Afzal Guru - Knowledge (XXG)

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maintained in the execution saying that it would not have happened had the decision been made public in advance. He also denied the Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah's charge that he was kept in the dark about the centre's decision to hang him. He said: "I personally informed Omar about the execution. Also, the family of Afzal Guru was informed on the night of 7 February." Asserting the need to maintain secrecy, Shinde said, "This, as Ajmal Kasab's case, was extremely sensitive, government had to be very careful. Secrecy has to be maintained in such cases." He also picked holes in Omar Abdullah's assertion that Parliament attack convict Guru's hanging was "out of turn."

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attacking the Parliament House. It also observed that there was sufficient and satisfactory circumstantial evidence to establish that Guru was a partner in this conspired crime of enormous gravity. It has to be noted, that in its judgement of 5 August 2005, the supreme court admitted that the evidence against Guru was only circumstantial, and that there was no evidence that he belonged to any terrorist group or organisation. He was subsequently meted out three life sentences and a double death sentence.

468:'s car parked in the premises and began firing. The ministers and MPs escaped unhurt. The attack was foiled due to the immediate reaction of the security personnel present at the spot and complex. There was a fierce gun-battle lasting for nearly 30 minutes. Nine persons including eight security personnel and one gardener lost their lives in the attack and 16 persons including 13 security personnel, received injuries. The five assailants were killed. At the end of December, 569:

Parliament was the handiwork of forces which wanted to "destroy the country and cripple it by killing or capturing its entire political executive, including the Prime Minister and the Home Minister... captivate entire legislature and the Vice-President, who were in Parliament." He was also sentenced to life imprisonment on as many as eight counts under the provisions of IPC, POTA and Explosive Substances Act in addition to varying amounts of fine. In August 2003,

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movement were also detained. However, protests flared up in parts of the Valley—Guru's hometown of Sopore, Baramulla in North Kashmir and Pulwama in South Kashmir—and groups of young men broke curfew and threw stones at security forces. Police fired at protesters, and 36 people were injured, including 23 policemen, said a police spokesperson, particularly around Guru's home district where most of the violence was concentrated.

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escalated as the rival protests took on a communal hue when both groups raised religious slogans and scuffled with each other as police struggled to keep them separated. Protesters holding protests on different issues too joined the foray against the Kashmiri students. The situation was brought under control by policemen in riot gear who bundled the students into waiting buses and drove them away. Delhi police

517:(POTA) being added to the original charges after six days. On 29 December 2001, Guru was sent to 10-day police remand. The court appointed Seema Gulati as his lawyer, who dropped Guru's case after 45 days because of her case load. In June 2002, charges were filed against all four of them. 80 witnesses were examined for the prosecution and 10 witnesses were examined on behalf of the accused. 999:"full truth". Dawn observed that the timing in which he was executed was clearly an attempt to thwart the impending criticism of the economy's dwindling growth rate which had reportedly come down to a 10-year low of five per cent. The hanging was also expected to make the Congress party look as hardline as the BJP. The demeanour is considered useful with the urban middle class voter. 36: 953:

the state and defence. He also mentioned that the key actors in the attack were likely to get away, because no one could investigate them. In his words, "We are still far from knowing the full truth of 13/12. It is likely that many of the unanswered questions might resolve themselves if Pakistan were ever to arrest Jaish-e-Muhammad chief Maulana

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Afzal Guru was hanged six days later on 9 February 2013 at 8 am. Jail officials have said that when Guru was told about his execution, he was calm. He expressed his wish to write to his wife. The jail superintendent gave him a pen and paper. He wrote the letter in Urdu, which was posted to his family

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On 22 December 2001, the case was brought before a special POTA Court under sessions judge S N Dhingra and the trial started on 8 July 2002, and was conducted on a day-to-day basis. Eighty witnesses were examined for the prosecution and ten were examined for defence. Trial was concluded in nearly six

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After his arrest, Guru made a confessional statement which bore his signature, recorded by the DCP, special cell. It was recorded in the preamble of the confession that DCP had asked policemen present there to leave the room. The Supreme Court was angered by the act of police officials, who, in their

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On 13 February, few days after Guru's execution, lawyers N D Pancholi and Nandita Haksar withdrew as his family's counsel, citing "unseemly controversies" and "suspicion" by certain political groups in Kashmir. Without elaborating on the immediate reasons for their decision they said that in Kashmir

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highlighted the possible lack of due process evident in the government's failure to comply with the stipulation of the jail manual to inform Guru's family about the date of the execution. The compromise is more evident in Guru's case because, unlike Kasab, his family members are Indians, who live in

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On 23 June 2010, the Ministry of Home Affairs recommended the president's office to reject the mercy petition. On 7 January 2011, a whistle-blowing site indianleaks.in leaked a document which stated that the mercy petition file was not with President of India. This was rubbished by Kapil Sibal in an

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to Guru from various human rights groups including political groups in Kashmir, who believe that Guru did not receive a fair trial and was framed by corrupt police and the victim of inefficient police work. Human rights activists in various parts of India and the world have demanded reprieve as they

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said that Afzal Guru's family was informed about the hanging decision on time. But the family was not aware of Guru's hanging since the Speed post letter sent by the Tihar jail authorities regarding the hanging of Afzal reached his family 2 days after his hanging. He defended the secrecy government

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announced the execution on the morning of 9 February, and Omar Abdullah, chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir state, made a special appeal on television for public calm. Authorities also shut down cable TV and internet services to try to stop further news of the hanging and activists from organizing

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urged the President of India not to accept any clemency pleas on Afzal's behalf. He warned that his organisation would launch agitations if Afzal was pardoned. He also criticised statements of various political leaders and blamed them for "encouraging activities of terrorists in Jammu and Kashmir".

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On 18 December 2002, relying on the circumstantial evidence, the special court awarded capital punishment to Guru, Shaukat and Geelani. Shaukat's wife Afsan was found guilty of concealing the plot and sentenced to five years in jail. The POTA court justified capital punishment, saying the attack on

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Guru's wife, Tabasum, had sought to claim his body which was buried in the Tihar Jail. However the Central government is likely to reject the request citing the Jail manual. The Delhi Jail manual states that the body may not be transferred to family/friends "if there are grounds for supposing that

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where he mentioned that legal experts have cast no small doubt on whether Guru received a fair trial, whether his guilt was proved and whether his death penalty was legitimate. It was cited that the debates on this case had engaged some of India's finest legal minds for months, both on the side of

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The secret operation surrounding the execution of Afzal Guru was code named Operation Three Star. The prison took steps to execute Guru in secrecy. The execution was carried out without the family's knowledge or any form of public announcement. Guru's body was buried on prison grounds to prevent a

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The Supreme Court observed that mostly, the conspiracies are proved by the circumstantial evidence. It held that the circumstances detailed in the judgment clearly established that Guru was associated with the deceased militants in almost every act done by them in order to achieve the objective of

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claimed that in an interview in 2006, Guru had said that he had been subjected to extreme torture which included electric shocks in private parts and being beaten up for hours along with threats regarding his family after his arrest. Between the time of his arrest and the time when initial charges

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including waging of war against the Government of India and conspiracy to commit the same; murder and criminal conspiracy; conspiring and knowingly facilitating the commission of a terrorist act or acts preparatory to a terrorist act, and also voluntarily harbouring and concealing the now-deceased

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that though judicial determination will be – and ought to be – subjected to continued critical scrutiny but there is nothing to show the judicial system was blind to Guru’s legal rights. The article also criticised the journalists and political leaders of 'a certain kind' for not dealing with the

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has been highly critical about Afzal Guru's hanging. He said the "biggest tragedy" of the execution was that he was not allowed to meet his family before he was hanged. He also suggested that the centre was "selective" in avenging attacks on symbols of democracy and backed the allegation that the

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On 4 August 2005, the Supreme Court, upheld the death sentence for Afzal Guru while it commuted Shaukat Hussain Guru's sentence from death to 10 years imprisonment. Of the three sentenced to death, SAR Geelani (who was presented as the mastermind behind the attack), Shaukat Hussain Guru and Afzal

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was critical of both the Congress as well as of the BJP, and claimed it was delaying the legal procedure in the case accusing it of trying to whip up enmity between communities in the name of a crime done by a group of criminals. The party wants the law of the land to take its course without any

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condemned the execution saying that it 'indicates a disturbing and regressive trend towards executions shrouded in secrecy'. Shashikumar Velath, Programmes Director at Amnesty International India said "We condemn the execution in the strongest possible terms. This very regrettably puts India in

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In the letter written before his death, Guru wrote, "I am about to be hanged. Now, near the gallows, I want to tell you (family members) that I was not given enough time to write a detailed letter. I am thankful that Allah (God) chose me for this sacrifice. And please, take care of Tabasum and

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accompanied by members of CPI(M-L), Peoples Union for Democratic Rights (PUDR) and National Confederation of Human Rights Organisations (who were condemning capital punishment) started a counter-protest in support of Afzal Guru and chanted slogans in support of an independent Kashmir. Tensions

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also noted that "There's no doubt, therefore, that the crime of which Afzal has been convicted falls in the "rarest of rare" category. In the event he's gone through due process, as exemplified in the acquittals or lesser sentencing of all three of his co-accused through various stages of the

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Mosques throughout the region were used for public announcements and curfew information. SAR Geelani, who was co-accused in the attacks on the Indian parliament and later acquitted by the Supreme Court, was taken into preventive custody by the Delhi Police. Several leaders from the separatist

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held that it is completely within the president's power to commute the death sentence and is not a mercy plea. He said, "It’s a misnomer to call it a mercy petition. It leads to total misunderstanding of the constitutional power. The constitutional power is that the president has the power to

785:. On 10 December, Shinde indicated he would look at the file after the winter session of the Parliament was finished on 20 December. Shinde made his final recommendation to execute Guru on 23 January 2013. On 3 February 2013, Guru's mercy petition was rejected by the President of India. 659:

and local political groups voiced their support of clemency for Guru. It was alleged many have done so to appease Muslim voters in India. However, there were protests (with instances of stone pelting at Indian security forces) in Kashmir against the planned execution of Guru in 2006.

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Justice SN Dhinga, the Judge who sentenced Guru and co-accused Shaukat Guru and SAR Geelani to death in 2002, termed the execution a political move stating that the judiciary took just three years to decide the matter while the executive took eight years to implement the same.

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and returned to Delhi where he worked till 1996. He took up a job with a pharmaceuticals firm and served as its area manager. Simultaneously, he worked as a commission agent for medical and surgical goods in the year 1996. During this period, he used to shuttle between

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An appeal was made to the Delhi High Court, but after going through the case and taking into consideration various authorities and precedents, the Court found that the conviction of Guru was correct and hence his appeal was dismissed. Guru was represented by

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On a national level, security was prepared beforehand for public protests. After Guru' s execution, a curfew was then imposed by the authorities when the news became public in Kashmir to prevent any kind of protests in support of Guru. State-run media

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Guru, only Afzal Guru's penalty was upheld by the Supreme Court. Guru filed a review petition before the Supreme Court seeking review of its judgement. However, on 22 September 2005, the review petition too came to be dismissed by the Supreme Court.

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criticised the delay in carrying out the death sentence on Guru for the Parliament terror attack, saying, "I fail to understand the delay. They have increased my security. But what needs to be done immediately is to carry out the court's orders".

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The families of victims of the 2001 parliament attack said that they will write to president Pranab Mukherjee to get back the bravery awards returned by them earlier. The families had earlier returned the medals to protest the delay in hanging.

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ten months after his hanging. It contains 132 short chapters attributed to Guru that talk about jihad, the situation in Kashmir, messages to the youth and other ideological issues. The book also has introductory and laudatory pieces written by

610:"As criminal acts took place pursuant to the conspiracy, the appellant, as a party to the conspiracy, shall be deemed to have abetted the offence. In fact, he took active part in a series of steps taken to pursue the objective of conspiracy." 906:

Most political parties with exception of Kashmiri politicians welcomed the move by the Government of India. The BJP stated that it was a correct move albeit very late. It also stated that the public opinion forced Afzal Guru's hanging.

808:, a fast courier service, to their home in Sopore. Postal officials in Srinagar said they received the letter Saturday evening (9 February), but it could not be delivered until Monday (11 February) because Sunday was a public holiday. 538:

given to him by the terrorists who were killed by the police when they attacked the Parliament. Police filed a charge-sheet in the case on 15 May 2002. The trial started after charges were laid against the four accused on 4 June 2002.

505:, with the help of leads relating to the car used and cellphone records, arrested Guru from Srinagar, his cousin Shaukat Husain Guru, Shaukat's wife Afsan Guru (Navjot Sandhu before marriage) and S.A.R Geelani, a lecturer of Arabic at 1684: 897:

condemned the execution of Afzal Guru inside the Pakistan-controlled Kashmir region. The President said, "The hanging of Afzal Guru through the abuse of judicial process has further aggravated and angered the people of Kashmir."

753:"We own the responsibility for today's blasts at Delhi high court. Our demand is that Mohammed Afzal Guru's death sentence should be repealed immediately else we would target major high courts and the Supreme Court of India." 914:, tweeted "better late than never" after the news of Guru's execution by hanging had been announced. Modi had previously been critical of the government for delaying Guru's execution after the Supreme Court's final decision. 628:. In June 2007, Supreme Court dismissed Guru's plea seeking review of his death sentence, saying "there is no merit" in it. In December 2010, Shaukat Hussain Guru was released from Delhi's Tihar Jail due to his good conduct. 801:, who spent three years with Afzal in Tihar, wrote that Afzal asked jail authorities to treat the jail staff well and that the staff wept for Afzal. The execution of Mohammed Afzal Guru was named Operation Three Star. 2416: 3376: 2749: 2441: 3019: 917:

Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party spokesman Naeem Akhtar also criticised Guru's burial inside the prison complex in New Delhi, saying the body should have been given to his family in Kashmir. The

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On 13 December an FIR was lodged by the police and after subsequent arrests, all the accused were tried under charges of waging war, conspiracy, murder, attempt to murder etc. with the provisions of the

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leader Ghazi Baba, who was a prime accused in the attack was killed in an encounter with the Border Security Force (BSF) in Srinagar. In October 2003, on an appeal, Delhi High Court upheld the order.

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over-zealousness, had arranged for a media interview. However, after seven months, Guru disowned this confession and the Supreme Court did not accept the earlier confession as evidence against him.

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Sushil Kumar, Guru's advocate later claimed that Guru had written a letter to him where Guru said that he had made the confessions under duress as his family was being threatened. Journalist

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State v. Mohammad Afzal and Ors., Judgment of High Court of Delhi in Murder Reference No. 1/2003 and Crl. A. No. 43/2003 by J. Usha Mehra and J. Pradeep Nandrajog 9 October 29, 20030

793:, who performed his last rites, were informed secretly a night before. They were asked to come early Saturday morning. Guru performed his morning prayers and read a few pages of the 4277: 968:

Although the press in India has been broadly supportive of Guru's hanging, a section of the press criticised the manner in which the execution was carried out. In particular, the

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In an interview in 2006 with Jose, Guru said, "If you want to hang me, go ahead with it, but remember it will be a black spot on the judicial and political system of India."

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Later on Afzal Guru in his letter declared the attack on Delhi High Court that killed 11 Indians against the principles of Islam and refuted all allegations with the attack.

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Vinod K. Jose, "Mulakat Afzal: The first interview Mohammad Afzal gave from inside Tihar jail, in 2006" (an interview translated and widely reprinted between 2006 and 2013)

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in 1969 to the family of Habibullah. Habibullah ran a timber and transport business, and died when Guru was a child. Guru completed his schooling from Government School,

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judicial process, depending on quality of evidence. Once the president rejected his mercy petition the government had no option but to carry out the death sentence."

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disagree with the Supreme Court both with its findings of fact and law." The case became political and it was not carried out because of fear of revenge attacks. The

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Afzal's native place was Sopore. There, he ran a commission agency in fruits. It was during this business venture that he came into contact with Tariq, a man from

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announced a four-day mourning on the death of Guru. The Prime Minister of Azad Kashmir, announced three-day mourning and the Kashmir flag waved at half mast.

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On 7 September 2011, a high intensity bomb blast outside Delhi high court killed 11 people and left 76 others injured. In an e-mail sent to a media house

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On 10 August 2011, the home ministry of India rejected the mercy petition, and sent a letter to the President of India recommending the death penalty.

4222: 3890: 3880: 3829: 3332: 3064: 2911: 381: 3809: 3648:. Champa: the Amiya & B.G. Rao Foundation. New Delhi: Promilla & Co. Publishers in association with Bibliophile South Asia and Champa. 2007. 3208: 1974: 4169: 1188: 2966: 3865: 1074:. More than 5,000 copies of the book were printed and circulated, and for the book release a function was attended by Afzal's brother, Aijaz Guru. 960:

However, Swami was very critical of Arundhati Roy for asserting that political parties and the media all colluded to do something terribly wrong.

2984: 2367: 957:— currently living, in some luxury, in his Bahawalpur home. Nothing in recent experience – witness the 26/11 case – suggests this will happen". 2175: 1834: 4227: 3731: 3653: 3619: 2676: 2335: 1292: 3785: 1591: 3822: 3428: 3406: 649:

castigated the trial and argued that Guru has been denied natural justice. Accusations of human rights violations have been made by many.

3267: 4242: 1193: 2233: 4117: 1940: 1746: 663: 2944: 2585: 593:. The co-accused in the case, SAR Geelani and Afsan Guru (wife of Shaukat Husain), were acquitted by the High Court 29 October 2003. 464:(JeM). Gunmen sneaked into the Parliament in a car with Home Ministry and Parliament labels. They drove into the then Vice President 4112: 4107: 869:

SAR Geelani condemned Afzal Guru's hanging was a "cruel and politically motivated gimmick" and a " politically motivated decision."

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were filed, Guru was told that his brother was held in detention. At the time of his confession, he had no legal representation.

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Kashmir. The rationale behind this stipulation is to provide the convict a chance to meet his family members for the last time.

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president and MP, Mehbooba Mufti commented that the centre should pardon Afzal if Pakistan accepted the clemency appeal for

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and the "liberation" of Kashmir at length. In the summer of 1993–94, on the advice of his family, he surrendered to the

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to defuse tension between the two countries and urge them to move away from escalating the Parliament attack into war.

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pointed out that since assumption of office as president Pranab Mukherjee had turned down three clemency petitions –

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protestors at Jantar Mantar. The police detained at least 21 Kashmiri students. Female students were also assaulted.

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and then returned to Sopore shortly afterward to lead 300 rebels. He did odd jobs and completed his graduation from

3677: 2389: 1086:), Maktab-e-Irfan, Lahore, 2013. This book, ostensibly written by Afzal Guru while in Tihar jail, was published by 1062:), 2013. Released seven months after his hanging, this 94-page book, a compilation of diaries, calls for a renewed 3237: 2533: 530:

terrorists, knowing that such persons were terrorists and were members of the Jaish-e-Mohammad, and possession of

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Broughton, Philip Delves; Bedi, Rahul (31 December 2001). "Bush urges India and Pakistan to avert war".

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said: "Afzal Guru’s mercy petition was put before the President. He rejected it. The matter is over."

4217: 4212: 4102: 3999: 3979: 3964: 3931: 3921: 2087:"Afzal Guru's secret hanging a human rights violation: Prosecutor | India News - Times of India" 625: 485: 322: 1383: 4122: 4029: 2417:"Sushil Kumar Shinde to look into Parliament attack accused Afzal Guru's file after winter session" 778: 417: 317:(June 1969 – 9 February 2013) was a Kashmiri terrorist who was convicted for his role in the 282: 178: 4186: 4097: 4049: 4039: 3782: 3671: 3327: 2362: 2195: 2091: 1861: 1595: 1178: 1017: 770: 707: 361: 326: 292: 164: 2639:"Kobad Ghandy on Tihar: 'Jailers Wept for Afzal; Nirbhaya Rapist Vinay Sharma Was a Vile Sort'" 4059: 4054: 3906: 3737: 3727: 3698: 3659: 3649: 3625: 3615: 1913: 1474: 1352: 1319: 1288: 1282: 719: 624:

In October 2006, Guru's wife Tabasum Guru filed a mercy petition with then President of India

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in Kashmir the same day. Very few officers were told about the decision. Three doctors and a

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The hanging of Afzal Guru : and the strange case of the attack on the Indian parliament

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A leader from the Bharatiya Janata Party, then Chief Minister of Gujarat now Prime Minister

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and was preparing for competitive exams when he began to participate in other activities.

329:, he was executed on 9 February 2013. His body was buried within the precincts of Delhi's 3354: 3614:. New Delhi: Promilla & Co., Publishers in association with Bibliophile South Asia. 4009: 1997: 970: 782: 732: 703:

poll in October 2006 showed that 78% of Indians supported the death penalty for Afzal.

679: 670: 653: 586: 583: 473: 841:(VHP) members were celebrating the hanging of Afzal Guru. Soon Kashmiri students from 4206: 3984: 3969: 3723: 3323:"No politics please: Afzal Guru's execution must be seen through a legal prism alone" 1135: 1132:

The hanging of Afzal Guru and the strange case of the attack on the Indian parliament

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some political groups feel these offers of solidarity and friendship with suspicion.

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Guru's family was informed of his execution two days after by a letter sent through

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Omar Abdullah's father, Former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, Union minister

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led the police to see Afzal Guru as having become an "insurgent spiritual leader".

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legal process in the Parliament attack mastermind Afzal Guru's case was "flawed".

2831:"Afzal Guru hanged: Curfew imposed in Kashmir valley, NH closed to avert trouble" 2608:"Afzal had deep dislike for Pakistan, ISI: Khobad Gandhy in letter to journalist" 2121: 4153: 4092: 4069: 3989: 3974: 1071: 834: 822: 736: 699: 3088:"Afzal Guru's hanging: Political parties say justice done – The Economic Times" 2775:"Afzal Guru hanging: SAR Geelani taken into preventive custody by Delhi Police" 4004: 3941: 3814: 3532:"Citing Delhi prison manual, Centre to reject Guru family's plea for his body" 1677:"Davinder link wouldn't have affected verdict, says judge in Afzal Guru trial" 1096: 552: 330: 261: 253: 145: 3741: 3702: 3663: 3629: 3455:"Afzal Guru's family was informed about the hanging decision on time: Shinde" 3407:"Afzal Guru hanging: Two days later, speed post reaches family - India - DNA" 3065:"In Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir, Asif Ali Zardari attacks Afzal Guru execution" 2741:"Curfew imposed after India hangs Kashmiri man for 2001 attack on Parliament" 1356: 1323: 2548:"In last letter to wife, Afzal Guru named hanging code Operation Three Star" 1971:"Full text: Supreme Court judgement on Parliament attack convict Afzal Guru" 945: 885:

opposition to the global trend towards moving away from the death penalty".

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and passed the matriculation exam in 1986. He subsequently enrolled in the

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Supreme Court of India, Judgement on Appeal by Guru on 5 August 2005.

373: 357: 123: 3138:"Afzal Guru hanging: voice of affirmation across political spectrum" 2288:"Afzal Guru's mercy petition not yet sent to president: Chidambaram" 64:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 1862:"Indian Supreme Court stays execution of parliament attack convict" 735:

in New Delhi on 23 February 2011. With the death penalty handed to

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the prisoner's funeral will be an occasion for a demonstration".

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Framing Geelani, hanging Afzal: patriotism in the time of terror

3481:"Afzal Guru's execution was done as per law: Sushilkumar Shinde" 3429:"Two days after hanging, speed post reaches Afzal Guru's family" 3012:"Afzal Guru's hanging a political move: judge who sentenced him" 2704:"Two days after hanging, speed post reaches Afzal Guru's family" 2258:"Afzal Guru Mercy petition file is not with President of India!" 2182:. 31 August 2005. Archived from the original on 19 December 2007 1110:

Framing Geelani, hanging Afzal: Patriotism in the time of terror

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On 12 November 2006, the former Deputy Prime Minister of India,

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Ahle Imaan Ke Naam Shaheed Mohammad Afzal Guru Ka Aakhri Paigam

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INDIA: NEW EXECUTION POINTS TO WORRYING AND REGRESSIVE TREND

1710:"SC Refuses To Review Judgement in Parliament Attack Case" 718:(BJP) severely criticised Arundhati Roy. BJP spokesperson 731:

interview with NDTV. This was confirmed by Home Minister

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Martyr Afzal Guru's Last Message to the Peoples of Faith

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Guru was charged under several sections of POTA and the

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medical college. He had completed the first year of his

2472:"Decision on Afzal Guru's mercy petition in fortnight?" 2358:"HuJI claims responsibility for Delhi high court blast" 1888:"All you need to know about the 2001 Parliament attack" 1594:. Supreme Court of India. 4 August 2005. Archived from 777:(MHA), including Afzal Guru's. The president requested 53: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2664: 2530:"Parliament attack convict Afzal Guru has been hanged" 1592:"State (N.C.T. Of Delhi) vs Navjot Sandhu@ Afsan Guru" 1470:"India executes Afzul Guru for 2001 parliament attack" 2499: 2497: 325:. Following the rejection of a mercy petition by the 3183:"Guru's execution: AJK announces three-day mourning" 2853: 2851: 2677:"Afzal Guru hanged in secrecy, buried in Tihar Jail" 1164:

2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election

4162: 4146: 4078: 3940: 3899: 3853: 3377:"Parliament attack victims' kin to write to Pranab" 2912:"Curfew imposed across Kashmir to prevent protests" 2306:"Home Ministry rejects Afzal Guru's mercy petition" 1935: 1933: 1931: 427:, made Guru visit Geelani and they used to discuss 298: 288: 277: 259: 245: 235: 221: 213: 205: 195: 184: 174: 160: 138: 112: 96: 3810:Life history of Afzal Guru (Hindi-language source) 2798: 2796: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1799: 739:, the speculation was that Guru was next in line. 3765:"Delhi High Court – State vs Mohd. Afzal And Ors" 3110:"Public opinion forced Afzal Guru's hanging: BJP" 1254:"Delhi High Court – State vs Mohd. Afzal And Ors" 460:The 13 December 2001 attack was conducted by the 2941:"Anti-India protests held despite strict curfew" 2934: 2932: 2675:Joshi, Sandeep; Kumar, Ashok (9 February 2013). 1704: 1702: 1284:The Pakistan Paradox: Instability and Resilience 978:, Afzal Guru and Saibanna Ningappa Natekar. The 3261: 3259: 3165:"Centre out to violate federal structure: Modi" 2234:"BJP flays Arundhati Roy for 'defending' Afzal" 1907: 1905: 1508: 1506: 1504: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1496: 1494: 1492: 994:However in another article, it was observed in 608: 3238:"Afzal Guru's case was different, says Shinde" 2905: 2903: 2578:"Afzal Guru's last letter delivered to family" 1998:"Kashmir uproar over Afzal Guru clemency plea" 1741: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1586: 1584: 1582: 1580: 1578: 1576: 1379: 1377: 1375: 1373: 605:In its judgement, the Supreme Court observed: 400:for the liberation of Kashmir. He crossed the 4278:Indian people imprisoned on terrorism charges 3830: 3645:The Afzal petition : a quest for justice 2769: 2767: 1868:(Subscription). Asia Africa Intelligence Wire 1835:"How intelligence got it right on Ghazi Baba" 1438:"Guru: A commission agent in fruits business" 8: 3131: 3129: 3127: 2733: 2731: 2729: 1394: 1392: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1211: 1209: 3383:. New York. 9 February 2013. Archived from 2967:"Scuffle in Delhi over Afzal Gurus hanging" 2806:. ANI News. 9 February 2013. Archived from 2216:"Bitta urges President not to pardon Afzal" 1651:"Clemency-seekers weakened Afzal's defence" 1615: 1613: 1514:"Afzal hanging: From arrest till the noose" 1276: 1274: 676:Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party 3876:Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party 3837: 3823: 3815: 3575:"Afzal Guru and the Jaish’s jihad project" 3291: 3289: 2777:. IBNLive. 9 February 2013. Archived from 2532:. TDNPost. 9 February 2013. Archived from 2524: 2522: 1463: 1461: 1459: 93: 3881:Jammu Kashmir Democratic Liberation Party 3800:Clemency-seekers weakened Afzal's defence 3795:Bitta urges President not to pardon Afzal 3506:"Lawyers of Afzal Guru's family withdraw" 2076:, Amnesty International, 9 February 2013. 1644: 1642: 501:On 15 December 2001, the special cell of 80:Learn how and when to remove this message 1973:. Supreme Court of India. Archived from 1777:"I Hope My Forced Silence Will Be Heard" 1306: 1304: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1189:Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir 833:There were scuffles in Delhi too, where 3866:All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference 1520:. Press Trust of India. 9 February 2013 1205: 1149:Hurriyat and Problems before Plebiscite 1116:The Afzal petition: A quest for justice 3891:United Kashmir People's National Party 3805:Terror needs direct response (Opinion) 3669: 3556:Ishfaq-ul-Hassan (18 September 2013), 2858:Williams, Matthias (9 February 2013). 2390:"Don't link me with blast: Afzal Guru" 2328:"11 dead, 76 injured in terror strike" 2193: 1675:Choudhury, Sunetra (14 January 2020). 188:Role, conviction and execution in the 4283:People convicted on terrorism charges 3783:Supreme Court judgement on Afzal Guru 3268:"The vanity of 13/12 'truth-telling'" 3232: 3230: 2910:Pandit, M Saleem (10 February 2013). 2752:from the original on 27 February 2013 2618:from the original on 28 November 2020 2104: 2102: 1406: 1404: 1066:against India and takes as model the 7: 3355:"India hangs Afzal Guru - Newspaper" 3163:Dasgupta, Manas (18 February 2012). 2888:. Kashmirnewz.com. 29 September 2006 2829:Pandit, M Saleem (9 February 2013). 2738:Buncombe, Andrew (9 February 2013). 1866:BBC Monitoring International Reports 1860:PTI news agency (20 February 2004). 1687:from the original on 14 January 2020 1412:"Afzal Guru hanged, buried in Tihar" 1345:"Afzal Guru: A chronology of events" 1312:"Afzal Guru: A chronology of events" 336:He was a member of a Pakistan-based 4263:People executed by India by hanging 4258:People convicted of murder by India 3573:Muzamil Jaleel (18 February 2017), 3266:Swami, Praveen (11 February 2013). 3112:. Deccanherald.com. 9 February 2013 2943:. Kashmirreader.com. Archived from 2047:Roy, Arundhati (15 December 2006). 1996:Khan, Mehboob (29 September 2011). 1912:Roy, Arundhati (15 December 2006). 1716:. 22 September 2005. Archived from 1620:Anand, Utkarsh (10 February 2013). 1222:Anwar, Tarique (16 February 2013). 1194:Human rights abuses in Azad Kashmir 641:believe that the trial was flawed. 412:. There, he became a member of the 4118:Amarnath land transfer controversy 3331:. 11 February 2013. Archived from 3010:Nair, Harish V (9 February 2013). 2939:Ahmad, Marouf (10 February 2013). 2649:from the original on 25 March 2021 2584:. 15 February 2013. Archived from 2554:. 12 February 2013. Archived from 2478:. 13 December 2012. Archived from 2448:. 10 December 2012. Archived from 2366:. 7 September 2011. Archived from 2334:. 7 September 2011. Archived from 1649:Roy, Arundhati (19 October 2006). 1384:Who is Afzal Guru – One India News 893:In April 2013, Pakistan President 664:Communist Party of India (Marxist) 509:were also arrested by the police. 25: 4238:Indian people convicted of murder 4113:2001 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre 4108:2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre 3063:PTI news agency (17 April 2013). 2415:Sharma, Aman (11 December 2012). 2152:. 28 October 2006. Archived from 1622:"The legal journey of Afzal Guru" 1539:Keerthana, R (15 February 2013). 1468:Magnier, Mark (9 February 2013). 1118:by Nandita Haksar (editor), 2007. 925:Jammu and Kashmir chief minister 877:International Human Rights Groups 773:had sent seven cases back to the 515:Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 4223:21st-century executions by India 3409:. Dnaindia.com. 11 February 2013 2312:. 10 August 2011. Archived from 2264:. 7 January 2010. Archived from 1833:Sinha, Ashish (30 August 2007). 104: 34: 3861:All Parties Hurriyat Conference 3697:(in Urdu). Vaqār Pablīkeshanz. 2886:"Kashmir Newz Picture / 290906" 2637:Thapar, Karan (14 March 2021). 920:All Parties Hurriyat Conference 3886:Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front 3590:Bilal Handoo (29 March 2018), 3090:. Economictimes.indiatimes.com 3044:. Amnesty.org. 9 February 2013 2123:Playing With National Security 1281:Jaffrelot, Christophe (2015). 687:All-India Anti-Terrorist Front 414:Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front 1: 3592:"The untold Afzal Guru story" 2108:(30 October 2006). No Mercy. 1169:2001 Indian Parliament attack 636:There was an appeal to issue 456:2001 Indian Parliament attack 410:Pakistan administered Kashmir 319:2001 Indian Parliament attack 190:2001 Indian Parliament attack 4228:Human rights abuses in India 3357:. Dawn.Com. 10 February 2013 1890:. Firstpost. 9 February 2013 986:In a different article, the 423:Shaukat who was a friend of 396:, who motivated him to join 3927:People's Anti-Fascist Front 3871:Balawaristan National Front 2507:. NDTV.com. 20 October 2006 1386:. Retrieved 9 February 2013 1287:. Oxford University Press. 1184:Capital punishment in India 1034:Handing over Guru's remains 1016:Indian Union Home Minister 948:published in an article by 847:Jawaharlal Nehru University 60:the claims made and adding 4304: 4243:Islamic terrorism in India 1128:) by Shabnam Qayyum, 2013. 484:and Indian Prime Minister 453: 3598:. Retrieved 2 April 2019. 3581:. Retrieved 2 April 2019. 2862:. Reuters. Archived from 2702:IANS (11 February 2013). 2200:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2023:"Why Afzal Must not Hang" 1747:"The Case of Mohd. Afzal" 1024: 747:Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami 652:Former Jammu and Kashmir 476:made a telephone call to 308: 231: 142:9 February 2013 (aged 43) 103: 4182:OHCHR reports on Kashmir 4133:2016–2017 Kashmir unrest 3694:Phānsī : murattabah 3691:Qayyūm, Shabnam (2013). 3608:Haksar, Nandita (2007). 3564:. Retrieved 13 May 2020. 2176:"Pardon Afzal: Mehbooba" 1941:"The Case of SAR Gilani" 1567:The Daily Telegraph (UK) 1112:by Nandita Haksar, 2007. 775:Ministry of Home Affairs 691:Maninderjeet Singh Bitta 497:Investigation and arrest 273:Possession of explosives 271:Waging war against India 4288:Executed mass murderers 3788:20 October 2016 at the 3716:Roy, Arundhati (2013). 3136:PTI (9 February 2013). 3086:PTI (9 February 2013). 1916:. London: Guardian (UK) 1033: 1002: 340:terrorist organisation 4233:Executed Indian people 3900:Militant organisations 3676:: CS1 maint: others ( 1541:"The Afzal Guru story" 826:and spreading unrest. 812:Aftermath of execution 755: 728: 716:Bharatiya Janata Party 612: 597:Supreme Court of India 4273:Inmates of Tihar Jail 4138:2019 Kashmir lockdown 4065:Syed Ali Shah Geelani 4035:Mohammad Abbas Ansari 2129:30 March 2012 at the 1154:Syed Ali Shah Geelani 882:Amnesty International 839:Vishva Hindu Parishad 765:On 16 November 2012, 751: 724: 657:Mufti Mohammed Sayeed 435:Border Security Force 420:in the year 1993–94. 227:Ayesha Begum (mother) 4103:1988 Gilgit massacre 3980:Abdullah Yusuf Azzam 3965:Ashiq Hussain Faktoo 3932:The Resistance Front 3922:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen 2746:The Independent (UK) 2614:. 10 February 2017. 2246:on 23 November 2006. 2146:"The People's Paper" 1720:on 20 September 2014 626:A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 486:Atal Bihari Vajpayee 323:Indian Supreme Court 4187:Over Ground Workers 4170:Human rights abuses 4123:2010 Kashmir unrest 4030:Mirwaiz Umar Farooq 3848:separatist movement 3187:The News (Pakistan) 3022:on 10 February 2013 2866:on 21 February 2016 2781:on 19 December 2013 2714:on 11 February 2013 2588:on 27 February 2013 2558:on 12 February 2013 2452:on 12 February 2013 2294:. 23 February 2011. 2095:. 13 February 2013. 1977:on 12 February 2013 1951:on 12 February 2013 1351:. 3 December 2002. 1318:. 9 February 2013. 1025:Lawyers' suspension 779:Sushil Kumar Shinde 315:Mohammad Afzal Guru 283:Parliament of India 281:2001 attack on the 225:Habibullah (father) 179:University of Delhi 161:Cause of death 117:Mohammed Afzal Guru 4268:Kashmiri Islamists 4248:Kashmiri militants 4098:Kashmir insurgency 4050:Sardar Arif Shahid 4040:Muhammad Ahsan Dar 3538:. 15 February 2013 3536:The Indian Express 3512:. 13 February 2013 3461:. 11 February 2013 3435:. 12 February 2013 3433:The Shillong Times 3328:The Times of India 3303:. 10 February 2013 3301:The Times of India 3244:. 11 February 2013 3215:. 11 February 2013 3213:The Economic Times 2971:The Times of India 2916:The Times of India 2482:on 15 January 2013 2421:The Times of India 2394:The Indian Express 2370:on 6 November 2012 2363:The Times of India 2338:on 4 November 2012 2268:on 13 January 2011 2222:. 8 November 2006. 2220:The Times of India 2156:on 1 December 2006 2134:People's Democracy 2092:The Times of India 1814:. Caravan Magazine 1757:on 16 January 2013 1655:The Times of India 1598:on 20 October 2016 1179:Terrorism in India 1018:Sushilkumar Shinde 771:President of India 708:Lal Krishna Advani 362:Baramulla district 327:President of India 45:possibly contains 4200: 4199: 4060:Sheikh Abdul Aziz 4055:Sayeed Salahudeen 3907:Hizbul Mujahideen 3854:Political parties 3733:978-0-14-342075-0 3655:978-81-85002-83-5 3621:978-81-85002-80-4 3189:. 9 February 2013 3171:. Chennai, India. 2991:. 9 February 2013 2536:on 11 April 2013. 2396:. 9 February 2013 1475:Los Angeles Times 1444:. 9 February 2013 1418:. 9 February 2013 1294:978-0-19-023518-5 1003:Victims' families 902:Political parties 720:Prakash Javadekar 527:Indian Penal Code 404:and proceeded to 370:Jammu and Kashmir 352:Guru was born in 312: 311: 250:Islamic extremism 128:Jammu and Kashmir 90: 89: 82: 47:original research 27:Kashmiri militant 16:(Redirected from 4295: 4088:Kashmir conflict 3995:Farooq Ahmed Dar 3950:Abdul Hamid Khan 3917:Jaish-e-Mohammed 3839: 3832: 3825: 3816: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3746: 3745: 3713: 3707: 3706: 3688: 3682: 3681: 3675: 3667: 3640: 3634: 3633: 3605: 3599: 3596:Kashmir Narrator 3588: 3582: 3571: 3565: 3554: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3528: 3522: 3521: 3519: 3517: 3502: 3496: 3495: 3493: 3491: 3477: 3471: 3470: 3468: 3466: 3451: 3445: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3425: 3419: 3418: 3416: 3414: 3403: 3397: 3396: 3394: 3392: 3387:on 11 April 2013 3381:Daily News (USA) 3373: 3367: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3351: 3345: 3344: 3342: 3340: 3335:on 11 April 2013 3319: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3308: 3293: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3274:. Chennai, India 3263: 3254: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3234: 3225: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3205: 3199: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3179: 3173: 3172: 3160: 3154: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3144:. Chennai, India 3133: 3122: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3106: 3100: 3099: 3097: 3095: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3072: 3060: 3054: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3018:. Archived from 3007: 3001: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2981: 2975: 2974: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2936: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2907: 2898: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2882: 2876: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2855: 2846: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2826: 2820: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2800: 2791: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2771: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2743: 2735: 2724: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2710:. Archived from 2699: 2693: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2683:. 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2139: 2131:Wayback Machine 2120: 2116: 2107: 2100: 2085: 2084: 2080: 2072: 2068: 2058: 2056: 2049:"India's shame" 2046: 2045: 2041: 2031: 2029: 2021: 2020: 2016: 2006: 2004: 1995: 1994: 1990: 1980: 1978: 1969: 1968: 1964: 1954: 1952: 1939: 1938: 1929: 1919: 1917: 1914:"India's shame" 1911: 1910: 1903: 1893: 1891: 1886: 1885: 1881: 1871: 1869: 1859: 1858: 1854: 1844: 1842: 1832: 1831: 1827: 1817: 1815: 1812:"Mulakat Afzal" 1810:Jose, Vinod K. 1809: 1808: 1797: 1787: 1785: 1775: 1774: 1770: 1760: 1758: 1745: 1744: 1733: 1723: 1721: 1708: 1707: 1700: 1690: 1688: 1681:Hindustan Times 1674: 1673: 1669: 1659: 1657: 1648: 1647: 1640: 1630: 1628: 1619: 1618: 1611: 1601: 1599: 1590: 1589: 1574: 1564: 1563: 1559: 1549: 1547: 1538: 1537: 1533: 1523: 1521: 1512: 1511: 1490: 1480: 1478: 1467: 1466: 1457: 1447: 1445: 1436: 1435: 1431: 1421: 1419: 1410: 1409: 1402: 1397: 1390: 1382: 1371: 1361: 1359: 1343: 1342: 1338: 1328: 1326: 1310: 1309: 1302: 1295: 1280: 1279: 1272: 1262: 1260: 1252: 1251: 1242: 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