges from 0.24 to 0.42% and the concrete yield is about 22 kg (49 lb) per hectare. Further on processing the concrete yields absolute to the extent of about 50% of the concrete production.
627:
include bedding plants, flowering plants, foliage plants or houseplants, cut cultivated greens, and cut flowers. As distinguished from nursery crops, floriculture crops are generally herbaceous. Bedding and garden plants consist of young flowering plants (annuals and perennials) and vegetable plants. Flowers are mainly for export and this business is growing in the world at around 6-10 per cent per annum.
61:
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Jasmine of the family
Oleaceae constitutes a group of plants, which are commercially grown for their fragrant flowers and essential oil production. Jasmine oil is said to blend with every floral scent and hence extensively used as an important perfumery item throughout the world. Indole is one of the
496:
The sandy red soil prevailing in this region is ideal for cultivation of
Hadgali Mallige. The dry weather and good water supply also adds to the congenial environment for the cultivation of this crop. It is propagated mainly through cuttings. Planted directly in the months of July–August on the onset
416:
The plant is a scandent, 2 to 3 m (6.6 to 9.8 ft) in height, branchless terete, or slightly compressed sometimes hollow, sparsely pubescent, leaves alternate, trifoliately compound; 1–2 cm (0.39–0.79 in) long, petiole is about 1 cm (0.39 in) long and it has small channel
425:
The sandy loam soil with comparatively high pH prevailing in the region (Mysore and surrounding areas) makes a congenial ground for growing this crop. The dry and warm weather with low humidity is good for the crop. Flowering starts during March–April and continues up to June–July, April –May being
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or a GI is the protection given to a reputable product, either man-made or natural, if the applicant can conclusively prove that the unique character, reputation of the product is attributable to a specific quality attributable to only the geographical region where the product is produced and which
590:
The flowers are used for garlands, especially at weddings and other auspicious occasions and for making garlands for worship of temples deities. Jasmine is widely cultivated for their flowers, enjoyed in the garden, as house plants, and as cut flowers. The flowers are worn by women in their hair in
562:
Plant is a small and bushy with leaves of light green with yellowish shade, 5-7x2.5-3.5 cm, nerves slightly raised beneath, acute at both ends, entire, ovate-lanceolate. Flowers in cymose inflorescence and borne in the axils and also terminal. Calyx 6, petals 6–8, bracteate. Fruits are small,
675:
The state of
Karnataka, claimed the GI protection based on the special qualities of the Mallige flowers (jasmines) particular to the region – the "Mysore Mallige", the "Udupi Mallige" and "Hadagali Mallige"- as they fully met the criteria laid down under the Act. The criteria considered were the
705:
provides exclusive rights to the local community to cultivate the crop for 10 years. With this GI tag or patent nobody outside this specific geographical region will be allowed to sell under the same name. Besides the community ownership of the crop, the
Horticulture Department offers technical
671:
would swear both these types of liquors are highly unique in their taste; the uniqueness being attributable to the soil, climate, cultivating practices of their respective geographical regions. The logic of protecting them as a GI is quite similar (but not same) to that of a trademark with the
626:
or flower farming, which is a discipline of horticulture concerned with the cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and for floristry, comprising the floral industry. The development plant breeding of new varieties is a major occupation of floriculturists. Floriculture crops
547:
Mallige
Android Application is available on google play store developed by Tackyant team which shows daily prices decided by Jasmine Flower Cultivators association in Shankarapura, Udupi and this application also shows information on its cultivation, its fortification, various uses, diseases,
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Mallige is known for its rich fragrance and shelf life. Locally known as "Vasane
Mallige", (fragrant Jasmine), it is grown mainly in Hoovina Hadagali(Hadagali Flowers) (Especially in the regions of Thippapura, Thimlapur, Honnur Village, Now Formers Going Towards Other economy jowar, paddy,
700:
An expert committee headed by the
Controller-General of Patents, Design and Trade Marks attached to the Union Ministry of Commerce and Industry,India, who also act as the Registrar of GI approved the GI patent to the three flowers, varieties of jasmine, in September 2007. An entry to the
421:
glabrous or sparsely pubescent; lobes 8-9 linear, 5–7 mm. Corolla tube is slightly pinkish, 1.5 cm (0.59 in) long petals pure white, lobes oblong to sub orbicular, 5–9 mm broad,. Berry is purple black, globose, about 1 cm (0.39 in) in diameter.
417:
running in the middle, leaf blade ovate to ellipse, 4-8x2-3.5 cm thick, dark green in colour and nerves slightly raised beneath. Cymes, terminal, 1 to 5 flowered bracts subulate, 4–8 mm. Flowers are very fragrant. Pedicel 0.3–2 cm (0.12–0.79 in).
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The laterite soil condition of the region, high humidity and heavy rainfall (more than 2,500–3,000 mm or 98–118 in per annum) makes area suitable for growing this crop. Propagation is mainly by cuttings. Planting is done in the month August–September.
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Plant is small shrub with little scandent nature. Leaves are simple, thick, margin folded upside, slightly pubescent. Flowers are borne in axillary chymes. Flower with long corolla tube around 1 cm (0.39 in) long. Petals 7, spreading, white in colour.
222:
Jasmine is considered the queen of flowers and is called the "Belle of India" or the "Queen of fragrance" as it is exquisitely scented to soothe and refresh. In different parts of India it is called by different
689:
The dry sandy soil prevailing in the region around
Hadagali taluk is responsible for the particular aroma of this flower, while the dry climate (low/sparse rainfall) adds to the favourable environment for the
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southern and southeast Asia.They are exported and thus highly remunerative to the farmers. Its medician uses are as anti depressant, anti septic, anti
Spasmodic, Aphrodisiac, Sedativeand Uterine.Jasmine.
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Mysore Mallige, mostly grown in and around Mysore city is a viable crop for small farmers. Farmers reap two crops of this seasonal flower. Apart from the local market, the flower is in demand in parts of
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assistance, brand development and market assistance to the growers of the crop registered under GI. With the GI tag the bond between Mysore city and the Mallige (jasmine) flower has now grown stronger.
654:, quoted below. The solvent extracts are supplied from the Jasmine extraction units located in South India where several thousand acres of Jasmine farms exist in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
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The cultivation of Bhatkal Mallige is of relatively recent origin. Cultivation of this variety of jasmine started in Bhatkal and then Shankarapura in Udupi district about 100 years ago.
235:, Malli puvvu, Jaati, Mulla, Mallige, Juhi, Mogra or Moonlight in the grove. It is reported that there are 300 varieties of jasmine. It is also stated that jasmine crossed the seas—from
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The principal aromatic components are Indol, Jasmone, Benzyl Acetate, Benzyl Benzoate, Methyl Anthranilate, Linalool & Geraniol. Its modern-day applications are in perfumery,
396:
festival held every year in the city during October. Mallige grows in profusion in the open areas either in exclusive farmland, in front or at the backyard of houses.
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Information brochure on the three varieties of mallige (jasmine) distributed by Karnataka State Horticulture department for the benefit of farmers
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The flower is in high demand in places such as Mumbai, besides the coastal region. It has an export potential as it is in demand in West Asia.
350:). Famed worldwide for their fragrance, all the three flower varieties have been patented and registered under Intellectual Property Right.
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prevention, remedies, plantation, fertilizer application, pest management, nutrition management, and harvesting and some interesting facts.
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Flowers are highly scented and possess good essential oil recovery (0.24 to 0.42%). The flowers are used for extraction of essential oil.
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in Karnataka state. The Jasmine's association with the city of Mysore, the royal city of palaces, patronized by the
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683:– The unique factor is that the volatile oil (essential oil) content is comparatively lower in this variety.
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South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève
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729:' has been extolled over the past century by poets, novelists and theatre artist of Karnataka. The Late
611:. A single ounce, still known as the 'costliest perfume in the world", contains 10,600 jasmine flowers.
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in the latter part of the 17th century. (By the 18th century, jasmine scented gloves became popular in
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741:(1942) is considered one of the best literary works in the Kannada language and has seen 27 reprints.
650:
Absolute is the solvent extracted product of Jasmine. It is rendered through the process explained by
552:
481:
607:, created by the legendary Coco Chanel and the famous "Joy" perfume, created by the French designer
614:
In scent industry the two main varieties used are the Jasminum grandiflorum and Jasminum sambac. .
27:"Mysore mallige" redirects here. For the book by K. S. Narasimhaswamy named after the flower, see
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Espically during the period of the King Sri Krishnadevaraya the jasmine flowers were sent to
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This is the most well-known variety, which derives its name since it is grown mostly around
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and also a musical play by Kalagangothri "Mysooru Mallige". He has adopted popular singers
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It is one of the key scents in some of the most celebrated perfumes in the world viz., the
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may not be replicated to the same standard in any other region. As the French and the
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http://perfumeshrine.blogspot.com/2007/05/jasmine-series-part-1-genus-varieties.html
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http://perfumeshrine.blogspot.com/2007/05/jasmine-series-part-1-genus-varieties.html
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who have popularised poems of Narasimhaswamy both in the movies and the theatre.
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The essential oil content in the flowers ranges from 0.24 to 0.42 per cent.
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543:"Mallige" An Android Application for Udupi Mallige Cultivators and Buyers
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737:(poet), immortalized the name "Mysore Mallige". His poetry collection
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https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.tackyant.mallige
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449:. It is also used externally to soothe dry and sensitive skin.
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http://www.hindu.com/2006/11/09/stories/2006110918020200.htm
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for the worship of lord Virupaksheshwara (the main deity of
497:
of monsoon. The flowering season spreads up to six months.
1015:
Jasmine Series: part 2 ~the role of jasmine in perfumery,
991:"Mangalorean.Com- Serving Mangaloreans Around The World!"
1044:
http://spicyipindia.blogspot.com/2007_10_01_archive.html
933:
Jasmine Series: part 1~ genus, varieties and production
744:
This collection of poems has inspired the movie made by
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125:
1218:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
392:, because its fragrance is as powerful as the famous
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818:"Mysore, Udupi, Hadagali Mallige flowers patented"
800:"Mysore, Udupi, Hadagali Mallige flowers patented"
1058:Essence and Alchemy: A Natural History of Perfume
1030:`Mysore mallige' may soon be adorned with GI tag
1026:
1024:
634:The floriculture fair is organized every year at
307:is the most popular among the three varieties of
847:
845:
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853:http://horticulture.kar.nic.in/Home%20page.htm
367:
8:
897:Jasmine to dazzle Europe with her fragrance
579:A street vendor sells jasmine garlands in
148:
132:
59:
43:
484:) from the jasmine farmers of Hadagali.
1108:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
782:
476:(A UNESCO World Heritage site) through
725:The Jasmine flower with the name tag '
1274:Geographical indications in Karnataka
1216:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
7:
465:sugarcane) and surrounding areas in
318:; the other two varieties being the
911:. 27 February 2009. Archived from
551:Link to download the application:
25:
1186:and Tela Botanica. Archived from
703:Geographical Indications Registry
35:. For the pornographic film, see
1089:
1076:
618:Export promotion and development
1133:Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh
1123:"Flora Europaea Search Results"
433:Principal Aromatic constituents
993:. 14 July 2011. Archived from
1:
1094:The dictionary definition of
1042:The Biological Diversity Act
563:0.4-0.5 mm in diameter.
946:Research Report: IX/ADRT/105
658:Geographical Indication (GI)
31:. For the Kannada film, see
527:It is found extensively in
1290:
1235:The World in So Many Words
1231:Metcalf, Allan A. (1999).
752:, Mysore Ananthaswamy and
718:
243:, landing first along the
26:
368:
147:
140:
58:
51:
1210:Jasminum
951:21 February 2007 at the
1180:African Plants Database
664:Geographical Indication
271:and finally landing in
142:Geographical indication
53:Geographical indication
712:
587:
521:
166:Alternative names
77:Alternative names
37:Mysore Mallige Scandal
1060:, Gibbs Smith, 2001,
771:Mysore Mallige (film)
708:
578:
558:Botanical description
515:
488:Botanical description
467:Vijayanagara district
412:Botanical description
215:http://ipindia.nic.in
157:Jasminum grandiflorum
126:http://ipindia.nic.in
89:Jasminum grandiflorum
68:Jasminum trifoloiatum
33:Mysore Mallige (film)
1239:. Houghton Mifflin.
482:Vijayanagara Kingdom
445:, Aroma Therapy and
297:Jasminum trifoliatum
971:on 11 November 2016
965:"India Flower news"
915:on 27 February 2009
878:on 27 February 2009
858:27 May 2010 at the
622:Jasmine is part of
282:Several species of
1269:Flora of Karnataka
1190:on 6 December 2012
1176:L. record n° 1950"
731:K S Narasimhaswamy
588:
522:
453:Hadagali Mallige (
1156:Flora of Pakistan
516:Bhatkal Mallige (
478:Tungabhadra River
455:Jasminum azoricum
390:Kingdom of Mysore
324:Jasminum azoricum
290:. Mysore Mallige
245:Mediterranean Sea
220:
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16:(Redirected from
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1081:Data related to
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824:. Archived from
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804:www.oneindia.com
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746:T.S. Nagabharana
733:, well known as
646:Jasmine absolute
533:Dakshina Kannada
426:the peak season
371:
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354:Mysore Mallige (
320:Hadagali Mallige
303:) of the family
211:Official website
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122:Official website
65:Mysore Mallige (
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739:Mysooru Mallige
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669:Scottish people
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518:Jasminum sambac
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506:Jasminum sambac
504:Udupi Mallige (
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382:Mandya district
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356:Jasminum sambac
339:Jasminum sambac
178:Jasminum sambac
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154:Udupi Mallige (
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29:Mysooru Mallige
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719:Main article:
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369:ಮೈಸೂರು ಮಲ್ಲಿಗೆ
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169:Udupi Mallige
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136:Udupi jasmine
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735:Mallige Kavi
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687:Attribution:
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624:floriculture
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1054:Mandy Aftel
975:10 November
694:Reputation:
676:following.
652:Mandy Aftel
640:Netherlands
638:, which is
374:Mysore city
255:, reaching
1258:Categories
1204:USDA, NRCS
1001:4 November
919:4 November
777:References
754:C. Ashwath
609:Jean Patou
406:Tamil Nadu
203:Registered
114:Registered
909:"Jasmine"
882:14 August
872:"Jasmine"
439:cosmetics
380:taluk in
316:Karnataka
288:Karnataka
1264:Jasminum
1206:(n.d.).
1174:Jasminum
1150:Jasminum
1097:Jasminum
1083:Jasminum
949:Archived
856:Archived
851:Jasmine
760:See also
636:Aalsmeer
462:Hadagali
447:Ayurveda
305:Oleaceae
259:through
190:district
101:district
832:21 July
766:Jasmine
581:Chennai
443:Incense
388:of the
386:Wodeyar
364:Kannada
334:Mallige
312:endemic
309:Jasmine
284:jasmine
277:Britain
273:England
263:, then
233:Chameli
195:Country
106:Country
1243:
1222:3 June
1194:3 June
1162:3 June
1138:3 June
1113:3 June
1064:
402:Kerala
394:Dasara
329:) and
265:France
253:Turkey
249:Greece
241:Europe
223:names—
99:Mysore
1152:Linn"
690:crop.
629:India
585:India
529:Udupi
474:Hampi
419:Calyx
348:Aiton
332:Udupi
269:Italy
261:Spain
229:Motia
225:Mogra
198:India
188:udupi
109:India
1241:ISBN
1224:2008
1196:2008
1164:2008
1158:: 12
1140:2008
1115:2008
1062:ISBN
1003:2021
977:2016
921:2021
884:2008
834:2008
571:Uses
535:and
404:and
327:Vahl
267:and
251:and
237:Asia
206:2005
184:Area
174:Type
117:2005
95:Area
85:Type
314:to
279:).
239:to
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