492:(Plans I and II); again with forceful US backing. These documents both involved full voting rights for all persons resident in the territory, including those Polisario had referred to as "settlers", irrespective of what MINURSO's voter identification commission had arrived at. The first Baker plan was circulated as a draft, and energetically supported by Morocco, but after Polisario voiced equally strong opposition, it was discarded by the Security Council. In contrast, the latter, more detailed version was sponsored by a UN Security Council resolution (
36:
500:
to the throne, in 1999, Morocco had reneged on its 1991 and 1997 agreements on a vote on independence. Polisario argued that
Morocco had thus broken a main condition of the 1991 cease-fire agreement, which had wholly hinged on the independence referendum, but despite this, it did not resume fighting.
484:
mission, tasked with keeping the peace and organizing the vote on independence, concluded its pre-referendum voter registration in 1999, with a preliminary list of approximately 85,000 voters. Morocco protested the exclusion of large numbers of people it had claimed were of
Western Saharan descent,
430:
The first round of talks took place on June 18–19, 2007 during which both parties agreed to resume talks on August 10–11. The second round ended with no breakthroughs, but parties agreed again to meet for another round. During the last round which took place between
January 8 and 9, 2008, parties
504:
Another deadlock ensued, during which
Morocco made it known that it was readying a proposal for autonomy under Moroccan sovereignty. Polisario agreed to enter autonomy as a third option on the referendum ballot, but refused to discuss any referendum that did not allow for the possibility of
469:) in 1992. Because of disagreements over who should be allowed to vote, the referendum was repeatedly postponed. Morocco had brought large numbers of illegal settlers into the territory to outweigh the indigenous vote. Polisario insisted on the 1991 agreement's use of a Spanish
485:
who had been refused voting rights after interviews by MINURSO on-site inspection teams, and subsequently refused to accept the survey. When the kingdom launched some 130,000 individual appeals, UN officials admitted that the process had again entered a deadlock.
496:) in the summer of 2003, and thereafter cautiously accepted by Polisario, allegedly after strong Algerian pressure. However, it was categorically refused by Morocco on the grounds that it included independence as a ballot option; after the arrival of
992:
473:, taken immediately before the Moroccan occupation in 1975, as the basis of voter registration. Morocco, for its part, argued that these people were in fact Sahrawis, and that no vote could take place without them.
71:
431:
agreed on "the need to move into a more intensive and substantive phase of negotiations". A fourth round of talks was held from 18 March to 19 March 2008. The negotiations were being supervised by
556:
305:
424:
315:
232:
310:
972:
371:
967:
166:
977:
420:
962:
1002:
408:. They were considered the first direct negotiations in seven years between the two parties. Also present at the negotiations were the neighboring countries of
987:
725:
423:
of April 30, 2007 which urged both parties to "enter into direct negotiations without preconditions and in good faith." The resolution also stipulated the
227:
172:
947:
942:
997:
905:
611:
852:
For an extensive review of the voter registration process, especially its early stages, by a top UN responsible at the time, see Erik Jensen,
982:
364:
320:
151:
94:
454:
The
Manhasset rounds can be considered as the third attempt to reach a peaceful solution for the Western Sahara conflict. In 1991, a
957:
952:
357:
345:
733:
286:
222:
1007:
704:
296:
281:
156:
146:
84:
869:
65:
771:
663:
837:
738:
616:
601:
542:
696:
669:
577:
405:
264:
217:
212:
27:
607:
566:
497:
207:
562:
257:
675:
807:"Secretary-General appoints Peter van Walsum of the Netherlands as Personal Envoy for Western Sahara"
476:
In 1997, after US-backed mediation, Morocco and the
Polisario Front went through what is known as the
910:
436:
915:
627:
393:
632:
761:
Report of the
Secretary General on the status of the negotiations on Western Sahara, 29 June 2007
585:
523:
506:
459:
202:
130:
125:
120:
60:
597:
536:
477:
330:
274:
35:
552:
530:
432:
252:
873:
841:
570:
455:
401:
325:
110:
79:
55:
806:
493:
814:
644:
443:
197:
89:
50:
936:
650:
115:
622:
488:
Starting in 2000, there were new attempts to salvage the peace process, like the
772:"Western Sahara: UN-led talks end with parties pledging to step up negotiations"
439:
269:
697:"Morocco and Polisario Front to hold second meeting to resolve 32-year dispute"
489:
462:
413:
335:
866:
522:
The only member of the
Moroccan delegation absent at Manhasset II-IV was
192:
526:, the former Delegate Minister to the Interior. The participants were:
392:) were a series of talks that took place in four rounds in 2007–2008 at
834:
481:
409:
397:
161:
794:
546:
470:
877:
505:
independence, arguing that such a referendum could not constitute
466:
16:
2007–2008 talks between
Morocco and the Saharawi Polisario Front
425:
United
Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
993:
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic–United States relations
465:(between integration to Morocco and independence as the
647:, Ambassador, adviser at the Foreign Affairs Ministry
427:(MINURSO) mission extension until October 31, 2007.
480:which restarted the referendum process. The UN's
421:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1754
584:Other top-level government officials from the
365:
8:
372:
358:
18:
973:January 2008 events in the United States
867:Behind the Baker Plan for Western Sahara
533:, Interior Minister and lead negotiator,
968:August 2007 events in the United States
688:
295:
243:
183:
138:
102:
42:
26:
978:March 2008 events in the United States
854:Western Sahara. Anatomy of a Stalemate
795:afrol News - W. Sahara talks continues
419:The negotiations were a result of the
963:June 2007 events in the United States
404:, the Polisario Front to resolve the
7:
1003:United States and the United Nations
619:, Polisario representative at the UN
604:and Head of the Polisario delegation
458:was concluded, which planned for a
588:were also part of the delegation.
555:, head of Morocco's intelligence (
152:Political status of Western Sahara
74:Saguia el Hamra and Wadi el Dhahab
14:
678:, adviser at the Foreign Ministry
610:, an adviser to Polisario leader
509:in the legal sense of the term.
400:and the representatives of the
34:
988:Morocco–United States relations
948:2008 in international relations
943:2007 in international relations
734:United Nations Security Council
653:, Algerian Ambassador to the UN
998:Morocco and the United Nations
856:(Lynne Rienner, December 2004)
565:, then Wali (governor) of the
72:Movement for the Liberation of
1:
890:"عميد المساجين مدير للسجون".
983:Western Sahara peace process
705:International Herald Tribune
402:Saharawi liberation movement
157:Foreign relations of Morocco
147:Annexation of Western Sahara
85:Sahrawi National Union Party
390:Manhasset I, II, III and IV
66:Moroccan Army of Liberation
1024:
664:Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar
576:CORCAS Secretary General
958:2008 in New York (state)
953:2007 in New York (state)
726:"Resolution 1754 (2007)"
602:Sahrawi National Council
543:Khalihenna Ould Errachid
670:Abderrahim Ould Hadrami
578:Maoulainine Khallihenna
406:Western Sahara conflict
28:Western Sahara conflict
22:Part of a series on the
672:, Ambassador to the UN
567:Oued Ed-Dahab-Lagouira
498:Mohammed VI of Morocco
442:'s personal envoy for
386:Manhasset negotiations
341:Manhasset negotiations
173:Royal Advisory Council
906:"Moroccan delegation"
666:, Ambassador to Spain
569:region and cousin of
316:UN referendum mission
213:Independence Intifada
911:Maghreb Arabe Presse
608:Bachir Radhi Segaiar
456:cease-fire agreement
437:UN Secretary General
321:ICJ Advisory Opinion
228:2020–present clashes
223:Arab Spring protests
167:Politics of the SADR
1008:Manhasset, New York
600:, President of the
563:Mohamed Saleh Tamek
539:, Foreign Minister,
398:Moroccan government
394:Manhasset, New York
311:UN visiting mission
265:Sahrawi nationality
175:for Saharan Affairs
95:Partition agreement
894:. 23 January 2014.
872:2006-12-10 at the
840:2007-10-10 at the
612:Mohammed Abdelaziz
586:Southern Provinces
524:Fouad Ali El Himma
507:self-determination
460:self-determination
203:Western Sahara War
126:Tiris al-Gharbiyya
121:Southern Provinces
61:Greater Mauritania
880:, August 1, 2003)
676:Abdelhafid Hemmaz
598:Mahfoud Ali Beiba
537:Taieb Fassi Fihri
478:Houston Agreement
382:
381:
346:Autonomy Proposal
331:Houston Agreement
275:Moroccan settlers
1015:
927:
926:
924:
923:
914:. Archived from
902:
896:
895:
887:
881:
863:
857:
850:
844:
832:
826:
825:
823:
822:
811:
803:
797:
792:
786:
785:
783:
782:
768:
762:
759:
753:
752:
750:
749:
743:
737:. Archived from
730:
722:
716:
715:
713:
712:
701:
693:
553:Yassine Mansouri
531:Chakib Benmoussa
433:Peter van Walsum
374:
367:
360:
38:
19:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:
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1012:
933:
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930:
921:
919:
904:
903:
899:
889:
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874:Wayback Machine
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860:
851:
847:
842:Wayback Machine
833:
829:
820:
818:
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800:
793:
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780:
778:
770:
769:
765:
760:
756:
747:
745:
741:
728:
724:
723:
719:
710:
708:
699:
695:
694:
690:
685:
660:
641:
594:
592:Polisario Front
571:Ali Salem Tamek
520:
515:
452:
388:(also known as
378:
326:Settlement Plan
291:
239:
177:
174:
111:Saguia el-Hamra
80:Polisario Front
76:
73:
56:Greater Morocco
17:
12:
11:
5:
1021:
1019:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
935:
934:
929:
928:
897:
882:
865:Toby Shelley,
858:
845:
827:
815:United Nations
798:
787:
776:UN News Centre
763:
754:
717:
687:
686:
684:
681:
680:
679:
673:
667:
659:
656:
655:
654:
648:
645:Abdallah Baali
640:
637:
636:
635:
630:
628:Mohamed Khadad
625:
620:
617:Ahmed Boukhari
614:
605:
593:
590:
582:
581:
574:
560:
550:
545:, Chairman of
540:
534:
519:
516:
514:
511:
451:
448:
444:Western Sahara
380:
379:
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369:
362:
354:
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349:
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333:
328:
323:
318:
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308:
306:UN resolutions
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279:
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261:
260:
249:
246:
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238:
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208:First Intifada
205:
200:
198:Zemla Intifada
195:
189:
186:
185:
181:
180:
179:
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171:
169:
164:
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133:
128:
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118:
113:
105:
104:
100:
99:
98:
97:
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90:Madrid Accords
87:
82:
77:
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68:
63:
58:
53:
51:Spanish Sahara
45:
44:
40:
39:
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1020:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
940:
938:
918:on 2007-09-27
917:
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912:
907:
901:
898:
893:
886:
883:
879:
875:
871:
868:
862:
859:
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849:
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831:
828:
817:
816:
808:
802:
799:
796:
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788:
777:
773:
767:
764:
758:
755:
744:on 2007-06-09
740:
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718:
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706:
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689:
682:
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651:Youcef Yousfi
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329:
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322:
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314:
312:
309:
307:
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303:
302:
301:
298:
297:Peace process
294:
288:
285:
283:
282:Moroccan Wall
280:
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57:
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52:
49:
48:
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46:
41:
37:
33:
32:
29:
25:
21:
20:
920:. Retrieved
916:the original
909:
900:
891:
885:
861:
853:
848:
830:
819:. Retrieved
813:
801:
790:
779:. Retrieved
775:
766:
757:
746:. Retrieved
739:the original
732:
720:
709:. Retrieved
703:
691:
633:Sidi M. Omar
623:Brahim Ghali
583:
521:
503:
487:
475:
453:
429:
418:
396:between the
389:
385:
383:
340:
287:Human rights
513:Delegations
440:Ban Ki-moon
270:Green March
937:Categories
922:2007-08-13
821:2007-08-13
781:2008-01-09
748:2007-08-13
711:2007-08-13
683:References
658:Mauritania
490:Baker Plan
463:referendum
450:Background
414:Mauritania
336:Baker Plan
218:Gdeim Izik
116:Río de Oro
43:Background
131:Free Zone
870:Archived
838:Archived
494:SCR 1495
253:Refugees
233:Timeline
193:Ifni War
139:Politics
892:الأسبوع
835:MINURSO
639:Algeria
518:Morocco
482:MINURSO
410:Algeria
184:Clashes
162:Makhzen
103:Regions
547:CORCAS
471:census
244:Issues
878:MERIP
810:(pdf)
742:(pdf)
729:(PDF)
700:(pdf)
258:camps
557:DGED
467:SADR
412:and
384:The
939::
908:.
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731:.
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446:.
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416:.
925:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
