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picture quality equivalent to a JPEG setting of “50” with mono ADPCM sound sampled at ~8 kHz. This results in a very basic, but serviceable video output at a similar storage cost to MPEG (~120 kB/s video rate, ~8 kB/s audio – or approx 1 Mbit/s at 320×240 resolution), but with minimal processing overheads. This video is typically stored in
Microsoft's
186:
392:. M-JPEG-compressed video is also insensitive to motion complexity, i.e. variation over time. It is neither hindered by highly random motion (such as the water-surface turbulence in a large waterfall), nor helped by the absence of motion (such as static landscape shot by tripod), which are two opposite extremes commonly used to test interframe video formats.
376:, achieve real-world compression ratios of 1:50 or better, M-JPEG's lack of interframe prediction limits its efficiency to 1:20 or lower, depending on the tolerance to spatial artifacting in the compressed output. Because frames are compressed independently of one another, M-JPEG imposes lower processing and memory requirements on hardware devices.
601:
form of M-JPEG saw widespread use in the “movie” modes of digital still cameras, allowing video encoding and playback through the integrated JPEG compression hardware with only a software modification. The resultant quality is still inferior compared to a similar-sized MPEG, particularly as the sound
286:
Originally developed for multimedia PC applications, Motion JPEG enjoys broad client support: most major web browsers and players provide native support, and plug-ins are available for the rest. Software and devices using the M-JPEG standard include media players, game consoles, digital cameras, IP
746:
informs the client to expect several parts (frames) as an answer delimited by <boundary-name>. This boundary name is expressly disclosed within the MIME-type declaration itself. The TCP connection is not closed as long as the client wants to receive new frames and the server wants to provide
613:
To keep file sizes and transfer rates under control, frame sizes and rates, along with sound sampling rates, are kept relatively low with very high levels of compression for each individual frame. Resolutions of 160Ă—120 or 320Ă—240 are common sizes, typically at 10, 12 or 15 frames per second, with
447:
manufacturers. However, each particular file format usually has some standard on how M-JPEG is encoded. For example, Microsoft documents their standard format to store M-JPEG in AVI files, Apple documents how M-JPEG is stored in QuickTime files, RFC 2435 describes how M-JPEG is implemented in an
379:
As a purely intraframe compression scheme, the image quality of M-JPEG is directly a function of each video frame's static (spatial) complexity. Frames with large smooth transitions or monotone surfaces compress well and are more likely to hold their original details with few visible compression
667:
446:
and the format specified in the JPEG still-picture coding standard, there is no document that defines a single exact format that is universally recognized as a complete specification of “Motion JPEG” for use in all contexts. This raises compatibility concerns about file outputs from different
699:
Some network-enabled cameras provide their own M-JPEG interfaces as part of the normal feature set. For cameras that don't provide this feature natively, a server can be used to transcode the camera pictures into an M-JPEG stream and then provide that stream to other network clients.
807:, that use spatial prediction and adaptive transform block size techniques. There are also more sophisticated entropy coding than what was practical when the first JPEG design was developed. All of these new developments make M-JPEG an inefficient recording mechanism.
786:
can display M-JPEG streams with the help of external plugins. Cambozola is an applet that can show M-JPEG streams in Java-enabled browsers. M-JPEG is also natively supported by PlayStation and QuickTime. Most commonly, M-JPEG is used in IP based security cameras.
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399:
formats, Apple has defined two types of coding: MJPEG-A and MJPEG-B. MJPEG-B no longer retains valid JPEG Interchange Files within it, hence it is not possible to take a frame into a JPEG file without slightly modifying the headers.
426:
It tolerates rapidly changing motion in the video stream, whereas compression schemes using interframe compression can often experience unacceptable quality loss when the video content changes significantly between each frame.
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Apple announced on
September 1, 2010 that their newest version of the Apple TV would support M-JPEG up to 35 Mbit/s, 1280 by 720 pixels, 30 frames per second, audio in ÎĽlaw, PCM stereo audio in .avi file format.
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HTTP streaming separates each image into individual HTTP replies on a specified marker. HTTP streaming creates packets of a sequence of JPEG images that can be received by clients such as
519:. Modern desktop CPUs are powerful enough to work with high-definition video, so no special hardware is required, and they in turn offer native random-access to any frame.
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Motion JPEG is simple to implement because it uses a mature compression standard (JPEG) with well-developed libraries, and it is an intraframe method of compression.
644:, the first D-SLR to record video. The format used is M-JPEG. The D90 uses three different motion JPEG formats: 320Ă—216 pixels, 640Ă—424 pixels and 1280Ă—720 pixels.
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In addition to portable players (which are mainly "consumers" of the video), many video-enabled digital cameras use M-JPEG for video-capture. For instance:
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411:). Since the development of the original JPEG standard in the early 1990s, technology improvements have been made not only to the JPEG format but to the
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camera would use M-JPEG in resolutions 640Ă—416, 1280Ă—720, and 1536Ă—1024. The data rate for the M-JPEG files created can be up to 74 Mbit/s.
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would ship with an onboard CL550 to implement MJPEG. This was however later shelved and wasn't included in the final product that was shipped.
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M-JPEG streams sent to early versions of
Mozilla Firefox had to be enclosed within an HTTP document to avoid flickering. See
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was an early proponent with their CL550 JPEG codec been used in several hardware implementations. It was announced that the
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artifacts. Frames exhibiting complex textures, fine curves and lines (such as writing on a newspaper) are prone to exhibit
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M-JPEG is an intraframe-only compression scheme (compared with the more computationally intensive technique of
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container files. These files are viewable natively on most operating systems, however sometimes an additional
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JPEG is inefficient, using more bits to deliver similar quality, compared to more modern formats (such as
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under the .avi extension with a resolution of 480Ă—272. Both can record clips in M-JPEG with its
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can now record and play "3D-AVI" M-JPEG-encoded files, which is the same format used in the
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Certain media players such as the
Netgear NeoTV 550 do not support the playback of M-JPEG.
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Many network-enabled cameras provide M-JPEG streams that network clients can connect to.
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cameras, webcams, streaming servers, video cameras, and non-linear video editors.
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for a MJPEG file or stream, the server streams the sequence of JPEG frames over
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digital audio players play short M-JPEG videos. Recent firmware updates to the
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Apple QuickTime Format, including specification for MJPEG-A & MJPEG-B pp96
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and recorded at a low sample rate or low-compression, low processor-demand
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Minimal hardware is required because it is not computationally intensive.
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new frames. Two basic implementations of a M-JPEG streaming server are
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game console integrated M-JPEG like decompression hardware for in-game
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Early implementations of MJPEG were generally implemented in
Hardware.
696:-based browsers have native support for viewing these M-JPEG streams.
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Motion JPEG was originally developed for multimedia PC applications.
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1013:"How CCTV codecs work (CCTV codec easily explained) by Learn CCTV"
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633:, common on cheap "MP4" players, is a modified version of M-JPEG.
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950:"Specifications & Features - Canon EOS 5D Mark IV - Canon UK"
842:"New Machines from NeXT (U-M computing News, Volume 5, Jan 1990)"
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856:"The NeXTdimension Compendium (compiled from June-August 1993)"
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2012:
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Apple provided a
Software implementation of MJPEG in their
870:"Developer's Guide: QuickTime for Macintosh Version 2.5"
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multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=<boundary-name>
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in M-JPEG, with a data rate of approximately 500 Mbit/s.
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Technology improvements can be found in the designs of
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In June 2009, Pentax announced that the then-upcoming
1044:
RFC 2435 RTP Payload Format for JPEG-compressed Video
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M-JPEG is now used by video-capture devices such as
364:). Whereas modern interframe video formats, such as
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680:A video that was recorded on a Canon 5D mark IV in
108:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
30:"MJPEG" redirects here. Not to be confused with
975:"Dev guide: Video - Microsoft Edge Development"
539:handheld game console can play M-JPEG from the
561:'s InnoTab, can play M-JPEG-encoded videos on
1063:
8:
451:, and an M-JPEG CodecID is planned for the
71:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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654:In August 2016, Canon announced that the
479:systems. It is natively supported by the
233:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:Learn how and when to remove this message
763:also provides M-JPEG streaming support.
210:of all important aspects of the article.
833:
438:Unlike the video formats specified in
415:compression schemas possible as well.
206:Please consider expanding the lead to
766:Native web browser support includes:
7:
640:In August 2008, Nikon announced the
106:adding citations to reliable sources
2861:Comparison of audio coding formats
25:
1011:Martins, Claudemir (2017-04-25).
602:(when included) was uncompressed
52:This article has multiple issues.
597:encoding in consumer devices, a
517:non-linear video editing systems
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184:
82:
41:
583:Fujifilm FinePix Real 3D series
198:may be too short to adequately
93:needs additional citations for
60:or discuss these issues on the
2423:ISO/IEC base media file format
208:provide an accessible overview
1:
515:M-JPEG is frequently used in
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2866:Comparison of video codecs
1376:(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1)
1001:(fixed in 2014).
817:JPEG 2000#Motion JPEG 2000
782:. Other browsers, such as
29:
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557:game console, as well as
382:discrete cosine transform
477:non-linear video editing
384:(DCT) artifacts such as
258:video compression format
27:Video compression format
2690:Alliance for Open Media
979:developer.microsoft.com
926:"Press Release Details"
440:international standards
1610:MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3)
739:. A special mime-type
685:
2628:QuickTime File Format
822:QuickTime File Format
679:
593:Prior to the rise in
535:sequences, while the
362:interframe prediction
2887:Compression software
2444:MPEG media transport
1521:Sorenson Video/Spark
658:camera would record
541:Memory Stick Pro Duo
537:PlayStation Portable
102:improve this article
2885:for techniques and
2883:Compression methods
1379:HDR Vivid(GY/T 358)
898:www.fileformat.info
626:must be installed.
352:in the mid-1990s.
757:. The more robust
686:
310:. You can help by
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2586:DivX Media Format
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1449:Microsoft Video 1
1384:AVS3 P2(GY/T 368)
1370:(GB/T 20090.2/16)
930:www.usa.canon.com
784:Internet Explorer
731:In response to a
684:using motion jpeg
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16:(Redirected from
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2434:Motion JPEG 2000
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2131:aptX Low Latency
1908:Chinese Standard
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1133:Motion JPEG 2000
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912:"Codec Mappings"
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875:. Archived from
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805:H.264/MPEG-4 AVC
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599:progressive scan
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409:H.264/MPEG-4 AVC
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350:QuickTime Player
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1917:(GB/T 20090.10)
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1667:MPEG-H 3D Audio
1593:MPEG-1 Layer II
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620:QuickTime Movie
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2871:List of codecs
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2008:Monkey's Audio
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882:on 2022-07-16.
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260:in which each
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1182:Part 2 / HEVC
1180:
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1175:
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1170:Part 33 / IVC
1168:
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1165:Part 10 / AVC
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801:MPEG-4 Part 2
798:
790:
788:
785:
781:
777:
773:
772:Google Chrome
769:
764:
762:
761:
760:ffmpeg-server
756:
755:
754:MJPG-Streamer
750:
745:
742:
738:
734:
729:
727:
723:
715:
713:
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704:Media players
703:
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573:e200 and the
572:
571:SanDisk Sansa
568:
567:Photo Channel
564:
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538:
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530:
523:Game consoles
522:
520:
518:
511:Video editing
510:
508:
506:
502:
498:
497:Google Chrome
494:
490:
487:console, and
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
458:
456:
455:file format.
454:
450:
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441:
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431:
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410:
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401:
398:
393:
391:
390:macroblocking
387:
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367:
363:
355:
353:
351:
346:
344:
340:
339:NeXTdimension
336:
331:
322:
313:
309:
306:This section
304:
301:
297:
296:
290:
288:
284:
282:
279:
275:
271:
270:digital video
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
237:
234:
219:
216:December 2020
209:
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201:
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161:
150:
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143:
140:
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133:
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126:
122:
119: –
118:
117:"Motion JPEG"
114:
113:Find sources:
107:
103:
97:
96:
91:This article
89:
85:
80:
79:
74:
72:
65:
64:
59:
58:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2912:Video codecs
1937:(GB/T 22726)
1598:Multichannel
1454:MSU Lossless
1368:AVS1 P2/AVS+
1322:TrueMotion S
1260:H.265 / HEVC
1206:Part 1 / EVC
1194:Part 3 / VVC
1160:Part 2 / ASP
1127:
1020:. Retrieved
1016:
1006:
993:
982:. Retrieved
978:
969:
958:. Retrieved
956:. 2016-09-19
953:
944:
933:. Retrieved
929:
920:
906:
897:
894:"BMPDIB.TXT"
888:
877:the original
864:
850:
836:
794:
765:
758:
752:
748:
743:
741:content type
730:
719:
711:
707:
698:
687:
635:
628:
612:
592:
579:Nintendo 3DS
549:
526:
514:
489:web browsers
483:Player, the
462:
459:Applications
437:
429:
425:
422:
402:
394:
378:
359:
347:
332:
329:
316:
312:adding to it
307:
285:
272:sequence is
253:
249:
245:
244:
229:
213:
197:
195:lead section
164:
155:
145:
138:
131:
124:
112:
100:Please help
95:verification
92:
68:
61:
55:
54:Please help
51:
2655:MOD and TOD
2596:Flash Video
2534:3GP and 3G2
2215:HEIC / HEIF
2167:compression
1927:Audio Vivid
1662:MPEG-D USAC
1657:MPEG-4 CELP
1652:MPEG-4 HVXC
1567:compression
1399:Apple Video
1315:and AOMedia
1265:H.266 / VVC
1255:H.264 / AVC
1097:compression
1082:compression
733:GET request
618:or Apple's
529:PlayStation
485:PlayStation
319:August 2012
268:field of a
262:video frame
246:Motion JPEG
158:August 2007
2901:Categories
2889:for codecs
2836:Daubechies
2811:Transforms
2713:Arithmetic
2380:Containers
2085:True Audio
1929:(GY/T 363)
1647:MPEG-4 DST
1642:MPEG-4 SLS
1637:MPEG-4 ALS
1511:SheerVideo
1485:QuickTime
1313:TrueMotion
1079:Multimedia
1022:2023-10-22
999:Bug 625012
984:2016-08-25
960:2016-11-06
935:2016-11-06
828:References
791:Successors
656:5D Mark IV
565:using its
469:IP cameras
449:RTP stream
413:interframe
274:compressed
266:interlaced
128:newspapers
57:improve it
2638:RealMedia
2240:JPEG 2000
2043:RealAudio
2023:OptimFROG
1501:RealVideo
1489:Animation
1459:OMS Video
1086:container
749:cambozola
722:QuickTime
481:QuickTime
405:JPEG 2000
397:QuickTime
200:summarize
63:talk page
2757:Lossless
2723:Modified
2616:Matroska
2495:Matroska
2406:MPEG-PES
2018:Musepack
1915:AVS1 P10
1494:Graphics
1444:Lagarith
811:See also
660:4K video
551:Nintendo
547:camera.
491:such as
453:Matroska
442:such as
419:Features
2831:Wavelet
2772:DEFLATE
2718:Huffman
2708:Entropy
2700:Methods
2685:MPEG LA
2574:Smacker
2462:H.222.0
2418:MPEG-TS
2413:MPEG-PS
2401:MPEG-ES
2285:TIFF/IT
2280:TIFF/EP
2265:JPEG XT
2260:JPEG XS
2255:JPEG XR
2250:JPEG XL
2245:JPEG-LS
2126:aptX HD
2106:WavPack
2048:RTAudio
1988:Codec 2
1921:AVS2 P3
1848:GSM-EFR
1818:AMR-WB+
1752:G.729.1
1732:G.723.1
1722:G.722.2
1717:G.722.1
1516:Smacker
1506:RTVideo
1434:Huffyuv
1414:Cinepak
1374:AVS2 P2
1088:formats
844:. 1990.
780:Firefox
690:Mozilla
563:SD card
473:webcams
386:ringing
291:History
256:) is a
142:scholar
2633:RatDVD
2527:Others
2294:Others
2096:VMR-WB
2091:TwinVQ
1956:Others
1843:GSM-FR
1838:GSM-HR
1828:EVRC-B
1813:AMR-WB
1785:Vorbis
1625:AAC-LD
1620:HE-AAC
1526:Theora
1469:ProRes
1464:Pixlet
1392:Others
1201:MPEG-5
1189:MPEG-I
1177:MPEG-H
1155:MPEG-4
1148:Part 2
1143:MPEG-2
1138:MPEG-1
768:Safari
694:Webkit
682:DCI 4K
595:MPEG-4
569:. The
545:Go!Cam
493:Safari
471:, and
444:MPEG-2
356:Design
335:C-Cube
250:M-JPEG
144:
137:
130:
123:
115:
2854:Lists
2799:ADPCM
2794:µ-law
2789:A-law
2762:Lossy
2735:ACELP
2680:NETVC
2505:SMPTE
2467:T.802
2454:ITU-T
2430:(MP4)
2230:JBIG2
2193:ITU-T
2165:Image
2101:VSELP
2078:SVOPC
2068:Siren
2038:RCELP
2033:QCELP
1978:ATRAC
1963:ACELP
1780:Speex
1747:G.729
1742:G.728
1737:G.726
1727:G.723
1712:G.722
1707:G.719
1702:G.718
1695:µ-law
1690:A-law
1685:G.711
1677:ITU-T
1565:Audio
1439:Indeo
1419:Daala
1275:SMPTE
1250:H.263
1245:H.262
1240:H.261
1235:H.120
1223:ITU-T
1128:MJPEG
1095:Video
880:(PDF)
873:(PDF)
624:codec
608:ADPCM
575:Zen V
559:VTech
370:MPEG2
366:MPEG1
341:from
281:image
254:MJPEG
149:JSTOR
135:books
18:MJPEG
2907:JPEG
2881:See
2826:MDCT
2804:DPCM
2750:WLPC
2740:CELP
2643:RIFF
2621:WebM
2611:M2TS
2601:HEIF
2569:Bink
2549:AIFF
2477:IETF
2366:WebP
2361:WBMP
2356:QTVR
2336:ICER
2331:FLIF
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