37:
230:"...The authors have found nonoperative treatment highly effective in patients who do not manifest signs of peritonitis, perforation, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, or clinical deterioration. Recurrent typhlitis was frequent after conservative therapy (recurrence rate, 67 percent), however," as based on studies from the 1980s.
254:
Historically, the mortality rate for typhlitis was as high as 50%, mostly because it is frequently associated with bowel perforation. More recent studies have demonstrated better outcomes with prompt medical management, generally with resolution of symptoms with neutrophil recovery without death .
226:
In rare cases of prolonged neutropenia and complications such as bowel perforation, neutrophil transfusions can be considered but have not been studied in a randomized control trial. Elective right hemicolectomy may be used to prevent recurrence but is generally not recommended.
511:
238:
Inflammation can spread to other parts of the gut in patients with typhlitis. The condition can also cause the cecum to become distended and can cut off its blood supply. This and other factors can result in
157:
is a species of Gram-positive bacteria that commonly causes severe diarrhea and other intestinal diseases when competing bacteria are wiped out by antibiotics, causing pseudomembranous colitis, whereas
1428:
209:, particularly if associated with pneumatosis intestinalis (air in the bowel wall) and/or bowel perforation, and has significant morbidity unless promptly recognized and aggressively treated.
606:
1110:
705:
744:
457:
Shafey, A; et al. (October 2013). "Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of enteritis, typhlitis, and colitis in children with acute leukemia".
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Keidan RD, Fanning J, Gatenby RA, Weese JL (Mar 1989). "Recurrent typhlitis. A disease resulting from aggressive chemotherapy".
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Empiric antibiotics, particularly if the patient is neutropenic or at other risk of infection.
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418:"Typhlitis complicating autologous blood stem cell transplantation for breast cancer"
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Early diagnosis provided by a high index of suspicion and the use of CT scanning
77:
548:
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1301:
1279:
924:
863:
81:
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1411:
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113:
109:
1180:
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65:
329:"Neutropenic enterocolitis due to Clostridium septicum infection"
174:
588:
205:
and requires prompt management. Untreated typhlitis has a poor
162:
is responsible for most cases of neutropenic enterocolitis.
193:
showing thickening of the cecum and "fat stranding".
493:
1843:
1729:
1722:
1663:
1577:
1534:
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1233:
1119:
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758:
632:
623:
558:
497:
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43:
26:
21:
327:King A, Rampling A, Wight DG, Warren RE (1984).
416:Boggio L, Pooley R, Winter JN (February 2000).
243:and perforation of the bowel, which can cause
219:Nonoperative treatment for uncomplicated cases
600:
8:
706:Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction
96:Signs and symptoms of typhlitis may include
30:Typhlitis, typhlenteritis, caecitis, cecitis
1726:
1377:
893:
745:Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis
629:
607:
593:
585:
494:
428:(3). Macmillan Publishers Limited: 321–6.
35:
18:
433:
352:
189:Typhlitis is diagnosed with a radiograph
295:
293:
291:
276:
973:Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
76:. It is particularly associated with
7:
284:Definition at thefreedictionary.com
169:patients, such as those undergoing
132:The condition is usually caused by
165:Typhlitis most commonly occurs in
14:
1858:Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
1705:Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
60:, also known as typhlitis, is an
1603:Secondary sclerosing cholangitis
212:Successful treatment hinges on:
844:Gastric antral vascular ectasia
839:Portal hypertensive gastropathy
716:Gastroesophageal reflux disease
1598:Primary sclerosing cholangitis
1448:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
1270:Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome
72:) that may be associated with
1:
1655:Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
1564:Postcholecystectomy syndrome
1083:Intestinal pseudoobstruction
691:Esophageal motility disorder
471:10.1097/MPH.0b013e31829f3259
300:Stoer TM, Koslin DB (2004).
122:abdominal pain or tenderness
1911:
1549:Gallstone / Cholelithiasis
1073:Functional colonic disease
869:Zollinger–Ellison syndrome
181:patients, or the elderly.
750:Acute esophageal necrosis
84:(the most common form of
58:Neutropenic enterocolitis
34:
22:Neutropenic enterocolitis
849:Gastric dumping syndrome
724:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
711:Diffuse esophageal spasm
154:Clostridioides difficile
1465:Alcoholic liver disease
998:Bile acid malabsorption
942:Peptic (duodenal) ulcer
459:J Pediatr Hematol Oncol
82:neutrophil granulocytes
1895:Diseases of intestines
1475:Hepatic encephalopathy
859:Buried bumper syndrome
790:Peptic (gastric) ulcer
674:Mallory–Weiss syndrome
617:human digestive system
435:10.1038/sj.bmt.1702134
1700:Pancreatic pseudocyst
1569:Porcelain gallbladder
681:Zenker's diverticulum
1504:Hepatorenal syndrome
1443:Budd–Chiari syndrome
1400:Autoimmune hepatitis
1225:Intestinal adhesions
983:Short bowel syndrome
812:Functional dyspepsia
730:Esophageal stricture
696:Nutcracker esophagus
345:10.1136/jcp.37.3.335
160:Clostridium septicum
1643:Choledocholithiasis
1514:Metabolic disorders
1480:Acute liver failure
1453:Portal hypertension
1405:Alcoholic hepatitis
1248:Radiation proctitis
1167:Mesenteric ischemia
1139:Gastroenterocolitis
968:Blind loop syndrome
778:Ménétrier's disease
686:Barrett's esophagus
302:"Typhlitis Imaging"
1818:Undefined location
1809:Grynfeltt–Lesshaft
1710:Pancreatic fistula
1693:Pancreatic abscess
1648:Biliary dyskinesia
1619:Mirizzi's syndrome
1120:Large and/or small
800:Dieulafoy's lesion
669:Boerhaave syndrome
559:External resources
395:10.1007/BF02554529
92:Signs and symptoms
1882:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1718:
1717:
1320:
1319:
1177:Bowel obstruction
879:
878:
582:
581:
203:medical emergency
179:kidney transplant
173:, patients with
167:immunocompromised
102:distended abdomen
86:white blood cells
80:, a low level of
55:
54:
16:Medical condition
1902:
1870:Pneumoperitoneum
1727:
1637:Common bile duct
1519:Wilson's disease
1509:Peliosis hepatis
1378:
1255:Proctalgia fugax
1162:Abdominal angina
1087:Ogilvie syndrome
1036:Pseudomembranous
894:
854:Gastric volvulus
819:Pyloric stenosis
630:
615:Diseases of the
609:
602:
595:
586:
495:
483:
482:
454:
448:
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437:
413:
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383:Dis Colon Rectum
378:
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324:
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313:
297:
286:
281:
88:) in the blood.
39:
19:
1910:
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1900:
1899:
1885:
1884:
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1839:
1828:Internal hernia
1714:
1659:
1624:Biliary fistula
1582:
1573:
1559:Adenomyomatosis
1554:Cholesterolosis
1530:
1524:Hemochromatosis
1395:Viral hepatitis
1367:
1316:
1274:
1260:Rectal prolapse
1229:
1196:Fecal impaction
1186:Intussusception
1149:Crohn's disease
1115:
1098:Toxic megacolon
1010:
1008:Large intestine
1002:
947:Curling's ulcer
900:
898:Small intestine
887:
875:
783:Gastroenteritis
754:
619:
613:
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578:
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326:
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261:
236:
201:Typhlitis is a
199:
187:
130:
94:
70:large intestine
50:General surgery
17:
12:
11:
5:
1908:
1906:
1898:
1897:
1887:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1865:Hemoperitoneum
1862:
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1838:
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1836:
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1467:
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1433:
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1421:
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1419:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1386:
1384:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1336:
1334:Blood in stool
1330:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1307:Anal dysplasia
1304:
1299:
1294:
1284:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1239:
1237:
1231:
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1228:
1227:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1174:
1172:Angiodysplasia
1169:
1164:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1141:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1107:Diverticulosis
1103:Diverticulitis
1100:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1080:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1004:
1003:
1001:
1000:
995:
993:Milroy disease
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
963:Tropical sprue
960:
951:
950:
949:
939:
938:
937:
932:
927:
916:
914:
891:
885:Lower GI tract
881:
880:
877:
876:
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861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
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797:
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786:
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688:
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659:
654:
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638:
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627:
625:Upper GI tract
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498:Classification
491:
490:External links
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15:
13:
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1896:
1893:
1892:
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1871:
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1854:
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1756:
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1740:
1739:Diaphragmatic
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
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1711:
1708:
1706:
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1634:
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1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1544:Cholecystitis
1542:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:Liver abscess
1485:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1470:Liver failure
1468:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1427:
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1418:
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1410:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
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1184:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1127:Enterocolitis
1125:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1084:
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1075:
1074:
1071:
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1059:
1057:
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1034:
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1029:
1027:
1024:
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1021:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1005:
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994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
955:
954:Malabsorption
952:
948:
945:
944:
943:
940:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
921:
918:
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882:
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867:
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860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
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845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
829:Gastroparesis
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
813:
810:
809:
808:
805:
801:
798:
796:
795:Cushing ulcer
793:
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788:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
770:
769:
766:
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757:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
740:Megaesophagus
738:
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728:
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1817:
1796:
1673:Pancreatitis
1635:
1585:biliary tree
1458:Nutmeg liver
1435:
1361:Hematochezia
1312:Pruritus ani
1297:Anal abscess
1292:Anal fistula
1288:Anal fissure
1201:Constipation
1155:
1026:Appendicitis
834:Gastroptosis
824:Achlorhydria
663:
652:Eosinophilic
566:
542:
531:
510:
465:(7): 514–7.
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389:(3): 206–9.
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310:. Retrieved
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171:chemotherapy
164:
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62:inflammation
57:
56:
1853:Peritonitis
1615:Cholestasis
1593:Cholangitis
1536:Gallbladder
1424:Fatty liver
1344:Hematemesis
1326:GI bleeding
1132:Necrotizing
1061:Lymphocytic
1056:Collagenous
1051:Microscopic
988:Steatorrhea
889:Enteropathy
735:Inlet patch
657:Herpetiform
642:Esophagitis
308:. WebMD LLC
245:peritonitis
78:neutropenia
27:Other names
1845:Peritoneal
1823:Incisional
1744:Congenital
1688:Hereditary
1665:Pancreatic
1629:Haemobilia
1302:Hemorrhoid
1280:Anal canal
1218:Infectious
1206:Functional
1041:Ulcerative
925:Duodenitis
864:Gastrinoma
544:DiseasesDB
271:References
1833:Richter's
1790:Spigelian
1785:Obturator
1775:Umbilical
1608:Ascending
1579:Bile duct
1412:Cirrhosis
1390:Hepatitis
1373:Accessory
1243:Proctitis
1094:Megacolon
1068:Dysentery
978:Whipple's
930:Jejunitis
920:Enteritis
807:Dyspepsia
768:Gastritis
701:Achalasia
634:Esophagus
573:radio/869
568:eMedicine
234:Prognosis
207:prognosis
197:Treatment
185:Diagnosis
149:gut flora
138:commensal
74:infection
45:Specialty
1889:Category
1763:Indirect
1758:Inguinal
1492:Pyogenic
1437:Vascular
1213:Diarrhea
1191:Volvulus
1157:Vascular
1096: /
1085: /
1046:Ischemic
1013:Appendix
903:Duodenum
773:Atrophic
647:Candidal
479:23823116
444:10673706
306:Medscape
259:See also
241:necrosis
141:bacteria
136:enteric
118:vomiting
98:diarrhea
1804:Petit's
1780:Femoral
1683:Chronic
1497:Amoebic
1265:Anismus
1031:Colitis
958:Coeliac
935:Ileitis
907:Jejunum
760:Stomach
664:Rupture
538:D020345
403:2920627
363:6699196
265:Colitis
191:CT scan
143:of the
64:of the
1798:Lumbar
1768:Direct
1751:Hiatus
1731:Hernia
1583:Other
1349:Melena
1235:Rectum
718:(GERD)
477:
442:
422:Nature
401:
361:
354:498711
351:
249:sepsis
120:, and
114:nausea
110:chills
1723:Other
1678:Acute
1429:MASLD
1382:Liver
1356:Lower
1339:Upper
1181:Ileus
1017:Colon
911:Ileum
726:(LPR)
549:31505
524:540.9
521:540.0
128:Cause
106:fever
66:cecum
1111:SCAD
533:MeSH
516:9-CM
475:PMID
440:PMID
399:PMID
359:PMID
314:2016
247:and
175:AIDS
151:).
100:, a
1417:PBC
1144:IBD
1078:IBS
527:541
512:ICD
467:doi
430:doi
391:doi
349:PMC
341:doi
145:gut
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