Madonna studies - Knowledge (XXG)

27: 618: 370:, asked why Madonna and not others acts (he cited Metallica, for instance). In his lengthy explanation, Bérubé said partly because most citizens of advanced Western democracies tend to be more engaged by and informed about Madonna or blockbuster movies. Other author suggested that "pop culture and Madonna are central to political issues", as by this point in the academic rhetoric, Madonna emerges not simply as a pop star but as "the most significant artist of the late twentieth century", according to 1105: 1425:

media society. Her work was become increasingly complex and it is precisely this complexity that has made Madonna a highly controversial object of academic analysis for decades. Madonna allows many, even contradictory, readings, which are grounded in her polysemic and modernist texts and her contradictory cultural effects. At dull gatherings, mention Madonna and you can be sure that there will be violent arguments, with some people passionately attacking and others defending her.

1714:(2013). In early 1990s, media scholar David Tetzlaff equated an attempt to collect or read it all to "mapping the vastness of the cosmos" referring both her academic and popular literature. Author David Chaney referred she "generated an enormous academic and popular literature of explanation and comment" Professor Pamela Robertson Wojcik cited that "Madonna is as ubiquitous in academic discourse as she is in the popular media". 6978: 967:. More than one author suggested that the branch itself was really not about the singer, and it was motivated by professional factors within the academy; specifically, by many academics' desire to "prove their social relevance". In this point, Ouellette also said that her scholars weren't so much interested in Madonna herself, while Spanish sociologist 1249:(2010) found that the problem with Madonna studies from the perspective of musicology is that "very little analysis is focused on the musical text but rather performances and promotional video". In this area, author Andrew Blake provides a "musicological" critique, but overall commented that cultural studies have a "problem" with music itself. 987:

a lonely posse in the high-brow, horn-rimmed world of academics". Harris also expressed that "her academic admirers spend a great deal of time studying how she embodies the fantasies of other people; they devote remarkably little time, however, to discussing how she embodies their own". On the border of academic and public intellectual writing,

925: 1500:(2011), Paglia referred to the "current academic writing on Madonna" and also on American popular culture in general as "deplorably low quality". It is marked by "inaccuracy, bathos, overinterpretation, overpoliticization and grotesquely inappropriate jargon borrowed from pseudotechnical semiotics and moribund French theory". Authors in 653:). The first scientific articles about Madonna appeared in 1985, only two years from her debut (1983) and experienced a boost in the early-1990s. According to academic Laurie Ouellette, Madonna scholars "have been leading classroom discussions and filling the pages of academic journals and textbooks since Madonna's early days as the 1504:(2000), commented that "whatever one's position on the Madonna debate, she stands as an image for a more general anxiety in the study of culture, and this respect the overall effect of postmodernism has been to unsettle criteria for evaluation in the arts in two ways: the neo-conservative backlash and cultural relativism". 1966: 1546:

For associate professor Diane Pecknold, the Madonna studies "heralded and hastened the development of American cultural studies". Dutch media scholar Jaap Kooijman, commented that before the Madonna studies, "most scholarly attention was paid to genres and artists that were not considered 'pop'", but

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During the height of the field, Jesse Nash, an anthropology professor at Loyola University, said, "it's more conventional to write Madonna off, to write popular culture off. But that's a big mistake. A whole generation is forming opinions based on her". To defenders like Schwichtenberg, "Madonna is a

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whom claimed that Madonna is "solely responsible for creating her music, which is no the case eve for the two songs McClary analyzes". Contrary to Stewart, Guilbert found that some "Madonnologists", "even seek to appropriate the Madonna text in order to serve an ideology, and reproach Madonna for her

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ironically said: "A handful of renegade scholars—students and professors—are studying Madonna. While their colleagues explore gender conflicts in Florentine history or Aristotelian metaphysics, they search for higher meaning in Madonna". Hull further notes, "as one might imagine, Madonna scholars are

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retrospectively called the field a "controversial" area in 2018; both Madonna studies and its authors received a variety of criticisms from academy and media outlets. Their proponents defended the field in almost equal measure. The Madonna studies played a major role for the direction of the American

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added religion and spectacle. In addition, critic Daniel Harris, provides an overview of the academic reaction and approaches to Madonna studies arguing that "Madonna's work has spawned an entire industry of academic commentary" discussing her impact on music, feminism, sexuality, and dozens of more

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summarized that the singer come out as the "intrigue of academics, feminists, theologians, Marxists, sociologists, who want to take her apart and slide her under the microscope". Pecknold also wrote that "the fact that not only her work but her person was open to multiple interpretations contributed

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Today, it’s uncontroversial to position the pop star as a coatrack for American mythmaking, racial and gender politics, identity, and occasionally even the history of capitalism We can follow that trend back to Madonna. Her reception coincided with and was amplified by a sea change at American and

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Indeed, Madonna is a provocative challenge to cultural studies. Unpacking the wealth of her artistic strategies, meanings, and effects requires deployment of a full array of textual criticism, audience research, and analysis of the political economy and production of pop culture in our contemporary

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From an educational sense, some reviewers debated about whether Madonna should have a place in curriculums alongside more established and canonical subjects, while argued that she was an "unworthy of academic study" that "adds nothing to the advancement of knowledge". Various commentators described

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commented that the "familiarity with Madonna means that it is possible for everyone to contribute to the discussion". In regards the criticisms to the field and its authors, Ouellette suggested that "if critics had not been so hostile from the start, and had not spent so much time making scholarly

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she brought 'pop' to the foreground. On a broader scale, "courses offered at such universities as Harvard, Princeton, UCLA and the University of Colorado have been put forth on the premise that celebrities have social significance and are therefore important topics of study". Even, British author

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asserts that "the turmoil of new theory imported from Europe and the culture wars of ideology were bringing huge changes to the American academic world and the college curriculum. Whole departments devoted to popular culture and media studies emerged as well women's studies came into its own. And

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found that some students reacted skeptical when it comes to Madonna, because "they haven't thought about in certain ways" and "they've trained not to image that there could be anything important going in popular culture, especially in popular culture produced by women". Many years after, Kathryn

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called it a "controversial" area. For cultural critics on both the left and right, Madonna studies represented "the first and last word of barbarism", political barbarism for the left, cultural for the right. Professor Robert Miklitsch described the branch as a "political-cultural" phenomenon in

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in 2000, the Madonna studies "has obscured what made its subject so appealing in the first place (Madonna)" and blamed to Camilla Plagia to university semiotics departments. Following Brown's description, in the beginning of the 21st century, the flood of theories about Madonna subsided, with a

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years later, referred to the "pretentious terminology" citing examples of words like "intertextual", "significations", "transgressive", "subversive" or "self-representation". She decries: "This would be comical, except for its ill effect on students and an increasingly corrupt career system".

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asked why many of her academic critics have chosen to look only "at her triumphs and not at her pain". Stewart goes on to suggest that her academics have made of Madonna, a "solo generator of her image". But she problematizes that "these postmodernist have thus contributed at least as much as

821:"was arguably a key event in the history of the relationship between the artist and the academy". Professor Pamela Robertson Wojcik also opined that these three books published in 1993, "cemented the institutionalization of a major subdivision of American media studies into Madonna studies". 1068:

was the pop culture of its time". At one moment, the network of Madonna scholars was described as "a tight unit". In this matters, Wells commented "by the nature of the area we are studying, we have to coalesce". However, others viewed this inter-exchanges, as "who swap bibliographies like

94:, thus she was understood variously and as a vehicle to open up issues. Into the 21st century, Madonna continued to receive academic attention. At the height of its developments, authors of these academic writings were sometimes called "Madonna scholars" or "Madonnologists", and both 1369:

was in the 18th century". Lisa Henderson, an assistant professor pondered that "a dissertation on Shakespeare might have been as laughable 300 years ago as a dissertation on Madonna might be today". Young also felt that to the generation coming up, "Madonna is more important than

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described it in 1960 as "a relatively new field in American social science". During the growth of the Madonna Phenomenon, a reflection of contemporary attitutes were occurring in the perception of popular art, not only among academics but among mainstream pop critics as well.

444:(2008), it was written that the Madonna scholarship focused "solely" on identity politics through formalist readings of cultural texts and their reception to explore the influence of the larger political economic, historical, and cultural contexts of capitalist society. 2000: 1231:

laden and prone to over-interpretation". A denunciation of the branch and its feminist and gay exponents in cultural studies, rails against "a state of intellectual anarchy that sanctions willfully perverse misreadings". Although she also worked on the field,

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of modernity, Madonna Studies, is a sign of the times, a symptomatic figure not only of cultural studies in all its celebratory, cultural-populist excess but of a critical discourse responsive to postmodern culture in all its politically complext mutability"

72:. In a general sense, it could refer to any academic studies devoted to her. After Madonna's debut in 1983, the discipline did not take long to start up and the field appeared in the mid-1980s, achieving its peak in the next decade. By this time, educator 4503: 1749:(2016), commented while she was working in her book: "I maintained hope of finding some tiny stone left unturned in the giant gravel pit of Madonna studies", but she encountered "there is no dearth of material about Madonna, but an overwhelming excess". 1253:

it as "a waste of time and money" for both professors and students. It has also been criticised for adding nothing to students' employment prospects. Another critic said that "neither this study theme sit well with some students of higher education".

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commented that it broke down Madonna's semiotics: "her image, her music, her media appearances, her staging, and her implicit and explicit messages". The critical studies of Madonna also heralded her as a "symbol, image, and brand" according to the

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reflected: "Imagine for a second that you are Madonna... Imagine, that there are theory books about you, and that you are the main theme of dissertations and academic essays. Imagine that feminists discuss whether you are a heroine or a demon".

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asked in 1990, "Do we wait another fifty years before we dare to deconstruct Madonna? To ask what she is teaching us about ourselves and our culture?". Another premier example of whole articles devoted to the branch from media, include the firm

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also commented that "pop culture has long been studied in universities" and "Madonna's impact is serious". Nash goes on to suggest that a figure like Madonna is "key to understanding the times in which they live and, by contrast, other eras".

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13-year-old girls trade earrings". In response to the charges of fan-biased analyses, Lisa Henderson, an assistant professor said that "one can be a fan and a scholar, they enhance each other". Schulze, later dedicated an inspired-article for

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British universities in the Reagan-Thatcher ’80s that made her a perfect case study. A certain triangular relationship between entertainment, the media, and the academy was forming, marked by one defining question: What’s the point of pop?

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Some others defended Madonna's own ambivalences in the perspective of academic writing, while Kaplan proposed that "she is nevertheless a contradictory and complex cultural phenomenon that cannot be simply dismissed". Like Kaplan, scholar

1147:, noting "the ridicule that Madonna studies has provoked among journalists". Also, given the fact that Madonna's work only occupied consciousness for a mere years during the rise of this branch (she debuted in 1983), Elizabeth Tippens of 270:

Madonna seemed to illustrate extremely well what was happening on the embattled cultural ramparts of late twentieth-century American. A perfect example of the whole theory of postmodernism the academic world was suddenly so immersed in".

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also noted how academics made a "brisk trade". Despite critical commentaries, some scholars appeared on talk shows, also gracing a score of national and international newspapers and magazines. Schwichtenberg, once asserted that "writing

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Harvard University's Lynne Layton, also commented: "Teaching students how to read popular culture critically is as important as teaching them to read high art". Contrary to some student's concerns, Gary Burns and Elizabeth Kizer in

455:, asserts that served as a "touchstone for theoretical discussions" on issues of morality, sexuality, gender relations, gay politics, multiculturalism, feminism, race, racism, pornography, and capitalism to name a few. Authors of 478:

Her scholars also encompassed a broad spectrum of resources, including Madonna's work as her videos, performances, her music, films, interviews and so on. This usage was also known as a "texts" in the cultural studies branch. In

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The field has been analogously used both to defend or criticize other academic trends, and subfields, mostly from the post-Madonna studies era. Danish professor Erik Steinskog, used the field to defend the courses proposed for

1196:, she gave a similar answer: "It's flattering to me that people take the time to analyze me and that I've so infiltrated their psyches that they have to intellectualize my very being. I'd rather be on their minds than off". In 4233: 1799:) wrote that "Madonna Studies remains an established field within Cultural Studies". She continued to receive academic discussions, and some courses, essays and journals were presented as an extension of the Madonna studies ( 856:, a book published in 2018 by Hispanic academics, was promoted as the first Spanish cultural book dedicated to Madonna, and as an extension of the Madonna studies in Spain. The same year, assistant professor Manav Ratti of 5110:

Debe decirse que en los estudios culturales el caso de Madonna ha sido tan excesivamente trabajado que se ha llegado al tedio, como ocurrió en las antiguas escuelas con el problema histórico sobre las causas de la Primera

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explained the related-critics and comparisons, saying that "as long as cultural studies is taken to be identical to Madonna Studies, the critiques of cultural studies follow an altogether predictable path". Writing for

1543:(2008), commented that "despite the (perhaps misguided)" mocking of the Madonna studies wave, "the period produced some important and groundbreaking work in cultural studies that focused on the music, videos films". 439:

noticed that "media attention fuels academic discourse, which in turn fuels media discourse, and ultimately all becomes a part of 'Madonna'". In this line, Hull mentioned that everything "is data". In a review from

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was also critical about the field, he said that "writing a major paper is supposed to be an intellectual achievement—a serious matter. Madonna is a media freak. How the media made her—I could see studying that".

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These studies analyzed several topics, but mostly Madonna studies involved in the study of gender, feminism, race, multiculturalism, sexuality, and the mass media. The wide-ranging resources used included her

5021: 1382:(1990) found that "students in communication classes find it useful to study Madonna because she is a fascinating and prolific cultural figure". In a class devoted to Madonna in 2008, economist and academic 1288:

said: "My hesitancy to participate in the Madonna studies phenomenon is that I generally think and write about things that really do matter to me, and Madonna doesn't matter to me that much". Robert Clay, a

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who studied Madonna as a marketing genius, commented that "when you read some of the stuff that academics have written about her, then you're inclined to conclude that certain scholars should get out more".

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Although probably the United States saw more classes about Madonna than any other country, internationally various also informed about Madonna's courses in academic syllabus. In early 1990s, American editor

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Madonna scholars also received criticisms from both academy and mainstream media and some deemed them as a "marginal group". Ouellette traced the height of criticism after the publication of the compendium

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reported a "growing number of Madonna scholars" in the United States from professors of English, anthropology or communication. One of the earliest studiers of Madonna identified as a "Madonna scholar" was

778:, only Madonna books proliferated in the 1990s (compared to her fellows Michael Jackson and Prince), and the bulk coming from a new group of cultural studies academics, mostly women. According to professor 1571:

Madonna and her cultural significance had produced "connections with others outside academe that dissolved the boundaries between public and private, academic and popular, theory and practice". In 2001,

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asked Madonna's thoughts about the academic discipline, while she responded, "I laugh. It's amusing It's flattering because obviously I'm on a lot of people's minds". Years prior, in an interview with

949:"that such scholars became a fashionable target for "concern, condescension, and scorn from progressive quarters". By this point, articles dedicated to the field were found in publications ranging from 277:(2004), the abundance of critical work on the artist has almost certainly been part of broader developments in methodological trends in academia: the study of popular culture has come a long way since 4333: 697: 4862: 459:(2011) also added to the spectrum of topics the subcultural appropriation, politics of representation, consumer culture, the male gaze, body modification, reception studies, and postmodernism. 1028:, describing some of the criticism on them as "derogatory criticisms" used by "male reviewers" as they were the same to describe Madonna that to describe them. For instance, Laurie Schulze of 355:(1989): "Madonna serves as the repository for our ideas about fame, money, sex, feminism, pop culture, even death". In numerous ways, Madonna was viewed as a multivalent figure, especially on 227:, alluding to the "fascination of artifice and exaggeration" and what Madonna produced and put into circulation on an "industrial" and "planetary scale". Associate professor Diane Pecknold in 1894: 1796: 1408:'s Jim McGuigan pointed out that in the cultural studies the case of Madonna was so "overworked" that it has reached tedium, as happened in old schools with the historical problem on the 896:, cultural studies, film, media studies, feminism, gender, gay and lesbianism, generally marked by left wing ideology, radical antiracism, extreme feminism, and lesbian or gay militancy. 483:, authors stated that "this tendency to turn Madonna into a classroom aid becomes most obvious when one examines the basic methods by which her admirers interpret her songs and videos". 1576:

informed: "All those college lecturers endlessly debating her impact on racial and gender relations in post-modern society, are still, after twenty years, desperately seeking Madonna".

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as an example. In this hybrid critical-academic popular writing about Madonna, Fouz-Hernández also commented that her academic discourse is "periodically amalgamated in volumes such as

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translated. He also noticed that the "Madonnathinking" contrasted of her "overanalyzed" and "overstuffed" videos with her "underanalyzed" pop songs. Similar to Christgau, authors of

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perspective, and for author David Chaney, these academic writings are "explicitly concerned with interpreting the fabrication and representational strategies in the star's persona".

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dismissed the field by saying: "While not advocating more Madonna studies (now considerably dated), nor defending them as either scholarly or political, I want to suggest that such

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Madonna's semiotic and significance was dissected by her pundits each of whom had their own take on her role in society from all-topics discussed. In regard this, Daniel Harris of

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of history, knowledge, and human identity. For them, Madonna quickly served "as a vehicle to open up issues", and she was placed at the center of the debate in the 20th century of

1160:, as they published a 1991 article on the subject titled "Madonna even controversial for scholars", citing commentaries from various teachers and other media personalities. While 6560: 3798: 4298:"The Madonna Thesis Is Madonna Just A Well-toned Rock Star, Or Is She Affecting Your View of the World? Graduate Student Chip Wells Thinks His Master's Thesis Holds The Answer" 1562:(2004), authors notated that "academic studies and college courses dealing with Madonna's work benefited from the aura of her celebrity through the mid-1990s". In early 1990s, 186:

The academic literature about Madonna, and its "own industry", was called as "the Madonna industry", "Madonna business" or the "Madonna boom" by a variety of scholars such as

2912: 2552: 2400: 1475:, Bérubé noticed that since the importation of cultural studies to the United States, the field "has basically turned into a branch of pop-culture criticism". In this vein, 5996: 1120:

held that Madonna has been the subject of numerous and diverse studies but "provoking a great controversy of opinions". Charles T. Banner-Haley, a professor of history at

1739:(2013), Pamela Church Gibson wrote "since the 1980s, there has surely been enough written about Madonna to create a whole new sub-discipline within cultural studies". 5010: 1940: 258:, popular culture was viewed as a site of "resistance" to power. It was in this vein that "Madonna studies" blossomed into an academic cottage industry, Wolin said. 1257:, charged Madonna's presence in the classroom with nothing short of "defrauding students of a liberal-arts education". By 1991, Paglia also said: "We do not need a 1124:

also confirmed this, saying that "the academic world the force of Madonna has caused a division among scholars that has often gone from the sublime to the silly".

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in 1999 where chronicles the controversy surrounding the Madonna studies and the tag they received as "Madonna's academic wannabes" by left-leaning popular press.

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staff discovered that "Dallas academics, have been among the nation's leaders in the newly born specialty of Madonna scholarship". In 1992, Barbara Stewart from

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The Madonna studies received criticisms among scholars and others commentators, although criticisms against the studies were similar in many ways, according to

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commented "Madonna is no longer in the academic limelight", but stated that "Madonna Studies remains an established field within Cultural Studies". Authors of

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Major American universities dedicated classes to the singer across the nation, mostly in the decades of the 1980s and 1990s. In this regard, Frenchman scholar

3385: 6836: 5964: 612: 5685: 6295: 3864: 231:(2006) also mentioned the camp sensibility and added that for most of the twentieth century, American scholars subscribed to the idea of an objective and 6199: 5314: 3907: 3256: 3015: 2671: 5520: 1128:, described: "The idea of studying the popularity of Madonna has been grist for the mills of many critics of trends in scholarship on American culture. 4872: 1060:. And I'm not finding anything in them I'm not finding in Madonna". In defense, Wells commented "it's not hard to make us look dumb" adding that "what 1040:, one of the precursors in the Madonna studies, was surprised and troubled in the backlash against Madonna scholars. Kaplan believed it relates to the 292:"Madonna has been drafted into the staggeringly implausible role of spokeswoman of the values and professional interests of university instructors..." 6164: 2463: 6001: 4974: 4297: 888:"Madonna scholars" was the name given to the academics working on Madonna, but other appellative was "Madonnologists". According to French academic 255: 1710:

Across the decades, various commentators have "measured" and noticed the literature fo Madonna related to the academic world, including authors in

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made similar observation with Harri's point. The latter author, also added that this even prompted a parody of these multiple interpretations: a "

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figure that is very important to subcultural groups To say she doesn't deserve to be studied is very condescending to a lot of people". Historian

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and Garry Wotherspoon called Madonna a "performer of inimitable ubiquity" as she "has saturated the pages of academic journals" in the 1990s. In

4371: 3758: 1479:, one of the most influential authors in the cultural studies, commented: "I really cannot read another cultural-studies analysis of Madonna or 242:

set its background with the British cultural studies when the phenomenon of celebrities began to be analyzed from the 1970s. American historian

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also taught courses that examined Madonna's cultural influence. Professor Mathew Donahue lectures about Madonna in many of his classes at the

362:"Of all the artists who rose to prominence through MTV, none has garnered more attention among academics than Madonna", wrote Murray Steib in 7002: 6700: 5809: 1345:, Matt Wray asserted at that time the field is "past its prime now", but added "a lot of good work was done on the significance of Madonna". 6900: 3622: 1967:"The Icon and the Text: American Book History and the Construction of the World's Largest-Grossing Illustrated Book, Madonna's Sex (1992)" 3111: 1303:"This type of research is routine.... From an academic point of view, it doesn't seem peculiar to me. Think of it like this: If you're a 6231: 5406:"Madonna, Mother of Self-Mythology How Madge's ever-evolving persona changed the way fans, scholars, and haters think about pop culture" 4633: 3788: 2264: 2160: 414:(2014) commented that "Madonna studies itself took a variety of forms (and not all of these necessarily counted as cultural studies)". 6288: 5898: 5749: 5636: 5449: 5226: 5083: 4767: 4703: 4562: 3965: 3691: 3512: 3301: 3196: 3082: 2918: 2765: 2619: 2520: 2137: 2038: 5276: 2751: 6369: 6327: 5954: 5929: 5281: 5050: 4150: 3146: 1471: 590: 111: 6529: 5185: 2563: 2293: 1611:

commented in 1992, that "no female pop-music figure has ever infiltrated the halls of academia as Madonna has". Andreas Häger from

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of cultural studies held by best universities, like when Harvard "pioneered" a study on the singer back in the early 1990s.

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work on Madonna seem ridiculous out of context, they might have been more fair in noting that the essays collected in the

661:, refers to this as the "boom in the academic Madonna business": "The books! the articles! the conferences! the courses". 470:". Among those topics, he added, globalization, immigrant rights, minority rights or sexual liberation. Another observer, 4942: 2358: 6362: 6320: 6171: 6086: 3837: 1265: 3899: 3281: 2197: 1117: 6905: 6780: 6723: 6607: 6270: 5959: 5190: 5006: 4142: 3994: 3727: 3723: 1971: 1805: 1589: 1449: 1383: 1129: 1109: 1007: 862: 747: 127: 73: 2095: 1399:

According to others, the field generated unexpected effects. For instance and according to investigative journalist

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Others were concerned about a bias. In this vein, numerous academics and feminists were accused of "enacting the

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held that "the relevant bibliography is vast" in the Madonna studies, citing examples from Cathy Schwichtenberg (

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held these academic writings, has produced at least one major academic text devoted to Madonna. On the report of

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also described the kindness of the academic writing discussed on Madonna, describing it as "a long and stretched

1626:(1992) held that "there is a Madonna for virtually every theoretical stripe". He extended this idea citing the " 1044:

at that time. Chip Wells, another Madonna scholar that received attention from media, responded to critics from

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Weisbard also noted how generalized bibliography on Madonna mixed music criticism with "academic chops" citing

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Scholars, mainly Madonna studiers defended the field. One of the justification was the importance of studying

805:(Fran Lloyd) that articulates Madonna in British rather than an American cultural perspective. Academics from 5531: 3567: 2707: 1696:"With Madonna, the extensive tie-in between media scholars has produced an exaggerated metacritical level." 1588:

later described how she become an "exalted star on the unlikely stage of academia". In early 1990s, educator

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described the Madonna studies as "highly specialized" field. Miklitsch called it, a "mini-discipline". For

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called the "Madonnathinking" (Madonnathink) to commentaries about the singer, including the academic vein.

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described the field as "quite academic in focus, language, and ideology". In 1997, in a conversation with

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citing Schwichtenberg notes: "Hardly any other popular artist has received as much attention from the

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and called it an extension of the "scholarship on Madonna". Some thesis garnered media exposition and

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Madonna first came to prominence in the mid-1980s, and the discipline did not take long to start up.

191: 119: 31: 1104: 246:, observed that the cultural studies approach blossomed during the 1980s, further adding that under 6936: 6870: 6854: 6536: 5981: 5976: 5133: 5055: 4804: 4338: 4004: 3754: 3421: 1935: 979: 721: 630: 395: 356: 123: 107: 61: 5794: 5405: 1331:

said that "there's no subject too ridiculous to be a subject of research in academics". Professor

6885: 6865: 6807: 6759: 6709: 6653: 6638: 6427: 6146: 5646: 5498: 5378: 5243: 5158: 5101: 4720: 4430: 4206: 4104: 4029: 3595: 3529: 3406: 3213: 2936: 2846: 2830: 2782: 2636: 2557: 2228: 2055: 1992: 1865: 1327: 1183: 1121: 1025: 689: 677: 638: 625:

dedicated a course to Madonna, marking the first time a female artist was studied in the academy.

502: 216: 1660: 497: 4753: 4598: 3286: 3182: 3156: 2027: 1841: 410:. Professors Andy Bennett (Griffith University) and Steve Waksman (Smith College), in the book 6593: 6139: 5894: 5872: 5850: 5827: 5805: 5775: 5745: 5726: 5632: 5445: 5410: 5357: 5222: 5137: 4914: 4808: 4799:

The Madonna connection: representational politics, subcultural identities, and cultural theory

4763: 4699: 4643: 4558: 4471: 4467: 4192: 4146: 4136: 4083: 4008: 3935: 3687: 3574: 3508: 3297: 3192: 3078: 2922: 2761: 2717: 2615: 2604: 2516: 2368: 2207: 2133: 2034: 1851: 1724: 1522: 1454: 1371: 1358: 1057: 1011:

Madonna's biographers to her self-generated myth that she as individual is in control" citing

734: 351: 338: 337:

represented Madonna to their academic audiences as a moment in which popular culture imitates

4693: 3443: 6981: 6895: 6766: 6737: 6484: 6452: 6437: 6114: 5915: 5764: 5624: 5593: 5488: 5478: 5433: 5349: 5087: 4902: 4867: 4796: 4597: 4546: 4531: 4517: 4459: 4422: 4404: 4302: 4071: 3903: 3872: 3675: 3566: 3496: 3457: 3398: 3384: 3340: 3285: 2603: 2506: 2260: 2121: 2026: 1984: 1768: 1639: 1350: 1238: 1165: 907: 743: 634: 549: 399: 199: 65: 3969: 2168: 968: 6890: 6407: 6023: 5864: 5819: 5658: 5390: 5319: 5255: 5212: 5170: 5123: 5017: 4732: 4218: 4116: 4041: 3607: 3541: 3504: 3251: 3225: 3188: 3151: 2948: 2858: 2794: 2667: 2648: 2240: 2090: 2067: 1877: 1817: 1678: 1635: 1631: 1417: 1366: 1336: 1193: 1096: 999: 893: 779: 713: 529: 447:

Madonna studies explored a wide-ranging of scientific discourses. Cathy Schwichtenberg, a

420: 319: 247: 239: 148: 5060: 831: 5554: 2303: 1895:"La Universidad de Oviedo inaugura el aula sobre Madonna y la cultura pop contemporánea" 6946: 6860: 6750: 6716: 6648: 6621: 5886: 4749: 4178: 3562: 2965: 2364: 2081: 1552: 1444: 1332: 1322: 1233: 1125: 957: 806: 739: 709: 519: 512: 507: 463: 318:

talked about the Madonna scholarship in 1986. Robert Miklitsch, associate professor of

144: 4839: 4504:"Not an Immaculate Reception: ideology, The Madonna Connection, and academic wannabes" 6996: 6794: 6462: 6447: 6217: 6079: 5581: 5502: 4894: 4797: 4234:"'Bitch She's Madonna', el primer estudio cultural en español sobre la reina del pop" 3941: 3410: 3020: 2703: 2599: 1996: 1643: 1627: 1607:

labeled her as "the most studied pop figure in universities". Elizabeth Tippens from

1600: 1593: 1285: 1277: 1254: 1156: 1149: 1144: 1037: 1012: 992: 929: 844: 810: 775: 654: 567: 544: 425: 403: 327: 278: 243: 232: 172: 152: 95: 81: 77: 69: 5582:"Like a Prophet – On Christian Interpretations of a Madonna Video; Academic studies" 4952: 2977: 809:

to Santiago Fouz-Hernández have identified others some core originating texts, like

131:

cultural studies, and brought pop artists to the foreground of scholarly attention.

6941: 6100: 6065: 5759: 5690: 5525: 5516: 5310: 4979: 4898: 4067: 3242: 2156: 1740: 1647: 1563: 1548: 1490: 1486: 1481: 1458: 1440: 1281: 1024:

Some of Madonna studiers were women, and they managed to agree were the subject of

975:

similarly stated that "what scholars want is to take advantage of Madonna's fame".

786: 562: 524: 471: 429: 342: 224: 220: 160: 5483: 5466: 4795:

Schwichtenberg, Ramona Liera; Pribram, Deidre; Tetzlaff, Dave; Scott, Ron (1993).

1116:

The Madonna studies divided the academic world. In this line, Spanish sociologist

235:

and academics "were applying to Madonna the same sophisticated textual readings".

5625: 5434: 5350: 5216: 5127: 4903: 4547: 4460: 4182: 4072: 3676: 3497: 3402: 3341: 2289: 2122: 1655: 1307:

trying to figure out what's going on Earth, Madonna is a blip on the planet...."

692:

were the first to propose courses "about" Madonna. Liberal art colleges, such as

6963: 6957: 6801: 6107: 2973: 2676: 2548: 1931:"Madonna usa los videoclips para dar mensajes diferentes a los de sus canciones" 1745: 1178: 658: 324:

Rocking Around The Clock: Music Television, Postmodernism & Consumer Culture

195: 187: 6586: 4376: 2885: 2747: 2405: 1988: 1723:

in 2015, José F. Blanco said "it can be argued that Madonna is overexposed in

1585: 1436: 988: 951: 933: 901: 868: 729: 314: 299: 266: 90: 4647: 4549:

The Fruits of Integration: Black Middle-Class Ideology and Culture, 1960–1990

3841: 1404:

commentator suggesting, "a degree of saturation seems to have been reached".

978:

A concern was that "these professors make Madonna the academic equivalent of

878:

Madonna's 'Like a Prayer:' A Critique of a Critique of the Geritol Generation

6951: 4188: 3838:"Copenhagen University in Denmark offers course on Beyonce, Gender and Race" 3142: 2713: 1763: 1654:" by associate professor Melanie Morton. Commentators like Colombian writer 1439:. Michael Dango also compared the Madonna-ology with the ongoing courses of 1049: 1036:' of academia, in ways weirdly analogous to how Madonna herself is viewed". 983: 751: 572: 415: 375: 20: 5598: 3347:

Dissertation Abstracts International: The Humanities and Social Sciences. A

817:(1997) and the others previously mentioned by Desmond. For Fouz-Hernández, 782:

there exists "a slew of scholarly books in postmodern language" about her.

442:

Dissertation Abstracts International: The humanities and social sciences. A

2129: 1161: 873: 650: 534: 346: 56:) refers to the study of the work and life of American singer-songwriter 5723:

The Cultural Turn: Scene Setting Essays on Contemporary Cultural History

5105: 5100:(22). Centro de Estudios y Cooperación para América Latina (CECAL): 49. 5088: 2709:

The Frankfurt School Revisited: And Other Essays on Politics and Society

76:

deemed her presence in academic circles as "a meteoric rise to academic

5938: 3461: 1651: 1304: 1284:

culture are important". In a similar treatment, American art historian

1086: 642: 57: 4434: 4405: 924: 754:

campus. In 2015, a group of scholars dedicated a Madonna class at the

738:

informed by 1995 that Madonna became part of "Finnish academic life".

19:

For the Christian theological study of Mary, the mother of Jesus, see

1228: 758:, marking the first time Oviedo devoted a course to a female singer. 80:". The rhetoric academic view of that time, majority in the sense of 5796:

Boricua Pop: Puerto Ricans and the Latinization of American Culture

4426: 3751:"'I'll Never Be an Angel': Stories of Deception in Madonna's Music" 3051: 1103: 1053: 923: 616: 143:, and that phrase popped up in the late-1980s according to writer 48: 25: 5218:

Defending Critical Studies of Whiteness but Not Whiteness Studies

6491: 6263: 1033: 681: 5911: 2826:

Introduction: Re-Invention; Blond Ambition: Consuming Celebrity

1584:

Madonna's influence on academic scholarship was not unnoticed.

1133:

1998, while others labeled the studies as "the ultimate act of

700:(the first Popular Culture department in the United States) of 712:

commented that "Madonna occupies a definite place in the post-

5215:; Popescu, Adina; Jones, Khary; Lespinasse, Patricia (2015). 5186:"Revisiting Madonna-ology in the Era of Taylor Swift Studies" 3495:

Stange, Mary Zeiss; Oyster, Carol K.; Sloan, Jane E. (2011).

4462:

Women Creating Lives: Identities, Resilience, And Resistance

1365:

reported that some deemed Madonna "is worthy of inquiry as

932:, in the sense of academic and public intellectual writing, 5869:

Beauty and Misogyny: Harmful Cultural Practices in the West

5315:"Cultural studies: A stab at reality or slap at education?" 4943:"A Number of College Scholars Race to Study Caucasian Ways" 3386:"Madonna as a symbol of reflexive modernisation (Abstract)" 991:

remained Madonna's most persuasive detractor, according to

5907: 5891:

Black on White: Black Writers on What It Means to Be White

3383:

van den Berg, Marguerite; ter Hoeven, Claartje L. (2013).

3184:

The Pop Star: Madonna; Achieving Stardom; Gender and Genre

1502:

Evaluating Creativity: Making and Learning by Young People

1493:

derisive nickname sometimes applied to cultural studies".

273:

According to professor Santiago Fouz-Hernández, author of

1002:

of Madonna fans" according to Carla Freccero writing for

86:

the most significant artist of the late twentieth century

2464:"Let's get "Serious," The Attack on Madonna Scholarship" 2606:

Idol for academic analysis and a changing public sphere

2263:. Association For Consumer Research. pp. 119–201. 3573:(in Catalan). Edicions Documenta Balear. p. 162. 3444:"How to Fashion an Archetype: Madonna as Anima Figure" 3074:

Reader's Guide to Music: History, Theory and Criticism

2823:

Fouz-Hernández, Santiago; Jarman-Ivens, Freya (2004).

2360:

The Madonna companion : two decades of commentary

2261:"On Madonna'S Brand Ambition: Presentation Transcript" 223:

sensibility with the concept proposed in the 1960s by

1690:

Measurement of Madonna's critical-academic literature

1219:

in 1993. A decade later, in 2003, Stephen Brown from

1095:—Robert Miklitsch, associate professor of English at 5436:

Religion and Popular Culture: Rescripting the Sacred

3490: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3482: 2883:

Harris, Daniel (June 8, 1992). "Make my rainy day".

1541:

Religion and Popular Culture: Rescripting the Sacred

1241:

believes so much of the academic writing on Madonna

487:

A general overview of approaches on Madonna studies

6924: 6819: 6667: 6631: 6578: 6553: 6514: 6476: 6400: 6305: 6280: 6241: 6209: 6156: 6124: 6015: 1820:cases, most texts have author's quote attribution. 940:) was known as a persuasive "detractor" of Madonna. 629:The Madonna studies saw its developments mostly at 492:Illustrative spectrum of topics on Madonna studies 5793: 5763: 5530: 5324: 5286: 3940: 3288:Mujeres, simbolismo y vida: estudios sobre mujeres 2562: 4790: 4788: 4786: 1276:In the late-1990s, Australian feminist historian 1269:Murphy-Judy, an associate professor of French at 4612:Répertoire International de Littérature Musicale 2199:Introduction: On Outlaw Women and Single Mothers 1141:Répertoire International de Littérature Musicale 457:Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World, Volume 1 5432:Santana, Richard W.; Erickson, Gregory (2008). 5348:Sefton-Green, Julian; Sinker, Rebecca (2005) . 4679: 3050:Burns, Gary; Kizer, Elizabeth (March 8, 1990). 1843:Introduction: Material Girls and Material Words 1694: 1551:called the "post-Madonna" studies era to those 1512: 1422: 1301: 1083: 391:, for further developed cross-referenced themes 322:dates the start of Madonna studies to 1987 and 290: 219:puts the origins of the Madonna studies in the 3863:Eduardo Gutiérrez Segura (February 16, 2012). 1227:The field was criticized because tends "to be 5923: 5671: 4744: 4742: 4458:Stewart, Abigail J.; Franz, Carol E. (1994). 4130: 4128: 4126: 3989: 3987: 2753:8, Madonna, The Professors, And the Feminists 2458: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2450: 2448: 1642:" for Cathy Schwichtenberg, followed by the " 215:Literary scholar Luis Cárcamo-Huechante from 8: 5494:11245.1/df8be2e8-247b-4cba-a4dc-cda932eb42ee 4406:"Our Lady of MTV: Madonna's "Like a Prayer"" 2906: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2428: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2254: 2252: 2250: 1689: 1667:s Lola Galán, and Caroline von Lowtzow from 1293:English professor called them an "Old Hat". 801:) both from 1993. Another book from 1993 is 716:curriculum at universities everywhere". The 613:List of academic publishing works on Madonna 428:all of these studies on Madonna was from an 4901:; Grahame, Emma; Larbalestier, Pan (1998). 4863:"What Does Madonna Have to Do With French?" 4453: 4451: 4291: 4289: 4287: 4285: 4283: 4281: 3666: 3664: 3662: 3660: 3658: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3648: 3176: 3174: 2672:"Madonna: Estudios sobre la pista de baile" 2662: 2660: 2658: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2020: 2018: 1592:labeled it as "a meteoric rise to academic 1457:calling it as the "silly successor" of the 1112:called the Madonna studies "controversial". 6200:Madame X: Music from the Theater Xperience 5930: 5916: 5908: 5555:"Book Excerpt: 'Madonna' by Andrew Morton" 5277:"What's the Matter With Cultural Studies?" 4667: 4279: 4277: 4275: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4261: 4173: 4171: 4169: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3720:"Aug 16, 1958 CE: Happy Birthday, Madonna" 3557: 3555: 3553: 3551: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2553:"POP MUSIC; Madonna's Return To Innocence" 2543: 2541: 2539: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2313: 1599:During the height of the field, professor 587: 462:As with others observers, music professor 349:the point of view of Steven Anderson from 5597: 5492: 5482: 5267: 5265: 4634:"Madonna even controversial for scholars" 3968:(in Spanish). ADN Cultura. Archived from 3714: 3712: 3710: 3437: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3322: 3320: 3014:Tippens, Elizabeth (September 17, 1992). 3009: 3007: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2960: 2958: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2491: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2188: 2186: 2151: 2149: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1273:found the problem of outdated textbooks. 1016:failures to promote this or that cause". 5841:Hall, Dennis R.; Hall, Susan G. (2006). 4584: 4074:Cvetkovich: White Boots and Combat Boots 4054: 3840:. BBC. September 4, 2017. Archived from 3378: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3276: 3274: 3045: 3043: 2742: 2740: 2325: 2284: 2282: 2115: 2113: 2025:Milestone, Katie; Meyer, Anneke (2013). 1889: 1887: 1791:(2006), Swedish author Maria Wikse from 1535:(2006), Swedish author Maria Wikse from 603:Illustrative examples of reference works 578: 485: 333:At this point, scholars like Kaplan and 5766:Religion and Popular Culture in America 4365: 4363: 4361: 3929:Leena-Maija, Rossi (January 15, 1995). 3237: 3235: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3121: 3110:(PSU). December 8, 1992. Archived from 2818: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2804: 1960: 1958: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1780: 1099:talking about "Madonna studies" (1997). 791:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 742:mentioned the example of scholars from 345:and popular culture. Various academics 6296:The Complete Studio Albums (1983–2008) 5654: 5644: 5386: 5376: 5251: 5241: 5166: 5156: 4838:. BBC. August 22, 2000. Archived from 4728: 4718: 4214: 4204: 4112: 4102: 4037: 4027: 3819: 3787:von Lowtzow, Caroline (May 17, 2010). 3603: 3593: 3537: 3527: 3327: 3259:from the original on February 10, 2021 3247:"25 questionable things about Madonna" 3221: 3211: 3181:Bennett, Andy; Waksman, Steve (2014). 3098: 3096: 3094: 3058:Education Resources Information Center 2944: 2934: 2854: 2844: 2790: 2780: 2644: 2634: 2367:. pp. 219–222, 268–269, 276–277. 2236: 2226: 2063: 2053: 1873: 1863: 1684:Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World 1032:decried: "We're being treated as the ' 366:(2013). From other reports, professor 6701:Glee: The Music, The Power of Madonna 5586:Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis 2120:Hill, Stephen; Fenner, Bevis (2010). 732:. In Finland, Rossi Leena-Maija from 726:Madonna: The Music and the Phenomenon 435:Professor Pamela Robertson Wojcik of 250:'s growing influence as well as that 7: 5893:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 5691:T: The New York Times Style Magazine 5477:(3). Taylor & Francis: 432–435. 5404:Sanchez, Brandon (August 16, 2023). 4296:Stewart, Barbara (January 6, 1991). 2508:Introduction: Engaging the Aesthetic 2401:"The Madonna Move: A Special Report" 1901:. September 28, 2015. Archived from 6289:Like a Virgin & Other Big Hits! 6232:Finally Enough Love: 50 Number Ones 5184:Dango, Michael (January 12, 2024). 5082:McGuigan, Jim; Muñoz, Pere (2006). 4242:(in Spanish). Spain. Archived from 4138:A World Made Sexy: Freud to Madonna 3761:from the original on March 18, 2003 3621:Hammond, Margo (November 1, 1992). 3104:"PSU profs justify Madonna in book" 2357:Benson, Carol; Metz, Allan (1999). 2267:from the original on April 19, 2017 1939:(in Spanish). Spain. Archived from 1143:also commented on its reception in 179:" (MP), while others used the term 147:. Although numerous academics like 16:Cultural and media study of Madonna 5580:Häger, Andreas (January 1, 1996). 5089:"El populismo cultural revisitado" 5084:Autonomous University of Barcelona 4604:RILM Abstracts of Music Literature 3964:Vargas, Leonardo (July 14, 2019). 3910:from the original on July 26, 2020 3898:DeMarco, Laura (August 30, 2013). 3865:"Su majestad camaleónica: Madonna" 3801:from the original on July 26, 2020 2919:State University of New York Press 2086:"These Are the Best Madonna Books" 1929:García, Sergio (October 9, 2015). 1789:Materialisations of a Woman Writer 1533:Materialisations of a Woman Writer 1048:whom taped him saying: "I've read 412:The SAGE Handbook of Popular Music 171:. Another group of academics like 163:have referred to them also as the 14: 5282:The Chronicle of Higher Education 5129:The Madonna contradiction machine 5027:from the original on June 3, 2019 4941:Hardy, Quentin (April 24, 1997). 4861:Lieberman, Mark (July 19, 2017). 4836:"Are some degree courses a joke?" 4545:Banner-Haley, Charles T. (2010). 3749:Hawkins, Stan (January 1, 1997). 3442:Blanco, José F. (December 2014). 1472:The Chronicle of Higher Education 1447:, noticed that in November 1997, 1314:FSU's Department of Communication 892:, they worked mostly in areas of 379:to the rise of Madonna studies". 151:used that term, scholars such as 6977: 6976: 6342:The Girlie Show: Live Down Under 5686:"'Madonnaland,' by Alina Simone" 5561:. November 6, 2001. pp. 1–4 4983:. April 16, 1991. Archived from 4760:Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group 4370:Galán, Lola (October 24, 1992). 3997:; Sefton-Green, Julian (2005) . 1759:Bibliography of works on Madonna 1638:" in Charles Wells's view, the " 1485:". According to American writer 1420:agreed with this point, adding: 1316:talking about "Madonna studies". 1271:Virginia Commonwealth University 973:Complutense University of Madrid 840:Madonna: The Rolling Stone Files 797:) to Lisa Frank and Paul Smith ( 609:Bibliography of works on Madonna 588: 5467:"Why I too write about Beyoncé" 4975:"THE EARLY GREEKS VS. MADONNA?" 4599:"Music and Related Disciplines" 4555:University Press of Mississippi 2409:. April 1, 1986. Archived from 102:were classified as precursors. 84:, generally considered her as " 6745:Madonna: An Intimate Biography 6563:Late Show with David Letterman 6530:I'm Going to Tell You a Secret 6335:Blond Ambition World Tour Live 6165:I'm Going to Tell You a Secret 5772:University of California Press 5740:Church Gibson, Pamela (2013). 4755:Vamps & Tramps: New Essays 4306:. pp. 1–3. Archived from 3449:The Journal of Popular Culture 2204:University of California Press 1720:The Journal of Popular Culture 1498:Vamps & Tramps: New Essays 866:wrote an essay about her book 702:Bowling Green State University 1: 6570:Super Bowl XLVI halftime show 6314:Madonna Live: The Virgin Tour 5742:Fashion and Celebrity Culture 5623:; Wotherspoon, Garry (2020). 5484:10.1080/19392397.2019.1630158 4514:University of Texas at Austin 4080:University of Wisconsin Press 4000:Teaching Pop: An A-Level Unit 3191:. pp. 13, 298, 340–343. 3108:Pennsylvania State University 1737:Fashion and Celebrity Culture 1443:in 2024. Historian professor 1312:—Theodore Clevenger, dean of 836:Desesperately Seeking Madonna 698:Department of Popular Culture 139:The field is commonly called 7003:Impact and legacy of Madonna 6321:Ciao Italia: Live from Italy 6087:Confessions on a Dance Floor 5684:Fry, Naomi (March 3, 2016). 5352:Evaluation and postmodernity 4380:(in Spanish). Archived from 3939:(in Finnish). Archived from 3403:10.1080/19392397.2013.791042 2680:(in Spanish). Archived from 2302:(in Spanish). Archived from 1361:with Madonna. For instance, 1357:Some made the comparison of 6781:Life with My Sister Madonna 6724:Medusa: Dare to Be Truthful 6608:Yakov and the Seven Thieves 5191:Los Angeles Review of Books 4232:EcoDiario (June 24, 2018). 4143:University of Toronto Press 3797:(in German). pp. 1–2. 3789:"Aus der Ursuppe des Trash" 3724:National Geographic Society 2914:The Case of Madonna Studies 2561:. p. 2. Archived from 1972:Journal of American Studies 1806:Journal of American Studies 1677:". Chilean literary critic 1450:The New York Times Magazine 1130:National Geographic Society 1110:National Geographic Society 863:Journal of American Studies 728:, within the Department of 579: 128:National Geographic Society 7034: 6413:Who's That Girl World Tour 6349:The Video Collection 93:99 5847:Greenwood Publishing Group 5221:. Routledge. p. 218. 4807:. pp. 1–5, 153, 322. 4411:Feminism and Postmodernism 3678:Madonna as Postmodern Myth 2911:Miklitsch, Robert (1998). 2833:. pp. xvii–xviii, 188 2758:Greenwood Publishing Group 2294:"MADONNA ANTE LA ACADEMIA" 1981:Cambridge University Press 1712:Gender and Popular Culture 670:Madonna as Postmodern Myth 606: 394:The Madonna studies is an 389:Cultural impact of Madonna 386: 18: 6972: 6418:Blond Ambition World Tour 6328:The Immaculate Collection 6250:The Immaculate Collection 5945: 5802:New York University Press 5641:– via Google Books. 5609:– via ResearchGate. 5454:– via Google Books. 5373:– via Google Books. 5238:– via Google Books. 5153:– via Google Books. 4930:– via Google Books. 4779:– via Google Books. 4715:– via Google Books. 4639:Moscow-Pullman Daily News 4622:– via Google Books. 4574:– via Google Books. 4500:University of Texas Press 4487:– via Google Books. 4201:– via Google Books. 4162:– via Google Books. 4135:Rutherford, Paul (2007). 4099:– via Google Books. 4024:– via Google Books. 3590:– via Google Books. 3524:– via Google Books. 3361:– via Google Books. 3313:– via Google Books. 3208:– via Google Books. 3087:– via Google Books. 3053:Madonna: Like a Dichotomy 2931:– via Google Books. 2921:. pp. 5–14, 99–138. 2733:– via Google Books. 2631:– via Google Books. 2532:– via Google Books. 2142:– via Google Books. 2124:Media and Cultural Theory 2050:– via Google Books. 2033:. John Wiley & Sons. 1989:10.1017/S0021875818001391 1860:– via Google Books. 1380:Madonna: Like a Dichotomy 1247:Media and Cultural Theory 1172: 1042:backlash against feminism 815:Madonna, Bawdy & Soul 491: 6659:Truth or Dare by Madonna 5790:Negrón-Muntaner, Frances 4824:– via Archive.org. 4498:Schulze, Laurie (1999). 4403:Freccero, Carla (1992). 4334:"The other Madonna Book" 3672:Guilbert, Georges Claude 3623:"The Madonna phenomenon" 3077:. Taylor & Francis. 2841:– via Archive.org. 2777:– via Archive.org. 2384:– via Archive.org. 2223:– via Archive.org. 1803:; 2018) or Manav Ratti ( 1729:Madonna's Drowned Worlds 1560:Madonna's Drowned Worlds 481:Madonna's Drowned Worlds 451:professor and editor of 437:University of Notre Dame 275:Madonna's Drowned Worlds 238:Chilean literary critic 30:Madonna on stage at her 6731:Madonna: Innocence Lost 6644:Ray of Light Foundation 6499:secretprojectrevolution 6443:Sticky & Sweet Tour 6433:Re-Invention World Tour 6377:Sticky & Sweet Tour 6356:Drowned World Tour 2001 6225:Remixed & Revisited 6179:Sticky & Sweet Tour 5824:The Contemporary Reader 5465:Kooijman, Jaap (2017). 5442:McFarland & Company 4948:The Wall Street Journal 4911:Oxford University Press 4642:: 8. January 17, 1991. 3684:McFarland & Company 2259:Brown, Stephen (2003). 2194:Walters, Suzanna Danuta 2161:"Madonna in Wonderland" 1675:Postmodernism Generator 1406:Loughborough University 1342:The Wall Street Journal 1202:Frances Negrón-Muntaner 1026:gender bias in academia 890:Georges-Claude Guilbert 718:University of Amsterdam 666:Georges-Claude Guilbert 364:Reader's Guide to Music 206:Origins and development 64:approach incorporating 6694:Through the Wilderness 6615:The Adventures of Abdi 5721:Chaney, David (2002). 5599:10.30674/scripta.67227 5313:(September 16, 2002). 5275:(September 29, 2009). 5049:(September 25, 2000). 4692:Merck, Mandy (2018) . 4184:Narrative Bibliography 3071:Steib, Murray (2013). 2670:(September 28, 2008). 2472:. 1993. Archived from 1703:The Madonna Connection 1698: 1640:Baudrillardian Madonna 1613:Åbo Akademi University 1579: 1517: 1461:and Madonna studies. 1427: 1309: 1113: 1092: 947:The Madonna Connection 941: 819:The Madonna Connection 803:Deconstructing Madonna 795:The Madonna Connection 772:Suzanna Danuta Walters 686:University of Colorado 626: 453:The Madonna Connection 294: 157:Suzanna Danuta Walters 35: 6774:Madonna: Like an Icon 6257:Something to Remember 5535:on September 10, 2014 4509:The Velvet Light Trap 4419:Duke University Press 3900:"30 years of Madonna" 3563:Pizà Prohens, Antonio 3351:University Microfilms 3342:"Mass Communications" 2612:Duke University Press 2513:John Wiley & Sons 1965:Ratti, Manav (2020). 1840:Maria, Wikse (2006). 1605:University of Florida 1410:Causes of World War I 1325:. Charles Sykes from 1291:University of Florida 1107: 1072:The Velvet Light Trap 1004:Duke University Press 927: 850:The Madonna Companion 827:Madonna: Like an Icon 720:created the elective 620: 449:University of Georgia 408:communication studies 383:Issues and approaches 297:—Daniel Harris, from 29: 6788:The Power of Madonna 6632:Companies and brands 6601:Mr. Peabody's Apples 6468:The Celebration Tour 6363:The Confessions Tour 6172:The Confessions Tour 5519:(January 14, 2003). 5134:Taylor & Francis 4875:on November 22, 2017 4805:Taylor & Francis 4680:Negrón-Muntaner 2004 4516:: 37. Archived from 4470:. pp. 154–155. 4372:"'Sex' prohibitivoç" 4332:(November 1, 1992). 4005:Taylor & Francis 3473:Wiley Online Library 3422:Taylor & Francis 3294:University of Málaga 3282:Durán, María Ángeles 3245:(November 5, 2008). 2980:on February 28, 2014 2551:(October 23, 1994). 2413:on February 11, 2022 2326:Hall & Hall 2006 2306:on October 11, 2016. 2292:(October 22, 1995). 1905:on February 21, 2021 1899:University of Oviedo 1801:University of Oviedo 1793:Stockholm University 1617:scientific community 1537:Stockholm University 1221:University of Ulster 1135:cultural imperialism 1030:University of Denver 858:Salisbury University 756:University of Oviedo 631:academic conferences 623:University of Oviedo 263:Madonna: A Biography 194:or journalists like 159:to journalists like 122:, interviews or her 6937:Christopher Ciccone 6906:Radio 1 controversy 6855:Echiniscus madonnae 6668:Works about Madonna 6537:I Am Because We Are 5760:Forbes, Bruce David 5108:– via Jstor. 5011:"case one: Madonna" 4842:on October 17, 2002 4339:The Washington Post 3966:"Mi propia Madonna" 3879:on December 3, 2013 3794:Süddeutsche Zeitung 3755:University of Leeds 3016:"Mastering Madonna" 2970:"Madonna's Revenge" 2684:on October 16, 2008 2084:(August 16, 2018). 1670:Süddeutsche Zeitung 1636:Foucauldian Madonna 1580:On Madonna's career 1489:: "Madonna Studies 1464:Back in the 2000s, 1173:Madonna's responses 1118:María Ángeles Durán 854:Bitch She's Madonna 722:academic discipline 584: 488: 464:Antoni Pizà Prohens 181:Madonna scholarship 43:Madonna scholarship 6886:Madonna (nickname) 6837:Scholarly articles 6760:Do It with Madonna 6710:A Panel of Experts 6654:Hard Candy Fitness 6428:Drowned World Tour 6401:Concerts and tours 6242:Compilation albums 5887:Roediger, David R. 5672:Church Gibson 2013 4444:– via Jstor. 4384:on October 9, 2015 4179:Ferraro, Thomas J. 4007:. pp. 61–62. 3686:. pp. 2, 83. 3462:10.1111/jpcu.12203 3147:"WHO'S THAT GIRL?" 3145:(August 5, 1990). 2831:Ashgate Publishing 2760:. pp. 76–78. 2558:The New York Times 2476:on January 2, 2011 2328:, pp. 445–446 2098:on August 16, 2018 1520:—Brandon Sanchez, 1389:Madonna Collection 1359:historical figures 1328:Milwaukee Magazine 1184:The New York Times 1122:Colgate University 1114: 1008:Abigail J. Stewart 942: 668:wrote in the book 627: 580: 559:Celebrity studies 503:Marketing strategy 486: 217:Harvard University 177:Madonna Phenomenon 54:Madonna Phenomenon 36: 7018:Academic scandals 6990: 6989: 6849:Contemporary arts 6820:Impact and legacy 6594:The English Roses 6125:Soundtrack albums 5826:. HarperCollins. 5811:978-0-8147-5818-2 5521:"Taking the mick" 5471:Celebrity Studies 5291:on April 30, 2020 4955:on April 27, 2020 4468:Avalon Publishing 4310:on April 18, 2020 3995:Buckingham, David 3936:Helsingin Sanomat 3873:Revista Expansión 3391:Celebrity Studies 3159:on April 30, 2020 3114:on July 26, 2020. 2968:(November 1993). 2003:on April 30, 2020 1943:on April 21, 2020 1725:academic research 1455:whiteness studies 1372:Leonard Bernstein 1264:Instructors like 1064:doesn't know is, 969:Enrique Gil Calvo 735:Helsingin Sanomat 600: 599: 596: 595: 541:Consumer culture 396:interdisciplinary 352:The Village Voice 339:critical theories 305:Make My Rainy Day 256:Birmingham School 175:called them the " 116:live performances 62:interdisciplinary 7025: 7013:Cultural studies 6980: 6979: 6925:Related articles 6827:Academic studies 6738:If Madonna Calls 6688:by Alisha Chinai 6485:Filth and Wisdom 6458:Tears of a Clown 6453:Rebel Heart Tour 6438:Confessions Tour 6391:Rebel Heart Tour 6281:Limited releases 6193:Rebel Heart Tour 5932: 5925: 5918: 5909: 5904: 5882: 5865:Jeffreys, Sheila 5860: 5837: 5820:Goshgarian, Gary 5815: 5799: 5785: 5769: 5755: 5736: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5694:. 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Friendly 1100: 1000:wannabe syndrome 908:Orlando Sentinel 884:Madonna scholars 838:(Sexton, 1993), 748:David Buckingham 714:Western Cultures 592: 591: 585: 554:Popular culture 550:Multiculturalism 489: 400:cultural studies 308: 307:- June 8, 1992). 200:Robert Christgau 74:David Buckingham 66:cultural studies 32:Celebration tour 7033: 7032: 7028: 7027: 7026: 7024: 7023: 7022: 6993: 6992: 6991: 6986: 6968: 6920: 6891:Madonna wannabe 6815: 6663: 6627: 6574: 6549: 6510: 6505:Who's That Girl 6472: 6423:The Girlie Show 6408:The Virgin Tour 6396: 6384:MDNA World Tour 6301: 6276: 6237: 6205: 6186:MDNA World Tour 6152: 6133:Who's That Girl 6120: 6059:Bedtime Stories 6011: 6007:Cultural impact 5941: 5936: 5901: 5885: 5879: 5863: 5857: 5840: 5834: 5818: 5812: 5788: 5782: 5758: 5752: 5739: 5733: 5720: 5717: 5712: 5711: 5701: 5699: 5683: 5682: 5678: 5670: 5666: 5653: 5643: 5639: 5621:Aldrich, Robert 5619: 5618: 5614: 5604: 5602: 5579: 5578: 5574: 5564: 5562: 5553: 5552: 5548: 5538: 5536: 5515: 5514: 5510: 5464: 5463: 5459: 5452: 5431: 5430: 5426: 5416: 5414: 5403: 5402: 5398: 5385: 5375: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5347: 5346: 5342: 5332: 5330: 5329:on June 8, 2020 5320:Chicago Tribune 5309: 5308: 5304: 5294: 5292: 5273:Bérubé, Michael 5271: 5270: 5263: 5250: 5240: 5233: 5231: 5229: 5211: 5210: 5206: 5196: 5194: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5165: 5155: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5136:. p. 292. 5122: 5121: 5117: 5081: 5080: 5076: 5066: 5064: 5051:"Dance Fevered" 5045: 5044: 5040: 5030: 5028: 5024: 5018:Wiley-Blackwell 5013: 5005: 5004: 5000: 4990: 4988: 4973: 4972: 4968: 4958: 4956: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4878: 4876: 4860: 4859: 4855: 4845: 4843: 4834: 4833: 4829: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4794: 4793: 4784: 4774: 4772: 4770: 4762:. p. 372. 4750:Paglia, Camille 4748: 4747: 4740: 4727: 4717: 4710: 4708: 4706: 4691: 4690: 4686: 4678: 4674: 4668:Goshgarian 1993 4666: 4662: 4652: 4650: 4632: 4631: 4627: 4617: 4615: 4596: 4595: 4591: 4583: 4579: 4569: 4567: 4565: 4557:. p. 213. 4544: 4543: 4539: 4525: 4523: 4497: 4496: 4492: 4482: 4480: 4478: 4457: 4456: 4449: 4439: 4437: 4402: 4401: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4369: 4368: 4359: 4349: 4347: 4346:on June 2, 2020 4328: 4327: 4323: 4313: 4311: 4295: 4294: 4259: 4249: 4247: 4231: 4230: 4226: 4213: 4203: 4199: 4191:. p. 243. 4177: 4176: 4167: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4145:. p. 296. 4134: 4133: 4124: 4111: 4101: 4094: 4092: 4090: 4082:. p. 345. 4066: 4065: 4061: 4053: 4049: 4036: 4026: 4019: 4017: 4015: 3993: 3992: 3985: 3975: 3973: 3963: 3962: 3958: 3948: 3946: 3928: 3927: 3923: 3913: 3911: 3897: 3896: 3892: 3882: 3880: 3862: 3861: 3857: 3847: 3845: 3844:on May 19, 2021 3836: 3835: 3826: 3818: 3814: 3804: 3802: 3786: 3785: 3774: 3764: 3762: 3748: 3747: 3743: 3733: 3731: 3718: 3717: 3708: 3698: 3696: 3694: 3670: 3669: 3646: 3636: 3634: 3627:Tampa Bay Times 3620: 3619: 3615: 3602: 3592: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3561: 3560: 3549: 3536: 3526: 3519: 3517: 3515: 3507:. p. 877. 3505:SAGE Publishing 3494: 3493: 3480: 3466: 3464: 3441: 3440: 3429: 3415: 3413: 3382: 3381: 3366: 3356: 3354: 3339: 3338: 3334: 3325: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3304: 3296:. p. 234. 3280: 3279: 3272: 3262: 3260: 3252:The Denver Post 3241: 3240: 3233: 3220: 3210: 3203: 3201: 3199: 3189:SAGE Publishing 3180: 3179: 3172: 3162: 3160: 3152:Tampa Bay Times 3141: 3140: 3119: 3102: 3101: 3092: 3085: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3049: 3048: 3041: 3031: 3029: 3013: 3012: 2993: 2983: 2981: 2966:Annalee, Newitz 2964: 2963: 2956: 2943: 2933: 2929: 2910: 2909: 2894: 2882: 2881: 2866: 2853: 2843: 2836: 2834: 2822: 2821: 2802: 2789: 2779: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2746: 2745: 2738: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2716:. p. 108. 2702: 2701: 2697: 2687: 2685: 2668:Contardo, Óscar 2666: 2665: 2656: 2643: 2633: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2598: 2597: 2580: 2570: 2568: 2547: 2546: 2537: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2503:Bérubé, Michael 2501: 2500: 2489: 2479: 2477: 2462: 2461: 2426: 2416: 2414: 2399: 2398: 2389: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2356: 2355: 2332: 2324: 2311: 2288: 2287: 2280: 2270: 2268: 2258: 2257: 2248: 2235: 2225: 2218: 2216: 2214: 2192: 2191: 2184: 2174: 2172: 2155: 2154: 2147: 2140: 2132:. p. 110. 2119: 2118: 2111: 2101: 2099: 2091:Pitchfork Media 2082:Maura, Johnston 2080: 2079: 2075: 2062: 2052: 2045: 2043: 2041: 2024: 2023: 2016: 2006: 2004: 1964: 1963: 1956: 1946: 1944: 1928: 1927: 1918: 1908: 1906: 1893: 1892: 1885: 1872: 1862: 1858: 1839: 1838: 1831: 1826: 1818:intertextuality 1814: 1813: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1755: 1708: 1700: 1692: 1664: 1652:Marxist Madonna 1632:Marjorie Garber 1582: 1529: 1519: 1510: 1432: 1418:Douglas Kellner 1397: 1384:Robert M. Grant 1367:Charles Dickens 1337:Duke University 1319: 1311: 1299: 1282:studies of girl 1211: 1194:Gary Goshgarian 1175: 1102: 1097:Ohio University 1094: 1081: 1066:Roman Hellenism 1022: 1006:. Psychologist 922: 894:cultural theory 886: 880:of Chip Wells. 780:Sheila Jeffreys 764: 746:, and educator 615: 605: 589: 530:Critical theory 498:Women's studies 421:Tampa Bay Times 392: 385: 320:Ohio University 310: 296: 288: 233:universal canon 213: 208: 198:. Critics like 149:David Gauntlett 141:Madonna studies 137: 88:" according to 39:Madonna studies 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7031: 7029: 7021: 7020: 7015: 7010: 7005: 6995: 6994: 6988: 6987: 6985: 6984: 6973: 6970: 6969: 6967: 6966: 6961: 6954: 6949: 6947:Madonna (name) 6944: 6939: 6934: 6932:Breakfast Club 6928: 6926: 6922: 6921: 6919: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6840: 6839: 6834: 6823: 6821: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6813: 6805: 6798: 6791: 6784: 6777: 6770: 6763: 6756: 6748: 6741: 6734: 6727: 6720: 6717:Like a Surgeon 6713: 6706: 6705: 6704: 6697: 6690: 6680:Tribute albums 6677: 6675:Cover versions 6671: 6669: 6665: 6664: 6662: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6649:Raising Malawi 6646: 6641: 6635: 6633: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6625: 6622:Lotsa de Casha 6618: 6611: 6604: 6597: 6590: 6582: 6580: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6572: 6567: 6557: 6555: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6547: 6540: 6533: 6526: 6518: 6516: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6508: 6502: 6495: 6488: 6480: 6478: 6477:Films directed 6474: 6473: 6471: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6404: 6402: 6398: 6397: 6395: 6394: 6387: 6380: 6373: 6366: 6359: 6352: 6345: 6338: 6331: 6324: 6317: 6309: 6307: 6306:Video releases 6303: 6302: 6300: 6299: 6292: 6284: 6282: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6274: 6267: 6260: 6253: 6245: 6243: 6239: 6238: 6236: 6235: 6228: 6221: 6213: 6211: 6207: 6206: 6204: 6203: 6196: 6189: 6182: 6175: 6168: 6160: 6158: 6154: 6153: 6151: 6150: 6143: 6140:I'm Breathless 6136: 6128: 6126: 6122: 6121: 6119: 6118: 6111: 6104: 6097: 6090: 6083: 6076: 6069: 6062: 6055: 6048: 6041: 6034: 6027: 6019: 6017: 6013: 6012: 6010: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5992:Fashion brands 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5968: 5967: 5962: 5952: 5946: 5943: 5942: 5937: 5935: 5934: 5927: 5920: 5912: 5906: 5905: 5900:978-0307482297 5899: 5883: 5877: 5861: 5855: 5843:American Icons 5838: 5832: 5816: 5810: 5786: 5780: 5756: 5751:978-0857852311 5750: 5737: 5731: 5716: 5713: 5710: 5709: 5698:on May 3, 2016 5676: 5664: 5638:978-1000150285 5637: 5612: 5572: 5546: 5508: 5457: 5451:978-0786435531 5450: 5444:. p. 76. 5424: 5396: 5362: 5340: 5302: 5261: 5228:978-1317255512 5227: 5204: 5176: 5142: 5115: 5096:(in Spanish). 5074: 5038: 4998: 4966: 4933: 4919: 4913:. p. 62. 4895:Caine, Barbara 4886: 4853: 4827: 4813: 4782: 4769:978-0307765567 4768: 4738: 4705:978-1135200282 4704: 4684: 4672: 4660: 4625: 4589: 4577: 4564:978-1617031137 4563: 4537: 4490: 4476: 4447: 4427:10.2307/303538 4395: 4357: 4321: 4257: 4224: 4197: 4165: 4151: 4122: 4088: 4059: 4047: 4013: 3983: 3956: 3921: 3890: 3871:(in Spanish). 3869:Quien Magazine 3855: 3824: 3812: 3772: 3741: 3706: 3693:978-0786480715 3692: 3674:(2015) . "1". 3644: 3633:on May 7, 2022 3613: 3579: 3547: 3514:978-1412976855 3513: 3478: 3427: 3397:(2): 144–154. 3364: 3332: 3316: 3303:978-8497471725 3302: 3270: 3231: 3198:978-1473910997 3197: 3170: 3117: 3090: 3084:978-1135942694 3083: 3063: 3039: 2991: 2954: 2927: 2892: 2864: 2800: 2767:978-0313338113 2766: 2736: 2722: 2704:Wolin, Richard 2695: 2654: 2621:978-1478021391 2620: 2600:Weisbard, Eric 2578: 2535: 2522:978-0470777329 2521: 2487: 2424: 2387: 2373: 2365:Schirmer Books 2330: 2309: 2278: 2246: 2212: 2182: 2145: 2139:978-8776815400 2138: 2109: 2073: 2040:978-0745658650 2039: 2014: 1954: 1916: 1897:(in Spanish). 1883: 1856: 1828: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1812: 1811: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1772: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1754: 1751: 1733:Robert Aldrich 1693: 1691: 1688: 1679:Óscar Contardo 1581: 1578: 1553:degree courses 1511: 1509: 1506: 1466:Michael Bérubé 1445:David Roediger 1431: 1428: 1396: 1393: 1333:Thomas Ferraro 1323:modern culture 1300: 1298: 1295: 1261:in Madonna". 1234:Camille Paglia 1210: 1207: 1174: 1171: 1126:David Roediger 1082: 1080: 1077: 1062:Inside Edition 1046:Inside Edition 1021: 1018: 964:Herald Tribune 958:Inside Edition 921: 918: 885: 882: 860:, writing for 807:Thomas Ferraro 768:Material Girls 763: 760: 740:Simon Reynolds 710:Annalee Newitz 604: 601: 598: 597: 594: 593: 582:a Madonna icon 576: 575: 570: 565: 560: 556: 555: 552: 547: 542: 538: 537: 532: 527: 522: 520:Ethnic studies 516: 515: 513:Racial studies 510: 508:Gender studies 505: 500: 494: 493: 384: 381: 368:Michael Bérubé 289: 287: 284: 240:Óscar Contardo 229:American Icons 212: 209: 207: 204: 192:Michael Bérubé 145:Maura Johnston 136: 133: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7030: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7008:Media studies 7006: 7004: 7001: 7000: 6998: 6983: 6975: 6974: 6971: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6959: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6929: 6927: 6923: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6856: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6829: 6828: 6825: 6824: 6822: 6818: 6812: 6810: 6806: 6804: 6803: 6799: 6797: 6796: 6795:Strike a Pose 6792: 6789: 6785: 6783: 6782: 6778: 6776: 6775: 6771: 6768: 6767:She's Madonna 6764: 6761: 6757: 6755: 6753: 6749: 6747: 6746: 6742: 6739: 6735: 6733: 6732: 6728: 6726: 6725: 6721: 6718: 6714: 6712: 6711: 6707: 6703: 6702: 6698: 6696: 6695: 6691: 6689: 6687: 6683: 6682: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6666: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6636: 6634: 6630: 6624: 6623: 6619: 6617: 6616: 6612: 6610: 6609: 6605: 6603: 6602: 6598: 6596: 6595: 6591: 6589: 6588: 6584: 6583: 6581: 6577: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6564: 6559: 6558: 6556: 6552: 6546: 6545: 6541: 6539: 6538: 6534: 6532: 6531: 6527: 6525: 6524: 6523:Truth or Dare 6520: 6519: 6517: 6515:Documentaries 6513: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6500: 6496: 6494: 6493: 6489: 6487: 6486: 6482: 6481: 6479: 6475: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6463:Madame X Tour 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6448:The MDNA Tour 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6421: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6406: 6405: 6403: 6399: 6393: 6392: 6388: 6386: 6385: 6381: 6379: 6378: 6374: 6372: 6371: 6367: 6365: 6364: 6360: 6358: 6357: 6353: 6351: 6350: 6346: 6344: 6343: 6339: 6337: 6336: 6332: 6330: 6329: 6325: 6323: 6322: 6318: 6316: 6315: 6311: 6310: 6308: 6304: 6298: 6297: 6293: 6291: 6290: 6286: 6285: 6283: 6279: 6273: 6272: 6268: 6266: 6265: 6261: 6259: 6258: 6254: 6252: 6251: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6240: 6234: 6233: 6229: 6227: 6226: 6222: 6220: 6219: 6218:You Can Dance 6215: 6214: 6212: 6208: 6202: 6201: 6197: 6195: 6194: 6190: 6188: 6187: 6183: 6181: 6180: 6176: 6174: 6173: 6169: 6167: 6166: 6162: 6161: 6159: 6155: 6149: 6148: 6144: 6142: 6141: 6137: 6135: 6134: 6130: 6129: 6127: 6123: 6117: 6116: 6112: 6110: 6109: 6105: 6103: 6102: 6098: 6096: 6095: 6091: 6089: 6088: 6084: 6082: 6081: 6080:American Life 6077: 6075: 6074: 6070: 6068: 6067: 6063: 6061: 6060: 6056: 6054: 6053: 6049: 6047: 6046: 6045:Like a Prayer 6042: 6040: 6039: 6035: 6033: 6032: 6031:Like a Virgin 6028: 6026: 6025: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6016:Studio albums 6014: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5957: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5947: 5944: 5940: 5933: 5928: 5926: 5921: 5919: 5914: 5913: 5910: 5902: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5874: 5871:. 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2470: 2469:On the Issues 2465: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2453: 2451: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2425: 2412: 2408: 2407: 2402: 2396: 2394: 2392: 2388: 2376: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2361: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2310: 2305: 2301: 2300: 2295: 2291: 2285: 2283: 2279: 2266: 2262: 2255: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2242: 2230: 2215: 2209: 2206:. p. 2. 2205: 2201: 2200: 2195: 2189: 2187: 2183: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2157:Orth, Maureen 2152: 2150: 2146: 2141: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2125: 2116: 2114: 2110: 2097: 2093: 2092: 2087: 2083: 2077: 2074: 2069: 2057: 2042: 2036: 2031: 2030: 2021: 2019: 2015: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1973: 1968: 1961: 1959: 1955: 1942: 1938: 1937: 1932: 1925: 1923: 1921: 1917: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1879: 1867: 1859: 1853: 1850:. p. 9. 1849: 1845: 1844: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1808: 1807: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1784: 1781: 1774: 1770: 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the Issues 1208: 1206: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1192:according to 1191: 1186: 1185: 1180: 1170: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1158: 1157:Knight Ridder 1152: 1151: 1150:Rolling Stone 1146: 1145:popular press 1142: 1138: 1136: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1098: 1091: 1088: 1078: 1076: 1074: 1073: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1038:E. Ann Kaplan 1035: 1031: 1027: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1013:Susan McClary 1009: 1005: 1001: 996: 994: 993:Eric Weisbard 990: 985: 981: 976: 974: 970: 966: 965: 960: 959: 954: 953: 948: 939: 935: 931: 930:Eric Weisbard 928:According to 926: 919: 917: 915: 910: 909: 904: 903: 897: 895: 891: 883: 881: 879: 875: 871: 870: 865: 864: 859: 855: 851: 847: 846: 845:Rolling Stone 841: 837: 833: 829: 828: 822: 820: 816: 812: 811:Karlene Faith 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 783: 781: 777: 776:Eric Weisbard 773: 769: 761: 759: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 736: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 705: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 662: 660: 656: 655:Material Girl 652: 648: 645:, theses and 644: 640: 636: 632: 624: 619: 614: 610: 602: 586: 583: 577: 574: 571: 569: 568:Globalization 566: 564: 561: 558: 557: 553: 551: 548: 546: 545:Postmodernism 543: 540: 539: 536: 533: 531: 528: 526: 523: 521: 518: 517: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 495: 490: 484: 482: 476: 473: 469: 465: 460: 458: 454: 450: 445: 443: 438: 433: 431: 427: 426:Susan McClary 423: 422: 417: 413: 409: 405: 401: 397: 390: 382: 380: 377: 373: 369: 365: 360: 358: 357:women's roles 354: 353: 348: 344: 340: 336: 331: 329: 328:E. Ann Kaplan 325: 321: 317: 316: 309: 306: 302: 301: 293: 285: 283: 280: 279:David Riesman 276: 271: 268: 264: 259: 257: 253: 249: 245: 244:Richard Wolin 241: 236: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 210: 205: 203: 201: 197: 193: 189: 184: 182: 178: 174: 173:E. Ann Kaplan 170: 166: 165:Madonna-ology 162: 158: 154: 153:Janice Radway 150: 146: 142: 134: 132: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 103: 101: 97: 96:E. 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