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physiognomy i.e. influences of habitat structure and complexity were insignificant. There were no statistical differences in bird species diversity between the forest edge and interior. However, there was significantly greater species turnover at the edge. The difference in bird
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between the forest edge and interior was due to various edge-effects: removal of dead wood for firewood, soil compaction by cattle, and generally greater levels of disturbance. We question the wisdom of the generally applied
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in 1992. Cattle grazing, crop cultivation and limited utilization of trees however occur in the protected area, and the edge of the forest is subjected to periodic burning which may reduce the forest area.
272:. It was suggested that the principle be applied only once there has been critical appraisal of the extent, nature, and effect of an edge and a clear conservation objective with regard to forest birds.
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KrĂĽger, C. Sonja; Lawes, Michael J. (January 1997). "Edge effects at an induced forest-grassland boundary: forest birds in the Ongoye Forest
Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal".
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and the deep interior (above 500 m from the margin) in the Dngoye Forest
Reserve were compared. Edge and interior sites were chosen that were
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77:, and adjoins smaller forest reserves on its periphery, namely Impeshulu in the west, Ezigwayini in the north, and Dengweni in the south.
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that rises from 200 to 460 metres above sea level. It is found some 10 km inland, or 16 km by road, from the coastal town of
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Bird species diversity and guild composition between the edge (5–10 m from the margin) of primary forest abutting
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Pooley, E. (1993). The
Complete Field Guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand and Transkei, -
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is the first known person to have afforded protection to oNgoye Forest in the 1800s.
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Tolley, K. and Burger, M. 2007. Chameleons of
Southern Africa. pp 73 & 85
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Pooley, T. and Player, I. (1995). KwaZulu-Natal
Wildlife Destinations.
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202:. At least 165 species of birds have been identified in the area.
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province. The forest of almost 4,000 ha covers an extensive
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372:"BIRP Species summary | Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon"
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194:This forest is an important breeding area for the
179:, two undescribed dwarf chameleons similar to the
237:. Besides the Pondo fig, another six species of
397:"BIRP Species summary | Spotted Ground-Thrush"
97:occurred in the forest between 1909 and 1924.
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58:, protected by the oNgoye Forest Reserve in
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341:. Johannesburg: BirdLife SA. p. 716.
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268:principle in the conservation of forest
505:Satellite photo of oNgoye and surrounds
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541:Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife Parks
500:Zululand Birding Route: Ongoye Forest
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934:Tourist attractions in KwaZulu-Natal
332:Harisson, J.A.; et al. (1997).
133:-coastal forest is home to rare and
720:Queen Elizabeth Park Nature Reserve
335:The atlas of southern African birds
129:This relict patch of transitional
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831:Maputaland Marine Protected Area
620:Kenneth Stainbank Nature Reserve
585:EMakhosini Ophathe Heritage Park
434:South African Journal of Zoology
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163:It is home to the endemic race
148:since the early 1900s, but the
125:, once endemic to oNgoye Forest
836:Lake Sibayi Freshwater Reserve
685:Umhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve
446:10.1080/02541858.1997.11448435
1:
700:Vernon Crookes Nature Reserve
600:Harold Johnson Nature Reserve
36:at oNgoye Forest, early 1900s
675:Spioenkop Dam Nature Reserve
100:The area became an official
929:Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife Parks
816:Eastern Shores State Forest
778:Mount Currie Nature Reserve
730:uKhahlamba–Drakensberg Park
705:Vryheid Hill Nature Reserve
198:and home to the endangered
196:Eastern bronze-naped pigeon
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919:Geography of KwaZulu-Natal
660:Oribi Gorge Nature Reserve
625:Krantzkloof Nature Reserve
841:Sodwana Bay National Park
793:iSimangaliso Wetland Park
783:Royal Natal National Park
773:Monks Cowl Nature Reserve
710:Wagendrift Nature Reserve
650:North Park Nature Reserve
630:Midmar Dam Nature Reserve
575:Chelmsford Nature Reserve
565:Blinkwater Nature Reserve
140:It was home to the giant
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758:Himeville Nature Reserve
695:Umtamvuna Nature Reserve
555:Amatigulu Nature Reserve
282:Forests of KwaZulu-Natal
924:Forests of South Africa
861:St Lucia Marine Reserve
821:Mapelane Nature Reserve
801:Cape Vidal State Forest
753:Highmoor Nature Reserve
690:Umlalazi Nature Reserve
665:Phongolo Nature Reserve
635:Mpenjati Nature Reserve
610:Impendle Nature Reserve
590:Enseleni Nature Reserve
308:. Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife
806:Coastal Forest Reserve
670:Skyline Nature Reserve
605:Hluhluwe–iMfolozi Park
421:Birds in Reserves, ADU
185:Forest green butterfly
181:Qudeni dwarf chameleon
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123:Durban Botanic Gardens
895:28.84667°S 31.73222°E
851:St Lucia Game Reserve
200:Spotted ground thrush
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866:uMkhuze Game Reserve
846:Sodwana State Forest
826:Nyalazi State Forest
570:Bluff Nature Reserve
117:An original stem of
56:coastal scarp forest
900:-28.84667; 31.73222
891: /
715:Weenen Game Reserve
680:Tembe Elephant Park
615:Ithala Game Reserve
560:Beachwood Mangroves
401:birp.birdmap.africa
376:birp.birdmap.africa
261:species composition
219:Giant pock ironwood
205:Rare trees include
171:, the endemic race
146:extinct in the wild
640:Ndumo Game Reserve
150:oNgoye dwarf cycad
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95:Commercial logging
81:History and status
32:Last two stems of
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215:Forest waterberry
211:Forest mangosteen
177:Woodward's barbet
169:Red bush squirrel
158:Natal grass cycad
102:conservation area
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254:with respect to
227:Natal krantz ash
223:Zulu bead-string
189:oNgoye centipede
54:, is an ancient
46:, also known as
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44:oNgoye Forest
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21:oNgoye Forest
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465:Bibliography
440:(3): 82–91.
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404:. Retrieved
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379:. Retrieved
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310:. Retrieved
270:biodiversity
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154:Ground cycad
142:Wood's cycad
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119:Wood's cycad
109:Significance
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60:South Africa
52:Ngoya Forest
51:
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43:
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34:Wood's cycad
15:
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266:edge-effect
252:homogeneous
183:, the rare
131:Afromontane
913:Categories
886:31°43′56″E
883:28°50′48″S
288:References
454:0254-1858
248:grassland
235:Pondo fig
231:Natal elm
173:woodwardi
144:which is
137:species.
306:"Ongoye"
304:JayWay.
276:See also
233:and the
187:and the
75:Mtunzini
406:22 June
381:22 June
256:habitat
243:occur.
167:of the
165:ornatus
135:endemic
121:at the
68:granite
485:
474:
452:
345:
312:15 May
91:Mpande
339:(PDF)
240:Ficus
89:king
71:ridge
48:Ngoye
483:ISBN
472:ISBN
450:ISSN
408:2020
383:2020
343:ISBN
314:2014
156:and
87:Zulu
85:The
442:doi
175:of
62:'s
50:or
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322:^
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
