619:
51:
781:
507:
500:
2954:
673:
1309:
1324:, arriving back in Hamburg on 11 April 1939. Meanwhile, the Norwegian government had learned about the expedition through reports from whalers along the coast of Queen Maud Land. Although some, notably Norwegian writer Bjarne Aagaard and German geographer Ernst Herrmann, have claimed that Germany never actually occupied the territory, it is well documented that Germany issued a decree about the establishment of a German Antarctic Sector called New Swabia after the expedition's return in August 1939.
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in
Austria before the expedition). None of these have ever been recovered. Eight more flights were made to areas of keen interest and on these trips, some of the photos were taken with colour film. Altogether they flew over hundreds of thousands of square kilometers and took more than 16,000 aerial
1920:
claims. Most assert that, in the wake of the German expedition of 1938–39, a huge military base was built there. After the war, high-ranking Nazis, scientists, and elite military units are claimed to have survived there. The US and UK have supposedly been trying to conquer the area for decades, and
1272:. About a dozen 1.2-meter (3.9 ft)-long aluminum arrows, with 30-centimeter (12 in) steel cones and three upper stabilizer wings embossed with swastikas, were airdropped onto the ice at turning points of the flight polygons (these arrows had been tested on the
1256:
after the ship, the expedition established a temporary base and in the following weeks teams walked along the coast recording claim reservations on hills and other significant landmarks. Seven photographic survey flights were made by the ship's two
1343:
under German influence. However, no attempt at controlling or incorporating these territories were made, and any German territory in
Antarctica was relinquished following the defeat of Germany in May 1945.
5760:
432:
1151:
with a goal of crossing
Antarctica to learn if it was one piece of land. As happened with other such early attempts, the crossing failed before it even began. The expedition discovered and named the
1128:
were astronomical, meteorological, and hydrological, mostly in close collaboration with scientific teams from other countries. As the 19th century ended, Germany began to focus on
Antarctica.
1398:) is still used for the region on some maps, as are many of the German names given to its geographic features. Some geographic features mapped by the expedition were not named until the
2012:
1022:
994:
6622:
2451:
1214:
and the common flag for all German colonies during the Nazi period (NS was the only "colony"). There is also no evidence that the flag was ever actually flown in this territory.
1195:
in
Germany and the country was the second largest purchaser of Norwegian whale oil, importing some 200,000 metric tonnes annually. Besides the disadvantage of being dependent on
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3011:
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50:
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sent expeditions to the
Antarctic region in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, most of which were scientific. The late 19th century expeditions to the
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1995:
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Germany made no formal territorial claims to New Swabia. No whaling station or other lasting bases were built there by
Germany until the
1163:
fleet was put to sea in 1937 and, upon its successful return in early 1938, plans for a third German
Antarctic expedition were drawn up.
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1183:. The main purpose was to find an area in Antarctica for a German whaling station, as a way to increase Germany's production of fat.
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1991:
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to have used nuclear weapons in this effort. Proponents claim the base is sustained by hot springs providing energy and warmth.
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research stations, was spotted from the air by
Richard Heinrich Schirmacher (who named it after himself) shortly before the
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Neuschwabenland has been the subject of conspiracy theories for decades, some of them related to
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1987:
1982:
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Germany never advanced any territorial claims to the region, which were abandoned in 1945.
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16:
A territory of
Antarctica in Queen Maud Land, first explored by Nazi Germany in 1938/39
1406:. Others were not named until they were remapped from aerial photographs taken by the
1339:
to Germany later that year also technically brought the French Antarctic territory of
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4006:
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3427:
3405:
3329:
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1928:
radio play "Neuschwabenland-Symphonie" from 2012 takes up the conspiracy theories.
1838:
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1465:
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1083:
1055:
924:
506:
35:
1277:
photographs, some of which were published after the war by Ritscher. The ice-free
1218:
On 17 December 1938, the New Swabia Expedition left Hamburg for Antarctica aboard
2199:
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2522:
1889:
1828:
1813:
1753:
1600:
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1440:
1258:
1063:
2407:
Kartographische Arbeiten und deutsche Namengebung in Neuschwabenland, Antarktis
6431:
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5682:
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2532:
1823:
1590:
1445:
1327:
Shortly after the expedition's return, World War II broke out in Europe, with
1316:
On its return trip to Germany, the expedition made oceanographic studies near
1067:
147:
6593:
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5641:
4478:
4030:
3813:
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2497:
2227:
1917:
1833:
1470:
1420:
1188:
1184:
2067:"Hitler Sent a Secret Expedition to Antarctica in a Hunt for Margarine Fat"
1312:
German map of Antarctica (1941) showing Neuschwabenland (territorial claim)
2255:
1296:
66:
6449:
6408:
5573:
2891:
2400:
2387:
2355:
1688:
1261:
1210:
Flag sometimes attributed to New Swabia, but in fact was the flag of the
1203:. Another goal was to scout possible locations for a German naval base.
6519:
6425:
6200:
5580:
4367:
3845:
3821:
3809:
1196:
1160:
1093:
499:
229:
4446:
3771:
2763:
2416:
2375:
1390:
Because the area was first explored by a German expedition, the name
1245:
1226:
1097:
708:
618:
582:
3223:
3832:
1884:, a research facility, was established in 1981. Germany's current
1307:
1295:
1205:
672:
2106:, Volume 43 Issue 1, pp. 1–21. Cambridge University Press, 2007.
1192:
1147:. The second German Antarctic expedition (1911–1912) was led by
6348:
5023:
3265:
3227:
2678:
2433:
2204:. Office of Polar Programs and the National Science Foundation.
1187:
was then the most important raw material for the production of
1135:
from 1901 to 1903. Led by Arctic veteran and geology professor
1354:
1331:
in April of 1940. This occupation technically extended to the
2674:
2340:
German exploration of the polar world. A history, 1870–1940
2201:
The Status of Antarctica in the Light of International Law
1240:
s crew of 24. On 19 January 1939, the ship arrived at the
2295:
Neuschwabenland – Verschwörung, Mythos oder Ammenmärchen?
1225:(a freighter built in 1925 and renamed in 1934 after the
1229:
region in southern Germany) which could also carry and
1371:
2145:
Ritscher's expedition report, more information pending
1086:
in early 1939 and named after that expedition's ship,
2417:"Skeptoid #559: Hitler's Antarctic Fortress Unmasked"
2368:
Photographs of the MS Schwabenland and its seaplanes
1233:
aircraft. The secret expedition had 33 members plus
6546:
6539:
6507:
6498:
6460:
6389:
6382:
6001:
5732:
5319:
5059:
4432:
3963:
3808:
3306:
3141:
3040:
3004:
2961:
2905:
2854:
2777:
2712:
2638:
2620:
2593:
2467:
2091:"Hitler's Antarctic base: the myth and the reality"
1896:which within Norway is administered as a Norwegian
117:
104:
91:
79:
23:
3012:Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs
1131:The first German expedition to Antarctica was the
2117:"Former German Colonies and Overseas Territories"
2044:"Hitler's Secret Antarctic Expedition for Whales"
1400:Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition
1244:, in an area which had lately been claimed by
6623:States and territories disestablished in 1945
6360:
3239:
2690:
2445:
2342:Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press.
2240:Mythos Neu-Schwabenland. Für Hitler am Südpol
1293:left the Antarctic coast on 6 February 1939.
1016:
71:Territory comprising New Swabia marked in red
8:
1351:Geographic features mapped by the expedition
2128:
2126:
2100:, by Colin Summerhayes and Peter Beeching,
2086:
2084:
1976:
1974:
1972:
6618:States and territories established in 1939
6543:
6504:
6386:
6367:
6353:
6345:
5033:
5020:
3275:
3262:
3246:
3232:
3224:
2774:
2697:
2683:
2675:
2452:
2438:
2430:
2187:. International Hydrographic Bureau. 1943.
1335:, nearby to New Swabia. Additionally, the
1058:within the Norwegian territorial claim of
1023:
1009:
840:United States Antarctic Service Expedition
143:
65:
20:
1139:, this was the first expedition to use a
6638:Research and development in Nazi Germany
6376:Former German colonies and protectorates
6304:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
5879:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
2376:More photographs of the MS Schwabenland
2006:
2004:
1968:
1904:by the Polar Affairs Department of the
1888:is also in the region. New Swabia is a
1173:German Antarctic Expedition (1938–1939)
1167:German Antarctic Expedition (1938–1939)
1143:in Antarctica. It also found and named
975:
921:
777:
705:
669:
615:
579:
496:
262:
226:
154:
146:
2216:National Geographic Atlas of the World
325:Scottish National Antarctic Expedition
2184:The International Hydrographic Review
2013:"Annekteringen av Dronning Maud Land"
137:
133:
116:
103:
90:
86:
74:
7:
6663:1945 disestablishments in Antarctica
3203:
5665:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
3862:Norse colonization of North America
2401:1911–12 German Antarctic Expedition
2388:1901–03 German Antarctic Expedition
2136:('Lonely, Islands 2'), Holland 1994
1066:name sometimes given to an area of
5194:United States Exploring Expedition
2069:. A&E Television Networks, LLC
1906:Ministry of Justice and the Police
750:6th Norwegian Antarctic Expedition
14:
6673:1945 disestablishments in Germany
6658:1939 establishments in Antarctica
6268:Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
5636:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
6487:
6162:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
5555:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
3202:
3193:
3192:
2952:
2584:
2461:Territorial claims in Antarctica
2403:, Scott Polar Research Institute
2242:, Selent: Bonus, 2004, p. 106,
1358:
1333:Norwegian Antarctic Dependencies
923:
779:
707:
671:
617:
581:
505:
498:
264:
228:
156:
49:
966:2nd Soviet Antarctic Expedition
948:1st Soviet Antarctic Expedition
6678:Antarctica during World War II
6668:1939 establishments in Germany
2488:Australian Antarctic Territory
2392:Scott Polar Research Institute
2158:Exploring Polar Frontiers: M-Z
2042:Luke Fater (6 November 2019).
2019:(in Norwegian). Archived from
1938:Antarctica during World War II
1408:Norwegian Antarctic Expedition
1179:(1879–1963), a captain in the
397:Shackleton's second expedition
199:International Geophysical Year
1:
5541:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
5476:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
1986:, frances lincoln ltd, 2009,
1948:List of Antarctic expeditions
1082:. New Swabia was explored by
696:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
415:Shackleton's third expedition
343:Shackleton's first expedition
270:British Empire / Commonwealth
5898:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
5714:Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
5520:French Antarctic Expeditions
5450:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
5336:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
3454:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
2155:William James Mills (2003).
1402:(NBSAE) (1949–1952), led by
606:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
253:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
4983:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
4662:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
3527:Andrée's balloon expedition
2552:Chilean Antarctic Territory
2540:British Antarctic Territory
2161:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 552–.
1108:Like many other countries,
660:Charcot's second expedition
108:German occupation of Norway
34:Defunct Antarctic claim of
6694:
6633:Regions of Queen Maud Land
4184:Franklin's lost expedition
3884:Christian IV's expeditions
1882:Georg von Neumayer Station
995:NBSX (Maudheim Expedition)
642:Charcot's first expedition
487:Trans-Antarctic Expedition
433:Mawson's second expedition
6643:Germany and the Antarctic
6483:
5036:
5032:
5019:
4538:Great Northern Expedition
4214:Rae–Richardson expedition
3414:British Arctic Expedition
3278:
3274:
3261:
3188:
2950:
2582:
1201:foreign currency reserves
1092:, itself named after the
379:Mawson's first expedition
361:Scott's second expedition
289:Southern Cross Expedition
138:
134:
130:
87:
75:
64:
46:
41:
33:
5822:British Antarctic Survey
5816:Captain Arturo Prat Base
5061:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
2862:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
2301:Nr. 3, 2013, S. 100–106.
2198:Jacek Machowski (1977).
2096:13 December 2016 at the
1804:Südliche Petermann Range
1666:Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains
1329:Germany occupying Norway
822:Byrd's second expedition
307:Scott's first expedition
181:International Polar Year
162:International agreements
6298:Pole of inaccessibility
5961:Antarctic Treaty System
4302:2nd Grinnell expedition
2312:"ARD-Hörspieldatenbank"
2273:Encyclopædia Britannica
1902:Antarctic Treaty System
1404:John Schjelderup Giæver
804:Byrd's first expedition
217:Antarctic Treaty System
2218:, Eighth Edition, 2005
2011:Widerøe, Turi (2008).
1616:Kvitskarvhalsen Saddle
1313:
1305:
1281:, which now hosts the
1215:
1145:Kaiser Wilhelm II Land
1047:
451:Graham Land expedition
6628:History of Antarctica
5968:Transglobe Expedition
5867:Operation Deep Freeze
5276:Challenger expedition
4142:Coppermine expedition
3663:Drifting ice stations
2338:Murphy, D.T. (2002).
1631:Luna-Devyat' Mountain
1311:
1299:
1242:Princess Martha Coast
1209:
912:Operation Deep Freeze
570:New Swabia expedition
2653:Uruguayan Antarctica
2648:Brazilian Antarctica
2545:Queen Elizabeth Land
2483:Argentine Antarctica
2415:(21 February 2017).
2023:on 24 September 2015
1886:Neumayer Station III
1799:Storsåtklubben Ridge
1794:Storkvarvet Mountain
1372:adding missing items
121:Surrender of Germany
6590: /
6138:South magnetic pole
4804:Brusilov expedition
3913:Danish colonization
3351:North magnetic pole
3175:Robert Falcon Scott
2832:South magnetic pole
2790:Antarctic Peninsula
2785:Biogeographic realm
2657:American Antarctica
2384:Erich von Drygalski
2134:Eenzaam, Eilanden 2
2017:Norsk Polarhistorie
1912:Conspiracy theories
1898:dependent territory
1854:Weyprecht Mountains
1481:Fjellimellom Valley
1461:Drygalski Mountains
1322:Fernando de Noronha
1137:Erich von Drygalski
732:Amundsen expedition
552:Filchner expedition
6653:1939 in Antarctica
6648:1938 in Antarctica
5829:Operation Windmill
5810:Operation Highjump
4785:Rusanov expedition
4690:A. E. Nordenskiöld
4434:North East Passage
4238:McClure expedition
3113:Telecommunications
3027:Territorial claims
2664:Spanish Antarctica
2660:Russian Antarctica
2508:Princess Elizabeth
1980:McGonigal, David,
1953:Operation Highjump
1864:Zhil'naya Mountain
1859:Wohlthat Mountains
1809:Sverdrup Mountains
1784:Steinbotnen Cirque
1704:Rømlingsletta Flat
1546:Humboldt Mountains
1521:Herrmann Mountains
1476:Filchner Mountains
1370:; you can help by
1314:
1306:
1216:
1212:Reichskolonialbund
1157:Filchner Ice Shelf
876:Operation Windmill
858:Operation Highjump
6573:
6572:
6569:
6568:
6535:
6534:
6481:
6480:
6416:South West Africa
6342:
6341:
6338:
6337:
6334:
6333:
5796:Operation Tabarin
5658:Far Eastern Party
5504:Nimrod Expedition
5015:
5014:
5011:
5010:
4574:M. Pronchishcheva
4496:Siberian Cossacks
3965:Northwest Passage
3298:Research stations
3255:Polar exploration
3221:
3220:
3180:Ernest Shackleton
3108:Research stations
3053:Antarctic English
3022:National programs
3017:Military activity
2991:COVID-19 pandemic
2948:
2947:
2817:Floristic Kingdom
2722:Antarctic sea ice
2672:
2671:
2639:Unrecognized and
2613:
2605:
2577:
2569:
2561:
2513:Kaiser Wilhelm II
2479:
2316:hoerspiele.dra.de
2268:"Queen Maud Land"
2168:978-1-57607-422-0
1996:978-0-7112-2980-8
1774:Sørskeidet Valley
1739:Schirmacher Ponds
1734:Schirmacher Oasis
1709:Rindehallet Slope
1611:Kvitkleven Cirque
1606:Kvamsgavlen Cliff
1571:Isingsalen Saddle
1536:Hortebrekka Slope
1426:Aurdalsegga Ridge
1388:
1387:
1279:Schirmacher Oasis
1122:Kerguelen Islands
1050:) was a disputed
1033:
1032:
768:Luncke expedition
469:Operation Tabarin
142:
141:
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6440:Kapitaï and Koba
6434:
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6355:
6346:
5843:Ronne Expedition
5328:
5322:
5186:Dumont d'Urville
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4569:V. Pronchishchev
3276:
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3170:James Clark Ross
3142:Famous explorers
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2132:Boudewijn Büch.
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2008:
1999:
1978:
1869:Zwiesel Mountain
1844:Vestskotet Bluff
1779:Stabben Mountain
1769:Slithallet Slope
1749:Sjøbotnen Cirque
1729:Sandeggtind Peak
1699:Preuschoff Range
1694:Petermann Ranges
1656:Mount Zimmermann
1651:Mount Neustruyev
1621:Låghamaren Cliff
1556:Isdalsegga Ridge
1541:Horteflaket Névé
1486:Fimbul Ice Shelf
1451:Conrad Mountains
1431:Austvorren Ridge
1383:
1380:
1362:
1361:
1355:
1287:Novolazarevskaya
1274:Pasterze glacier
1254:Neu-Schwabenland
1239:
1149:Wilhelm Filchner
1133:Gauss expedition
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894:Ronne expedition
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6404:Kionga Triangle
6378:
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5997:
5873:McMurdo Station
5742:Modern research
5740:
5728:
5463:O. Nordenskjöld
5326:
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5231:Ross expedition
5055:
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5007:
4436:
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3969:Northern Canada
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3184:
3154:Richard E. Byrd
3137:
3098:Protected areas
3036:
3000:
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2944:
2901:
2855:Bodies of Water
2850:
2839:West Antarctica
2795:East Antarctica
2773:
2708:
2703:
2673:
2668:
2641:Proposed claims
2640:
2634:
2630:Marie Byrd Land
2616:
2609:Yamato Yukihara
2589:
2580:
2573:Ross Dependency
2565:Queen Maud Land
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2098:Wayback Machine
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2047:
2046:. Atlas Obscura
2041:
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2026:
2024:
2010:
2009:
2002:
1979:
1970:
1966:
1958:Yamato Yukihara
1943:Esoteric Nazism
1934:
1914:
1894:Queen Maud Land
1878:
1873:
1719:Ritscher Upland
1679:Payer Mountains
1674:Orvin Mountains
1661:Mount Zuckerhut
1596:Kraul Mountains
1576:Isingufsa Bluff
1561:Isfossnipa Peak
1526:Høghamaren Crag
1456:Dalsnatten Crag
1392:Neuschwabenland
1384:
1378:
1375:
1359:
1353:
1250:Queen Maud Land
1237:
1177:Alfred Ritscher
1169:
1141:hot-air balloon
1106:
1080:Queen Maud Land
1060:Queen Maud Land
1052:Antarctic claim
1048:Neuschwabenland
1029:
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100:19 January 1939
97:
95:Contact reached
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56:Expedition logo
54:
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27:Neuschwabenland
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6515:Kiautschou Bay
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6290:Vostok Station
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6241:Cherry-Garrard
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6081:Southern Cross
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6003:Farthest South
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5700:Ross Sea party
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5394:Southern Cross
5387:Southern Cross
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3873:Snæbjörn galti
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3647:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3619:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3542:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3509:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3430:
3425:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3316:
3314:
3308:Farthest North
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3228:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3200:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3164:Ui-te-Rangiora
3161:
3159:Douglas Mawson
3156:
3151:
3149:Roald Amundsen
3145:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3088:Gateway cities
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3048:Antarctica Day
3044:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2967:
2965:
2959:
2958:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2920:
2918:Microorganisms
2915:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2882:List of rivers
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2812:Extreme points
2809:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2732:Climate change
2724:
2718:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2679:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2650:
2644:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2626:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2606:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2557:Peter I Island
2554:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2503:Mac. Robertson
2500:
2495:
2485:
2480:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2413:Dunning, Brian
2409:
2404:
2394:
2381:
2373:
2363:
2362:External links
2360:
2359:
2358:
2348:978-0803232051
2334:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2303:
2293:Holm Hümmler:
2286:
2259:
2248:978-3935962056
2231:
2220:
2207:
2190:
2174:
2167:
2147:
2138:
2122:
2108:
2080:
2057:
2034:
2000:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1933:
1930:
1913:
1910:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1849:Vorposten Peak
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1819:Terningen Peak
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1641:Mount Dobrynin
1638:
1636:Mount Dallmann
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1551:Isdalen Valley
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1531:Horgebest Peak
1528:
1523:
1518:
1516:Habermehl Peak
1513:
1508:
1506:Gneiskopf Peak
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1436:Boreas Nunatak
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1412:
1386:
1385:
1365:
1363:
1352:
1349:
1337:fall of France
1168:
1165:
1153:Luitpold Coast
1126:Crozet Islands
1114:Southern Ocean
1105:
1102:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
999:
978:
977:
973:
972:
971:
970:
952:
931:
930:
919:
918:
917:
916:
898:
880:
862:
844:
826:
808:
787:
786:
775:
774:
773:
772:
754:
736:
715:
714:
703:
702:
701:
700:
679:
678:
667:
666:
665:
664:
646:
625:
624:
613:
612:
611:
610:
589:
588:
577:
576:
575:
574:
556:
538:
513:
512:
494:
493:
492:
491:
473:
455:
437:
419:
401:
383:
365:
347:
329:
311:
293:
272:
271:
260:
259:
258:
257:
236:
235:
224:
223:
222:
221:
203:
185:
164:
163:
152:
151:
140:
139:
136:
135:
132:
131:
128:
127:
124:
118:
115:
114:
111:
105:
102:
101:
98:
92:
89:
88:
85:
84:
81:
80:Historical era
77:
76:
73:
72:
62:
61:
55:
48:
47:
44:
43:
39:
38:
31:
30:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6690:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6606:
6603:
6560:
6555:
6552:
6551:
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6545:
6542:
6538:
6528:
6525:
6521:
6518:
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6513:
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6510:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6497:
6490:
6486:
6485:
6474:
6471:
6469:
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6463:
6459:
6451:
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6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6433:
6429:
6428:
6427:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6401:
6400:
6397:
6396:
6394:
6392:
6388:
6385:
6381:
6377:
6370:
6365:
6363:
6358:
6356:
6351:
6350:
6347:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6301:
6300:
6299:
6295:
6291:
6288:
6287:
6286:
6285:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
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6242:
6239:
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6234:
6232:
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6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6212:
6211:
6207:
6203:
6202:
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6178:
6176:
6173:
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6170:
6166:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6159:
6155:
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6150:
6147:
6145:
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6141:
6140:
6139:
6135:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
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6112:
6111:
6110:
6106:
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6099:
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6055:
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6053:
6048:
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6039:
6036:
6035:
6034:
6033:
6028:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6019:
6018:
6013:
6012:
6010:
6008:
6004:
6000:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5971:
5970:
5969:
5965:
5963:
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5958:
5952:
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5946:
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5932:
5928:
5924:
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5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5908:
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5902:
5901:
5900:
5899:
5895:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5881:
5880:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5868:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5846:
5845:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5826:
5824:
5823:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5811:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5798:
5797:
5793:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5784:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5731:
5723:
5722:
5718:
5717:
5716:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5704:
5703:
5702:
5701:
5697:
5695:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5673:
5669:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5655:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5645:
5640:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5594:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5587:
5583:
5582:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5563:
5559:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5545:
5544:
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5538:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5528:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5512:
5508:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5501:
5499:
5498:
5494:
5490:
5489:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5454:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5437:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5430:
5426:
5422:
5421:Discovery Hut
5419:
5417:
5416:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5405:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5395:
5391:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5344:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5337:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5325:
5318:
5310:
5307:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5300:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5285:
5280:
5279:
5278:
5277:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5263:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5241:
5240:
5235:
5234:
5233:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5219:
5218:
5213:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5148:
5145:
5144:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5128:
5124:
5122:
5121:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5108:
5105:
5104:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5088:
5087:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5035:
5031:
5027:
5022:
5018:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4985:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4969:
4967:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4952:
4951:A. Sibiryakov
4948:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4924:
4923:Glavsevmorput
4920:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4889:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4856:
4855:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4812:
4808:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4801:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4735:
4730:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4678:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4663:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4540:
4539:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4435:
4431:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4369:
4364:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4335:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4226:
4225:J. Richardson
4223:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4114:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3987:M. Corte-Real
3985:
3983:
3982:G. Corte-Real
3980:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3944:
3941:
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3936:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3905:C. Richardson
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
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3866:
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3863:
3859:
3857:
3854:
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3835:
3834:
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3828:
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3823:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3769:
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3766:
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3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3714:Georgiy Sedov
3710:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3611:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3601:Riiser-Larsen
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3561:
3558:
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3552:
3551:
3550:
3549:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
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3490:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3382:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3249:
3244:
3242:
3237:
3235:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3201:
3199:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3093:Midwinter Day
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3032:Treaty System
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2955:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2887:McMurdo Sound
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2700:
2695:
2693:
2688:
2686:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2610:
2607:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:Former claims
2592:
2587:
2574:
2571:
2566:
2563:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2455:
2450:
2448:
2443:
2441:
2436:
2435:
2432:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2377:
2374:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2238:Heinz Schön,
2235:
2232:
2229:
2224:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2208:
2203:
2202:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2175:
2170:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2151:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2068:
2065:Eric Niiler.
2061:
2058:
2045:
2038:
2035:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1992:0-7112-2980-5
1989:
1985:
1984:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1922:
1919:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1875:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1789:Storeidet Col
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1759:Skeidskar Gap
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1744:Shatskiy Hill
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:Saetet Cirque
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1714:Ritscher Peak
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1626:Lake Untersee
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1586:Kal'vets Rock
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1566:Ising Glacier
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1491:Gamaleya Rock
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1416:Ahlmann Ridge
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:(1958–1959).
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1382:
1373:
1369:
1366:This list is
1364:
1357:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1318:Bouvet Island
1310:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1118:South Georgia
1115:
1111:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1062:and is now a
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1003:
996:
982:
981:
980:
979:
976:International
974:
967:
953:
949:
935:
934:
933:
932:
926:
920:
913:
899:
895:
881:
877:
863:
859:
845:
841:
827:
823:
809:
805:
791:
790:
789:
788:
785:United States
782:
776:
769:
755:
751:
737:
733:
719:
718:
717:
716:
710:
704:
697:
683:
682:
681:
680:
674:
668:
661:
647:
643:
629:
628:
627:
626:
620:
614:
607:
593:
592:
591:
590:
584:
578:
571:
557:
553:
539:
535:
533:
517:
516:
515:
514:
508:
501:
495:
488:
474:
470:
456:
452:
438:
434:
420:
416:
402:
398:
384:
380:
366:
362:
348:
344:
330:
326:
312:
308:
294:
290:
276:
275:
274:
273:
267:
261:
254:
240:
239:
238:
237:
231:
225:
218:
204:
200:
186:
182:
168:
167:
166:
165:
153:
149:
145:
129:
125:
122:
112:
109:
99:
96:
82:
78:
68:
63:
52:
45:
40:
37:
32:
28:
22:
19:
6575:
6559:Nazi Germany
6557:(claimed by
6553:
6540:Unrecognised
6296:
6284:Pole of Cold
6282:
6208:
6199:
6167:
6160:
6136:
6107:
6093:
6087:Borchgrevink
6079:
6066:
6051:
6031:
6016:
5985:
5966:
5959:
5943:
5929:
5920:
5903:
5896:
5877:
5865:
5841:
5827:
5820:
5808:
5794:
5781:
5780:
5766:
5759:
5720:
5712:
5698:
5691:
5689:
5671:
5663:
5656:
5643:
5634:
5596:
5588:
5579:
5572:
5560:
5553:
5539:
5527:Pourquoi-Pas
5526:
5518:
5510:
5502:
5497:Orcadas Base
5495:
5487:
5474:
5468:C. A. Larsen
5456:
5448:
5434:
5427:
5414:
5406:
5400:Borchgrevink
5393:
5385:
5342:
5334:
5309:C. A. Larsen
5302:
5283:
5274:
5256:
5238:
5229:
5216:
5201:
5192:
5179:
5140:
5126:
5119:
5100:
5085:
4995:
4988:
4971:
4964:
4950:
4935:
4921:
4908:
4883:
4869:
4867:
4853:
4851:
4845:
4843:
4809:
4802:
4783:
4749:
4747:
4733:
4731:
4713:
4703:
4701:
4681:
4679:
4660:
4536:
4494:
4477:
4445:
4409:
4407:
4387:
4386:
4366:
4365:
4351:
4338:
4323:
4309:
4300:
4287:
4258:
4246:Investigator
4245:
4236:
4212:
4199:
4191:
4182:
4169:
4140:
4117:
4102:
4087:
4057:
4042:
4012:
3931:
3911:
3882:
3878:Erik the Red
3860:
3838:
3831:
3788:submersibles
3785:
3779:Arktika 2007
3777:
3770:
3763:
3760:
3744:
3735:
3732:
3713:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3668:
3661:
3637:
3623:
3622:
3614:
3612:
3578:
3576:
3547:
3544:
3533:S. A. Andrée
3525:
3512:
3487:
3479:
3476:
3452:
3434:
3421:
3412:
3394:
3385:
3383:
3349:
3078:Firefighting
3063:Demographics
2986:Colonization
2981:World War II
2600:
2420:
2339:
2319:. Retrieved
2315:
2306:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2277:. Retrieved
2271:
2262:
2239:
2234:
2223:
2215:
2210:
2200:
2193:
2183:
2177:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2133:
2111:
2103:Polar Record
2101:
2071:. Retrieved
2060:
2048:. Retrieved
2037:
2025:. Retrieved
2021:the original
2016:
1981:
1923:
1915:
1890:cartographic
1879:
1839:Utrista Rock
1764:Skimten Hill
1684:Penck Trough
1646:Mount Krüger
1511:Gockel Ridge
1501:Gburek Peaks
1496:Gessner Peak
1466:Dvergen Hill
1395:
1391:
1389:
1376:
1346:
1326:
1315:
1302:Schwabenland
1301:
1291:Schwabenland
1290:
1269:
1265:
1253:
1235:Schwabenland
1234:
1222:Schwabenland
1221:
1217:
1170:
1130:
1107:
1089:Schwabenland
1088:
1064:cartographic
1056:Nazi Germany
1035:
1034:
929:Soviet Union
569:
534:) expedition
531:
113:9 April 1940
83:World War II
36:Nazi Germany
26:
18:
6597: /
6500:Concessions
6421:West Africa
6399:East Africa
5987:Lake Vostok
5937:Tryoshnikov
5859:Schlossbach
5750:Christensen
5692:James Caird
5613:E. R. Evans
5379:Dobrowolski
5349:de Gerlache
5051:Expeditions
4937:Aviaarktika
4891:Samoylovich
4762:Kolomeitsev
4656:Middendorff
4616:Gedenshtrom
4036:I. Fyodorov
3798:Chilingarov
3686:E. Fyodorov
3293:Expeditions
3166:(legendary)
3073:Field camps
2971:Expeditions
2897:Weddell Sea
2877:Lake Vostok
2872:Lake Mercer
2744:Ice shelves
2475:Adélie Land
2379:(in German)
2371:(in German)
2321:19 December
2073:27 February
2050:27 February
1829:Torgny Peak
1814:Sverre Peak
1754:Skaret Pass
1601:Kruber Rock
1581:Istind Peak
1441:Borg Massif
1379:August 2009
1341:Adélie Land
1259:Dornier Wal
1181:German Navy
1175:was led by
1159:. A German
530:Drygalski (
150:expeditions
6612:Categories
6554:New Swabia
6547:Antarctica
6468:New Guinea
6432:Neukamerun
6210:Terra Nova
6115:Shackleton
6058:J. C. Ross
6017:Resolution
6007:South Pole
5782:New Swabia
5706:Mackintosh
5678:Shackleton
5597:Terra Nova
5590:Terra Nova
5324:Heroic Age
5284:Challenger
5244:J. C. Ross
5154:Bransfield
5086:Resolution
5001:icebreaker
4965:Chelyuskin
4706:expedition
4684:Expedition
4626:Matyushkin
4584:Kh. Laptev
4579:Chelyuskin
4473:Heemskerck
4463:Chancellor
4458:Willoughby
4453:Koch boats
4396:Stefansson
4330:McClintock
4294:Inglefield
4136:J. C. Ross
4043:Resolution
3895:Cunningham
3793:Sagalevich
3482:expedition
3441:Stephenson
3401:C. F. Hall
3388:expedition
3362:J. C. Ross
3325:Heemskerck
3312:North Pole
2976:Heroic Age
2827:South Pole
2737:Heat waves
2706:Antarctica
2601:New Swabia
2518:Queen Mary
2333:Literature
2299:Skeptiker.
1983:Antarctica
1964:References
1900:under the
1824:Tindeklypa
1670:New Swabia
1591:Knut Rocks
1446:Cape Sedov
1396:New Swabia
1368:incomplete
1171:The third
1124:, and the
1104:Background
1096:region of
1068:Antarctica
1036:New Swabia
214:–present:
126:8 May 1945
24:New Swabia
6445:Mahinland
6309:Tolstikov
6095:Discovery
6065:HMS
6050:HMS
6032:Adventure
6030:HMS
6015:HMS
5951:Tolstikov
5672:Endurance
5457:Antarctic
5442:Drygalski
5415:Discovery
5408:Discovery
5369:Arctowski
5282:HMS
5255:HMS
5249:Abernethy
5237:HMS
5215:USS
5202:Vincennes
5200:USS
5180:Astrolabe
5120:San Telmo
5101:Adventure
5099:HMS
5084:HMS
5079:Kerguelen
5041:Continent
5026:Antarctic
4903:Urvantsev
4861:Vilkitsky
4714:Jeannette
4712:USS
4704:Jeannette
4668:Weyprecht
4646:Pakhtusov
4596:Chichagov
4589:D. Laptev
4532:Permyakov
4507:Stadukhin
4502:Perfilyev
4479:Mangazeya
4417:H. Larsen
4382:Rasmussen
4337:HMS
4308:USS
4257:HMS
4244:HMS
4208:Collinson
4198:HMS
4190:HMS
4168:HMS
4116:HMS
4101:HMS
4086:HMS
4071:Mackenzie
4058:Discovery
4056:HMS
4041:HMS
4013:Discovery
3992:Frobisher
3955:Rasmussen
3868:Gunnbjörn
3814:Greenland
3743:USS
3734:USS
3606:Ellsworth
3548:Roosevelt
3478:Nansen's
3435:Discovery
3433:HMS
3420:HMS
3367:Abernethy
3335:Marmaduke
3128:Transport
2867:Lake CECs
2844:ice sheet
2800:ice sheet
2769:Volcanoes
2759:Mountains
2714:Geography
2622:Unclaimed
2256:907129665
2228:USGS GNIS
1876:Aftermath
1834:Tysk Pass
1471:Dyna Hill
1421:Alan Peak
1262:seaplanes
1189:margarine
1185:Whale oil
1040:Norwegian
148:Antarctic
58:(1938–39)
42:1939–1945
6594:72°S 5°E
6527:Tientsin
6520:Tsingtao
6450:Togoland
6409:Wituland
6383:Colonies
6321:A. Fuchs
6278:V. Fuchs
6258:McKinley
6221:E. Evans
6180:Bjaaland
6175:Amundsen
6125:Marshall
6038:Furneaux
5890:V. Fuchs
5854:E. Ronne
5849:F. Ronne
5788:Ritscher
5642:SY
5630:Filchner
5574:Framheim
5568:Amundsen
5374:Racoviță
5359:Amundsen
5354:Lecointe
5223:Ringgold
5217:Porpoise
5107:Furneaux
4943:Shevelev
4898:Begichev
4877:Amundsen
4839:Nagórski
4817:Brusilov
4811:Sv. Anna
4725:Melville
4695:Palander
4651:Tsivolko
4611:Sannikov
4606:Billings
4549:Chirikov
4468:Barentsz
4410:St. Roch
4401:Bartlett
4375:Amundsen
4359:Sverdrup
4259:Resolute
4148:Franklin
4076:Kotzebue
3943:Sverdrup
3926:Scoresby
3900:Lindenov
3751:Plaisted
3736:Nautilus
3681:Shirshov
3655:Belyakov
3650:Baydukov
3624:Nautilus
3586:Amundsen
3546:SS
3505:Sverdrup
3500:Johansen
3470:Brainard
3465:Lockwood
3320:Barentsz
3198:Category
3103:Religion
3005:Politics
2923:Wildlife
2892:Ross Sea
2754:Glaciers
2528:George V
2422:Skeptoid
2399:and the
2386:and the
2356:48084187
2279:25 April
2094:Archived
1998:, p. 367
1932:See also
1918:Nazi UFO
1892:area of
1689:Per Rock
1231:catapult
1155:and the
1070:between
6461:Oceania
6426:Kamerun
6326:Messner
6273:Hillary
6253:Balchen
6201:Polheim
6195:Wisting
6073:Crozier
6045:Weddell
6023:J. Cook
5993:Kapitsa
5974:Fiennes
5916:Klenova
5885:Hillary
5835:Ketchum
5761:BANZARE
5736:·
5581:Polheim
5547:Shirase
5533:Charcot
5343:Belgica
5262:Crozier
5174:Morrell
5169:Weddell
5147:Lazarev
5092:J. Cook
5046:History
4996:Arktika
4972:Krassin
4957:Voronin
4929:Schmidt
4915:Ushakov
4854:Vaygach
4822:Albanov
4791:Rusanov
4772:Kolchak
4767:Matisen
4741:Makarov
4720:De Long
4621:Wrangel
4601:Lyakhov
4554:Malygin
4512:Dezhnev
4339:Pandora
4310:Advance
4277:Kennedy
4272:Belcher
4265:Kellett
4252:McClure
4176:Beechey
4170:Blossom
4163:Simpson
4131:Crozier
4124:Hoppner
4081:J. Ross
4049:J. Cook
3997:Gilbert
3890:J. Hall
3856:Ingólfr
3846:Naddodd
3840:Vikings
3827:Brendan
3822:Pytheas
3810:Iceland
3764:Arktika
3756:Herbert
3721:Badygin
3691:Krenkel
3676:Papanin
3645:Chkalov
3631:Wilkins
3596:Wisting
3540:F. Cook
3446:Markham
3406:Bessels
3395:Polaris
3386:Polaris
3357:J. Ross
3340:Carolus
3288:History
3208:Commons
3123:Tourism
3068:Economy
3041:Society
2963:History
2933:Mammals
2822:Islands
2778:Regions
2749:Geology
2727:Climate
2493:Enderby
2027:15 July
1304:in 1938
1197:imports
1161:whaling
1110:Germany
1084:Germany
992:–1952:
986: (
963:–1958:
957: (
945:–1957:
939: (
909:–1956:
903: (
891:–1948:
885: (
873:–1948:
867: (
855:–1947:
849: (
837:–1941:
831: (
813: (
801:–1930:
795: (
765:–1958:
759: (
747:–1960:
741: (
729:–1912:
723: (
693:–1912:
687: (
657:–1910:
651: (
639:–1905:
633: (
603:–1904:
597: (
567:–1939:
561: (
549:–1912:
543: (
527:–1903:
521: (
511:Germany
484:–1958:
478: (
466:–1945:
460: (
448:–1937:
442: (
430:–1931:
424: (
412:–1922:
406: (
394:–1917:
388: (
376:–1914:
370: (
358:–1913:
352: (
340:–1909:
334: (
322:–1904:
316: (
304:–1904:
298: (
286:–1900:
280: (
250:–1899:
244: (
234:Belgium
208: (
196:–1958:
190: (
178:–1933:
172: (
119:•
106:•
93:•
6599:-72; 5
6391:Africa
6236:Bowers
6231:Wilson
6190:Hassel
6185:Helmer
6154:Mackay
6144:Mawson
6109:Nimrod
6067:Terror
6052:Erebus
5979:Burton
5774:Rymill
5650:Mawson
5644:Aurora
5623:Lashly
5608:Wilson
5511:Nimrod
5488:Scotia
5295:Murray
5270:Cooper
5257:Terror
5239:Erebus
5208:Wilkes
5159:Palmer
5127:Vostok
5074:Bouvet
4998:-class
4978:Gakkel
4846:Taymyr
4827:Konrad
4796:Kuchin
4734:Yermak
4641:Lavrov
4559:Ovtsyn
4544:Bering
4522:Ivanov
4485:Hudson
4447:Pomors
4424:Cowper
4389:Karluk
4288:Isabel
4282:Bellot
4232:Austin
4200:Terror
4192:Erebus
4088:Griper
4064:Clerke
4024:Baffin
4007:Hudson
3938:Nansen
3851:Garðar
3772:Barneo
3639:ANT-25
3615:Italia
3591:Nobile
3560:Henson
3519:Amedeo
3495:Nansen
3460:Greely
3330:Hudson
3268:Arctic
2805:shield
2764:Tundra
2612:(Jap.)
2604:(Ger.)
2576:(N.Z.)
2568:(Nor.)
2560:(Nor.)
2523:Wilkes
2468:Claims
2354:
2346:
2254:
2246:
2214:e.g.,
2165:
1990:
1283:Maitri
1270:Boreas
1266:Passat
1264:named
1246:Norway
1227:Swabia
1120:, the
1098:Swabia
1094:German
1044:German
713:Norway
623:France
587:Sweden
6508:China
6473:Samoa
6316:Crary
6263:Dufek
6226:Oates
6216:Scott
6149:David
6130:Adams
6101:Barne
5922:Mirny
5911:Somov
5721:Quest
5618:Crean
5603:Scott
5482:Bruce
5436:Gauss
5429:Gauss
5303:Jason
5290:Nares
5164:Davis
5141:Mirny
5114:Smith
5069:Roché
4989:Lenin
4909:Sadko
4834:Wiese
4779:Sedov
4750:Zarya
4673:Payer
4636:Litke
4631:Anjou
4564:Minin
4527:Vagin
4517:Popov
4490:Poole
4345:Young
4158:Dease
4103:Hecla
4094:Parry
4019:Bylot
4002:Davis
3977:Cabot
3950:Peary
3932:Jason
3919:Egede
3833:Papar
3745:Skate
3726:Wiese
3706:NP-37
3699:NP-36
3579:Norge
3567:Sedov
3555:Peary
3513:Jason
3428:Nares
3422:Alert
3377:Hayes
3345:Parry
3283:Ocean
3213:Index
3133:Women
3083:Flags
3058:Crime
2996:Years
2938:Krill
2928:Birds
2913:Flora
2533:Oates
2478:(Fr.)
1238:'
677:Japan
532:Gauss
6582:72°S
6248:Byrd
6169:Fram
6120:Wild
5802:Marr
5768:BGLE
5755:Byrd
5683:Wild
5562:Fram
5364:Cook
4885:AARI
4870:Maud
4757:Toll
4682:Vega
4368:Gjøa
4353:Fram
4316:Kane
4153:Back
4118:Fury
4109:Lyon
4031:Munk
3670:NP-1
3572:Byrd
3489:Fram
3480:Fram
3372:Kane
3118:Time
2906:Life
2498:Kemp
2352:OCLC
2344:ISBN
2323:2021
2297:In:
2281:2011
2252:OCLC
2244:ISBN
2163:ISBN
2075:2021
2052:2021
2029:2011
1988:ISBN
1924:The
1320:and
1285:and
1268:and
1193:soap
1191:and
1076:10°W
1074:and
1072:20°E
1042:and
988:1949
984:1949
959:1956
955:1956
941:1955
937:1955
905:1955
901:1955
887:1947
883:1947
869:1947
865:1947
851:1946
847:1946
833:1939
829:1939
815:1934
811:1934
797:1928
793:1928
761:1957
757:1957
743:1956
739:1956
725:1910
721:1910
689:1910
685:1910
653:1908
649:1908
635:1903
631:1903
599:1901
595:1901
563:1938
559:1938
545:1911
541:1911
523:1901
519:1901
480:1955
476:1955
462:1943
458:1943
444:1934
440:1934
426:1929
422:1929
408:1921
404:1921
390:1914
386:1914
372:1911
368:1911
354:1910
350:1910
336:1907
332:1907
318:1902
314:1902
300:1901
296:1901
282:1898
278:1898
246:1897
242:1897
210:1959
206:1959
192:1957
188:1957
174:1932
170:1932
6585:5°E
5945:3rd
5931:2nd
5905:1st
5738:IGY
5734:IPY
4324:Fox
4220:Rae
3786:Mir
3762:NS
1926:WDR
1374:.
1300:MS
1248:as
1220:MS
1078:in
1054:by
6614::
4850:/
2419:.
2390:,
2350:,
2314:.
2270:.
2250:,
2125:^
2083:^
2015:.
2003:^
1994:,
1971:^
1908:.
1116:,
1100:.
1046::
819::
6561:)
6368:e
6361:t
6354:v
5327:"
5321:"
5264:)
5260:(
5251:)
5242:(
3247:e
3240:t
3233:v
2698:e
2691:t
2684:v
2453:e
2446:t
2439:v
2425:.
2325:.
2283:.
2171:.
2119:.
2077:.
2054:.
2031:.
1394:(
1381:)
1377:(
1038:(
1024:e
1017:t
1010:v
990:)
961:)
943:)
907:)
889:)
871:)
853:)
835:)
817:)
799:)
763:)
745:)
727:)
691:)
655:)
637:)
601:)
565:)
547:)
525:)
482:)
464:)
446:)
428:)
410:)
392:)
374:)
356:)
338:)
320:)
302:)
284:)
248:)
212:)
194:)
176:)
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