191:, a type design company, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. While revenues from the sale of typesetting equipment were dwindling, they recognized a business opportunity in the design and sale of type itself, due to the changing technologies that allowed type to be independent of equipment. Bitstream, largely financed through prepayment for the type library by several newly formed imagesetting companies, developed a library of digital type that could be licensed for use by anyone. Bitstream was highly successful during the 1980s when digital design and production, desktop publishing and personal computer use became virtually universal in the Western World.
256:
239:, noted design director and former avid Linotype customer, and David Berlow former colleague at both Linotype and Bitstream. Parker joined their co-founded company, the Font Bureau, as a Consultant, Type Historian and Type Designer. In 2009, Parker released "Starling", a Roman font with a matching italic series based on the 1904 design of William Starling Burgess.
163:
equipment was in use, including complete series of Hebrew and Greek scripts. This was made possible through Parker’s organization of shared typeface development between the five separate companies in the
Linotype Group worldwide. Parker was responsible for bringing in internationally known designers
230:
Upon the closing of Pages
Software in 1995, Parker licensed the Pages patent to Design Intelligence in Seattle and joined the company as an in-house consultant. In 2000, Design Intelligence was bought by Microsoft. With that, Parker had come full circle, he had completed a process that began with
217:
In mid-1990, Parker, along with Victor
Spindler, a professional graphic designer, founded Pages Software Inc to create a design-oriented desktop publishing software package. Venture funding was secured by the end of 1991, and the product --
226:
platform. Over the next 14 months, successive commercial versions were released, including a web-page editor. However, the small NeXTSTEP installed base was insufficient to support the company, and it closed its doors in mid-1995.
234:
In 1994, Parker published evidence that the design of Times New Roman, credited to
Stanley Morison in 1931 was based on Starling Burgess' 1904 drawings for Lanston Monotype Foundry. This publication attracted the attention of
231:
Gutenberg's transformation of flexible but laborious calligraphy into modular fonts of movable type, and ended with similar digital modules of expert design that guide all aspects of a whole document's appearance.
219:
843:
858:
277:
200:, a feature-length independent film about typography, graphic design and global visual culture. He wrote the introduction for the re-issue of
128:
Parker was born in London in 1929, the son of a geologist
Russell Johnson Parker. Russell Parker was murdered in the 1949 bombing of
303:
853:
848:
281:
236:
728:
333:
148:
94:
698:
266:
155:'s assistant and heir; within two years becoming Director. Under Parker's leadership over 1,000 typefaces, including
818:
285:
270:
651:
803:
Interview, September 2010, recorded by Frank Romano, RIT Professor
Emeritus, detailed Parker's life and work.
141:
755:
581:
535:
489:
443:
397:
626:
813:
838:
833:
729:"A Tally of Types by Stanley Morison ; edited by Brooke Crutchley, introduction by Mike Parker"
132:. He had intended to follow his father into the profession, but was prevented from doing do due to
211:
184:
774:
600:
554:
508:
462:
416:
140:. He graduated with a degree in architecture and a master's in design. He then worked at the
206:
196:
160:
786:
612:
566:
520:
474:
428:
201:
169:
137:
60:
339:
180:
165:
133:
109:(1929 - February 23, 2014) was a British-born American typographer and type designer.
98:
827:
188:
152:
112:
Parker is known for rediscovering a "nameless Roman" type font and preparing it as a
173:
732:
354:
255:
129:
117:
83:
79:
676:
582:"Mike Parker, typographer who made Helvetica font a favorite, dies - CNN.com"
536:"Mike Parker, typographer who made Helvetica font a favorite, dies - CNN.com"
490:"Mike Parker, typographer who made Helvetica font a favorite, dies - CNN.com"
444:"Mike Parker, typographer who made Helvetica font a favorite, dies - CNN.com"
398:"Mike Parker, typographer who made Helvetica font a favorite, dies - CNN.com"
374:
156:
706:
223:
176:. The result was a library that became the standard of the industry.
39:
249:
159:, were added to the library making them available wherever
323:
1956 MFA: Graphic School of Design, Yale
University
89:
75:
67:
46:
25:
18:
819:Tribute page with biographical timeline (archived)
627:"The history of the Times New Roman typeface"
8:
326:1956–1957: Typographic Project for I.M. Pei
284:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
754:Elizabeth Landau, CNN (28 February 2014).
580:Elizabeth Landau, CNN (28 February 2014).
534:Elizabeth Landau, CNN (28 February 2014).
488:Elizabeth Landau, CNN (28 February 2014).
442:Elizabeth Landau, CNN (28 February 2014).
396:Elizabeth Landau, CNN (28 February 2014).
329:1957–1959: Plantin Moretus Museum, Antwerp
15:
304:Learn how and when to remove this message
844:American typographers and type designers
366:
179:In 1981, Parker left Mergenthaler with
859:British emigrants to the United States
782:
772:
608:
598:
562:
552:
516:
506:
470:
460:
424:
414:
317:1951: BA Architecture, Yale University
130:Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 108
7:
350:1996–1999: Design Intelligence, Inc.
282:adding citations to reliable sources
677:"Font Bureau People - Mike Parker"
652:"An Interview With Matthew Carter"
242:Parker died on February 23, 2014.
14:
222:-- shipped in March 1994 for the
756:"CNN Helvetica typographer dies"
254:
194:Parker was featured in the film
347:1990–1995: Pages Software, Inc.
187:, and Rob Friedman to co-found
1:
334:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
149:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
95:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
731:. Godine.com. Archived from
875:
814:Biography of Mike Parker
320:1952–1954: US Army Korea
854:Yale University alumni
344:1987–1989: The Company
142:Plantin-Moretus Museum
849:Designers from London
278:improve this section
735:on 18 December 2014
107:Mike Russell Parker
20:Mike Russell Parker
785:has generic name (
611:has generic name (
565:has generic name (
519:has generic name (
473:has generic name (
427:has generic name (
147:Parker joined the
699:"About Helvetica"
314:
313:
306:
104:
103:
57:February 23, 2014
866:
791:
790:
784:
780:
778:
770:
768:
766:
751:
745:
744:
742:
740:
725:
719:
718:
716:
714:
705:. Archived from
695:
689:
688:
686:
684:
679:. Fontbureau.com
673:
667:
666:
664:
663:
648:
642:
641:
639:
637:
623:
617:
616:
610:
606:
604:
596:
594:
592:
577:
571:
570:
564:
560:
558:
550:
548:
546:
531:
525:
524:
518:
514:
512:
504:
502:
500:
485:
479:
478:
472:
468:
466:
458:
456:
454:
439:
433:
432:
426:
422:
420:
412:
410:
408:
393:
387:
386:
384:
382:
377:. Fontbureau.com
371:
309:
302:
298:
295:
289:
258:
250:
207:A Tally of Types
56:
54:
36:
34:
16:
874:
873:
869:
868:
867:
865:
864:
863:
824:
823:
810:
800:
795:
794:
781:
771:
764:
762:
753:
752:
748:
738:
736:
727:
726:
722:
712:
710:
709:on 28 June 2014
697:
696:
692:
682:
680:
675:
674:
670:
661:
659:
650:
649:
645:
635:
633:
631:Financial Times
625:
624:
620:
607:
597:
590:
588:
579:
578:
574:
561:
551:
544:
542:
533:
532:
528:
515:
505:
498:
496:
487:
486:
482:
469:
459:
452:
450:
441:
440:
436:
423:
413:
406:
404:
395:
394:
390:
380:
378:
373:
372:
368:
363:
310:
299:
293:
290:
275:
259:
248:
210:, published by
202:Stanley Morison
170:Adrian Frutiger
138:Yale University
126:
124:Life and career
114:Starling series
63:
61:Portland, Maine
58:
52:
50:
42:
37:
32:
30:
21:
12:
11:
5:
872:
870:
862:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
826:
825:
822:
821:
816:
809:
808:External links
806:
805:
804:
799:
796:
793:
792:
746:
720:
690:
668:
643:
618:
572:
526:
480:
434:
388:
365:
364:
362:
359:
358:
357:
351:
348:
345:
342:
340:Bitstream Inc.
336:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
312:
311:
262:
260:
253:
247:
244:
220:Pages by Pages
181:Matthew Carter
166:Matthew Carter
136:. He attended
134:colorblindness
125:
122:
102:
101:
99:Bitstream Inc.
91:
90:Known for
87:
86:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
59:
48:
44:
43:
38:
27:
23:
22:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
871:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
829:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
807:
802:
801:
797:
788:
783:|author=
776:
761:
757:
750:
747:
734:
730:
724:
721:
708:
704:
700:
694:
691:
678:
672:
669:
657:
653:
647:
644:
632:
628:
622:
619:
614:
609:|author=
602:
587:
583:
576:
573:
568:
563:|author=
556:
541:
537:
530:
527:
522:
517:|author=
510:
495:
491:
484:
481:
476:
471:|author=
464:
449:
445:
438:
435:
430:
425:|author=
418:
403:
399:
392:
389:
376:
375:"Font Bureau"
370:
367:
360:
356:
352:
349:
346:
343:
341:
337:
335:
331:
328:
325:
322:
319:
316:
315:
308:
305:
297:
294:December 2011
287:
283:
279:
273:
272:
268:
263:This section
261:
257:
252:
251:
245:
243:
240:
238:
232:
228:
225:
221:
215:
213:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
192:
190:
189:Bitstream Inc
186:
182:
177:
175:
171:
167:
162:
158:
154:
153:Jackson Burke
150:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
123:
121:
119:
115:
110:
108:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
84:type designer
81:
78:
76:Occupation(s)
74:
70:
66:
62:
49:
45:
41:
28:
24:
17:
798:Other source
763:. Retrieved
759:
749:
737:. Retrieved
733:the original
723:
711:. Retrieved
707:the original
703:Gary Hustwit
702:
693:
681:. Retrieved
671:
660:. Retrieved
658:. 2011-03-02
655:
646:
634:. Retrieved
630:
621:
589:. Retrieved
585:
575:
543:. Retrieved
539:
529:
497:. Retrieved
493:
483:
451:. Retrieved
447:
437:
405:. Retrieved
401:
391:
379:. Retrieved
369:
300:
291:
276:Please help
264:
241:
233:
229:
216:
212:David Godine
205:
195:
193:
178:
174:Hermann Zapf
146:
144:in Antwerp.
127:
113:
111:
106:
105:
839:2014 deaths
834:1929 births
765:13 November
739:13 November
713:13 November
683:13 November
636:13 November
591:13 November
545:13 November
499:13 November
453:13 November
407:13 November
381:13 November
355:Font Bureau
353:2000–2014:
338:1981–1987:
332:1959–1981:
237:Roger Black
185:Cherie Cone
118:Font Bureau
97:; founding
80:Typographer
68:Nationality
828:Categories
662:2024-04-04
361:References
93:Directing
53:2014-02-23
265:does not
197:Helvetica
157:Helvetica
775:cite web
601:cite web
555:cite web
509:cite web
463:cite web
417:cite web
246:Timeline
224:NeXTSTEP
164:such as
161:Linotype
71:American
286:removed
271:sources
31: (
40:London
656:Print
787:help
767:2014
741:2014
715:2014
685:2014
638:2014
613:help
593:2014
567:help
547:2014
521:help
501:2014
475:help
455:2014
429:help
409:2014
383:2014
269:any
267:cite
172:and
116:for
82:and
47:Died
33:1929
29:1929
26:Born
760:CNN
586:CNN
540:CNN
494:CNN
448:CNN
402:CNN
280:by
204:'s
151:as
830::
779::
777:}}
773:{{
758:.
701:.
654:.
629:.
605::
603:}}
599:{{
584:.
559::
557:}}
553:{{
538:.
513::
511:}}
507:{{
492:.
467::
465:}}
461:{{
446:.
421::
419:}}
415:{{
400:.
214:.
183:,
168:,
120:.
789:)
769:.
743:.
717:.
687:.
665:.
640:.
615:)
595:.
569:)
549:.
523:)
503:.
477:)
457:.
431:)
411:.
385:.
307:)
301:(
296:)
292:(
288:.
274:.
55:)
51:(
35:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
