Knowledge (XXG)

Minimalist shoe

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Although running injuries are more common during the first period after adopting minimalist footwear, there is a lack of evidence about the long-term injury potential of minimalist shoes compared to standard ones. A 2022 review found that minimalist shoes increase the size and strength of the foot
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shoes are defined as providing "minimal interference with the natural movement of the foot, because of its high flexibility, low heel to toe drop, weight and stack height, and the absence of motion control and stability devices." Minimalist shoes provide more sensory contact for the foot on the
80:, Devon R. Coetzee their co-authors defined minimalist footwear as having a sole and upper that weighed 200-gram (7.1 oz) or less and were highly flexible, a heel height of 20 millimetres (0.79 in) or shorter, and a "heel-toe differential" of 7 millimetres (0.28 in) or less. 130:, which has a 17 mm heel and is marketed as minimalist running shoe, but this designation is disputed. In contrast to 'barefoot' and 'minimal' shoes, one of the marketing terms repeatedly employed for this product segment is 'natural running'. 314:
Ruiz-Alias, Santiago A.; Molina-Molina, Alejandro; Soto-Hermoso, VĂ­ctor M.; GarcĂ­a-Pinillos, Felipe (2023-03-04). "A systematic review of the effect of running shoes on running economy, performance and biomechanics: analysis by brand and model".
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are in between traditional running shoes and barefoot running shoes. They have a reduced heel-to-toe drop of about 4–8 mm, reduced cushioning and reduced or no arch support. The toe box is usually in-between barefoot and traditional running
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In recognition of the barefoot running movement, major companies also started producing shoes targeted at this customer segment. However, these shoes do not usually meet the requirement of a minimal or barefoot shoe. Examples include the
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ground while simultaneously providing the feet with some protection from ground hazards and conditions (such as pebbles and dirt). Research shows that wearing a minimalist shoe can help improve
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Xu, Jennifer; Saliba, Susan A; Jaffri, Abbis H (2023-05-01). "The Effects of Minimalist Shoes on Plantar Intrinsic Foot Muscle Size and Strength: A Systematic Review".
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are characterized by their zero drop from heel to toe, no arch support, minimal cushioning at the heel, and a very thin sole of around 3-10mm. Also, the
2570: 644:"Systematic review of the role of footwear constructions in running biomechanics: Implications for running-related injury and performance" 391:
Coetzee, Devon R.; Albertus, Yumna; Tam, Nicholas; Tucker, Ross (2018). "Conceptualizing minimalist footwear: an objective definition".
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Marchena-Rodriguez, Ana; Ortega-Avila, Ana Belen; Cervera-Garvi, Pablo; Cabello-Manrique, David; Gijon-Nogueron, Gabriel (2020-01-01).
709: 1895: 2488: 2614: 98:, when viewed from above and compared to traditional shoes. Few product lines fall into this category. Examples include the 2609: 2599: 2293: 2033: 2604: 1888: 358:
Miller, Elizabeth E.; Whitcome, Katherine K.; Lieberman, Daniel E.; Norton, Heather L.; Dyer, Rachael E. (2014-06-01).
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Esculier, Jean-Francois; Dubois, Blaise; Dionne, Clermont E.; Leblond, Jean; Roy, Jean-SĂ©bastien (2015-01-01).
2624: 2589: 2393: 495:"Can minimal running shoes imitate barefoot heel-toe running patterns? A comparison of lower leg kinematics" 163: 67: 2556: 2398: 702: 2433: 2078: 2438: 2183: 1950: 1119: 2288: 2238: 2228: 2163: 2088: 1945: 1871: 1332: 1103: 991: 837: 259:"From barefoot hunter gathering to shod pavement pounding. Where to from here? A narrative review" 19: 2463: 2383: 2313: 2248: 2233: 1723: 1201: 730: 624: 416: 168: 99: 52: 2619: 2243: 2188: 1567: 1528: 1158: 695: 673: 655: 616: 608: 573: 555: 516: 475: 457: 408: 340: 332: 296: 278: 239: 221: 103: 2540: 2388: 2348: 2133: 2093: 2048: 1781: 1753: 1297: 1211: 953: 938: 933: 863: 858: 663: 600: 563: 547: 506: 465: 447: 400: 371: 324: 286: 270: 229: 211: 35: 2403: 2378: 2053: 1495: 1475: 1337: 1327: 1237: 1063: 1001: 774: 147: 143: 48: 536:"The risks and benefits of running barefoot or in minimalist shoes: A systematic review" 94:
is considerably wider to provide more space to the toes, whereby they slightly resemble
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Sun, Xiaole; Lam, Wing-Kai; Zhang, Xini; Wang, Junqing; Fu, Weijie (2020).
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Perkins, Kyle P.; Hanney, William J.; Rothschild, Carey E. (2014-11-01).
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A 2020 systematic review found that "minimalist shoes can improve
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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and build the cross-sectional area and stiffness of
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Generally, there are two types of minimalist shoes:
2481: 1984: 1928: 1919: 1794: 1752: 1711: 1615: 1411: 1255: 1225: 1167: 1112: 1056: 1049: 972: 901: 846: 813: 755: 38:or walking conditions in comparison to traditional 150:but also induce greater loading of the ankle and 257:Francis, Peter; Schofield, Grant (2020-04-01). 2564: 1896: 703: 8: 540:Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 2571: 2557: 1925: 1903: 1889: 1881: 1867: 1749: 1053: 810: 710: 696: 688: 667: 567: 510: 493:Hein, Tobias; Grau, Stefan (2014-06-01). 469: 451: 375: 290: 233: 215: 648:Journal of Sports Science & Medicine 593:International Journal of Sports Medicine 106:Glove, which use an outsole produced by 190: 16:Shoes that approximate barefoot running 263:BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 795:Spectator shoes (Co-respondent shoes) 7: 2525: 2523: 154:" compared to non-minimalist shoes. 34:are intended to closely approximate 23:Evoskins - a type of minimalist shoe 499:Journal of Sport and Health Science 364:Journal of Sport and Health Science 2543:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by 204:Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 14: 2527: 1866: 139:muscles in healthy individuals. 1: 405:10.1080/02640414.2017.1346816 329:10.1080/14763141.2022.2089589 70:are a type of minimalist shoe 74:In their 2018 paper for the 1852: 1598: 1554: 1510: 1501: 1283:Cross country running shoes 1140: 1017: 2643: 2522: 512:10.1016/j.jshs.2014.03.002 393:Journal of Sports Sciences 377:10.1016/j.jshs.2014.03.011 275:10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000577 77:Journal of Sports Sciences 1864: 725: 217:10.1186/s13047-015-0094-5 152:metatarsophalangeal joint 552:10.1177/1941738114546846 118:Minimalist Running Shoes 96:the shape of ducks' feet 164:Huarache (running shoe) 2539:-related article is a 1256:Sport-related footwear 828:Prince Albert slippers 453:10.3390/ijerph17103562 88:Barefoot Running Shoes 71: 24: 2615:2020s fads and trends 1120:Australian work boots 66: 22: 2610:21st-century fashion 2600:20th-century fashion 1333:Mountaineering boots 859:High-heeled footwear 838:Venetian-style shoes 51:, foot strength and 2605:Minimalist clothing 2164:Grays International 1872:List of shoe styles 1616:Historical footwear 1202:Over-the-knee boots 992:Cantabrian albarcas 605:10.1055/a-1908-8867 317:Sports Biomechanics 1724:Blake construction 1568:Peshawari chappals 1529:Kolhapuri chappals 731:Abandoned footwear 169:Vibram FiveFingers 100:Vibram FiveFingers 72: 25: 2552: 2551: 2517: 2516: 2477: 2476: 1878: 1877: 1790: 1789: 1712:Shoe construction 1251: 1250: 909:Driving moccasins 897: 896: 2632: 2573: 2566: 2559: 2531: 2524: 1926: 1905: 1898: 1891: 1882: 1870: 1869: 1857: 1750: 1603: 1559: 1515: 1506: 1328:Motorcycle boots 1323:Minimalist shoes 1238:Wellington boots 1212:Thigh-high boots 1145: 1064:Ammunition boots 1054: 1022: 954:Tiger-head shoes 934:Self-tying shoes 811: 775:Brothel creepers 712: 705: 698: 689: 682: 681: 671: 639: 633: 632: 588: 582: 581: 571: 531: 525: 524: 514: 490: 484: 483: 473: 455: 431: 425: 424: 388: 382: 381: 379: 355: 349: 348: 311: 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845: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 820: 818: 816: 815:Slip-on shoes 812: 806: 803: 801: 800:Winklepickers 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 762: 760: 758: 754: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 732: 729: 728: 724: 720: 713: 708: 706: 701: 699: 694: 693: 690: 679: 675: 670: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 638: 635: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 587: 584: 579: 575: 570: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 530: 527: 522: 518: 513: 508: 504: 500: 496: 489: 486: 481: 477: 472: 467: 463: 459: 454: 449: 445: 441: 437: 430: 427: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 387: 384: 378: 373: 369: 365: 361: 354: 351: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 310: 307: 302: 298: 293: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 253: 250: 245: 241: 236: 231: 227: 223: 218: 213: 209: 205: 201: 194: 191: 184: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 165: 162: 161: 157: 155: 153: 149: 145: 140: 133: 131: 129: 119: 116: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 86: 85: 84: 81: 79: 78: 69: 65: 58: 56: 54: 50: 45: 41: 37: 33: 29: 21: 2545:expanding it 2534: 2519: 2498: 2414:Under Armour 2179:Hoka One One 2169:Gray-Nicolls 1767:Kitten heels 1373:Safari boots 1358:Roller shoes 1353:Riding boots 1348:Racing shoes 1343:Racing flats 1322: 1303:Hiking boots 1268:Ballet shoes 1243:Ballet boots 1187:Chukka boots 1181:Beatle boots 1149:Rigger boots 1125:Cowboy boots 1099:Trench boots 1094:Tanker boots 1089:Jungle boots 1074:Combat boots 884:Saddle shoes 854:Ballet flats 654:(1): 20–37. 651: 647: 637: 596: 592: 586: 543: 539: 529: 505:(2): 67–73. 502: 498: 488: 446:(10): 3562. 443: 439: 429: 396: 392: 386: 370:(2): 74–85. 367: 363: 353: 320: 316: 309: 266: 262: 252: 207: 203: 193: 174:Vivobarefoot 141: 137: 124: 117: 87: 82: 75: 73: 31: 27: 26: 2469:361 Degrees 2259:New Balance 1987:and apparel 1812:Dress socks 1807:Bobby socks 1772:Spool heels 1762:Clear heels 1734:Shoe buckle 1678:Lotus shoes 1486:Haferlschuh 1461:Espadrilles 1398:Water shoes 1378:Skate shoes 1192:Go-go boots 1104:Munson Last 1069:Bunny boots 902:Other shoes 823:Court shoes 757:Dress shoes 55:function. 2584:Categories 2499:Minimalist 2334:Quiksilver 2269:North Face 2264:Nike, Inc. 1976:Xero Shoes 1922:and brands 1920:Companies 1822:Knee highs 1754:High heels 1683:Pampooties 1446:Bast shoes 1431:Alpargatas 1308:Ice skates 1273:Boat shoes 1084:Jump boots 959:Veldskoens 914:Flip-flops 889:Slingbacks 864:Mary Janes 741:Shoemaking 185:References 179:Xero Shoes 44:Minimalist 28:Minimalist 2439:Wolverine 2374:Slazenger 2324:Pro-Specs 2309:PF Flyers 2279:Olympikus 2199:KangaRoos 1985:Footwear 1847:Toe socks 1827:Pantyhose 1817:Footwraps 1739:Shoelaces 1703:Turnshoes 1693:Poulaines 1643:Carbatina 1578:Tsarouchi 1573:Snowshoes 1534:Moccasins 1383:Ski boots 1338:Plimsolls 1217:Ugg boots 1142:Jika-tabi 1135:Hip boots 1079:Jackboots 805:Wholecuts 746:Shoe size 660:1303-2968 629:251067602 613:0172-4622 560:1941-7381 521:2095-2546 462:1660-4601 337:1476-3141 283:2055-7647 226:1757-1146 210:(1): 42. 128:Nike Free 110:, or the 68:Huaraches 2620:Barefoot 2537:clothing 2464:Zoo York 2384:Spalding 2364:Skechers 2304:Pentland 2254:Muddyfox 2229:Lonsdale 2209:Karrimor 2134:Everlast 2099:DC Shoes 2094:Converse 2089:Columbia 2079:Champion 2039:Atletica 2009:Allbirds 1961:Pro-Keds 1837:Stocking 1688:Pigaches 1673:Hessians 1658:Chopines 1593:Valenkis 1496:Huarache 1393:Swimfins 1388:Sneakers 1368:Sabatons 1298:Ghillies 1057:Military 1012:Namaksin 944:Slippers 919:Galoshes 719:Footwear 678:32132824 621:35878616 578:25364479 480:32438717 413:28686085 345:35748066 301:32405429 244:26300981 158:See also 2509:Sneaker 2449:XBlades 2394:Starter 2359:Saucony 2354:Salomon 2349:Russell 2294:Penalty 2244:Merrell 2224:Li-Ning 2219:LA Gear 2214:K-Swiss 2189:Invicta 2154:Gilbert 2149:Frasers 2119:Ellesse 2104:Diadora 2074:Carlton 2069:Cariuma 2064:Capelli 2034:Athleta 2004:Airwalk 1802:Anklets 1795:Hosiery 1744:Toe box 1638:Caligae 1628:Buskins 1583:Takunya 1544:Mukluks 1539:Mojaris 1466:Furlane 1441:Balghas 1436:Avarcas 1426:Abarkas 1041:Träskor 1031:Pattens 1026:Padukas 1007:Klompen 948:Uwabaki 929:Sandals 847:Women's 833:Loafers 790:Oxfords 770:Brogues 765:Blucher 669:7039038 569:4212355 471:7277478 421:4628364 292:7202747 235:4543477 134:Effects 104:Merrell 92:toe box 2434:Wilson 2404:Topper 2389:Sperry 2344:Reebok 2339:Rainha 2249:Mizuno 2239:Macron 2194:Jordan 2184:Hummel 2159:Givova 2129:Etnies 2109:Dunlop 2084:Charly 2059:Brooks 1994:Adidas 1971:Vibram 1941:Feiyue 1936:Alpina 1914:brands 1842:Tights 1782:Wedges 1633:Calcei 1600:Waraji 1588:Upanah 1563:Opanci 1549:Nalins 1524:Kamiks 1519:Jorabs 1512:Jipsin 1471:Galesh 1451:Ciocie 1421:Abacas 1159:Waders 939:Slides 869:Mojari 676:  666:  658:  627:  619:  611:  576:  566:  558:  519:  478:  468:  460:  419:  411:  343:  335:  299:  289:  281:  242:  232:  224:  121:shoes. 108:Vibram 2535:This 2504:Skate 2482:Types 2459:Yonex 2409:Umbro 2399:Supra 2369:Scott 2299:Pirma 2284:Panam 2234:Lotto 2204:Kappa 2144:Finta 2029:Asics 2014:Altra 1966:Spira 1951:Karhu 1698:Socci 1556:Okobo 1481:Giveh 1456:Clogs 1226:Other 1050:Boots 1036:Sabot 1019:Okobo 997:Clogs 982:Bakya 874:Mules 785:Monks 780:Derby 625:S2CID 417:S2CID 114:Prio. 59:Types 40:shoes 2541:stub 2454:Xtep 2424:Veja 2419:Vans 2379:Sole 2319:Puma 2314:Pony 2289:Peak 2174:Head 2139:Fila 2124:Erke 2049:Bata 2044:Avia 2024:Anta 2019:AND1 1956:Keds 1946:Gola 1854:Tabi 1832:Sock 1607:ZĹŤri 1476:Geta 1113:Work 1002:Geta 964:ZĹŤri 736:Shoe 674:PMID 656:ISSN 617:PMID 609:ISSN 574:PMID 556:ISSN 517:ISSN 476:PMID 458:ISSN 409:PMID 341:PMID 333:ISSN 297:PMID 279:ISSN 240:PMID 222:ISSN 112:Xero 102:and 53:arch 2114:DVS 1999:AFA 1503:Hwa 664:PMC 601:doi 564:PMC 548:doi 507:doi 466:PMC 448:doi 401:doi 372:doi 325:doi 287:PMC 271:doi 230:PMC 212:doi 30:or 2586:: 2429:VF 2274:On 672:. 662:. 652:19 650:. 646:. 623:. 615:. 607:. 597:44 595:. 572:. 562:. 554:. 542:. 538:. 515:. 497:. 474:. 464:. 456:. 444:17 442:. 438:. 415:. 407:. 397:36 395:. 366:. 362:. 339:. 331:. 321:22 319:. 295:. 285:. 277:. 265:. 261:. 238:. 228:. 220:. 206:. 202:. 42:. 2572:e 2565:t 2558:v 2547:. 1904:e 1897:t 1890:v 1183:) 1179:( 950:) 946:( 711:e 704:t 697:v 680:. 631:. 603:: 580:. 550:: 544:6 523:. 509:: 503:3 482:. 450:: 423:. 403:: 380:. 374:: 368:3 347:. 327:: 303:. 273:: 267:6 246:. 214:: 208:8

Index


barefoot running
shoes
Minimalist
running economy
arch

Huaraches
Journal of Sports Sciences
toe box
the shape of ducks' feet
Vibram FiveFingers
Merrell
Vibram
Xero
Nike Free
running economy
Achilles tendon
metatarsophalangeal joint
Huarache (running shoe)
Vibram FiveFingers
Vivobarefoot
Xero Shoes
"A consensus definition and rating scale for minimalist shoes"
doi
10.1186/s13047-015-0094-5
ISSN
1757-1146
PMC
4543477

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