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Music – art and cultural form whose medium is sound and silence. Its common elements are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture. The word derives from Greek μουσική
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Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the black experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well. Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as "one of
America's original art forms".
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Jazz standard – musical composition which is an important part of the musical repertoire of jazz musicians, in that it is widely known, performed, and recorded by jazz musicians, and widely known by listeners. Jazz standards include jazz arrangements of popular
806:– conventional category that identifies pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. It is to be distinguished from musical form and musical style, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.
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appeared in the late 1960s and early 1970s, combining jazz improvisation with rock music's rhythms, electric instruments and the highly amplified stage sound. In the early 1980s, a commercial form of jazz fusion called
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emerged in the 1940s, shifting jazz from danceable popular music towards a more challenging "musician's music" which was played at faster tempos and used more chord-based improvisation.
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As jazz spread around the world, it drew on different national, regional, and local musical cultures, which gave rise to many distinctive styles.
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554:– musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States, mixing
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Jazz spans a period of over a hundred years, encompassing a very wide range of music, making it difficult to define. Jazz makes heavy use of
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36:(1901–1971) is considered one of the pivotal musicians in jazz for his contributions as a trumpet player, composer and singer.
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became successful, garnering significant radio airplay. Other styles and genres abound in the 2000s, such as
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in the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It emerged in the form of independent
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developed in the end of the 1940s, introducing calmer, smoother sounds and long, linear melodic lines.
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1920s–1960s, although popularity and development as a genre persists into the present.
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began in the early 1910s, combining earlier brass-band marches, French
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From Jazz to Swing: Black Jazz
Musicians and Their Music, 1917–1935
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2344:. PhD dissertation, Northwestern University, 1973, pp. 470–473.
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styles, all linked by the common bonds of
African American and
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emerged, which introduced influences from rhythm and blues,
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is provided as an overview of and topical guide to jazz:
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2381:"Popular Jazz and Swing: America's Original Art Form."
663:, a hard-swinging, bluesy, improvisational style and
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that originated from
African American communities of
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IIP Digital. Oxford
University Press, 26 July 2008.
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900:Clarinet (early Dixieland jazz and Swing-era jazz)
813:Musical instruments typically associated with jazz
584:musical parentage with a performance orientation.
611:tradition, and African musical elements such as
2243:List of cool jazz and West Coast jazz musicians
897:Bass guitar (post 1950s, especially post-1970s)
795:Jazz can be described as all of the following:
652:In the 1930s, heavily arranged dance-oriented
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2445:The International Archives for the Jazz Organ
2370:, Oxford University Press, 2005, Chapter Two.
8:
2334:
2332:
2085:List of jazz institutions and organizations
763:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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2307:Glossary of jazz and popular musical terms
603:, as well as aspects of European harmony,
27:
18:
783:Learn how and when to remove this message
558:and European classical music traditions.
2379:Starr, Larry, and Christopher Waterman.
2328:
698:developed in the late 1950s, using the
2357:, 2nd edn., Continuum, 2007, pp. 4–5.
7:
2417:Jazz Artist and Discography Resource
761:adding citations to reliable sources
671:waltzes) were the prominent styles.
615:and African-American styles such as
2455:The Jazz Archive at Duke University
2450:Classic and Contemporary Jazz Music
2432:Jazz At Lincoln Center Hall of Fame
855:"Lead instruments and lead vocals"
96:guitar (typically electric guitar)
14:
3892:Album covers of Blue Note Records
2492:collected news and commentary at
2481:collected news and commentary at
2412:Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame website
1303:songs and well-known jazz tunes.
3940:
2291:
1327:List of post-1950 jazz standards
733:
4056:Technology and applied sciences
1307:List of pre-1920 jazz standards
800:(mousike; "art of the Muses").
682:The 1950s saw the emergence of
79:Late 19th-century United States
3272:Institutions and organizations
2427:Jazz at Lincoln Center website
2407:Encyclopedia of Jazz Musicians
2238:List of chamber jazz musicians
2172:List of American jazz drummers
1:
4031:Natural and physical sciences
2969:Cool jazz and West Coast jazz
2467:available for downloading at
2268:List of smooth jazz musicians
2253:List of jazz fusion musicians
2150:Jazz musicians, by instrument
1427:Riverside Records discography
1407:Milestone Records discography
1342:Blue Note Records discography
135:of the 1970s, electric bass,
4082:Outlines of culture and arts
2368:The Oxford Companion to Jazz
1422:Prestige Records discography
1387:Impulse! Records discography
1322:List of 1940s jazz standards
1317:List of 1930s jazz standards
1312:List of 1920s jazz standards
139:and synthesizer were common.
4051:Society and social sciences
4046:Religion and belief systems
2273:List of soul-jazz musicians
2189:List of jazz percussionists
2133:Persons influential in jazz
903:Tuba (early Dixieland jazz)
4103:
2465:Free 1920s Jazz Collection
2397:Jazz Foundation of America
2263:List of ska-jazz musicians
2248:List of hard bop musicians
1450:Timeline of jazz education
3994:
3936:
3298:See Template: Jazz theory
2199:List of jazz saxophonists
2162:List of jazz clarinetists
1437:Verve Records discography
667:(a style that emphasized
521:
425:
294:
187:
26:
3988:Knowledge (XXG) outlines
2460:Jazz Festivals in Europe
2226:Jazz musicians, by genre
2204:List of jazz trombonists
2052:List of jazz contrafacts
1417:Muse Records discography
4041:Philosophy and thinking
2278:List of swing musicians
2233:List of bebop musicians
2214:List of jazz violinists
2209:List of jazz trumpeters
2179:List of jazz guitarists
1412:MPS Records discography
1372:Flying Dutchman Records
16:Musical style and genre
2402:Jazz @ the Smithsonian
2317:Victorian Jazz Archive
2219:List of jazz vocalists
2184:List of jazz organists
2144:List of jazz musicians
2057:List of jazz festivals
894:(early Dixieland jazz)
605:American popular music
4026:Mathematics and logic
2355:A New History of Jazz
2194:List of jazz pianists
2167:List of jazz drummers
2157:List of jazz bassists
1496:Mainstream popularity
4011:Geography and places
4006:Culture and the arts
3686:Bibliography of jazz
3466:Continental European
2474:A List of Jazz Lists
2439:American Jazz Museum
2258:List of scat singers
757:improve this section
3927:Straight, No Chaser
3716:Straight-ahead jazz
3173:Winter & Winter
2622:French horn in jazz
2339:Hennessey, Thomas,
1432:Strata-East Records
1352:Cobblestone Records
84:Typical instruments
4021:History and events
4016:Health and fitness
3871:West African music
3696:British dance band
3486:European free jazz
3459:British dance band
2952:Musicians by genre
2732:Free improvisation
2484:The New York Times
2079:Jazz organizations
2047:List of jazz clubs
1402:Mainstream Records
1335:Jazz discographies
1245:South African jazz
4064:
4063:
3999:General reference
3954:
3953:
3827:New Orleans blues
3674:
3673:
3617:
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3191:Beaches (Toronto)
2602:Swing performance
2091:Jazz publications
2072:Swing performance
1456:Stylistic origins
1284:Jazz compositions
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582:European American
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42:Stylistic origins
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3711:Continental jazz
3604:Washington, D.C.
3569:
3471:Czech and Slovak
3329:
3113:India Navigation
2811:Progressive jazz
2665:Avant-garde jazz
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2422:Red Hot Jazz.com
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2312:Outline of music
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1516:Rhythm and blues
1483:Cultural origins
1397:Landmark Records
1392:India Navigation
1268:Kansas City jazz
1185:Azerbaijani jazz
1022:Traditional jazz
948:or 'Early Jazz'.
936:Continental Jazz
916:Avant-garde jazz
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706:Jazz-rock fusion
661:Kansas City jazz
642:with collective
628:New Orleans jazz
276:Traditional jazz
191:Avant-garde jazz
165:rhythm and blues
144:Derivative forms
76:Cultural origins
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3947:Jazz portal
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3913:The Jazz Singer
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3859:Novelty ragtime
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3093:Flying Dutchman
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2801:Orchestral jazz
2781:Mainstream jazz
2769:Afro-Cuban jazz
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2560:Outline of jazz
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2506:Outline of jazz
2490:Outline of jazz
2479:Outline of jazz
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2366:Bill Kirchner,
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1444:History of jazz
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1382:Groove Merchant
1377:Freedom Records
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1278:West Coast jazz
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1235:Music of Malawi
1230:Jazz in Germany
1180:Australian jazz
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1173:Regional scenes
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1027:Traditional pop
987:Orchestral jazz
972:Mainstream jazz
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830:Electric guitar
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719:Afro-Cuban jazz
578:popular musical
421:Regional scenes
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2908:Percussionists
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2870:
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2867:
2862:
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2845:
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2839:
2838:
2831:Spiritual jazz
2828:
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2553:General topics
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2391:External links
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2359:
2353:Alyn Shipton,
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2138:Jazz musicians
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2126:All About Jazz
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1297:Broadway songs
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1002:Spiritual jazz
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820:Rhythm section
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638:, ragtime and
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3876:Western swing
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3599:New York City
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3523:Flamenco jazz
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3046:Discographies
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2933:Vibraphonists
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2853:Swing revival
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2712:Flamenco jazz
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2698:
2695:
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2647:Women in jazz
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2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2632:Jazz trombone
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2623:
2620:
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2612:Jazz drumming
2610:
2608:
2605:
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2581:
2580:Improvisation
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2040:
2038:Jazz standard
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2024:Jazz drumming
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1999:Improvisation
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1981:
1980:
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1972:
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1546:
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1541:Years in jazz
1540:
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1533:
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1528:
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1523:
1521:
1520:Rock and roll
1518:
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1260:
1256:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1225:Japanese jazz
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:Swing revival
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
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1132:
1129:
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1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
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1046:
1045:
1038:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
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1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
908:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
889:
885:
884:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
858:
854:
853:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
839:Jazz drumming
837:
835:
832:
829:
826:
825:
821:
818:
817:
812:
805:
802:
801:
798:
797:
796:
787:
784:
776:
766:
762:
758:
752:
751:
747:
742:This section
740:
736:
731:
730:
725:Types of jazz
724:
722:
720:
716:
712:
707:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
655:
650:
648:
647:improvisation
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
589:improvisation
585:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
557:
556:African music
553:
552:
547:
545:
534:
531:
529:Jazz standard
528:
526:
523:
522:
520:
515:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
426:
424:
419:
414:
411:
409:
408:Swing revival
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
295:
293:
290:Fusion genres
288:
282:
281:complete list
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
188:
186:
181:
175:
172:
170:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
126:
124:
123:Hammond organ
121:
119:
116:
113:
110:
107:
104:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
86:
82:
78:
74:
67:
65:
62:
60:
57:
55:
52:
50:
47:
46:
44:
40:
35:
30:
25:
20:
3938:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3907:(miniseries)
3904:
3896:
3866:Sophisti-pop
3296:
3287:Jazz royalty
3277:Jazz funeral
3073:Contemporary
2964:Chamber jazz
2918:Saxophonists
2888:Clarinetists
2860:Third stream
2697:Chamber jazz
2597:Scat singing
2559:
2495:The Guardian
2493:
2482:
2375:
2367:
2362:
2354:
2349:
2340:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2103:
2096:
2062:Scat singing
2034:Jazz royalty
1987:Jazz culture
1977:
1927:
1877:
1827:
1777:
1727:
1677:
1627:
1577:
1547:
1488:Early 1910s
1257:Local scenes
1250:Spanish jazz
1220:Italian jazz
1195:British jazz
1166:World fusion
1126:Manila Sound
1042:
1017:Third stream
931:Chamber jazz
794:
779:
770:
755:Please help
743:
704:
681:
651:
625:
621:
586:
560:
549:
548:
541:
517:Other topics
499:South Africa
413:World fusion
373:Manila Sound
271:Third stream
206:Chamber jazz
3849:Quiet storm
3812:Contradanza
3594:New Orleans
3589:Kansas City
3392:Jazz mugham
3387:Azerbaijani
3311:Second line
3306:Rare groove
3292:Jazz theory
3282:Jazz poetry
3267:Contrafacts
3251:Saint Lucia
3231:New Orleans
3163:Strata-East
3138:MPS Records
3068:Cobblestone
2989:Smooth jazz
2979:Jazz fusion
2923:Trombonists
2836:Sacred jazz
2821:Smooth jazz
2754:Jazz fusion
2637:Jazz violin
2617:Jazz guitar
2592:Jam session
2565:Jazz (word)
2469:Archive.org
2299:Jazz portal
2119:Jazz Improv
2112:Jazz Review
2042:Jazz (word)
2029:Jazz poetry
2004:Jam session
1506:Derivatives
1490:New Orleans
1357:CTI Records
1240:Polish jazz
1210:French jazz
1156:Smooth jazz
1146:Shibuya-kei
1116:Livetronica
1101:Jazz fusion
1044:Jazz fusion
1039:Jazz fusion
909:Jazz genres
870:Jazz violin
844:Jazz guitar
822:instruments
804:Music genre
711:smooth jazz
597:syncopation
593:polyrhythms
574:traditional
570:New Orleans
566:music genre
533:Jazz (word)
489:Netherlands
403:Smooth jazz
393:Shibuya-kei
353:Jazz fusion
133:jazz fusion
90:Double bass
4071:Categories
3834:Brass band
3822:Jump blues
3666:Ethno jazz
3629:Australian
3609:West Coast
3366:Zimbabwean
3206:Copenhagen
3128:Mainstream
2938:Violinists
2928:Trumpeters
2898:Guitarists
2806:Organ trio
2791:Modal jazz
2764:Latin jazz
2744:Gypsy jazz
2642:Vocal jazz
2627:Jazz piano
2323:References
1512:Jump blues
1347:BYG Actuel
1205:Dutch jazz
1200:Cuban jazz
1190:Bossa nova
1066:Bossa nova
1032:Vocal jazz
967:Latin jazz
957:Gypsy jazz
880:Vocal jazz
875:Vibraphone
849:Jazz piano
696:Modal jazz
665:Gypsy jazz
644:polyphonic
632:quadrilles
613:blue notes
609:brass band
601:swing note
525:Jazz clubs
434:Azerbaijan
241:Modal jazz
231:Latin jazz
221:Gypsy jazz
156:jump blues
118:vibraphone
3802:Acid jazz
3659:Worldwide
3645:Brazilian
3442:Bulgarian
3404:Indo jazz
3354:Cape jazz
3241:North Sea
3196:Cape Town
3183:Festivals
3158:Riverside
3133:Milestone
3058:Blue Note
3053:Bethlehem
3037:post-1950
3009:Standards
2994:Soul jazz
2943:Vocalists
2903:Organists
2875:Musicians
2865:Trad jazz
2826:Soul jazz
2749:Jazz-funk
2737:Punk jazz
2727:Free funk
2722:Free jazz
2717:Folk jazz
2707:Dixieland
2702:Cool jazz
2692:Cape jazz
2607:Jazz bass
2570:Jazz band
2105:Down Beat
2098:JazzTimes
2020:Jazz band
1273:Dixieland
1263:Cape jazz
1215:Indo jazz
1141:Punk jazz
1096:Jazz funk
1076:Free funk
1061:Bluegrass
1051:Acid jazz
997:Soul jazz
952:Free jazz
946:Dixieland
941:Cool jazz
860:Saxophone
834:Jazz bass
744:does not
684:free jazz
677:Cool jazz
657:big bands
429:Australia
388:Punk jazz
348:Jazz funk
333:Indo jazz
323:Free funk
318:Folk jazz
308:Bluegrass
298:Acid jazz
261:Soul jazz
216:Free jazz
211:Cool jazz
183:Subgenres
127:harmonica
102:saxophone
4087:Outlines
3807:Afrobeat
3721:Pre-1920
3706:Jazz Age
3622:Oceanian
3572:American
3546:Canadian
3430:European
3421:Japanese
3382:Armenian
3344:Malawian
3339:Ethiopia
3226:Montreux
3221:Montreal
3216:Monterey
3153:Prestige
3123:Landmark
3108:Impulse!
3088:ESP-Disk
3017:Pre-1920
2974:Hard bop
2913:Pianists
2893:Drummers
2883:Bassists
2816:Ska jazz
2759:Jazz rap
2685:Post-bop
2675:Hard bop
2575:Big band
2285:See also
2016:Jazz Age
1994:Big band
1549:Pre-1920
1367:ESP-Disk
1151:Ska jazz
1106:Jazz rap
1091:Jazzcore
1086:Jam band
1071:Dansband
1056:Afrobeat
992:Post-bop
962:Hard Bop
926:Big band
863:Trombone
827:Drum kit
773:May 2024
688:hard bop
599:and the
398:Ska jazz
358:Jazz rap
343:Jazzcore
338:Jam band
313:Dansband
303:Afrobeat
256:Post-bop
226:Hard bop
201:Big band
111:trombone
108:clarinet
3854:Ragtime
3839:Exotica
3795:Related
3701:Ragtime
3679:History
3584:Chicago
3551:Haitian
3530:Swedish
3518:Spanish
3501:Italian
3454:British
3449:Belgian
3416:Iranian
3332:African
3260:Culture
3236:Newport
3211:Jakarta
3201:Chicago
3098:Freedom
2796:Nu jazz
2680:Neo-bop
2441:website
1477:Ragtime
1136:Nu soul
1131:Nu jazz
982:Neo-bop
866:Trumpet
765:removed
750:sources
669:musette
636:biguine
617:ragtime
544:outline
459:Germany
383:Nu soul
378:Nu jazz
251:Neo-bop
174:hip hop
105:trumpet
64:ragtime
59:marches
3506:Polish
3496:German
3491:French
3476:Danish
3437:Balkan
3399:Indian
3359:Marabi
3316:Venues
2843:Stride
2786:Marabi
2776:M-Base
2657:Genres
2510:Curlie
2067:Stride
1530:Reggae
1081:Humppa
1007:Stride
977:M-Base
692:gospel
607:, the
494:Poland
484:Malawi
454:France
444:Canada
439:Brazil
328:Humppa
246:M-Base
161:reggae
114:vocals
3885:Media
3844:Plugg
3817:Blues
3771:2010s
3766:2000s
3761:1990s
3756:1980s
3751:1970s
3746:1960s
3741:1950s
3736:1940s
3731:1930s
3726:1920s
3691:Blues
3561:Cuban
3481:Dutch
3409:Sitar
3375:Asian
3168:Verve
3032:1940s
3027:1930s
3022:1920s
2999:Swing
2959:Bebop
2848:Swing
2670:Bebop
1979:2000s
1929:1990s
1879:1980s
1829:1970s
1779:1960s
1729:1950s
1679:1940s
1629:1930s
1579:1920s
1472:March
1462:Blues
1301:blues
1121:Mambo
1111:Kwela
1012:Swing
921:Bebop
892:Banjo
886:Other
715:Latin
673:Bebop
654:swing
640:blues
564:is a
504:Spain
479:Japan
474:Italy
469:India
464:Haiti
368:Mambo
363:Kwela
266:Swing
196:Bebop
131:. In
99:piano
93:drums
49:Blues
4077:Jazz
3905:Jazz
3898:Bird
3786:2022
3781:2021
3776:2020
3511:Yass
3246:Pori
3148:Muse
2984:Scat
2585:Jazz
2546:Jazz
2010:Jazz
1971:1999
1967:1998
1963:1997
1959:1996
1955:1995
1951:1994
1947:1993
1943:1992
1939:1991
1935:1990
1921:1989
1917:1988
1913:1987
1909:1986
1905:1985
1901:1984
1897:1983
1893:1982
1889:1981
1885:1980
1871:1979
1867:1978
1863:1977
1859:1976
1855:1975
1851:1974
1847:1973
1843:1972
1839:1971
1835:1970
1821:1969
1817:1968
1813:1967
1809:1966
1805:1965
1801:1964
1797:1963
1793:1962
1789:1961
1785:1960
1771:1959
1767:1958
1763:1957
1759:1956
1755:1955
1751:1954
1747:1953
1743:1952
1739:1951
1735:1950
1721:1949
1717:1948
1713:1947
1709:1946
1705:1945
1701:1944
1697:1943
1693:1942
1689:1941
1685:1940
1671:1939
1667:1938
1663:1937
1659:1936
1655:1935
1651:1934
1647:1933
1643:1932
1639:1931
1635:1930
1621:1929
1617:1928
1613:1927
1609:1926
1605:1925
1601:1924
1597:1923
1593:1922
1589:1921
1585:1920
1571:1919
1567:1918
1563:1917
1559:1916
1555:1915
1535:Funk
1467:Folk
748:any
746:cite
717:and
700:mode
576:and
562:Jazz
551:Jazz
449:Cuba
151:Funk
54:folk
22:Jazz
3143:MPS
3118:JMT
3083:ECM
3078:CTI
3063:BYG
2508:at
1525:Ska
1362:ECM
759:by
169:ska
4073::
2331:^
1969:•
1965:•
1961:•
1957:•
1953:•
1949:•
1945:•
1941:•
1937:•
1919:•
1915:•
1911:•
1907:•
1903:•
1899:•
1895:•
1891:•
1887:•
1869:•
1865:•
1861:•
1857:•
1853:•
1849:•
1845:•
1841:•
1837:•
1819:•
1815:•
1811:•
1807:•
1803:•
1799:•
1795:•
1791:•
1787:•
1769:•
1765:•
1761:•
1757:•
1753:•
1749:•
1745:•
1741:•
1737:•
1719:•
1715:•
1711:•
1707:•
1703:•
1699:•
1695:•
1691:•
1687:•
1669:•
1665:•
1661:•
1657:•
1653:•
1649:•
1645:•
1641:•
1637:•
1619:•
1615:•
1611:•
1607:•
1603:•
1599:•
1595:•
1591:•
1587:•
1569:•
1565:•
1561:•
1557:•
1299:,
721:.
659:,
649:.
634:,
619:.
595:,
591:,
3980:e
3973:t
3966:v
2538:e
2531:t
2524:v
2012:"
2008:"
786:)
780:(
775:)
771:(
767:.
753:.
283:)
279:(
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