374:
342:, who became known as the 'Protector of the Indians' for exposing atrocities committed by Ovando and his subordinates. Hernán Cortés, a family acquaintance and distant relative, was supposed to sail to the Americas in this expedition, but was prevented from making the journey by an injury he sustained while hurriedly escaping from the bedroom of a married woman of
52:
455:
Little is known of Ovando's activities after his return to Spain in 1509. He probably spent much of his time in the town of Brozas, the headquarters of the Order of Alcántara. In
February 1511, Ferdinand ordered Ovando to accompany him on a campaign against Oran, in North Africa. The expedition never
401:. Estimates of the Taino population at the time of the arrival of the Spaniards in 1492 vary, with Anderson Córdova giving a maximum of 500 000 people inhabiting the island. By the 1507 census, according to
388:
When Ovando arrived in
Hispaniola in 1502, he found the once-peaceful natives in revolt. Ovando and his subordinates ruthlessly suppressed this rebellion through a series of bloody campaigns, including the
3273:
208:
and re-establish order. Ovando "pacified" the island by force, subduing native
Americans and rebellious Spaniards, with disorderly colonists being sent back to Spain in chains. He implemented the
456:
took place but Ovando was present at a general meeting of his order in
Seville at the beginning of May. On 29 May 1511, Ovando died in Seville. His body was transferred to the monastery of
2226:
326:'s earlier voyages, this group of colonists was deliberately selected to represent an organized cross-section of Spanish society. The Spanish Crown intended to develop the
2246:
428:, and commissioned expeditions of discovery and conquest throughout the Caribbean. Ovando allowed Spanish settlers to use the natives in forced labour, a system known as
3164:
474:
2711:
2206:
680:
3169:
2256:
3283:
1861:
432:, to provide food for the colonists and for ships returning to Spain. Hundreds of thousands of Taíno died while forced to extract gold from the nearby mines.
3253:
1219:
405:, battlefield slaughter, enslavement and disease had reduced the native population to 60 000 people, and the decline continued. In 1501, Ovando ordered the
240:. Belonging to a distinguished family, he was the second son of Captain Diego de Cáceres Ovando and his wife Isabel Flores, a native of the town of Brozas.
3248:
3096:
447:
was appointed his successor as governor, but the
Spanish Crown permitted Ovando to retain possession of the property he brought back from the Americas.
233:
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3208:
3076:
2180:
858:
2160:
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1896:
1765:
1392:
1388:
1045:
795:
701:
656:
612:
2392:
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3029:
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1798:
1441:
894:
3091:
2211:
319:
On 13 February 1502, he sailed from Spain with a fleet of thirty ships. It was the largest fleet that had ever sailed to the New World.
2327:
983:
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2175:
2111:
1833:
1813:
1288:
1020:
382:
1328:
958:
2833:
2231:
1775:
722:
2924:
2500:
1070:
330:
economically and thereby expand
Spanish political, religious, and administrative influence in the region. Along with him also came
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2440:
2435:
1808:
1292:
2640:
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1989:
1939:
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1823:
1510:
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3019:
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1949:
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993:
63:
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2387:
1866:
1246:
1055:
851:
276:
307:, Isabella appointed Ovando to replace Bobadilla. Ovando became the third Governor of the Indies, the Islands, and the
3039:
2939:
2570:
2022:
1954:
923:
2490:
2397:
2337:
420:, Ovando founded several cities on Hispaniola. He also developed the mining industry, introduced the cultivation of
2974:
2357:
2312:
1984:
1871:
1783:
1755:
1382:
1352:
988:
457:
172:
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1969:
1934:
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1400:
1284:
938:
402:
339:
1065:
1050:
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2721:
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1974:
1964:
1750:
1453:
1364:
489:
308:
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2297:
689:
2888:
2746:
2590:
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2081:
1979:
1944:
1891:
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1360:
1090:
963:
948:
844:
469:
358:
51:
3179:
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2686:
2322:
2190:
2076:
1959:
1919:
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1356:
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1005:
440:
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205:
197:
111:
1522:
2979:
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903:
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244:
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42:
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1080:
918:
674:
34:
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into the
Americas. Many Spanish aristocrats ordered slaves to work as servants in their homes.
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3144:
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2919:
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889:
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331:
292:
237:
89:
84:
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562:
460:. In his will he founded a chapel and requested the friars to say a Requiem Mass every week.
3154:
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1186:
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397:. Ovando's administration in Hispaniola became notorious for its cruelty toward the native
17:
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1841:
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1911:
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1500:
1404:
1171:
1085:
1035:
913:
867:
763:
479:
444:
425:
204:) from 1502 until 1509, sent by the Spanish crown to investigate the administration of
123:
648:
Life and
Society in the Early Spanish Caribbean : the Greater Antilles, 1493-1550
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1227:
1144:
953:
350:
3149:
3139:
2868:
2407:
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594:
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recalled Ovando to Spain in 1509 to answer for his treatment of the native people.
2460:
1530:
373:
3219:
Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)
785:
2050:
2040:
1876:
1445:
362:
335:
327:
272:
225:
2914:
1648:
1318:
928:
666:
429:
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209:
201:
630:(PhD dissertation). Ann Arbor, Michigan: University Microfilms International.
628:
Hispaniola and Puerto Rico: Indian
Acculturation and Heterogeneity, 1492–1550
1881:
1638:
1538:
1215:
1149:
593:
and awarded him a land grant nonetheless. This started Cortés' career as a
288:
260:
646:
732:
365:, led by Friar Alonso de Espinar, bringing the total on the island to 25.
2055:
1165:
933:
188:(c. 1460 – 29 May 1511) was a Spanish soldier from a noble family and a
3213:
3184:
1737:
1694:
1679:
1323:
712:
160:
2150:
1704:
1699:
1476:
229:
189:
144:
3191:
1518:
1465:
1313:
1129:
372:
836:
1534:
1526:
1449:
334:, who would later explore western South America and conquer the
3113:
3008:
2132:
2010:
1725:
1584:
1552:
1489:
1426:
1341:
1264:
1204:
1118:
1107:
878:
840:
267:). This Spanish military order, founded in 1156, resembled the
787:
The
Encomienda in New Spain: The Beginning of Spanish Mexico
299:. Thus, on 3 September 1501, in response to complaints from
545:
543:
435:
Pursuant to a deathbed promise he made to his wife Queen
575:"Latino Chronology: Chronologies of the American Mosaic"
563:"Latino Chronology: Chronologies of the American Mosaic"
322:
The thirty ships carried around 2 500 colonists. Unlike
742:
Frey Nicolás de Ovando, Governador de Indias, 1501-1509
412:
After the conquests made by his lieutenants including
236:
knew him well and said he was a native of the city of
1182:
Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France
509:
507:
505:
3274:
16th-century people from the Colony of Santo Domingo
2902:
2796:
2789:
2674:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2406:
2275:
2199:
2143:
2064:
2021:
1910:
1832:
1774:
1736:
1672:
1631:
1595:
757:. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 527–528.
291:of Lares, Ovando became a favourite of the Spanish
167:
154:
138:
133:
117:
105:
80:
62:
32:
694:Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture
407:first importation of Spanish-speaking black slaves
714:The Columbus Dynasty in the Caribbean, 1492-1526
812:Wilson, James Grant; Fiske, John, eds. (1898).
717:. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
1371:, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon)
852:
64:4th Governor of the Viceroyalty of the Indies
8:
1046:Independence of Spanish continental Americas
815:Appleton's Cyclopaedia of American Biography
790:. Univ of California Press. pp. 16–20.
611:sfn error: no target: CITEREFRainsford2013 (
271:, with whom it fought the Moors during the
3110:
3005:
2793:
2520:
2513:
2140:
2129:
2018:
2007:
1733:
1722:
1592:
1581:
1549:
1486:
1423:
1338:
1261:
1201:
1115:
1104:
875:
859:
845:
837:
679:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
224:Nicolás de Ovando was born around 1460 in
50:
29:
3165:Colonial universities in Hispanic America
606:
3170:Colonial universities in the Philippines
2161:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia
549:
513:
501:
475:People from the Colony of Santo Domingo
672:
755:The Christopher Columbus Encyclopedia
525:Some sources place his death in 1518.
76:15 April 1502 – 10 July 1509
7:
1442:Captaincy General of the Philippines
934:New Laws in favour of the indigenous
534:
196:, a military order of Spain. He was
3254:Colonial governors of Santo Domingo
3145:Indochristian painting in New Spain
833:- Article from Haitian history wiki
27:Spanish explorer, colonial governor
3249:Spanish explorers of North America
2112:Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires
383:Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
25:
3284:Knights of the Order of Alcántara
1086:Independence of Equatorial Guinea
779:. University of California Press.
3279:1500s in the Spanish West Indies
3197:Criollos in the colonial society
3125:Spanish missions in the Americas
2247:Charles Bonaventure de Longueval
3224:Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649
626:Karen Anderson Córdova (1990).
1276:Captaincy General of Guatemala
984:Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)
424:with plants imported from the
315:His Expedition to the Americas
1:
3175:General Archive of the Indies
2436:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
2107:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
2092:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
1041:Third Treaty of San Ildefonso
994:War of the Spanish Succession
959:Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
784:Simpson, Lesley Byrd (2023).
762:Márquez, Luis Arranz (2024).
1247:Captaincy General of Yucatan
1177:Union with Holy Roman Empire
1156:Southern Italy (Kingdoms of
1071:German–Spanish Treaty (1899)
768:Real Academia de la Historia
692:. In Kinsbruner, Jay (ed.).
353:in April 1502, and included
243:Ovando entered the military
85:Isabella I & Ferdinand V
3269:16th-century Spanish people
1727:Administrative subdivisions
924:War of the League of Cognac
818:. D. Appleton. p. 612.
775:Sauer, Carl Ortwin (1966).
696:. Charles Scribner's Sons.
295:, particularly pious Queen
234:Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo
18:Nicolás de Ovando y Cáceres
3310:
2441:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
2426:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
2328:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
1226:), Western United States (
989:Portuguese Restoration War
688:Cook, Noble David (2008).
228:. Some place his birth in
3289:Spanish untitled nobility
3209:Slavery in Spanish Empire
3120:
3109:
3015:
3004:
2496:Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor
2237:Álvaro de Bazán the Elder
2139:
2128:
2097:Barcelona Trading Company
2017:
2006:
1862:New Andalusia (1501–1513)
1732:
1721:
1591:
1580:
1559:
1496:
1437:
1369:Venezuela, part of Guyana
1348:
1271:
1222:, Central United States (
1211:
1125:
1114:
1103:
954:Bruneian–Spanish conflict
939:Expulsion of the Moriscos
885:
874:
829:The Louverture Project:
361:. Also on board were 13
283:His Selection as Governor
277:Diego de Cáceres y Ovando
178:
129:
69:
58:
49:
3150:Quito painting tradition
3140:Cusco painting tradition
2501:García López de Cárdenas
2491:Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
2398:Felipe González de Ahedo
2318:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
895:Conquest of the Americas
490:Viceroyalty of New Spain
309:Province of Tierra Firme
275:. His elder brother was
158:29 May 1511 (aged 50-51)
2935:Comuneros (New Granada)
2712:Balearic Islands (1558)
2431:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
2358:Ruy López de Villalobos
2313:Miguel López de Legazpi
2227:García de Toledo Osorio
1091:Western Sahara conflict
1081:Independence of Morocco
1021:Treaty of Madrid (1750)
964:Piracy in the Caribbean
949:French Wars of Religion
711:Floyd, Troy S. (1973).
470:Colony of Santo Domingo
458:San Benito de Alcántara
359:Lucas Vazquez de Ayllon
349:The expedition reached
338:. Another ship carried
212:system with the native
173:San Benito de Alcántara
3180:Colonial Spanish Horse
2854:Colonia del Sacramento
2077:Spanish treasure fleet
1654:Royal Decree of Graces
777:The Early Spanish Main
441:Ferdinand II of Aragon
403:Bartolomé de las Casas
385:
340:Bartolomé de las Casas
305:Francisco de Bobadilla
206:Francisco de Bobadilla
198:Governor of the Indies
112:Francisco de Bobadilla
2338:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
2298:Juan Sebastián Elcano
1613:Council of the Indies
974:Spanish–Moro conflict
944:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
904:Treaty of Tordesillas
749:Lamb, Ursula (1992).
740:Lamb, Ursula (1956).
376:
297:Isabella I of Castile
3135:Mesoamerican Codices
2859:Comuneros (Paraguay)
2697:Siege of Castelnuovo
2283:Christopher Columbus
2102:Consulate of the Sea
2082:Casa de Contratación
1673:Titles and positions
1066:Spanish–American War
1056:Liberal constitution
899:Asia and the Pacific
764:"Nicholas de Ovando"
751:"Ovando, Nicolás de"
690:"Ovando, Nicolas de"
645:Altman, Ida (2021).
301:Christopher Columbus
247:, where he became a
3294:Spanish West Indies
2864:Cartagena de Indias
2486:Diego de Mazariegos
2456:Pere Fages i Beleta
2323:Sebastián de Ocampo
1804:Provincias Internas
1776:Captaincies General
1690:Municipal president
1659:School of Salamanca
1430:Spanish East Indies
1409:Misiones Orientales
1281:Spanish West Indies
1245:, Central America (
1192:Pyrénées-Orientales
1145:Union with Portugal
1036:Napoleonic invasion
1016:War of Jenkins' Ear
485:Spanish West Indies
3160:Academia Antártica
3115:Other civil topics
2481:Pánfilo de Narváez
2383:Sebastián Vizcaíno
2348:Andrés de Urdaneta
2308:Juan Ponce de León
2293:Ferdinand Magellan
2267:Bernardo de Gálvez
2166:Indian auxiliaries
1664:Trial of residence
1644:Laws of the Indies
1428:Asia and Oceania (
1289:Dominican Republic
414:Juan Ponce de León
386:
369:His Administration
245:Order of Alcántara
194:Order of Alcántara
163:, Crown of Castile
35:The Most Excellent
3236:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3105:
3104:
3010:Spanish conquests
3000:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2785:
2784:
2466:Pedro de Alvarado
2451:Gaspar de Portolà
2446:Pedro de Valdivia
2421:Francisco Pizarro
2373:Nicolás de Ovando
2368:Alonso de Ercilla
2343:Alonso de Salazar
2176:Ships of the line
2124:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1548:
1547:
1505:Northern Africa (
1501:Equatorial Guinea
1485:
1484:
1422:
1421:
1337:
1336:
1260:
1259:
1251:Spanish Caribbean
1224:Spanish Louisiana
1200:
1199:
1135:Crown of Castille
1099:
1098:
1076:Spanish Civil War
1051:Adams–Onís Treaty
1031:Nootka Convention
979:Thirty Years' War
969:Eighty Years' War
890:Catholic Monarchs
880:Timeline–immersed
831:Nicolás de Ovando
797:978-0-520-31518-1
703:978-0-684-31590-4
658:978-0-8071-7597-2
552:, pp. 16–20.
332:Francisco Pizarro
303:and others about
293:Catholic Monarchs
269:Order of Templars
186:Nicolás de Ovando
182:
181:
39:Nicolás de Ovando
16:(Redirected from
3301:
3111:
3077:Chibchan Nations
3006:
2975:Santiago de Cuba
2834:Guadalupe Island
2794:
2521:
2514:
2476:Diego de Almagro
2353:Antonio de Ulloa
2257:Ambrosio Spinola
2252:Pedro de Zubiaur
2222:Alfonso d'Avalos
2212:Antonio de Leyva
2156:Army of Flanders
2141:
2130:
2019:
2008:
1734:
1723:
1593:
1582:
1550:
1523:Peñón of Algiers
1487:
1424:
1339:
1262:
1244:
1202:
1116:
1105:
1026:Seven Years' War
999:Queen Anne's War
876:
861:
854:
847:
838:
819:
801:
780:
771:
758:
745:
736:
707:
684:
678:
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632:
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598:
583:
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572:
566:
561:D. H. Figueredo,
559:
553:
547:
538:
532:
526:
523:
517:
511:
418:Juan de Esquivel
391:Jaragua Massacre
355:Diego de Nicuesa
265:Comendador-Mayor
149:Crown of Castile
134:Personal details
120:
108:
74:
54:
30:
21:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3300:
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3298:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3228:
3204:Old inquisition
3116:
3101:
3011:
2984:
2940:Trinidad (1797)
2910:La Noche Triste
2898:
2894:San Juan (1797)
2844:San Juan (1595)
2781:
2670:
2510:Notable battles
2505:
2471:Martín de Ursúa
2402:
2333:Alonso de Ojeda
2303:Juan de la Cosa
2288:Pinzón brothers
2271:
2242:John of Austria
2217:Martín de Goiti
2195:
2135:
2116:
2060:
2013:
1994:
1906:
1902:Terra Australis
1897:Río de la Plata
1842:Castilla de Oro
1828:
1770:
1766:Río de la Plata
1728:
1709:
1668:
1627:
1623:Santa Hermandad
1587:
1568:
1564:Terra Australis
1555:
1544:
1511:Spanish Morocco
1492:
1481:
1472:Northern Taiwan
1433:
1418:
1389:Río de la Plata
1344:
1333:
1267:
1266:Central America
1256:
1238:
1207:
1196:
1140:Crown of Aragon
1121:
1110:
1095:
1011:Bourbon Reforms
881:
870:
865:
826:
811:
798:
783:
774:
761:
748:
739:
725:
710:
704:
687:
671:
659:
651:. Baton Rouge.
644:
641:
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625:
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620:
610:
605:
601:
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569:
560:
556:
548:
541:
533:
529:
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520:
512:
503:
498:
466:
453:
395:Higüey Massacre
371:
317:
285:
222:
159:
143:
118:
106:
97:
93:
88:
75:
70:
45:
40:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3307:
3305:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3020:Canary Islands
3016:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2874:Túpac Amaru II
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2819:Bogotá savanna
2816:
2811:
2806:
2800:
2798:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2727:Spanish Armada
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2621:White Mountain
2618:
2616:Cape Celidonia
2613:
2611:English Armada
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2388:Juan Fernández
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2363:Diego Columbus
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2191:Army of Africa
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2171:Spanish Armada
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2072:Manila galleon
2068:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1916:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1740:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1599:
1597:
1589:
1588:
1586:Administration
1585:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1507:Western Sahara
1503:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1405:Banda Oriental
1386:
1372:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1220:Coastal Alaska
1212:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
1002:
1001:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
892:
886:
883:
882:
879:
872:
871:
868:Spanish Empire
866:
864:
863:
856:
849:
841:
835:
834:
825:
824:External links
822:
821:
820:
808:
807:
803:
802:
796:
781:
772:
759:
746:
737:
723:
708:
702:
685:
657:
640:
637:
634:
633:
618:
607:Rainsford 2013
599:
578:
567:
554:
539:
537:, p. 941.
527:
518:
500:
499:
497:
494:
493:
492:
487:
482:
480:Spanish Empire
477:
472:
465:
462:
452:
449:
445:Diego Columbus
426:Canary Islands
370:
367:
316:
313:
284:
281:
221:
218:
180:
179:
176:
175:
169:
165:
164:
156:
152:
151:
140:
136:
135:
131:
130:
127:
126:
124:Diego Columbus
121:
115:
114:
109:
103:
102:
82:
78:
77:
67:
66:
60:
59:
56:
55:
47:
46:
41:
38:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3306:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3155:Tapada limeña
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3112:
3108:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3007:
3003:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2747:Montes Claros
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2687:Vienna (1529)
2685:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2416:Hernán Cortés
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2408:Conquistadors
2405:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2378:Juan de Ayala
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2232:Duke of Savoy
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2127:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2031:Dollar (Peso)
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2009:
2005:
1991:
1990:Santo Domingo
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1867:New Andalusia
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1814:Santo Domingo
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1738:Viceroyalties
1735:
1731:
1724:
1720:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1579:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1551:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1488:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1431:
1425:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1343:South America
1340:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1263:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1228:Spanish Texas
1225:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1206:North America
1203:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1187:Franche-Comté
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1102:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1000:
997:
996:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
896:
893:
891:
888:
887:
884:
877:
873:
869:
862:
857:
855:
850:
848:
843:
842:
839:
832:
828:
827:
823:
817:
816:
810:
809:
805:
804:
799:
793:
789:
788:
782:
778:
773:
770:(in Spanish).
769:
765:
760:
756:
752:
747:
743:
738:
734:
730:
726:
724:0-8263-0283-1
720:
716:
715:
709:
705:
699:
695:
691:
686:
682:
676:
668:
664:
660:
654:
650:
649:
643:
642:
638:
629:
622:
619:
614:
608:
603:
600:
596:
592:
588:
587:Hernán Cortés
582:
579:
576:
571:
568:
565:, pg 14, 2007
564:
558:
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
531:
528:
522:
519:
515:
510:
508:
506:
502:
495:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
467:
463:
461:
459:
450:
448:
446:
442:
438:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
384:
380:
375:
368:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:Santo Domingo
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
314:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
282:
280:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
219:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
177:
174:
170:
168:Resting place
166:
162:
157:
153:
150:
146:
141:
137:
132:
128:
125:
122:
116:
113:
110:
104:
100:
96:
91:
87:(until 1504)
86:
83:
79:
73:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
48:
44:
36:
31:
19:
3130:Architecture
3025:The Americas
2889:Newfoundland
2879:Túpac Katari
2869:Cuerno Verde
2804:Tenochtitlan
2636:Valenciennes
2393:Luis Fajardo
2372:
2262:Blas de Lezo
2207:Duke of Alba
2087:Spanish Road
1925:Buenos Aires
1834:Governorates
1603:Ayuntamiento
1596:Organization
1061:Carlist Wars
909:Italian Wars
814:
786:
776:
767:
754:
741:
713:
693:
647:
639:Bibliography
627:
621:
602:
595:conquistador
585:Ovando made
581:
570:
557:
550:Simpson 2023
530:
521:
514:Márquez 2024
454:
434:
411:
387:
348:
321:
318:
286:
264:
256:
252:
248:
242:
223:
216:population.
185:
183:
119:Succeeded by
94:
92:(after 1504)
71:
3264:1518 deaths
3259:1460 births
3097:Philippines
3062:El Salvador
2682:Capo d'Orso
2566:St. Quentin
2541:Rome (1527)
2200:Strategists
1950:Guadalajara
1877:New Navarre
1872:New Castile
1857:La Luisiana
1809:Puerto Rico
1799:Philippines
1756:New Granada
1446:Philippines
1407:(Uruguay),
1403:(Bolivia),
1353:New Granada
1293:Puerto Rico
1239: [
1109:Territories
929:Encomiendas
806:Attribution
451:Later years
363:Franciscans
336:Inca Empire
328:West Indies
273:Reconquista
226:Extremadura
107:Preceded by
95:co-monarch:
3243:Categories
2767:Somosierra
2757:Manila Bay
2631:Nördlingen
2571:Gravelines
2051:Columnario
2023:Currencies
1940:Concepción
1912:Audiencias
1887:New Toledo
1852:La Florida
1685:Corregidor
1649:Papal bull
1554:Antarctica
1462:Micronesia
919:Golden Age
667:1237649719
496:References
437:Isabella I
430:encomienda
422:sugar cane
379:Hispaniola
220:Early life
210:encomienda
202:Hispaniola
171:Church of
3072:Nicaragua
3050:Guatemala
2960:Pichincha
2945:Chacabuco
2884:Pensacola
2829:Mataquito
2809:Cajamarca
2790:New World
2762:Trafalgar
2666:Alhucemas
2546:Landriano
2531:Comuneros
2517:Old World
2461:Joan Orpí
2181:Royalists
1955:Guatemala
1882:New Spain
1819:Venezuela
1794:Guatemala
1751:New Spain
1746:Columbian
1639:Exequatur
1539:Cape Juby
1393:Argentina
1216:New Spain
1150:Gibraltar
914:Habsburgs
675:cite book
535:Cook 2008
289:Commander
261:Commander
72:In office
3082:Colombia
3067:Honduras
2980:Asomante
2965:Ayacucho
2955:Carabobo
2930:Curalaba
2707:Ceresole
2601:Gembloux
2561:Mühlberg
2276:Mariners
2134:Military
2056:Doubloon
2041:Maravedí
1985:Santiago
1892:Paraguay
1618:Germania
1458:Caroline
1413:Malvinas
1397:Paraguay
1357:Colombia
1299:Trinidad
1166:Sardinia
1006:Bourbons
464:See also
344:Medellín
324:Columbus
263:-Major (
99:Philip I
90:Joanna I
81:Monarchs
3214:Asiento
3185:Mustang
3045:Yucatán
3040:Chiapas
2920:Tucapel
2752:Passaro
2702:Algiers
2692:Preveza
2661:Tetouan
2656:Vitoria
2646:Bitonto
2586:Antwerp
2581:Lepanto
2536:Bicocca
2012:Economy
1935:Charcas
1930:Caracas
1824:Yucatán
1695:Regidor
1680:Alcalde
1608:Cabildo
1515:Tripoli
1454:Mariana
1401:Charcas
1377:(Peru,
1361:Ecuador
1324:Bonaire
1319:Curazao
1304:Jamaica
1232:Florida
439:, King
377:Island
259:) or a
238:Cáceres
192:of the
161:Seville
3192:Castas
2950:Boyacá
2925:Guiana
2915:Iguape
2839:Recife
2777:Mactan
2772:Annual
2737:Rocroi
2732:Leiden
2717:Djerba
2651:Bailén
2606:Ostend
2591:Azores
2186:Legión
2151:Tercio
2144:Armies
2046:Escudo
1975:Panamá
1970:Mexico
1965:Manila
1920:Bogotá
1705:Vecino
1700:Syndic
1531:Béjaïa
1491:Africa
1477:Tidore
1365:Panama
1329:Belize
1236:Mexico
1162:Sicily
1158:Naples
1120:Europe
794:
733:790464
731:
721:
700:
665:
655:
591:notary
257:Maitre
253:Mestre
249:Master
230:Brozas
190:Knight
145:Brozas
101:(1506)
3087:Chile
3055:Petén
3030:Aztec
2849:Bahia
2824:Penco
2814:Cusco
2742:Downs
2722:Tunis
2641:Ceuta
2626:Breda
2576:Malta
2556:Tunis
2551:Pavia
2065:Trade
1980:Quito
1945:Cusco
1784:Chile
1519:Tunis
1466:Palau
1383:Chile
1314:Aruba
1309:Haiti
1243:]
1172:Milan
1130:Spain
399:Taíno
381:with
214:Taíno
184:Frey
3092:Inca
3035:Maya
2970:Guam
2903:Lost
2675:Lost
2596:Mons
2036:Real
1960:Lima
1847:Cuba
1789:Cuba
1761:Perú
1537:and
1535:Ifni
1527:Oran
1450:Guam
1379:Acre
1375:Peru
1285:Cuba
1164:and
792:ISBN
729:OCLC
719:ISBN
698:ISBN
681:link
663:OCLC
653:ISBN
613:help
416:and
393:and
357:and
232:but
155:Died
142:1460
139:Born
2797:Won
2524:Won
1632:Law
1529:,
1249:),
1230:),
287:As
255:or
43:KOA
3245::
1533:,
1525:,
1521:,
1517:,
1513:,
1509:,
1464:,
1460:,
1456:,
1452:,
1448:,
1411:,
1399:,
1395:,
1381:,
1367:,
1363:,
1359:,
1291:,
1287:,
1241:es
1234:,
1160:,
897:,
766:.
753:.
727:.
677:}}
673:{{
661:.
589:a
542:^
504:^
346:.
311:.
279:.
147:,
1541:)
1468:)
1444:(
1432:)
1415:)
1391:(
1385:)
1355:(
1295:)
1283:(
1253:)
1218:(
1168:)
860:e
853:t
846:v
800:.
744:.
735:.
706:.
683:)
669:.
615:)
609:.
597:.
516:.
251:(
200:(
20:)
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