877:
124:
727:
454:
31:
242:
765:(submarines equipped with more antiaircraft weaponry) to escort U-boats out of base and encouraged commanders to remain on the surface and fire back at attacking craft rather than trying to escape by diving. However, U-flak was short-lived, as opposing pilots adapted their tactics. Equipping submarines with
746:
that could be set to detonate at specific depths, and later when in proximity with large metal objects replaced anti-submarine bombs that detonated on contact. Patrol aircraft also carried defensive armament which was necessary when patrolling areas close to enemy territory such as Allied operations
428:
In the decades following the Second World War, the MPA missions were partially taken over by aircraft derived from civilian airliners. These had range and performance factors better than most of the wartime bombers. The latest jet-powered bombers of the 1950s did not have the endurance needed for
1122:. Although the enemy ship was hit and sunk, the captain of a British submarine claimed to have fired a torpedo simultaneously and sunk the ship. It was further stated that the British submarine E14 had attacked and immobilised the ship four days earlier.
437:
submarines. These were countered by the NATO fleets, the NATO patrol planes mentioned above, and by sophisticated underwater listening systems. These span the so-called "GIUK Gap" of the North
Atlantic that extends from Greenland to Iceland, to the
700:, the threat of a large-scale submarine attack is a remote one, and many of the air forces and navies have been downsizing their fleets of patrol planes. Those still in service are still used for search-and-rescue, counter-smuggling, anti
901:(MAD) to detect the iron in a submarine's hull. The MAD sensor is typically mounted on an extension from the tail or is trailed behind the aircraft on a cable to minimize interference from the metal in the rest of the aircraft;
1857:
429:
long, overwater patrolling, and they did not have the low loitering speeds necessary for antisubmarine operations. The main threat to NATO maritime supremacy throughout the 1960s, 1970s, and the 1980s was
277:, which had begun to be replaced by monoplanes just before the outbreak of war. The British in particular used obsolete bombers to supplement purpose-built aircraft for maritime patrol, such as the
1770:
446:. Air bases for NATO patrol planes have also been located in these areas: U.S. Navy and Canadian aircraft based in Greenland, Iceland, and Newfoundland; British aircraft based in Scotland and
938:
A modern military maritime patrol aircraft typically carries a dozen or so crew members, including relief flight crews, to effectively operate the equipment for 12 hours or more at a time.
2432:
670:
bomber. However, the type was soon supplemented and eventually replaced by new aircraft, such as the P2V and later the P-3C, which later became the sole ASW type operated by the service.
412:, which enhanced the ability of aircraft to find and destroy submarines, especially at night and in poor weather. Another area of advancement was the adoption of increasingly effective
166:
were the only aircraft capable of staying aloft for the longer ten hour patrols whilst carrying a useful payload while shorter-range patrols were mounted with landplanes such as the
1063:
420:, while US Navy aircraft transitioned from an upper light blue-gray and lower white to an all-over dark blue due to the increasing threat of Japanese forces at night-time.
2048:
825:
While anti-submarine warfare is the main role of patrol aircraft, their large payload capability has seen them fitted for various weaponry outside their nominal role. The
1854:
1344:
1400:
2425:
1114:
The first air attack using a torpedo dropped by an aeroplane was carried out by Flight
Commander Charles H. K. Edmonds, flying a Short 184 seaplane from
1774:
738:
The earliest patrol aircraft carried bombs and machine guns. Between the wars the
British experimented with equipping their patrol aircraft with the
2418:
1723:
1701:
876:
721:
1629:
557:, the P-3 has been operated by the air forces and navies of United States, Japan, Canada, Australia, Iran, Brazil, Germany, the Netherlands,
1518:
2513:
573:
1916:
1591:
celebrating200years.noaa.gov Top Tens: Breakthroughs: Hydrographic Survey
Techniques: Acoustic Survey Methods: Radio Acoustic Ranging
1060:
2403:
2371:
2353:
2317:
2302:
2280:
2265:
2247:
2229:
2209:
2180:
2162:
2129:
2106:
1978:
1501:
1481:
1320:
1215:
1170:
1093:
1015:
980:
648:
229:. The success of long range patrol aircraft led to the development of fighters specifically designed to intercept them, such as the
39:
1994:
123:
1660:
947:
416:
schemes, which led to the widespread adoption of white paint schemes in the
Atlantic to reduce the warning available to surfaced
1960:
177:
As the conflict continued, numerous aircraft were developed specifically for the role, including small flying boats such as the
923:) for detecting exhaust streams and other sources of heat and are useful in monitoring shipping movements and fishing activity.
270:
150:, primarily on anti-submarine patrols. France, Italy and Austria-Hungary used large numbers of smaller patrol aircraft for the
2114:
2462:
1816:
1601:
2028:
398:
383:
1879:
639:
flying boat was designed to meet a
Japanese requirement for a new ASW platform. A modernised derivative of the PS-1, the
907:- self-contained sonar transmitter/receivers dropped into the water to transmit data back to the aircraft for analysis;
2713:
2583:
2524:
1590:
895:
to detect surface shipping movements. Radar can also detect a submarine snorkel or periscope, and the wake it creates.
405:
387:
282:
401:, a dedicated MPA variant adopted in large numbers by the US Navy, which saw service late on in the Pacific theatre.
659:
374:, or "Black Gap", a space in which Axis submarines could prey on Allied shipping out of reach of MPAs, the British
1357:
Kline, R. C. and
Kubarych, S. J., Blimpron 14 Overseas, 1944. Naval Historical Center, Navy Yard, Washington D. C.
2633:
898:
731:
325:
210:
225:, influenced development elsewhere resulting in the replacement of wooden hulls with metal ones, such as on the
2743:
2738:
1745:
920:
682:
617:
379:
364:
822:
that raised the probability of a kill against a submarine to a near-certainty as long as detonation occurred.
143:
324:
A number of special-purpose aircraft were also used in the conflict, including the
American-made twin-engine
2674:
2601:
2482:
705:
493:
139:
100:
60:
1837:
1796:
2573:
853:
766:
605:
526:
485:
357:
333:
230:
218:
167:
81:
1944:
2686:
2664:
2591:
2561:
1731:
1709:
1513:"Concise Guide to Axis Aircraft of World War II." Compiler: David Mondey, Temple Press Aerospace. 1984.
1143:
686:
663:
581:
274:
222:
1496:
Seifert, Karl-Dieter. "Der
Deutsche Luftverkehr 1926 - 1945." Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Bonn, 1996.
1397:
829:
was fitted with underwing pylons that could carry a variety of common
American weapons, including the
807:
that could detect, follow and then explode against an enemy submarine. The US Navy began fielding the
2606:
1965:
1636:
white has proved to be the most efficient concealing coloration for aircraft on anti-submarine patrol
1147:
838:
577:
504:
85:
2010:
643:
amphibian, was introduced during the early twenty-first century to succeed the PS-1. The land-based
2477:
2063:
1404:
881:
865:
629:
511:
497:
413:
394:
73:
1289:
1338:
826:
815:
759:
515:
489:
341:
337:
290:
278:
170:. A number of specialized patrol balloons were built, particularly by the British, including the
35:
1312:
1306:
529:
airliner. In addition to their ASW and SAR capabilities, most P-3Cs have been modified to carry
107:, the MPA is an important asset. To perform ASW operations, MPAs typically carry air-deployable
17:
616:, with new equipment and avionics was introduced, which included a new radar, sonar processor,
2611:
2578:
2467:
2442:
2399:
2377:
2367:
2349:
2313:
2298:
2276:
2261:
2243:
2225:
2215:
2205:
2186:
2176:
2158:
2125:
2102:
1855:"Lockheed Martin Awarded Contract to Build Outer Wing Sets for the US Navy's P-3 Orion Fleet."
1625:
1514:
1497:
1477:
1326:
1316:
1211:
1207:
1166:
1089:
1011:
976:
811:
in 1943, labelled as a mine as a security measure. It sank 37 Axis submarines during the war.
770:
690:
625:
597:
286:
138:
The first aircraft that would now be identified as maritime patrol aircraft were flown by the
89:
1898:
1232:
758:
As a result of Allied successes with patrol aircraft against U-boats, the Germans introduced
480:, was introduced, featuring various structural improvements, along with homing torpedoes and
2708:
2703:
2698:
2679:
2669:
2596:
2566:
2556:
2490:
2290:, Vol. 37, No, 12, Issue No 440, December 2009, pp. 55–70. London:IPC. ISSN 0143-7240.
1199:
857:
804:
636:
628:
had decided to terminate marketing efforts for the Atlantic, promoting a MPA variant of the
508:
458:
447:
371:
360:
329:
254:
246:
214:
171:
127:
2410:
726:
158:
and other coastal areas while the Germans and British fought over the North Sea. At first,
2519:
2472:
2032:
1920:
1913:
1883:
1861:
1820:
1664:
1308:
War, cooperation, and conflict : the European possessions in the Caribbean, 1939–1945
1067:
916:
849:
834:
819:
709:
534:
530:
465:
375:
266:
226:
198:
147:
77:
971:
Defence Committee, James Arbuthnot, Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons (2012).
453:
289:
to the same role until better aircraft became available. Blimps were widely used by the
217:
did considerable pioneering work in all aluminium aircraft structures while working for
2648:
2643:
2616:
1617:
1119:
975:. Authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited. p. 11.
830:
789:
678:
640:
545:
for ASW, but those were removed from the arsenal and scrapped decades ago. Produced in
469:
443:
306:
194:
1657:
241:
2732:
2621:
2551:
1200:
861:
785:
776:
To counter the German long-range patrol aircraft that targeted merchant convoys, the
748:
739:
601:
566:
546:
439:
353:
349:
294:
151:
693:. The Argus was superseded by the CP-140 Aurora, derived from the Lockheed Electra.
2546:
2541:
2153:
Dorr, Robert F. "Variant Briefing: Martin Flying Boats: Mariner, Mars and Marlin".
2135:
1026:
992:
808:
743:
674:
667:
652:
644:
542:
30:
1813:
1368:
1048:
2237:
1290:"Confirmed Sinkings of German U-Boats by VI Bomber Command Bombardment Aircraft."
1022:
987:
537:
missiles for attacking surface ships. American P-3s were formerly armed with the
2691:
2638:
927:
593:
589:
558:
538:
481:
473:
434:
430:
345:
310:
298:
206:
190:
2025:
666:
met their early postwar MPA needs via a stretched-fuselage modification of the
1876:
1730:. Vol. 87, no. 2924. 25 March 1965. pp. 465–466. Archived from
1006:
Panayirci, E.; Isik, C.; Ince, A.N.; Topuz, E. (2012). "5: Sensor Platforms".
793:
777:
496:, was in development, but was cancelled and eventually substituted for by the
318:
182:
178:
104:
1330:
792:
of WWII became available to cover the deep oceans, and the land air bases in
2381:
2190:
1708:. Vol. 87, no. 2918. 11 February 1965. p. 224. Archived from
888:
Maritime patrol aircraft are typically fitted with a wide range of sensors:
803:
As technology progressed the bombs and depth charges were supplemented with
522:
186:
96:
2219:
635:
Japan has developed multiple purpose-designed MPAs during this period. The
492:
airliner, begun to be introduced. During the 2000s, an improved model, the
450:; and Norwegian, Dutch, and German aircraft based in their home countries.
788:
which could be launched once to engage the enemy planes. Later, the small
27:
Military aircraft designed to reconnoiter oceans and other bodies of water
2361:
2170:
1771:"MOD seals the deal on nine new Maritime Patrol Aircraft to keep UK safe"
904:
797:
781:
697:
409:
314:
262:
163:
155:
108:
2199:
1995:"Japan's defense industry is super excited about this amphibious plane."
2529:
2457:
1144:
The Felixstowe Flying-Boats: Historic Military Aircraft No. 11 Part 1".
1118:
on 12 August 1915, against a 5,000 ton Turkish supply ship in the
842:
752:
302:
202:
112:
484:. During the late 1960s, a jet-powered replacement in the form of the
2536:
701:
621:
562:
554:
472:
bomber – in anticipation of a rapid expansion of the
417:
390:
258:
926:
Visual inspection using the aircrew's eyes, in some cases aided by
2157:, Volume 7, 1997, pp. 114–133. London: Aerospace Publishing,
931:
910:
892:
875:
725:
550:
452:
240:
159:
122:
518:, which remained in service into the early twenty-first century.
221:
and built four large patrol flying boats, the last of which, the
722:
RAF Coastal Command during World War II § Pre-war equipment
2414:
503:
The U.S. Navy flew a mixture of MPAs, including the land-based
2115:"H2S Radar in Bomber Command and ASV Radar in Coastal Command"
1751:. House of Commons Defence Select Committee. 19 September 2012
476:'s submarine force. An improved model of the Shackleton, the
1086:
The Rand McNally encyclopedia of military aircraft, 1914-1980
340:, the Catalina was gradually superseded by the longer-ranged
115:
and are usually capable of extended flight at low altitudes.
2082:
The Vickers Wellington I & II (Aircraft in Profile 125)
1803:. (Washington). Associated Press. 19 March 1949. p. 2.
213:
whose developments saw service until 1938. During the war,
2097:
Bridgeman, Leonard. "The Consolidated Vultee Privateer."
2026:"Sky-High Expectations for Japan's P-X and C-X Aircraft."
2011:"Giant Amphibian - Japan has one godzilla of a seaplane."
514:. During the 1970s, the P2V was entirely replaced by the
397:
for the era. The B-24 was also used at the basis for the
2312:. London: BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation), 1978.
2275:. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, 1975.
2122:
Canadians on Radar: Royal Canadian Air Force 1940 - 1945
1398:"Scouting and Early Attacks from Midway, 3–4 June 1942".
584:
was developed by a French-led multinational consortium,
565:, Spain, and Taiwan. The Canadian version is called the
404:
During the conflict, there were several developments in
2260:
Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland (USA) 1990,
2084:. Leatherhead, Surrey: Profile Publications Ltd., 1967.
468: – a specialised MPA derivative of the
293:, especially in the warmer and calmer latitudes of the
2332:
The Short Sunderland (Aircraft in Profile number 189).
2327:. Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications, 1967.
1163:
The German Giants, The Story of the R-planes 1914-1919
1008:
Principles of Integrated Maritime Surveillance Systems
913:
sensors to monitor communications and radar emissions;
704:, antipoaching of marine life, the enforcement of the
586:
Société d'Étude et de Construction de Breguet Atlantic
2391:
File # 023. London: Bright Star Publishing Ltd, 1997.
2286:
Jarrett, Philip. "Database:The Sopwith 1½ Strutter".
95:
Among other maritime surveillance resources, such as
76:
designed to operate for long durations over water in
2036:
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Scope Quarterly Newsletter
1602:
Anonymous, "Ocean's Depth Measured By Radio Robot,"
784:", which was a merchant vessel equipped with a lone
624:
anti-shipping missile. By 2005, French manufacturer
2657:
2506:
2499:
2450:
1051:
Airship Heritage Trust. Retrieved on 18 March 2009.
2175:(Rev. and expanded 2nd ed.). London: Putnam.
2049:"Honeywell to Outfit Japan P-1 Maritime Aircraft."
1165:(3rd ed.). London: Putnam. pp. 124–129.
1979:"Dassault offers Falcon 900 for maritime patrol."
1476:(1st ed.). London: Crecy. pp. 124–129.
841:, rocket pods, sea mines, and the standard issue
328:flying boats, and the large, four-engine British
197:. Developments of the Felixstowe served with the
2394:Winchester, Jim. "Consolidated B-24 Liberator."
2224:(new edition 1987 by Putnam Aeronautical Books,
1233:"New Transport Plane Can Be Converted To Bomber"
2396:Aircraft of World War II: The Aviation Factfile
880:The latest in maritime aircraft is the US Navy
363:trimotor flying boat, as well as the converted
273:, as well as older biplane designs such as the
2363:Water- en transportvliegtuigen wereldoorlog II
1459:
464:During the late 1940s, the RAF introduced the
2426:
1474:Aircraft of the Third Reich : Volume One
1377:Deutsche U-Boote 1935–1945 – u-boot-archiv.de
814:The Cold War era saw the introduction of the
8:
1343:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
620:camera turret, and the ability to carry the
608:. During the 1980s, an updated version, the
588:(SECBAT). Operators of the type include the
257:patrol airplanes were converted from either
174:of which 158 were built including subtypes.
1702:"Aircraft Decisions: Mr Wilson's Statement"
1010:. United States: Springer US. p. 188.
2503:
2433:
2419:
2411:
2341:, Volume 29, no. 4, issue 235, April 2001.
1447:
1249:
2398:. Hoo, Kent, UK: Grange Books plc, 2004.
2256:Swanborough, Gordon and Peter M. Bowers.
2099:Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II.
1844:. (Moscow). Associated Press. p. 6C.
1206:(2nd ed.). London: Putnam. pp.
1088:. San Diego: Military Press. p. 88.
988:"Fifth Report of Session 2012-13, Vol. 1"
864:in order for it to be able to attack any
681:from a civilian airliner. Similarly, the
2348:. London: Putnam, Fourth edition, 1978.
1935:Elvert, Schirmann and Lang 2008, p. 182.
1578:
29:
2258:United States Navy aircraft since 1911.
1074:pt.3, ch.V. Retrieved on 28 March 2009.
963:
651:(JMSDF) as a replacement for the aging
647:was introduced during the 2010s by the
525:engines, is derived from the 1950s era
2273:Famous Bombers of the Second World War
1566:
1336:
1311:. New York: Greenwood Press. pp.
1202:German Aircraft of the First World War
1185:
2337:Septer, Dirk. "Canada's Stranraers."
2239:Echoes of War: The Story of H2S Radar
1409:United States Naval Historical Center
1231:Bonnier Corporation (November 1937).
833:anti-ship missile, the air-to-ground
348:, there were the long-range Japanese
7:
2201:Japanese aircraft of the Pacific War
1557:Swanborough and Bowers 1990, p. 106.
1198:Gray, Peter; Thetford, Owen (1970).
1110:Guinness Book of Air Facts and Feats
868:patrol planes they might encounter.
2334:London: Profile Publications, 1967.
1161:Haddow, G.W.; PeterM Grosz (1988).
919:(sometimes referred to as FLIR for
249:maritime reconnaissance flying boat
2514:Airborne early warning and control
1961:Military Aircraft Directory Part 1
1305:André., Baptiste, Fitzroy (1988).
1239:. Bonnier Corporation. p. 64.
796:became available in mid-1943 from
574:North Atlantic Treaty Organization
25:
2389:World Aircraft Information Files,
2346:British Naval Aircraft since 1912
2064:Global Security.com - ASW Sensors
1797:"Big Navy bomber flies from ship"
1293:Planes and Pilots of World War 2,
649:Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
572:During the 1960s, in response to
40:Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
1689:World Aircraft Information Files
1411:, 1999. Retrieved: 18 June 2010.
948:List of maritime patrol aircraft
201:until the mid 20s, and with the
68:, or by the older American term
18:Maritime reconnaissance aircraft
2325:The Armstrong Whitworth Whitley
1836:Barbour, John (July 14, 1990).
1151:, 2 December 1955, pp. 842–846.
482:Mk 101 Lulu nuclear depth bombs
271:Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra
1914:"CP-140 Aurora Modernization."
1746:"Future Maritime Surveillance"
1295:2000. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
755:starting out from their base.
66:maritime surveillance aircraft
1:
1606:, December 1938, pp. 828-830.
689:from a British airliner, the
356:flying boats, and the German
285:, while the US relegated the
2198:Francillon, René J. (1979).
2172:Lockheed aircraft since 1913
2169:Francillon, René J. (1987).
1548:Bridgeman 1946, pp. 217–218.
973:Future Maritime Surveillance
860:missiles in 1982 during the
716:Armament and countermeasures
610:Atlantic Nouvelle Génération
2360:Van der Klaauw, B. (1977).
2120:. In Grande, George (ed.).
1838:"Retooling the war machine"
406:air-to-surface-vessel radar
388:Consolidated B-24 Liberator
283:Armstrong-Whitworth Whitley
2760:
2090:Shorts Aircraft since 1900
1926:Retrieved: 18 August 2010.
1826:. Retrieved: 15 June 2010.
1679:Jones 2002, pp. 93, 95–96.
1670:. Retrieved: 10 July 2008.
1668:The Shackleton Association
1504:. (in German) pp. 303-304.
1420:Norris 1967, pp. 7, 10–11.
945:
773:made them harder to find.
719:
660:Royal Australian Air Force
457:Interior of a French Navy
1899:"Lockheed CP-140 Aurora."
1860:18 September 2011 at the
899:Magnetic anomaly detector
732:Consolidated PBY Catalina
708:, and enforcement of the
580:(RFP) for a new MPA, the
521:The P-3, powered by four
326:Consolidated PBY Catalina
269:which started out as the
211:Naval Aircraft Factory PN
2236:Lovell, Bernard (1991).
2014:Air & Space Magazine
1950:, 27 June 1981. p. 2014.
1904:Retrieved: 30 June 2011.
1889:Retrieved: 14 July 2010.
1622:The Herring Gull's World
1084:Enzo, Angelucci (1983).
1072:A History of Aeronautics
921:forward looking infrared
837:, as many as ten of the
818:, a depth charge with a
706:exclusive economic zones
683:Royal Canadian Air Force
618:forward-looking infrared
393:, which had a very long
386:introduced the American
380:Royal Canadian Air Force
365:Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor
101:unmanned aerial vehicles
47:maritime patrol aircraft
2297:. Crowood Press, 2002.
2113:Campbell, W.P. (2000).
1801:Spokane Daily Chronicle
1658:"The Shackleton Story."
1624:. Collins. p. 14.
1539:Winchester 2004, p. 57.
1472:Green, William (2010).
1403:April 13, 2010, at the
1261:Septer 2001, pp. 60–61.
1237:Popular Science Monthly
1061:British Airship Design.
845:general purpose bombs.
767:radar warning receivers
742:. During World War II,
734:dropping a depth charge
632:corporate jet instead.
494:BAE Systems Nimrod MRA4
358:Blohm & Voss BV 138
140:Royal Naval Air Service
61:reconnaissance aircraft
2101:London: Studio, 1946.'
2038:, No.73. October 2007.
1924:Canadian Naval Review.
1133:Thetford 1978, p. 198.
1112:(3rd ed.). 1977.
885:
854:Hawker Siddeley Nimrod
735:
606:Royal Netherlands Navy
488:, a derivation of the
486:Hawker Siddeley Nimrod
461:
250:
231:Hansa-Brandenburg W.29
219:Luftschiffbau Zeppelin
130:
82:anti-submarine warfare
80:roles — in particular
42:
2088:Barnes, C.H. (1967).
2066:accessdate:March 2014
1429:Johnson 1978, p. 229.
879:
729:
696:Since the end of the
687:Canadair CP-107 Argus
664:Royal Australian Navy
582:Breguet 1150 Atlantic
578:Request for Proposals
456:
442:, to Scotland in the
370:To finally close the
344:flying boat. For the
275:Supermarine Stranraer
244:
223:Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.IV
144:Aéronautique Maritime
126:
33:
2323:Moyes, Philip J. R.
2000:, 10 September 2015.
1982:Flight International
1966:Flight International
1948:Flight International
1882:28 July 2010 at the
1728:Flight International
1724:"The Maritime Comet"
1706:Flight International
1270:Andrews 1967, p. 14.
1070:Charles Vivian, E.,
1066:15 June 2011 at the
1039:Jarrett 2009, p. 59.
839:CBU-100 Cluster Bomb
505:Lockheed P2V Neptune
367:airliner landplane.
332:flying boats of the
2584:Electronic warfare
2366:. Alkmaar: De Alk.
2054:, 16 February 2016.
1777:on 11 February 2017
1663:5 July 2008 at the
1460:Van der Klaauw 1977
1450:, pp. 306–307.
1405:Library of Congress
866:Argentine Air Force
630:Dassault Falcon 900
512:Grumman S-2 Tracker
498:Boeing P-8 Poseidon
181:, as well as large
168:Sopwith 1½ Strutter
74:fixed-wing aircraft
53:), also known as a
2525:Counter-insurgency
2330:Norris, Geoffrey.
2204:. London: Putnam.
2047:Minnick, Wendell.
2031:2011-06-05 at the
1945:"Maritime Muscle".
1919:2009-01-13 at the
1819:2013-05-13 at the
1647:Jones 2002, p. 43.
1581:, p. XVII-10.
1530:Green 1975, p. 85.
1438:Dorr 1987, p. 116.
1288:Conaway, William.
1279:Moyes 1967, p. 13.
886:
827:Lockheed P-3 Orion
816:nuclear depth bomb
805:Acoustic torpedoes
736:
516:Lockheed P-3 Orion
490:De Havilland Comet
462:
384:US Army Air Forces
342:Martin PBM Mariner
291:United States Navy
279:Vickers Wellington
251:
131:
43:
2726:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2579:Close air support
2443:military aircraft
2092:. London: Putnam.
1959:Penny, Stewart. "
1887:history.navy.mil.
1867:4 September 2008.
1631:978-0-00-219444-0
1604:Popular Mechanics
1367:Hofmann, Markus.
1049:SS class airship.
730:Pre–World War II
691:Bristol Britannia
626:Dassault Aviation
598:Italian Air Force
576:(NATO) issuing a
287:Douglas B-18 Bolo
90:search and rescue
86:anti-ship warfare
16:(Redirected from
2751:
2587:
2504:
2486:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2412:
2385:
2344:Thetford, Owen.
2308:Johnson, Brian.
2271:Green, William.
2253:
2223:
2194:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2140:
2134:. Archived from
2119:
2093:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2045:
2039:
2023:
2017:
2007:
2001:
1993:Simpson, James.
1991:
1985:
1976:
1970:
1969:, 4 August 1999.
1957:
1951:
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1936:
1933:
1927:
1911:
1905:
1896:
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1868:
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1827:
1824:history.navy.mil
1814:"The Seventies."
1811:
1805:
1804:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1773:. Archived from
1767:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1750:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1734:on 31 July 2013.
1720:
1714:
1713:
1712:on 31 July 2013.
1698:
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1656:Billings, Bill.
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1031:
1021:
1003:
997:
986:
968:
917:Infrared cameras
858:AIM-9 Sidewinder
856:was fitted with
780:introduced the "
710:laws of the seas
527:Lockheed Electra
459:Breguet Atlantic
448:Northern Ireland
399:PB4Y-2 Privateer
372:Mid-Atlantic gap
330:Short Sunderland
255:Second World War
247:Short Sunderland
237:Second World War
172:SS class airship
128:SS class airship
21:
2759:
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2739:Bomber aircraft
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2602:Air superiority
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2033:Wayback Machine
2024:
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2008:
2004:
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1984:, 28 June 2005.
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850:Royal Air Force
835:AGM-65 Maverick
820:nuclear warhead
790:escort carriers
724:
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637:Shin Meiwa PS-1
466:Avro Shackleton
426:
376:Royal Air Force
338:Pacific theatre
267:Lockheed Hudson
239:
227:Short Singapore
199:Royal Air Force
148:First World War
142:and the French
136:
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78:maritime patrol
55:patrol aircraft
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831:AGM-84 Harpoon
717:
714:
679:Ilyushin Il-38
677:developed the
641:ShinMaywa US-2
507:(P2V) and the
470:Avro Lancaster
444:United Kingdom
425:
422:
361:diesel-engined
307:Gulf of Mexico
265:, such as the
238:
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195:Felixstowe F.3
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2266:0-87021-792-5
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2259:
2255:
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2249:9780852743171
2245:
2242:. CRC Press.
2241:
2240:
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2230:0-85177-801-1
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2160:
2156:
2155:Wings of Fame
2152:
2141:on 2021-10-10
2137:
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2131:9780968759608
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2009:Wright, Tim.
2006:
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1579:Campbell 2000
1575:
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1188:, p. 198
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1142:Bruce, J.M. "
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749:Bay of Biscay
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2687:Surveillance
2665:Experimental
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2547:Light bomber
2542:Heavy bomber
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2154:
2143:. Retrieved
2136:the original
2121:
2098:
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2074:Bibliography
2059:
2052:Defense News
2051:
2043:
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2013:
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1791:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:the original
1765:
1753:. Retrieved
1740:
1732:the original
1727:
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1710:the original
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928:searchlights
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882:P-8 Poseidon
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809:Mark 24 mine
802:
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675:Soviet Union
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2639:Interdictor
2607:Interceptor
2516:(AEW&C)
1865:deagel.com,
1567:Lovell 1991
1383:26 December
1379:(in German)
1186:Barnes 1967
594:German Navy
590:French Navy
559:New Zealand
474:Soviet Navy
435:Warsaw Pact
431:Soviet Navy
346:Axis Powers
311:Puerto Rico
299:the Bahamas
207:Curtiss F5L
183:floatplanes
146:during the
111:as well as
109:sonar buoys
105:helicopters
103:(UAVs) and
2733:Categories
2658:Non-combat
2634:Multi-role
2567:Pathfinder
2562:Penetrator
2478:Helicopter
2468:Fixed-wing
2145:2020-09-11
1781:9 February
1755:2020-05-28
953:References
794:the Azores
778:Royal Navy
751:targeting
720:See also:
653:P-3C Orion
604:, and the
414:camouflage
382:, and the
319:the Azores
179:FBA Type C
97:satellites
2714:Transport
2612:Emergency
2557:Strategic
2483:Unmanned
2339:Aeroplane
2288:Aeroplane
1902:rcaf.com.
1842:Idahonian
1339:cite book
1331:650310469
958:Citations
905:Sonobuoys
658:Both the
523:turboprop
410:sonobuoys
336:. In the
263:airliners
187:Short 184
164:zeppelins
113:torpedoes
99:, ships,
59:maritime
2592:Intruder
2382:63363268
2191:30736593
2029:Archived
1998:The Week
1917:Archived
1880:Archived
1858:Archived
1817:Archived
1661:Archived
1620:(1953).
1401:Archived
1064:Archived
942:Examples
798:Portugal
782:CAM ship
769:and the
698:Cold War
662:and the
541:nuclear
535:Maverick
315:Trinidad
245:British
156:Adriatic
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2704:Testbed
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2491:Stealth
2463:Balloon
2458:Airship
2441:Modern
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872:Sensors
843:Mark 80
771:snorkel
753:U-boats
747:in the
531:Harpoon
418:U-boats
303:Bermuda
259:bombers
215:Dornier
205:as the
203:US Navy
119:History
92:(SAR).
84:(ASW),
72:, is a
38:of the
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2617:Escort
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2520:Attack
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702:piracy
622:Exocet
600:, the
596:, the
592:, the
563:Norway
555:Canada
391:bomber
378:, the
334:Allies
305:, the
160:blimps
2692:Scout
2680:Scout
2622:Night
2500:Roles
2485:(UAV)
2451:Types
2139:(PDF)
2118:(PDF)
1749:(PDF)
1691:1997.
1371:U 347
1210:–78.
911:ELINT
893:Radar
551:Japan
395:range
189:, or
2586:(EW)
2400:ISBN
2378:OCLC
2368:ISBN
2350:ISBN
2314:ISBN
2299:ISBN
2277:ISBN
2262:ISBN
2244:ISBN
2226:ISBN
2216:OCLC
2206:ISBN
2187:OCLC
2177:ISBN
2159:ISBN
2126:ISBN
2103:ISBN
1783:2017
1626:ISBN
1515:ISBN
1498:ISBN
1478:ISBN
1385:2014
1345:link
1327:OCLC
1317:ISBN
1212:ISBN
1167:ISBN
1090:ISBN
1012:ISBN
977:ISBN
848:The
762:flak
673:The
553:and
539:Lulu
533:and
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