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593:, who had concretized and distilled painting's forms into blunt, tough, philosophically charged geometries. These specific objects inhabited a space not comfortably classifiable as either painting or sculpture. That the categorical identity of such objects was itself in question, and that they avoid easy association with well-worn and over-familiar conventions, was a part of their value for Judd.
45:, where the work is set out to expose the essence, essentials or identity of a subject through eliminating all non-essential forms, features or concepts. As a specific movement in the arts it is identified with developments in postâWorld War II Western Art, most strongly with American visual arts in the 1960s and early 1970s. Minimalism is often interpreted as a reaction to
581:, 1965), was a touchstone of theory for the formation of minimalist aesthetics. In this essay, Judd found a starting point for a new territory for American art, and a simultaneous rejection of residual inherited European artistic values. He pointed to evidence of this development in the works of an array of artists active in New York at the time, including
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nearly all-black paintings seemed to anticipate minimalism, wrote of the value of a reductive approach to art: "The more stuff in it, the busier the work of art, the worse it is. More is less. Less is more. The eye is a menace to clear sight. The laying bare of oneself is obscene. Art begins with the
366:
in New York. The width of the stripes in
Stellas's pinstripe paintings were determined by the dimensions of the lumber used for stretchers, visible as the depth of the painting when viewed from the side, used to construct the supportive chassis upon which the canvas was stretched. The decisions about
545:
up to meet
Pollock and see his work which was before we moved here, Hofmann's reaction wasâone of the questions he asked Jackson was, "Do you work from nature?" There were no still lifes around or models around and Jackson's answer was, "I am nature." And Hofmann's reply was, "Ah, but if you work by
617:
in June 1967, he declared that the minimal work of art, particularly minimal sculpture, was based on an engagement with the physicality of the spectator. He argued that work like Robert Morris's transformed the act of viewing into a type of
330:
In contrast to the previous decade's more subjective abstract expressionists, some minimalists explicitly stated that their art was not about self-expression, theirs was 'objective'. In general, minimalism's features included
601:
This movement was heavily criticised by modernist formalist art critics and historians. Some critics thought minimal art represented a misunderstanding of the modern dialectic of painting and sculpture as defined by critic
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structures on the front surface of the canvas were therefore not entirely subjective, but pre-conditioned by a "given" feature of the physical construction of the support. In the show catalog,
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One of the first artists specifically associated with minimalism was the painter Frank Stella, whose early "pinstripe" paintings (the earliest group of which are also referred to as the
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in the work were unveiled. Fried saw this displacement of the viewer's experience from an aesthetic engagement within, to an event outside of the artwork as a failure of minimal art.
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375:. There is nothing else in his painting." These reductive works were in sharp contrast to the energy-filled and apparently highly subjective and emotionally charged paintings of
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The tendency in minimal art to exclude the pictorial, illusionistic, and fictive in favor of the literal led to a movement away from painterly and toward sculptural concerns.
4013:
696:, Thames & Hudson, 2002. "The artists themselves did not like the label because of the negative implication that their work was simplistic and devoid of 'art content'."
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Another critique of minimal art concerns a fact that many artists were only designers of the projects while the actual art works were executed by unknown craftsmen.
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had painted monochromes as early as 1949, and held the first private exhibition of this work in 1950, his first public showing was the publication of the
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and, in terms of precedent among the previous generation of abstract expressionists, leaned more toward the less gestural, often somber,
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also began to showcase artists focused on geometric abstraction. In addition there were two seminal and influential museum exhibitions:
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emerged in New York in the early 1960s. Initially minimal art appeared in New York in the 60s as new and older artists moved toward
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525:'s regard for nature as the source of his own abstract expressionist paintings. A famous exchange in 1942 between Hofmann and
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had started as a painter, and ended as a creator of objects. His seminal essay, "Specific
Objects" (published in
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in
Manhattan as were Flavin's first fluorescent light works, while other leading Manhattan galleries like the
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606:, arguably the dominant American critic of painting in the period leading up to the 1960s.
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in an interview with
Dorothy Strickler (on 1964-11-02) for the Smithsonian Institution
460:). In the subsequent exhibitions of the Incoherent arts (also in the 1880s) the writer
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395:. Although Stella received immediate attention from the MoMA show, artists including
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202:, organized by the museum's Curator of Painting and Sculpture, Kynaston McShine and
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175:, Dan Flavin, Donald Judd and others. Judd's sculpture was showcased in 1964 at the
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noted, "Art excludes the unnecessary. Frank Stella has found it necessary to paint
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293:, and others. Minimalism was also a reaction against the painterly subjectivity of
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describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially Visual art and
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480:, red). However, this kind of activity bears more similarity to 20th century
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group of the 1960s, than to 20th century monochrome painting since
Malevich.
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RĂ©colte de la tomate par des cardinaux apoplectiques au bord de la Mer Rouge
343:, equality of parts, repetition, neutral surfaces, and industrial materials.
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heart, you will repeat yourself." To which
Jackson did not reply at all.
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art practices. Prominent artists associated with this movement include
879:
Hannah
Weitemeier, "Yves Klein, 1928â1962: International Klein Blue",
466:
PremiĂšre communion de jeunes filles chlorotiques par un temps de neige
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Tomato harvesting by apoplectic cardinals on the shore of the Red Sea
159:
and others; and sculpture in the works of various artists including
566:(1964), bismuth, chromium, gold, and rhodium on gold-plated brass;
419:
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Minimalism in visual art, generally referred to as "minimal art",
108:
18:
985:"Dia Beacon", Tiziano Thomas Dossena, Bridge Apulia USA N.9, 2003
8203:
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2019:
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901:"Restoring the Immaterial: Study and Treatment of Yves Klein's
1812:
448:' exhibition in 1882 in Paris, with a black painting by poet
2015:
269:. Minimal art is also inspired in part by the paintings of
8194:
Art in the
Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
652:
of what he is doing â namely being himself theatrical".
609:
The most notable critique of minimalism was produced by
434:. Klein was a pioneer in the development of minimal art.
230:. In the wake of those exhibitions and a few others the
589:. Of "preliminary" importance for Judd was the work of
143:; exploring via painting in the cases of Frank Stella,
969:. Biuro Uslug Promocyjnych, Universal SA. p. 554.
736:. Cologne: Snoeck Verlagsgessellschaft. p. 33.
732:
Cindy Hinant (2014). Meyer-Stoll, Christiane (ed.).
444:
Monochrome painting had been initiated at the first
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7914:
7724:
7504:
7296:
7280:
6959:
6764:
6543:
6532:
6362:
6299:
6192:
6108:
5999:
5803:
5536:
5336:
5327:
4913:
4754:
4622:
4462:
4218:
4207:
4014:
A Sunday
Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
4004:
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2258:
2053:
1942:
1850:
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1593:
1432:
1372:
1363:
1245:
1045:
464:proposed seven other monochrome paintings, such as
265:movement, and in the work of the Romanian sculptor
983:Article on Minimalist Art at the Dia Beacon Museum
867:"Minimalism | art movement | Britannica"
644:in a letter to the editor in the October issue of
470:First communion of anaemic young girls in the snow
241:The European roots of minimalism are found in the
920:Art as Art: The Selected Writings of Ad Reinhardt
648:. Smithson stated: "what Fried fears most is the
539:
8381:
5283:
2031:
1828:
1022:
411:formats from the late 50s through the 1960s.
8:
4946:
4935:
2136:
2125:
2079:
2068:
759:, June 3, 1966, "Engineer's Esthetic", p. 64
633:Fried's essay was immediately challenged by
194:shown from April 27 to June 12, 1966 at the
2207:
8388:
8374:
8366:
7293:
6540:
5333:
5290:
5276:
5268:
4215:
2870:
2264:
2038:
2024:
2016:
1835:
1821:
1813:
1369:
1029:
1015:
1007:
722:53, no. 5 (OctoberâNovember 1965): 57â69.
281:, and the works of artists as diverse as
771:, May 16, 1966, "The New Druids", p. 104
521:Reinhardt's remark directly contradicts
192:: Younger American and British Sculpture
685:
7971:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art
257:and other artists associated with the
5991:Art of the late 16th century in Milan
4872:Six Characters in Search of an Author
940:Lee Krasner, Archives of American Art
795:Systemic art, Oxford-Art encyclopedia
568:Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
403:, had also begun to explore stripes,
7:
734:Gary Kuehn: Between Sex and Geometry
488:, and particularly the works of the
622:, in which the artifice of the act
7326:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
6177:Neoclassical architecture in Milan
4074:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
352:) were included in the 1959 show,
14:
7400:American Figurative Expressionism
5736:International Gothic art in Italy
853:Minimal Art: a critical anthology
8441:
8350:
8349:
6909:Neue KĂŒnstlervereinigung MĂŒnchen
5254:
5253:
922:(New York: Viking Press, 1975):
705:Fried, M. "Art and Objecthood",
245:of painters associated with the
7831:Tunisian collaborative painting
7304:International Typographic Style
989:Tate, Definition of Minimal Art
836:Daniel Marzona, Uta Grosenick;
454:Combat de NĂšgres dans un tunnel
7584:The Caribbean Artists Movement
5021:Grosvenor School of Modern Art
5014:Fourth dimension in literature
883:(Cologne: Taschen, 1994), 15.
325:Whitney Museum of American Art
297:that had been dominant in the
218:in the American art world via
1:
5940:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
694:Styles, Schools and Movements
8055:Modern European ink painting
7427:Bay Area Figurative Movement
301:during the 1940s and 1950s.
214:also in 1966 that showcased
208:Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum
7716:Artificial intelligence art
5114:List of avant-garde artists
4098:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
8501:
7629:Post-painterly abstraction
7452:Situationist International
6826:Pennsylvania Impressionism
4972:Classical Hollywood cinema
1775:Situationist International
718:Rose, Barbara. "ABC Art",
670:List of minimalist artists
437:
8439:
8403:
8345:
7212:California Scene Painting
7091:California Scene Painting
7047:Figurative Constructivism
6098:Poussinists and Rubenists
5314:
5235:
4050:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
994:Tate Glossary: Minimalism
458:Negroes fight in a tunnel
30:, 1962, 6'8 Ă 6'8 Ă 6'8,
8310:Prehistoric European art
7959:Contemporary African art
7442:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai
7370:GeneraciĂłn de la Ruptura
6997:Universal Constructivism
6789:California Impressionism
6744:American Barbizon school
2835:The Master and Margarita
535:Archives of American Art
518:getting rid of nature."
8137:Walking Artists Network
7474:Letterist International
7314:Washington Color School
6228:Arts in the Philippines
5121:List of modernist poets
5007:Fourth dimension in art
4190:Meshes of the Afternoon
1285:Experimental literature
903:Blue Monochrome (IKB42)
8248:Illuminated manuscript
7896:The Designers Republic
7846:Neue Slowenische Kunst
7769:Pattern and Decoration
7669:Institutional critique
7309:Abstract expressionism
6289:Latin American Baroque
6245:Colonial Asian Baroque
5205:Second Viennese School
4947:
4936:
2847:The Sound and the Fury
2751:In Search of Lost Time
2208:
2137:
2126:
2080:
2069:
1551:Second Viennese School
1182:Neue Slowenische Kunst
1053:Abstract expressionism
967:Encyklopedia Guinnessa
907:Modern Paint Uncovered
570:
548:
537:. In Krasner's words:
435:
327:
295:abstract expressionism
263:Russian Constructivist
243:geometric abstractions
128:
47:abstract expressionism
35:
8397:Geometric abstraction
7886:Artist-run initiative
7861:Young British Artists
7826:New European Painting
7762:Moscow Conceptualists
7684:Feminist art movement
7462:Ukrainian underground
7437:Gutai Art Association
6836:Ten American Painters
6340:Western influence in
5317:List of art movements
5184:Reactionary modernism
5107:List of art movements
1965:Geometric abstraction
1658:Theatre of the Absurd
1581:Twelve-tone technique
1460:Electroacoustic music
965:Crofton, Ian (1991).
810:, Google books online
558:
422:
339:forms purged of much
312:
216:geometric abstraction
141:geometric abstraction
112:
22:
7696:Saqqakhaneh movement
7589:Chicano art movement
7457:Soviet Nonconformist
7263:Boston Expressionism
7246:Abstraction-Création
7064:Arbeitsrat fĂŒr Kunst
7057:Cologne Progressives
6777:Art Nouveau in Milan
6580:Anglo-Japanese style
6556:National romanticism
5986:Fontainebleau School
5896:Northern Renaissance
5731:International Gothic
5028:Hanshinkan Modernism
4884:The Threepenny Opera
4800:Pelléas et Mélisande
1643:Postdramatic theatre
1628:Experimental theatre
1165:Multidimensional art
364:Museum of Modern Art
181:Leo Castelli Gallery
32:Museum of Modern Art
16:Visual arts movement
8231:Hierarchy of genres
7796:Saint Soleil School
7732:Post-conceptual art
7701:The Stars Art Group
7579:Black Arts Movement
7542:Neo-Dada Organizers
7343:Lyrical abstraction
7076:Australian tonalism
6749:California Tonalism
6421:Hudson River School
6224:Colonial Asian art
5964:English Renaissance
5913:GhentâBruges school
5901:Early Netherlandish
5813:Italian Renaissance
5726:Gothic art in Milan
5086:International Style
4836:Afternoon of a Faun
4122:Battleship Potemkin
4026:Mont Sainte-Victoir
1990:Monochrome painting
1145:Lyrical Abstraction
825:, "Giorgio Morandi"
821:Maureen Mullarkey,
784:, Guggenheim Museum
440:Monochrome painting
432:Monochrome painting
267:Constantin BrĂąncuÈi
8273:Landscape painting
7881:New Leipzig School
7821:Neo-conceptual art
7569:Art & Language
7564:Capitalist realism
7486:Florida Highwaymen
7422:Hard-edge painting
7236:Streamline Moderne
7197:Harlem Renaissance
7040:Novecento Italiano
6868:Deutscher Werkbund
6695:Post-Impressionism
6257:Latin American art
6061:Guild of Romanists
5923:German Renaissance
5918:Northern Mannerism
4965:Buddhist modernism
4922:American modernism
4848:The Rite of Spring
2823:The Sun Also Rises
2799:The Magic Mountain
1970:Hard-edge painting
1758:Postmodernist film
1663:Theatre of Cruelty
1546:Rock in Opposition
1487:Free improvisation
1130:Post-Impressionism
1063:Art & Language
954:. 8 December 2006.
851:Gregory Battcock,
806:Lawrence Alloway,
591:George Earl Ortman
571:
507:in November 1954.
436:
415:Monochrome revival
328:
261:movement, and the
249:, in the works of
228:hard-edge painting
190:Primary Structures
129:
36:
8450:
8449:
8363:
8362:
8145:
8144:
8001:Corporate Memphis
7954:Classical Realism
7924:Amazonian pop art
7816:Appropriation art
7784:Neo-expressionism
7654:Environmental art
7559:Nouvelle tendance
7276:
7275:
7224:Socialist realism
7081:Dresden Secession
6700:Neo-Impressionism
6663:Decadent movement
6634:Heidelberg School
6528:
6527:
6426:American luminism
6411:DĂŒsseldorf School
6406:Shoreham Ancients
6396:Nazarene movement
6386:Danish Golden Age
6267:Indochristian art
5945:Antwerp Mannerism
5834:Pittura infamante
5828:Florentine School
5823:Proto-Renaissance
5265:
5264:
4993:Experimental film
4909:
4908:
4896:Waiting for Godot
4203:
4202:
2860:
2859:
2763:The Metamorphosis
2013:
2012:
1810:
1809:
1800:Russian symbolism
1785:Socialist realism
1623:Experimental film
1589:
1588:
1295:Hungry generation
1270:Conceptual poetry
1125:Neo-Impressionism
928:978-0-520-07670-9
808:Systemic Painting
782:Systemic Painting
626:and the viewer's
604:Clement Greenberg
585:, Dan Flavin and
377:Willem de Kooning
204:Systemic Painting
8490:
8463:Contemporary art
8445:
8390:
8383:
8376:
8367:
8353:
8352:
8337:Western painting
8283:Modern sculpture
8241:History painting
7944:Art intervention
7737:Installation art
7554:Nouveau réalisme
7294:
7268:Leningrad School
7160:Mexican muralism
7133:Grosvenor School
6873:American Realism
6856:Der Blaue Reiter
6814:Berlin Secession
6809:Vienna Secession
6804:Munich Secession
6722:Pont-Aven School
6541:
6391:Troubadour style
6369:(c. 1770 â 1862)
6336:Qing handicrafts
6302:Western elements
6233:Letras y figuras
6206:African-American
6201:African diaspora
6172:Directoire style
6083:Heptanese school
6066:Dutch Golden Age
6051:Stroganov School
6044:Lutheran Baroque
6039:Louis XIII style
6012:Baroque in Milan
5874:Bolognese School
5869:High Renaissance
5852:Forlivese School
5847:Ferrarese School
5570:Migration Period
5334:
5292:
5285:
5278:
5269:
5257:
5256:
5228:
5226:Vulgar modernism
5221:
5219:Underground film
5214:
5207:
5200:
5193:
5186:
5179:
5172:
5165:
5158:
5151:
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5116:
5109:
5102:
5095:
5088:
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5072:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5044:
5042:Hippie modernism
5037:
5030:
5023:
5016:
5009:
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4995:
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4960:
4958:Bloomsbury Group
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4146:Un Chien Andalou
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4110:Ballet MĂ©canique
4104:
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3367:Toulouse-Lautrec
3362:
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2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2150:
2143:
2142:
2132:
2131:
2128:Der Blaue Reiter
2121:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2085:
2075:
2074:
2064:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2017:
1899:Kazimir Malevich
1837:
1830:
1823:
1814:
1704:Russian Futurism
1648:Remodernist film
1566:Stochastic music
1521:Musique concrĂšte
1499:Microtonal music
1477:Experimental pop
1470:Industrial music
1465:Electronic music
1370:
1192:Nouveau réalisme
1100:Grosvenor School
1031:
1024:
1017:
1008:
999:MoMA, Art terms
971:
970:
962:
956:
955:
948:
942:
937:
931:
917:
911:
910:
898:
892:
881:Original-Ausgabe
877:
871:
870:
869:. 14 March 2024.
863:
857:
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786:
778:
772:
766:
760:
754:
748:
747:
729:
723:
716:
710:
703:
697:
690:
551:Specific objects
529:was recorded by
251:Kazimir Malevich
212:Lawrence Alloway
49:and a bridge to
8500:
8499:
8493:
8492:
8491:
8489:
8488:
8487:
8453:
8452:
8451:
8446:
8437:
8399:
8394:
8364:
8359:
8341:
8258:Interactive art
8141:
8115:SoFlo Superflat
8040:Kitsch movement
7964:Africanfuturism
7916:
7910:
7789:Transavantgarde
7720:
7674:Light and Space
7659:Performance art
7639:Psychedelic art
7522:Nueva Presencia
7512:Otra FiguraciĂłn
7500:
7432:Les Plasticiens
7417:New York School
7395:Action painting
7380:Metcalf Chateau
7289:
7284:
7272:
7192:Cercle et Carré
7128:New Objectivity
7035:Return to order
6977:School of Paris
6955:
6799:School of Paris
6760:
6646:Arts and Crafts
6551:Neo-romanticism
6536:
6524:
6520:Etching revival
6472:Barbizon school
6416:Pre-Raphaelites
6368:
6365:
6358:
6301:
6295:
6188:
6162:Louis XVI style
6104:
6093:Louis XIV style
6056:Animal painting
6017:Flemish Baroque
5995:
5906:World landscape
5857:Venetian School
5799:
5786:Majorcan school
5753:Novgorod School
5743:Lucchese School
5715:Opus Anglicanum
5707:Norman-Sicilian
5651:Italo-Byzantine
5551:Early Christian
5532:
5516:Pompeian Styles
5329:
5323:
5310:
5296:
5266:
5261:
5252:
5244:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5212:Structural film
5210:
5203:
5196:
5189:
5182:
5175:
5168:
5163:New Objectivity
5161:
5154:
5149:Neo-romanticism
5147:
5142:Neo-primitivism
5140:
5133:
5126:
5119:
5112:
5105:
5098:
5091:
5084:
5077:
5068:
5061:
5054:
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5040:
5033:
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5019:
5012:
5005:
4998:
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4857:
4851:
4845:
4839:
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4827:
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4815:
4809:
4803:
4797:
4791:
4788:VerklÀrte Nacht
4785:
4779:
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4017:
4011:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3944:
3937:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3888:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3860:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3274:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2856:
2850:
2844:
2838:
2832:
2826:
2820:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2796:
2790:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2766:
2760:
2754:
2748:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2641:Lowell (Robert)
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2146:
2135:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2078:
2067:
2060:
2049:
2044:
2014:
2009:
1985:Minimalist film
1938:
1884:Ellsworth Kelly
1852:
1846:
1841:
1811:
1806:
1667:
1653:Structural film
1595:
1585:
1440:Aleatoric music
1428:
1359:
1247:
1241:
1202:Performance art
1041:
1035:
979:
974:
964:
963:
959:
952:"George Ortman"
950:
949:
945:
938:
934:
918:
914:
900:
899:
895:
878:
874:
865:
864:
860:
849:
845:
834:
830:
819:
815:
804:
800:
793:
789:
779:
775:
767:
763:
755:
751:
744:
731:
730:
726:
717:
713:
704:
700:
691:
687:
683:
661:
642:Robert Smithson
599:
579:Arts Yearbook 8
553:
541:When I brought
527:Jackson Pollock
504:Yves: Peintures
462:Alphonse Allais
446:Incoherent arts
442:
417:
358:, organized by
349:Black Paintings
319:Die Fahne Hoch!
307:
299:New York School
291:Giorgio Morandi
153:Ellsworth Kelly
107:
34:(New York City)
17:
12:
11:
5:
8498:
8497:
8494:
8486:
8485:
8480:
8475:
8470:
8465:
8455:
8454:
8448:
8447:
8440:
8438:
8436:
8435:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8415:
8413:Constructivism
8410:
8404:
8401:
8400:
8395:
8393:
8392:
8385:
8378:
8370:
8361:
8360:
8358:
8357:
8346:
8343:
8342:
8340:
8339:
8334:
8327:
8322:
8317:
8312:
8307:
8302:
8297:
8292:
8291:
8290:
8288:Late modernism
8285:
8275:
8270:
8265:
8260:
8255:
8250:
8245:
8244:
8243:
8238:
8236:Genre painting
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8212:
8211:
8206:
8201:
8196:
8186:
8184:Ballets Russes
8181:
8176:
8171:
8170:
8169:
8167:Asemic writing
8159:
8157:History of art
8153:
8151:
8150:Related topics
8147:
8146:
8143:
8142:
8140:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8123:
8122:
8117:
8107:
8102:
8097:
8092:
8087:
8085:Relational art
8082:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8057:
8052:
8047:
8042:
8037:
8032:
8031:
8030:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8008:Hypermodernism
8005:
8004:
8003:
7993:
7988:
7983:
7978:
7973:
7968:
7967:
7966:
7956:
7951:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7931:
7926:
7920:
7918:
7912:
7911:
7909:
7908:
7903:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7873:
7868:
7863:
7858:
7853:
7848:
7843:
7838:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7793:
7792:
7791:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7765:
7764:
7754:
7749:
7747:Postminimalism
7744:
7739:
7734:
7728:
7726:
7722:
7721:
7719:
7718:
7713:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7693:
7692:
7691:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7624:Generative art
7621:
7616:
7611:
7606:
7601:
7596:
7594:Conceptual art
7591:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7508:
7506:
7502:
7501:
7499:
7498:
7493:
7491:Cybernetic art
7488:
7483:
7482:
7481:
7479:Ultra-Lettrist
7476:
7466:
7465:
7464:
7454:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7414:
7409:
7408:
7407:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7366:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7353:Arte Informale
7350:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7329:
7328:
7318:
7317:
7316:
7306:
7300:
7298:
7291:
7290:(1945âpresent)
7278:
7277:
7274:
7273:
7271:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7255:
7250:
7249:
7248:
7238:
7233:
7232:
7231:
7226:
7219:Heroic realism
7216:
7215:
7214:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7157:
7156:
7155:
7153:Latin American
7150:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7123:Group of Seven
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7104:
7103:
7093:
7088:
7086:Social realism
7083:
7078:
7073:
7072:
7071:
7069:November Group
7061:
7060:
7059:
7054:
7044:
7043:
7042:
7032:
7027:
7026:
7025:
7013:
7008:
7003:
7002:
7001:
7000:
6999:
6992:Latin American
6987:Constructivism
6984:
6982:Crystal Cubism
6979:
6974:
6969:
6963:
6961:
6957:
6956:
6954:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6922:
6921:
6911:
6906:
6899:
6898:
6897:
6892:
6882:
6881:
6880:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6859:
6858:
6853:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6823:
6822:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6780:
6779:
6768:
6766:
6762:
6761:
6759:
6758:
6753:
6752:
6751:
6741:
6740:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6708:
6707:
6692:
6687:
6685:Volcano School
6682:
6681:
6680:
6675:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6654:
6653:
6643:
6638:
6637:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6620:
6619:
6614:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6583:
6582:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6559:
6558:
6547:
6545:
6538:
6530:
6529:
6526:
6525:
6523:
6522:
6517:
6516:
6515:
6510:
6509:
6508:
6493:
6492:
6491:
6490:
6489:
6479:
6474:
6464:
6459:
6458:
6457:
6447:
6442:
6440:Norwich School
6437:
6432:
6431:
6430:
6429:
6428:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6381:Fairy painting
6372:
6370:
6360:
6359:
6357:
6356:
6355:
6354:
6349:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6317:
6316:
6305:
6303:
6297:
6296:
6294:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6286:
6285:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6272:Chilote School
6264:
6262:Casta painting
6254:
6253:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6241:
6240:
6238:Tipos del PaĂs
6235:
6222:
6221:
6220:
6219:
6218:
6208:
6196:
6194:
6190:
6189:
6187:
6186:
6181:
6180:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6147:
6146:
6145:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6126:Louis XV style
6123:
6112:
6110:
6106:
6105:
6103:
6102:
6101:
6100:
6095:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6074:
6073:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6047:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6035:
6034:
6029:
6019:
6014:
6003:
6001:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5972:
5971:
5961:
5960:
5959:
5958:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5937:
5936:
5935:
5930:
5928:Cologne School
5920:
5915:
5910:
5909:
5908:
5893:
5892:
5891:
5890:
5889:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5830:
5825:
5809:
5807:
5801:
5800:
5798:
5797:
5796:
5795:
5788:
5783:
5781:Italian school
5772:
5767:
5766:
5765:
5763:Sienese School
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5739:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5718:
5711:
5710:
5709:
5699:
5698:
5697:
5692:
5682:
5677:
5676:
5675:
5673:Pre-Romanesque
5670:
5665:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5628:
5623:
5622:
5621:
5609:
5604:
5602:Donor portrait
5599:
5598:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5567:
5566:
5565:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5542:
5540:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5511:Julio-Claudian
5508:
5503:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5463:
5462:
5460:Greco-Buddhist
5452:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5400:Protogeometric
5397:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5360:
5355:
5354:
5353:
5342:
5340:
5331:
5325:
5324:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5287:
5280:
5272:
5263:
5262:
5245:
5237:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5222:
5215:
5208:
5201:
5194:
5187:
5180:
5173:
5170:Poetic realism
5166:
5159:
5152:
5145:
5138:
5131:
5124:
5117:
5110:
5103:
5100:Late modernity
5096:
5093:Late modernism
5089:
5082:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5066:
5059:
5045:
5038:
5035:High modernism
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4979:Degenerate art
4975:
4968:
4961:
4954:
4949:Ballets Russes
4943:
4932:
4925:
4917:
4915:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4891:
4879:
4867:
4855:
4843:
4831:
4819:
4807:
4795:
4783:
4771:
4758:
4756:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4748:
4741:
4734:
4727:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4699:
4692:
4685:
4678:
4671:
4664:
4657:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4628:
4626:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4468:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4435:
4428:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4316:
4309:
4302:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4239:
4232:
4224:
4222:
4213:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4185:
4173:
4163:
4153:
4141:
4129:
4117:
4105:
4093:
4081:
4069:
4057:
4045:
4033:
4021:
4008:
4006:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3893:
3886:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3836:
3834:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3702:Ray (Satyajit)
3698:
3695:Ray (Nicholas)
3691:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3396:
3394:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3377:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3160:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3132:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2964:
2957:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2879:
2877:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2842:
2830:
2818:
2806:
2794:
2787:The Waste Land
2782:
2770:
2758:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2686:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2531:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2295:
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2273:
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2262:
2256:
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2253:
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2245:
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2217:
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2197:
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2176:
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2144:
2133:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2098:Constructivism
2094:
2087:
2076:
2065:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2005:Postminimalism
2002:
1997:
1995:Neo-minimalism
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1955:Constructivism
1952:
1950:Conceptual Art
1946:
1944:
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1937:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1909:John McCracken
1906:
1901:
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1848:
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1832:
1825:
1817:
1808:
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1805:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1780:Social realism
1777:
1772:
1767:
1765:Late modernism
1762:
1761:
1760:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1738:Neo-minimalism
1735:
1733:Postminimalism
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1679:Constructivism
1675:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1638:Poetic realism
1635:
1633:Modernist film
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1599:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1571:Textural music
1568:
1563:
1561:Spectral music
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1526:New Complexity
1523:
1518:
1513:
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1496:
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1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1315:Neoavanguardia
1312:
1310:Language poets
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1265:Asemic writing
1262:
1260:Angry Penguins
1257:
1251:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
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1179:
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1167:
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1157:
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1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1073:Constructivism
1070:
1068:Conceptual art
1065:
1060:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1011:
1005:
1004:
996:
991:
986:
978:
977:External links
975:
973:
972:
957:
943:
932:
912:
893:
872:
858:
843:
828:
813:
798:
787:
773:
761:
749:
743:978-3864421099
742:
724:
720:Art in America
711:
698:
692:Dempsey, Amy.
684:
682:
679:
678:
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672:
667:
660:
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635:postminimalist
598:
595:
552:
549:
438:Main article:
416:
413:
397:Kenneth Noland
389:Barnett Newman
360:Dorothy Miller
306:
303:
287:Marcel Duchamp
271:Barnett Newman
167:, Tony Smith,
145:Kenneth Noland
133:literalist art
106:
103:
71:John McCracken
59:Nassos Daphnis
15:
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8232:
8229:
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8224:
8222:
8221:Fantastic art
8219:
8217:
8214:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
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8192:
8191:
8190:
8189:Christian art
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8090:Skeuomorphism
8088:
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8076:
8073:
8071:
8068:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8050:Massurrealism
8048:
8046:
8045:Lightpainting
8043:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8029:
8028:Post-Internet
8026:
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7913:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7901:Grunge design
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7877:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7867:
7864:
7862:
7859:
7857:
7856:Retrofuturism
7854:
7852:
7851:Scratch video
7849:
7847:
7844:
7842:
7839:
7837:
7836:Memphis Group
7834:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7811:Telematic art
7809:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7801:Guerrilla art
7799:
7797:
7794:
7790:
7787:
7786:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
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7763:
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7752:Endurance art
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7412:New media art
7410:
7406:
7403:
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7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7390:Nanyang Style
7388:
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7323:
7322:
7321:Visionary art
7319:
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7307:
7305:
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7299:
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7288:
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7210:
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7187:Scuola Romana
7185:
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7139:
7136:
7134:
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7129:
7126:
7124:
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7119:
7116:
7114:
7113:Anthropophagy
7111:
7109:
7106:
7102:
7099:
7098:
7097:
7096:Functionalism
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
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7079:
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7058:
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7038:
7037:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7024:
7023:
7019:
7018:
7017:
7016:Neoplasticism
7014:
7012:
7009:
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7004:
6998:
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6990:
6989:
6988:
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6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6920:
6919:Cubo-Futurism
6917:
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6907:
6905:
6904:
6900:
6896:
6893:
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6888:
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6878:Ashcan School
6876:
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6857:
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6846:Expressionism
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6831:Mir iskusstva
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6617:Boston School
6615:
6613:
6612:Hoosier Group
6610:
6609:
6608:
6605:
6604:
6603:
6602:Impressionism
6600:
6598:
6597:Peredvizhniki
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6587:Beuron School
6585:
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6539:
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6511:
6507:
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6502:
6501:Munich School
6499:
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6399:
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6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6315:
6312:
6311:
6310:
6307:
6306:
6304:
6300:Art borrowing
6298:
6290:
6287:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6258:
6255:
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6250:Company style
6248:
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6230:
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6173:
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6160:
6158:
6157:
6153:
6152:
6151:
6150:Neoclassicism
6148:
6144:
6143:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6118:
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6018:
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6008:
6005:
6004:
6002:
5998:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5976:Cretan School
5974:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5962:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5941:
5938:
5934:
5933:Danube school
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5919:
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5907:
5904:
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5413:
5411:
5410:Orientalizing
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5395:Sub-Mycenaean
5393:
5392:
5391:
5388:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5347:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5332:
5326:
5322:
5318:
5313:
5309:art movements
5308:
5304:
5300:
5293:
5288:
5286:
5281:
5279:
5274:
5273:
5270:
5260:
5250:
5249:
5248:Postmodernism
5243:
5242:
5234:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5216:
5213:
5209:
5206:
5202:
5199:
5195:
5192:
5191:Metamodernism
5188:
5185:
5181:
5178:
5174:
5171:
5167:
5164:
5160:
5157:
5156:New Hollywood
5153:
5150:
5146:
5143:
5139:
5136:
5132:
5129:
5125:
5122:
5118:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5104:
5101:
5097:
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5090:
5087:
5083:
5080:
5076:
5071:
5067:
5064:
5060:
5057:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5049:Impressionism
5046:
5043:
5039:
5036:
5032:
5029:
5025:
5022:
5018:
5015:
5011:
5008:
5004:
5001:
4997:
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4987:
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4707:
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4683:
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4265:
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4230:
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4136:
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4124:
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4118:
4112:
4111:
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4034:
4028:
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4022:
4016:
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4009:
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3996:
3992:
3989:
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3978:
3975:
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3922:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3908:
3905:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3883:Hundertwasser
3880:
3877:
3873:
3870:
3866:
3863:
3859:
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3849:
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3808:
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2600:
2596:
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2317:
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2300:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2260:Literary arts
2257:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:Neoplasticism
2198:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:Functionalism
2161:
2158:
2154:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:Expressionism
2116:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2091:Ashcan School
2088:
2084:
2083:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2036:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2018:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1980:Minimal music
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1919:Richard Serra
1917:
1915:
1914:Robert Morris
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
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1793:
1791:
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1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1753:Postmodernism
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1709:Cubo-Futurism
1707:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1689:Expressionism
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1659:
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1654:
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1569:
1567:
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1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1516:Music theatre
1514:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1504:Minimal music
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1450:Ars subtilior
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1350:Visual poetry
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1325:Nouveau roman
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
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1291:
1288:
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1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1232:Temporary art
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1187:Nonconformism
1185:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1170:Neoplasticism
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1160:Mir iskusstva
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1120:Impressionism
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1088:Functionalism
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1003:
1002:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
984:
981:
980:
976:
968:
961:
958:
953:
947:
944:
941:
936:
933:
929:
925:
921:
916:
913:
908:
904:
897:
894:
890:
889:3-8228-8950-4
886:
882:
876:
873:
868:
862:
859:
856:
855:, pp. 161â172
854:
847:
844:
841:
839:
832:
829:
826:
824:
817:
814:
811:
809:
802:
799:
796:
791:
788:
785:
783:
777:
774:
770:
765:
762:
758:
753:
750:
745:
739:
735:
728:
725:
721:
715:
712:
708:
702:
699:
695:
689:
686:
680:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
658:
656:
653:
651:
650:consciousness
647:
643:
640:
636:
631:
629:
628:participation
625:
621:
616:
612:
611:Michael Fried
607:
605:
596:
594:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
569:
565:
561:
557:
550:
547:
544:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
519:
516:
512:
508:
506:
505:
501:
500:artist's book
497:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
472:, white), or
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
441:
433:
429:
425:
421:
414:
412:
410:
406:
405:monochromatic
402:
398:
394:
390:
387:paintings of
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
365:
361:
357:
356:
351:
350:
344:
342:
338:
334:
326:
322:
320:
315:
311:
304:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
283:Pablo Picasso
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
255:Piet Mondrian
252:
248:
244:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
220:shaped canvas
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
196:Jewish Museum
193:
191:
186:
182:
178:
177:Green Gallery
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
127:
123:
122:Israel Museum
119:
115:
111:
104:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
83:Robert Morris
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
33:
29:
25:
21:
8473:Abstract art
8422:
8408:Concrete art
8331:Trompe-l'Ćil
8329:
8300:Outsider art
8253:Illustration
8209:Lutheran art
8199:Catholic art
8162:Abstract art
8132:Unilalianism
8095:Software art
8070:Neosymbolism
8060:Neo-futurism
8023:Internet art
8013:Hyperrealism
7866:Superfiction
7649:Photorealism
7613:
7517:Afrofuturism
7282:Contemporary
7258:Dimensionism
7241:Concrete art
7174:
7170:Precisionism
7020:
6967:Sosaku-hanga
6941:Productivism
6931:Metaphysical
6901:
6890:Proto-Cubism
6794:Secessionism
6756:Costumbrismo
6641:Aestheticism
6592:Hague School
6572:
6496:Academic art
6477:Costumbrismo
6445:Empire style
6282:Quito School
6277:Cusco School
6193:Colonial art
6154:
6142:FĂȘte galante
6140:
6109:18th century
6071:Delft School
6022:Caravaggisti
6000:17th century
5885:
5842:Quattrocento
5832:
5790:
5713:
5616:
5546:Late antique
5430:Severe style
5420:Black-figure
5307:Contemporary
5246:
5239:
4986:Ecomodernism
4894:
4882:
4870:
4858:
4846:
4834:
4824:The Firebird
4822:
4810:
4798:
4786:
4774:
4762:
4188:
4178:Citizen Kane
4176:
4167:Fallingwater
4157:Villa Savoye
4144:
4132:
4120:
4108:
4096:
4086:Black Square
4084:
4072:
4060:
4048:
4036:
4024:
4012:
3904:Le Corbusier
3832:Architecture
2845:
2833:
2821:
2811:Mrs Dalloway
2809:
2797:
2785:
2773:
2761:
2749:
2634:Lowell (Amy)
1929:Frank Stella
1904:Agnes Martin
1864:Josef Albers
1843:
1618:Epic theatre
1455:Atonal music
1290:Flarf poetry
1280:Ego-Futurism
1154:
1078:Proto-Cubism
1000:
966:
960:
946:
935:
919:
915:
906:
902:
896:
880:
875:
861:
852:
846:
837:
831:
823:Art Critical
822:
816:
807:
801:
790:
781:
776:
768:
764:
756:
752:
733:
727:
719:
714:
706:
701:
693:
688:
654:
645:
639:earth artist
632:
614:
608:
600:
587:Lee Bontecou
583:Jasper Johns
578:
572:
563:
540:
523:Hans Hofmann
520:
511:Ad Reinhardt
509:
502:
494:
477:
473:
469:
465:
457:
453:
450:Paul Bilhaud
443:
427:
355:16 Americans
353:
347:
345:
329:
317:
314:Frank Stella
279:Josef Albers
275:Ad Reinhardt
240:
235:
232:art movement
203:
188:
185:Pace Gallery
165:Anthony Caro
157:Robert Ryman
136:
132:
130:
124:Art Garden,
117:
99:Frank Stella
75:Agnes Martin
55:Ad Reinhardt
38:
37:
27:
8478:Western art
8433:Suprematism
8216:Digital art
8179:Avant-garde
8120:Superstroke
7996:Flat design
7991:Fictive art
7986:Excessivism
7934:Art for art
7929:Altermodern
7871:Taring Padi
7806:Lowbrow art
7774:Pliontanism
7711:Yoru no Kai
7664:Process art
7604:Systems art
7574:Arte Povera
7496:Antipodeans
7405:in New York
7375:Jikken KĆbĆ
7338:Color field
7207:Regionalism
7176:Aeropittura
7165:Neo-Fauvism
7138:Neues Sehen
7108:Kinetic art
6972:Suprematism
6946:Synchromism
6863:Noucentisme
6784:Primitivism
6772:Art Nouveau
6727:Cloisonnism
6717:Pointillism
6712:Divisionism
6690:Incoherents
6651:Art pottery
6537:(1863â1944)
6487:Macchiaioli
6462:Biedermeier
6450:Historicism
6435:Orientalism
6376:Romanticism
6347:Akita ranga
6199:Art of the
6184:Picturesque
6136:Chinoiserie
6131:Frederician
5969:Tudor court
5864:Cinquecento
5805:Renaissance
5792:Mappa mundi
5776:cartography
5668:Carolingian
5663:Merovingian
5646:Palaeologan
5618:RepoblaciĂłn
5575:Anglo-Saxon
5506:Gallo-Roman
5445:Hellenistic
5440:Kerch style
5378:Minyan ware
5241:Romanticism
5198:Remodernism
5079:Incoherents
4938:Avant-garde
4929:Armory Show
4536:Maeterlinck
4439:Villa-Lobos
4425:Szymanowski
4404:Stockhausen
4341:LutosĆawski
4066:(1909â1910)
2866:Visual arts
2839:(1928â1940)
2755:(1913â1927)
2278:Apollinaire
2242:Synchromism
2082:Art Nouveau
1934:Anne Truitt
1879:Donald Judd
1844:Minimal art
1770:Primitivism
1596:and theatre
1536:Noise music
1509:Drone music
1340:Slam poetry
1227:Suprematism
1212:Process art
1140:Incoherents
1135:Color Field
1110:Divisionism
1058:Art Nouveau
1038:Avant-garde
838:Minimal art
624:observation
575:Donald Judd
531:Lee Krasner
393:Mark Rothko
385:color field
381:Franz Kline
236:minimal art
224:color field
210:curated by
161:David Smith
114:Donald Judd
91:Anne Truitt
67:Donald Judd
51:postminimal
8483:Minimalism
8468:Modern art
8457:Categories
8423:Minimalism
8263:Jewish art
8075:Passionism
8035:iPhone art
7981:Cyborg art
7976:Crypto art
7949:Brandalism
7841:Cyberdelic
7706:TropicĂĄlia
7679:Street art
7634:Intermedia
7614:Minimalism
7333:Spatialism
7287:Postmodern
7143:Surrealism
7011:Shin-hanga
6851:Die BrĂŒcke
6819:Sonderbund
6732:Synthetism
6455:Revivalism
6364:Transition
6321:Manichaean
6167:Adam style
6088:Classicism
6027:in Utrecht
5955:Still life
5685:Romanesque
5641:Macedonian
5636:Iconoclast
5595:Visigothic
5501:Republican
5455:Indo-Greek
5425:Red-figure
5128:Maximalism
5063:Literature
4738:Wiesenthal
4640:Cunningham
4633:Balanchine
4613:Witkiewicz
4585:Strindberg
4571:Pirandello
4543:Mayakovsky
4418:Stravinsky
4390:Schoenberg
4209:Performing
4134:Metropolis
3925:Mendelsohn
3730:Rossellini
3723:Richardson
3534:Fassbinder
3520:Eisenstein
3457:Cassavetes
3213:Modigliani
3087:Goncharova
3073:Giacometti
2467:Dos Passos
2269:Literature
2228:Surrealism
2139:Die BrĂŒcke
1975:Minimalism
1924:Tony Smith
1894:Sol LeWitt
1889:Yves Klein
1874:Dan Flavin
1869:Larry Bell
1790:Surrealism
1728:Minimalism
1603:Cinéma pur
1248:and poetry
1246:Literature
1155:Minimalism
1046:Visual art
1001:Minimalism
681:References
675:Maximalism
665:Minimalism
560:Larry Bell
496:Yves Klein
424:Yves Klein
401:Gene Davis
369:Carl Andre
173:Carl Andre
169:Sol LeWitt
95:Yves Klein
87:Larry Bell
79:Dan Flavin
63:Tony Smith
39:Minimalism
24:Tony Smith
8325:Shock art
8315:Queer art
8295:NaĂŻve art
8278:Modernism
8110:Superflat
8100:Sound art
8080:Post-YBAs
8065:Neomodern
7906:Verdadism
7876:Superflat
7725:1970â1999
7689:in the US
7609:Video art
7532:Happening
7505:1960â1969
7297:1945â1959
6960:1915â1944
6951:Vorticism
6903:A Nyolcak
6765:1900â1914
6737:Les Nabis
6668:Symbolism
6624:Amsterdam
6574:Japonisme
6544:1863â1899
6506:in Greece
6366:to modern
6211:Caribbean
6156:Goût grec
6078:Capriccio
6032:Tenebrism
5981:Turquerie
5879:Mannerism
5774:Medieval
5631:Byzantine
5612:Mozarabic
5563:Ethiopian
5467:Neo-Attic
5450:"Baroque"
5435:Classical
5405:Geometric
5383:Mycenaean
5330:(Western)
5328:Premodern
5299:Premodern
5177:Pulp noir
5135:Modernity
5000:Film noir
4724:St. Denis
4647:Diaghilev
4383:Schaeffer
4306:Hindemith
4285:Dutilleux
4257:Boulanger
4062:The Dance
3758:Tarkovsky
3751:Sternberg
3583:Hitchcock
3499:Dovzhenko
3415:Antonioni
3360:Stieglitz
3199:Metzinger
3150:Kokoschka
3129:Kandinsky
2543:Aldington
2536:Akhmatova
2453:Marinetti
2446:Mansfield
2397:Hemingway
2235:Symbolism
2054:Movements
2047:Modernism
1795:Symbolism
1723:Modernism
1556:Serialism
1541:Post-rock
1482:Free jazz
1390:Free funk
1345:UltraĂsmo
1300:Imaginism
1275:Cyberpunk
1237:Vorticism
1040:movements
620:spectacle
597:Criticism
515:reductive
452:entitled
409:hard-edge
333:geometric
305:Paintings
238:emerged.
206:, at the
126:Jerusalem
118:Untitled,
28:Free Ride
8418:De Stijl
8355:Category
8305:Portrait
8226:Folk art
8174:Anti-art
8105:Stuckism
8018:Idea art
7939:Art game
7891:Artivism
7779:Punk art
7757:Sots Art
7742:Artscene
7599:Land art
7537:Neo-Dada
7469:Lettrism
7363:Nuagisme
7348:Tachisme
7229:Nazi art
7022:De Stijl
6936:Rayonism
6926:Art Deco
6914:Futurism
6705:Luminism
6673:Romanian
6658:Tonalism
6629:Canadian
6607:American
6513:Neo-Grec
6121:Rocaille
5950:Romanism
5884:Counter-
5818:Trecento
5758:Duecento
5748:Crusades
5680:Ottonian
5658:Frankish
5538:Medieval
5521:Trajanic
5481:Scythian
5476:Etruscan
5368:Cycladic
5346:Thracian
5259:Category
4860:Fountain
4764:Don Juan
4703:Nijinsky
4599:Wedekind
4578:Piscator
4473:Anderson
4397:Scriabin
4313:Honegger
3974:Sullivan
3960:Saarinen
3953:Rietveld
3946:Niemeyer
3918:Melnikov
3848:Bunshaft
3779:Truffaut
3744:Sjöström
3688:Pudovkin
3660:Minnelli
3625:Kurosawa
3618:Kuleshov
3548:Flaherty
3374:Vuillard
3353:Steichen
3311:Rousseau
3276:Pissarro
3255:O'Keeffe
3220:Mondrian
3171:Malevich
3164:Magritte
3136:Kirchner
3080:van Gogh
3031:Doesburg
3010:Delaunay
3003:Delaunay
2926:BrĂąncuÈi
2912:Boccioni
2875:Painting
2725:Williams
2648:Mallarmé
2564:Cendrars
2474:Platonov
2432:Lawrence
2425:Koestler
2362:Flaubert
2355:Faulkner
2320:Bulgakov
2249:Tonalism
2210:De Stijl
2194:Lettrism
2180:Futurism
2071:Art Deco
1960:De Stijl
1851:Artists
1743:Neo-Dada
1718:Lettrism
1699:Futurism
1613:Drop Art
1608:Dogme 95
1576:Totalism
1494:Futurism
1445:Ars nova
1373:By style
1320:Neoteric
1222:Rayonism
1175:De Stijl
1150:Mail art
1105:DevÄtsil
769:Newsweek
707:Artforum
659:See also
646:Artforum
615:Artforum
564:Untitled
513:, whose
486:Neo-Dada
430:, 1962,
341:metaphor
335:, often
259:De Stijl
200:New York
183:and the
8320:Realism
7917:present
7644:Nut Art
7447:Pop art
7385:Mono-ha
7253:The Ten
7202:Kapists
7148:Iranian
7101:Bauhaus
6895:Orphism
6841:Fauvism
6678:Russian
6568:Nihonga
6482:Verismo
6467:Realism
6401:Purismo
6314:Moorish
6309:Islamic
6216:Haitian
6007:Baroque
5886:Maniera
5770:Mudéjar
5695:Spanish
5607:Pictish
5590:Lombard
5585:Insular
5526:Severan
5491:Gaulish
5486:Iberian
5415:Archaic
5358:Nuragic
5338:Ancient
5321:periods
4914:Related
4776:Ubu Roi
4731:Tamiris
4717:Sokolow
4696:Massine
4564:Osborne
4557:O'Neill
4550:O'Casey
4508:Chekhov
4494:Beckett
4480:Anouilh
4464:Theatre
4411:Strauss
4369:Russolo
4348:Milhaud
4327:JanĂĄÄek
4299:GĂłrecki
4292:Feldman
4278:Debussy
4271:Copland
4229:Antheil
3967:Steiner
3890:Johnson
3869:Guimard
3862:Gropius
3709:Resnais
3611:Kubrick
3541:Fellini
3527:Epstein
3513:Edwards
3478:Cocteau
3464:Chaplin
3436:Bresson
3429:Bergman
3408:Aldrich
3401:Akerman
3346:Soutine
3318:Schiele
3269:Picasso
3262:Picabia
3192:Matisse
3066:Gauguin
3038:Duchamp
2996:Kooning
2975:Claudel
2968:Chirico
2961:Chagall
2954:CĂ©zanne
2947:Cassatt
2919:Bonnard
2905:Bellows
2898:Balthus
2775:Ulysses
2697:Stevens
2690:Seferis
2509:Unamuno
2348:Forster
2327:Chekhov
2292:Beckett
2221:Orphism
2187:Imagism
2171:Bauhaus
2157:Fauvism
2062:Acmeism
1672:General
1531:No wave
1305:Imagism
1255:Acmeism
1207:Pop art
1197:Orphism
1115:Fauvism
1093:Bauhaus
840:, p. 12
543:Hofmann
428:IKB 191
373:stripes
362:at the
247:Bauhaus
234:called
149:Al Held
137:ABC Art
105:History
8428:Op art
8268:Kitsch
8127:Toyism
7619:Fluxus
7549:Op art
7118:Mingei
7052:Stupid
7030:Purism
6885:Cubism
6534:Modern
6326:Mughal
6116:Rococo
5721:Gothic
5702:Norman
5626:Viking
5580:Hunnic
5558:Coptic
5373:Minoan
5363:Aegean
5351:Dacian
5303:Modern
4900:(1953)
4888:(1928)
4876:(1921)
4864:(1917)
4852:(1913)
4840:(1912)
4828:(1910)
4816:(1905)
4812:Salome
4804:(1902)
4792:(1899)
4780:(1896)
4768:(1888)
4745:Wigman
4675:Graham
4668:Fuller
4661:Fokine
4654:Duncan
4606:Wilder
4592:Toller
4529:Kaiser
4501:Brecht
4487:Artaud
4446:Webern
4432:VarĂšse
4362:Partch
4334:Ligeti
4264:Boulez
4236:BartĂłk
4194:(1943)
4182:(1941)
4170:(1936)
4160:(1931)
4150:(1929)
4138:(1927)
4126:(1925)
4114:(1923)
4102:(1920)
4090:(1915)
4078:(1912)
4054:(1907)
4042:(1889)
4030:(1887)
4018:(1886)
3995:Wright
3981:Tatlin
3939:Neutra
3841:Breuer
3807:Welles
3793:Vertov
3716:Renoir
3667:Murnau
3653:Marker
3646:Lupino
3604:Keaton
3590:Hubley
3576:Godard
3562:Fuller
3506:Dreyer
3485:Dassin
3443:Buñuel
3339:Sisley
3332:Signac
3325:Seurat
3297:Renoir
3115:Hopper
3017:Demuth
2940:Calder
2933:Braque
2884:Albers
2851:(1929)
2827:(1926)
2815:(1925)
2803:(1924)
2791:(1922)
2779:(1922)
2767:(1915)
2718:Valéry
2704:Thomas
2669:Pessoa
2613:George
2606:Elytis
2599:Ăluard
2585:Desnos
2557:Cavafy
2527:Poetry
2488:Proust
2481:Porter
2383:Hamsun
2341:Döblin
2334:Conrad
2306:Breton
2285:Barnes
2105:Cubism
2000:Op art
1748:Neoism
1694:Fluxus
1594:Cinema
1433:Others
1335:Oulipo
1330:Oberiu
1217:Purism
1083:Cubism
926:
887:
740:
709:, 1967
490:Fluxus
407:, and
323:1959,
226:, and
135:, and
120:1991,
7915:2000â
7358:COBRA
6352:Uki-e
6342:Japan
6331:Qajar
5690:Mosan
5496:Roman
5390:Greek
5070:Post-
5056:Music
4755:Works
4710:Shawn
4689:Laban
4624:Dance
4522:Jarry
4515:Ibsen
4453:Weill
4376:Satie
4250:Berio
4220:Music
4005:Works
3932:Nervi
3876:Horta
3855:GaudĂ
3814:Wiene
3786:Varda
3772:Trnka
3681:Pabst
3639:Losey
3597:Jones
3569:Gance
3492:Deren
3471:Clair
3450:Carné
3422:Avery
3304:Rodin
3290:Redon
3248:Nolde
3241:Munch
3234:Moore
3227:Monet
3178:Manet
3157:LĂ©ger
3122:Kahlo
3101:Grosz
3059:Ernst
3052:Ensor
2989:Degas
2742:Works
2732:Yeats
2711:Tzara
2683:Rilke
2676:Pound
2655:Moore
2627:Lorca
2620:Jacob
2592:Eliot
2571:Crane
2550:Auden
2516:Woolf
2502:Svevo
2495:Stein
2460:Musil
2418:Kafka
2411:Joyce
2404:Hesse
2390:HaĆĄek
2313:Broch
2148:Music
1943:Forms
1422:Metal
1365:Music
484:, or
337:cubic
43:music
8204:Icon
7527:ZERO
7285:and
7182:Asso
7006:Dada
6563:YĆga
5305:and
4682:Holm
4355:Nono
4320:Ives
4243:Berg
4211:arts
3988:Mies
3911:Loos
3897:Kahn
3821:Wood
3800:Vigo
3765:Tati
3737:Sirk
3632:Lang
3555:Ford
3392:Film
3381:Wood
3206:MirĂł
3185:Marc
3143:Klee
3108:Höch
3094:Gris
3045:Dufy
2982:DalĂ
2662:Owen
2578:H.D.
2439:Mann
2376:Gide
2369:Ford
2299:Bely
2112:Dada
1855:list
1684:Dada
1417:Punk
1412:Prog
1407:Rock
1395:Yass
1385:Jazz
1380:Funk
1355:Zaum
924:ISBN
885:ISBN
757:Time
738:ISBN
637:and
482:Dada
399:and
391:and
97:and
3674:Ozu
3283:Ray
3024:Dix
2891:Arp
1402:Pop
905:".
379:or
198:in
8459::
5301:,
5238:â
562:,
426:,
316:,
289:,
285:,
277:,
273:,
253:,
222:,
171:,
163:,
155:,
151:,
147:,
116:,
93:,
89:,
85:,
81:,
77:,
73:,
69:,
65:,
61:,
57:,
26:,
8389:e
8382:t
8375:v
5319:/
5291:e
5284:t
5277:v
5251:â
2039:e
2032:t
2025:v
1857:)
1853:(
1836:e
1829:t
1822:v
1030:e
1023:t
1016:v
930:.
909:.
891:.
746:.
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