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banking entity. The merged company claims legacy Wells Fargo’s history (dating to 1852) as its own, and also adopted legacy Wells Fargo's ticker symbol, WFC. However, it retains
Norwest's pre-1998 stock price history and corporate structure, and all pre-1998 SEC filings are under Norwest, not Wells Fargo. Former Wells Fargo stockholders held 52.5 percent of the newly combined company and former Norwest stockholders held 47.5 percent. Paul Hazen, chairman and CEO of Wells Fargo, become chairman of the merged bank, while Richard M. Kovacevich, chairman and CEO of Norwest, become president and CEO of the new organization. The merger was completed in November 1998.
700:, Puerto Rico. About one-quarter of Norwest Corp.'s earnings were generated by Norwest Financial in the mid-1990s, with another 12 percent coming from Norwest Mortgage. The traditional community banking operations—which extended to 16 states by 1995—counted for only about 37 percent of the total. By year-end 1995, Norwest had total assets of $ 72.13 billion, making it the 13th largest bank holding company in the nation. Net income, which was nearing the $ 1 billion mark, had grown at a compounded annual rate of 25 percent over the previous eight years.
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464:, numerous additional banks failed. In 1932, 700 Upper Midwestern banks failed. None of the Banco members went under – and no depositor lost any savings – because the group was able to move liquidity around the system and in some cases, inject new capital into troubled banks. The number of members did decline, however, as some units in the group merged while others were sold off. Membership fell to 83 by 1940, then to 70 by 1952.
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602:, which had assets of $ 145 million. At the same time came the pruning of some rural operations, including eight banks in southern Minnesota and seven branches in South Dakota. Later in the decade, opportunities to expand outside the group's traditional seven-state banking region began to arise as the barriers to interstate banking began to be dismantled. In 1988 Norwest entered rapidly growing
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681:(formerly United Bank of Arizona and Great Western Bank & Trust). Between January 1994 and June 1995, Norwest made an additional 25 acquisitions, including several in Texas, making it the most active acquirer among bank holding companies. In 1995 Norwest Mortgage became the nation's leading originator of home mortgages following the acquisition of
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475:) that was allowed to conduct interstate banking under a grandfather clause in the 1927 act. This advantage was tempered somewhat by the emergence of bank holding companies in the late 1960s, but under the holding company arrangement, a subsidiary bank in one state was a separate entity from a subsidiary bank in another state.
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Banco was beset by a series of major setbacks in the early 1980s. The troubles actually began in late 1979 when
Richard H. Vaughan, the president and CEO, was electrocuted by a wire that had fallen during a storm. This set off a management crisis. Chester Lind stepped in as a caretaker leader until a
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Prior to the 1970s, Banco's affiliated members were largely autonomous. But during that decade, Banco began adopting a more unified structure in terms of systemwide planning, marketing, data processing, funds management, and loan syndication. By the end of the decade, Banco consisted of 85 affiliates
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On the banking side, Kovacevich continued the process of standardizing the operating methods of the various
Norwest banks, increased marketing efforts, and expanded the services offered. He also began seeking acquisitions, particularly aiming to bolster Norwest's presence in key cities; in 1986, for
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Meanwhile, with the farm economy going into a tailspin starting in 1981, Norwest began feeling the effects of its heavy farm loan portfolio--$ 1.2 billion, or seven percent of its overall loan portfolio. Norwest had another $ 1.2 billion in loans in foreign markets, which caused additional
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in a stock swap worth $ 34 billion. Although
Norwest was the surviving entity, retaining the Northwestern Bank charter, the merged company took the better-known Wells Fargo name and moved its headquarters to San Francisco. Norwest Bank, NA merged into Wells Fargo Bank, NA as the merged bank's legal
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The new leader began centralizing the still loosely knit confederation into a more traditional bank holding company. In 1982 the 80-odd affiliates began to be grouped into eight regions reporting to a corporate vice-chairman. Plans were also laid to unify all the affiliates and Banco itself under a
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and
Internet banking – the latter of course making cross-selling difficult. It was also in this cross-selling that the main units of Norwest – the retail bank, the finance company, and the mortgage company – fit and worked together. Another key to Norwest's success was its focus on these three key
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increase 500 percent from 1983 to 1984, to more than $ 500 million. Further trouble came from the bank's mortgage unit, Norwest
Mortgage Inc., which had been quickly built into the second largest holder of mortgages in the United States. In the summer of 1984, Norwest Mortgage lost nearly $
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One of the keys to
Norwest's success in the retail banking sector following the arrival of Kovacevich was the emphasis on relationship banking. His focus was on smaller customers, checking account depositors and small businesses, and he aimed to build relationships with them that would lead to
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The following year
Norwest Mortgage became the biggest home-mortgage servicer as well through the $ 600 million purchase of the bulk of the mortgage unit of the Prudential Insurance Co. of America, otherwise known as Prudential Home Mortgage. Prudential's high-quality loan portfolio and
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to become vice-chairman and CEO of
Norwest's banking group in early 1986 (he was named to the additional posts of president and COO of Norwest Corp. in January 1989). The new managers began slashing away at Norwest's bloated bureaucracy. They drastically curtailed the bank's agricultural and
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In August 1984 the head of
Norwest Mortgage was fired because of the hedging losses. By early 1985 substantial portions of Norwest Mortgage were divested, including operations involved in servicing mortgages and buying mortgages from other lenders for resale. The unit now focused strictly on
557:, Dial had more than 460 offices in 38 states offering consumer loans for everything from cars to sailboats. It was considered one of the top consumer finance firms in the country and had a $ 1 billion consumer loan operation. Dial was renamed Norwest Financial Services Inc. in 1983.
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international loan portfolios, the former being reduced to $ 400 million by early 1989, the latter to $ 10 million. By December 1988, the nonperforming loan total stood at just $ 150 million. To help prevent future calamities, Norwest instituted tighter lending criteria.
734:, and Central America. Net income had reached $ 1.35 billion by 1994. Norwest had grown into this position of strength without completing any of the blockbuster mergers that shook up the banking industry in the 1990s, but in June 1998 the bank announced the pending merger with
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By the end of 1994, Norwest had become the 11th largest bank in the United States with total assets of $ 88.54 billion. With a branch network covering 16 states, Norwest had the largest contiguous bank franchise in the nation. Its strongest markets were in Minnesota, Texas,
610:. Norwest ended the 1980s fully recovered from its early-decade travails and ranking as one of the nation's most profitable regional banking companies and the 30th largest bank overall, with assets in excess of $ 25 billion. Net income stood at $ 237 million for 1989.
730:, and Iowa. Having only entered Texas in 1993, Norwest had built up a $ 10 billion presence there by buying 33 banks. Norwest Mortgage was national in scope, while Norwest Financial covered 49 states, along with additional operations in Guam, Saipan, Canada, the
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areas; although it did have other operations, such as a successful venture capital unit, the bank was not moving into such areas as investment banking, unlike numerous other banks, and it was not attempting to compete with large New York City securities firms.
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100 million from an unsuccessful effort to hedge its mounting interest-rate risk on adjustable-rate mortgages. The loan losses and the mortgage debacle led to a drop in net income from $ 125.2 million in 1983 to $ 69.5 million in 1984.
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anchored by Northwestern National Bank in Minneapolis. Banco acquired stock in the affiliated banks and served as a mutual protection association. Another 90 banks joined Banco in its first year of operation, and by 1932 there were 139 affiliates.
417:, but as the city and region grew the bank's deposits and assets grew in kind. Between 1872 and 1892 the bank's deposits increased from $ 50,000 to $ 3 million. Between 1892 and 1902 deposits more than tripled to more than $ 10 million.
658:, the second largest consumer finance firm in Canada. By the end of 1992 Norwest had total assets of $ 44.56 billion, more than double the figure of 1988. At the beginning of 1993, Johnson handed over his CEO position to Kovacevich.
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new name. The change occurred in 1983, when Northwest Bancorporation became Norwest Corporation. Tellingly, the new name did not include 'bank' or some variant thereof because Morrison aimed to reposition Norwest as a diversified
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of other financial services – an auto loan, a mortgage, insurance, a mutual fund, and so on. To do so required the maintenance of an extensive network of bank branches staffed by well-trained tellers and bankers.
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originating mortgages. In the wake of Norwest's poor performance in 1984, Morrison resigned and was replaced by Lloyd P. Johnson, former vice-chairman of Security Pacific Corp. Johnson soon brought on board
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During the generally prosperous 1920s, the nation's agricultural sector did not share in the good times. Many smaller banks that had overextended credit to farmers ran into serious trouble. In the
516:, ranking Banco as the 20th largest banking company in the United States. Banco was also active on the international banking scene through its lead bank, Northwestern National, which controlled
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and before the building was demolished, the bank's weatherball was dismantled and stored at the Minnesota State Fairgrounds. The weatherball was never restored and, in 2000, it was scrapped.
572:, as its replacement. However, until the Norwest Center opened in 1988, corporate staff was scattered around 26 different sites in the city, leading to numerous logistical difficulties.
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for about $ 490 million. First United had assets of $ 3.8 billion. Also in 1993, Norwest became the 4th-largest bank in Arizona by acquiring the Arizona operations of
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from 1920 to 1929. It was with this backdrop that in early 1929, just months before the stock market crash, two banking associations were formed in the
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of 1927 had prohibited banks from operating branches across state lines. Banco was one of three major banks (the others being First Bank System and
654:, a bank based in Denver with total assets of $ 6.3 billion. Norwest Financial grew through acquisition as well, with the 1992 purchase of
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company. He'd taken steps in this direction a year earlier, when he engineered the acquisition of Dial Corporation (not to be confused with
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problems in the early 1980s as Norwest, like most U.S. banks, had made many bad loans overseas. As a result, Norwest saw its
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Acquisitions continued in the early 1990s. By early 1991 Norwest had 291 bank branches in 11 states, having moved into
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This ran counter to the mid-1990s trend in the industry away from expensive branch banking and toward impersonal
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the downtown Minneapolis headquarters. Norwest immediately announced plans to build a modern 774-foot tower, the
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While these restructuring initiatives were being carried out, the bank suffered another blow during the 1982
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more permanent successor could be found. In October 1981 John W. Morrison was named chairman and CEO.
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were the bank's first two presidents. Initially the bank was heavily supported by the
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established in Minneapolis in 1872. Early Minneapolis business and political leaders
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441:: Northwest Bancorporation and the First Bank Stock Corporation (later known as
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When the Weatherball is wearing green, no weather changes are foreseen.
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When the Weatherball is shining white, colder weather is in sight.
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Colors blinking by night and day, say precipitation's on the way."
777:"When the Weatherball is glowing red, warmer weather's just ahead.
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954:"Wells, Norwest Deal Done / Merger creates 7th-largest U.S. bank"
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In 1949, Northwestern National Bank constructed a 157-foot high
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for the first time through the purchase of a small bank near
642:), a $ 2 billion concern. Also acquired was a troubled
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Northwest, known more simply as "Banco", was a banking
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was a banking and financial services company based in
27:
Former American banking and financial services company
975:"When neon lights predicted the weather in Minnesota"
553:) in September 1982 for $ 252 million. Based in
630:. In April 1990 Norwest paid $ 173 million for
380:, Minnesota, United States. In 1998, it merged with
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774:The Northwestern National Bank Weatherball jingle:
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62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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835:"North Western National Bank, 140th Anniversary"
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598:example, Norwest acquired Toy National Bank of
401:The earliest roots of the company are with the
551:the consumer products company of the same name
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863:"Advertising; Changing The Image Of A Bank"
384:and since that time has operated under the
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122:Learn how and when to remove this message
18:Northwestern National Bank of Minneapolis
882:Noble, Kenneth B. (September 17, 1981).
689:technology was key to this acquisition.
669:came in 1993 through the acquisition of
661:Expansion of the banking operation into
249:in 1998 and assumed the Wells Fargo name
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1626:Defunct companies based in Minneapolis
1596:American companies established in 1929
861:Dougherty, Philip H. (April 8, 1983).
696:, a consumer finance company based in
536:1980s, and restructuring into Norwest
7:
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1505:Wells Fargo Tower (Colorado Springs)
1001:Schaack, Megan (February 23, 2007).
920:"Norwest Acquiring Citibank-Arizona"
167:Northwest Bancorporation (1929–1983)
60:adding citations to reliable sources
1636:1998 disestablishments in Minnesota
1465:Wells Fargo Center (Salt Lake City)
952:Zuckerman, Sam (November 3, 1998).
918:Quint, Michael (February 4, 1993).
1621:Defunct banks of the United States
1308:First National Bank (Philadelphia)
806:"Wells Fargo and Norwest to Merge"
520:, a merchant bank with offices in
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1531:Wells Fargo cross-selling scandal
1495:Wells Fargo Center (Philadelphia)
1455:Wells Fargo Center (Portland, OR)
1440:Wells Fargo Center (Jacksonville)
1268:Bowles Hollowell Conner & Co.
833:Keir, Terry (September 6, 2012).
769:Minneapolis Thanksgiving Day Fire
1631:1929 establishments in Minnesota
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1450:Wells Fargo Center (Minneapolis)
1445:Wells Fargo Center (Los Angeles)
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1047:Archived official website (1998)
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1003:"Guided by History: Weatherball"
884:"Dial Corp. in Accord on Merger"
512:. Total assets had reached $ 11
140:
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1460:Wells Fargo Center (Sacramento)
566:Thanksgiving Day fire destroyed
47:needs additional citations for
1500:Wells Fargo Tower (Birmingham)
1215:Wells Fargo Insurance Services
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1641:1998 mergers and acquisitions
1238:ABD Insurance & Financial
814:(Press release). June 8, 1998
683:Directors Mortgage Loan Corp.
652:United Banks of Colorado Inc.
636:First Interstate of Wisconsin
1606:Banks disestablished in 1998
1470:Wells Fargo Center (Seattle)
1399:Allspring Global Investments
671:First United Bank Group Inc.
648:First Minnesota Savings Bank
1490:Wells Fargo Plaza (Phoenix)
1485:Wells Fargo Plaza (Houston)
1480:Wells Fargo Plaza (El Paso)
1435:Wells Fargo Center (Denver)
640:Citizen's Bank of Sheboygan
219:as Northwest Bancorporation
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1414:Tillie the All-Time Teller
1333:Garden State National Bank
589:, who was hired away from
429:alone, 1,500 banks became
421:Great Depression and Banco
403:Northwestern National Bank
1601:Banks established in 1929
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1298:First Commerce Bancshares
1212:Wells Fargo Home Mortgage
1123:
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740:Wells Fargo & Company
646:in Norwest's home state,
415:Northern Pacific Railroad
365:archived official website
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1616:Banks based in Minnesota
1611:Wells Fargo legacy banks
1348:Halsey, Stuart & Co.
1303:First Interstate Bancorp
473:First Interstate Bancorp
1353:National Bank of Alaska
1313:First Pennsylvania Bank
959:San Francisco Chronicle
721:Merger with Wells Fargo
1526:History of Wells Fargo
1430:One Wells Fargo Center
1243:Atlantic National Bank
1218:Wells Fargo Securities
973:Bentz, Alyssa (2018).
847:on September 14, 2015.
756:
518:Canadian American Bank
269:Minneapolis, Minnesota
1363:Prudential Securities
1343:Golden West Financial
1338:Georgia Railroad Bank
1328:Florida National Bank
1288:Evergreen Investments
1283:Crocker National Bank
1263:Bank of North America
1233:Abbot-Downing Company
1226:Historical components
1209:Wells Fargo Financial
755:Weatherball coin bank
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587:Richard M. Kovacevich
382:Wells Fargo & Co.
354:Richard M. Kovacevich
227:November 2, 1998
208:January 24, 1929
146:Final logo of Norwest
71:"Norwest Corporation"
1278:CoreStates Financial
1202:Wells Fargo Advisors
1187:Suzanne M. Vautrinot
1015:on October 19, 2015.
578:non-performing loans
56:improve this article
1383:Wachovia Securities
656:Trans Canada Credit
374:Norwest Corporation
229: (25 years ago)
210: (95 years ago)
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135:Norwest Corporation
1510:Duke Energy Center
1166:Theodore F. Craver
1136:Board of directors
924:The New York Times
889:The New York Times
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694:ITT Island Finance
644:"savings and loan"
547:financial services
199:Financial services
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1392:Former components
1258:Bank of Baltimore
1184:Ronald L. Sargent
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67:Find sources:
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45:This article
43:
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1273:Century Bank
1156:Steven Black
1037:Banks portal
1013:the original
1006:
996:
984:. Retrieved
978:
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935:. Retrieved
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562:Thanksgiving
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506:North Dakota
502:South Dakota
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469:McFadden Act
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447:U.S. Bancorp
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306:North Dakota
302:South Dakota
264:Headquarters
172:Company type
159:Norwest Bank
118:
112:January 2007
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
1574:Wikiversity
1323:First Union
1112:Henry Wells
1085:Wells Fargo
1008:Wells Fargo
986:October 17,
980:Wells Fargo
937:January 19,
903:January 23,
840:Wells Fargo
811:PR Newswire
761:weatherball
747:Weatherball
675:Albuquerque
460:During the
454:cooperative
435:Twin Cities
386:Wells Fargo
378:Minneapolis
281:Area served
258:Wells Fargo
247:Wells Fargo
1590:Categories
1373:SouthTrust
1152:(chairman)
790:References
663:New Mexico
638:(formerly
530:Luxembourg
524:, London,
349:Key people
334:New Mexico
234:1998-11-02
215:1929-01-24
190:: NOB
154:Trade name
82:newspapers
1423:Buildings
1404:H.D. Vest
1195:Divisions
932:0362-4331
898:0362-4331
732:Caribbean
632:Sheboygan
490:Wisconsin
486:Minnesota
445:and then
439:Minnesota
431:insolvent
290:Wisconsin
286:Minnesota
254:Successor
245:Acquired
182:Traded as
1550:Category
1378:Wachovia
1105:Founders
728:Colorado
698:San Juan
679:Citicorp
624:Illinois
591:Citicorp
522:Winnipeg
498:Nebraska
330:Colorado
322:Illinois
298:Nebraska
195:Industry
164:Formerly
1562:Commons
1519:History
1358:Norwest
1096:History
818:May 19,
738:-based
634:-based
628:Wyoming
620:Indiana
608:Phoenix
604:Arizona
514:billion
510:Montana
392:History
360:Website
326:Wyoming
318:Indiana
314:Arizona
310:Montana
232: (
224:Defunct
213: (
205:Founded
96:scholar
930:
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626:, and
528:, and
526:Nassau
508:, and
388:name.
340:, and
338:Nevada
175:Public
98:
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69:
1146:(CEO)
667:Texas
614:1990s
479:1970s
342:Texas
103:JSTOR
89:books
988:2022
939:2020
928:ISSN
905:2016
894:ISSN
820:2016
714:ATMs
665:and
494:Iowa
409:and
294:Iowa
242:Fate
188:NYSE
75:news
673:of
449:).
437:of
58:by
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