OpenStreetMap - Knowledge (XXG)

2387: 2283: 1097: 823: 318: 1979: 6828:, p. 10, footnote ii: 'Accenture applied four methods to generate a valuation range for OSM. After evaluating the variability and uncertainty of many of the underlying assumptions in these approaches, the community replacement cost method was deemed the most reliable method for estimating the value of the OSM asset. Combining the total replacement cost of the OSM database, the value of the software development effort and industry standard maintenance costs yielded a total community replacement cost of $ 1,672,415,000.' 1297: 479: 7097: 38: 2590: 2126: 1948: 1430: 639: 7201: 881: 29: 1518: 1461: 2157: 1757: 5747:

Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020).

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the map data was removed from the public distribution. This included all data contributed by members that did not agree to the new licensing terms, as well as all subsequent edits to those affected objects. It also included any data contributed based on input data that was not compatible with the new terms.

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Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.;

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By August 2008, shortly after the second The State of the Map conference was held, there were over 50,000 registered contributors; by March 2009, there were 100,000 and by the end of 2009 the figure was nearly 200,000. In April 2012, OpenStreetMap cleared 600,000 registered contributors. On 6 January

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until 1 August 2020. The ODbL license requires attribution to be attached to maps produced from OpenStreetMap data, but does not require that any particular license be applied to those maps. "©OpenStreetMap Contributors" with link to ODbL copyright page as attribution requirement is used on the site.

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Strictly speaking, the OSM project produces only a geographic database, leaving data consumers to handle every aspect of postprocessing the data and presenting it to end users. However, a large ecosystem of command line tools, software libraries, and cloud services has developed around OSM, much of

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Once the data has been collected, it is entered into the database by uploading it onto the project's website together with appropriate attribute data. As collecting and uploading data may be separated from editing objects, contribution to the project is possible without using a GPS unit, such as by

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Attribution-ShareAlike licence (CC BY-SA) with the intention of promoting free use and redistribution of the data. In September 2012, the licence was changed to the ODbL in order to define its bearing on data rather than representation more specifically. As part of this relicensing process, some of

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The data structure is defined as part of the OSM API. The current version of the API, v0.6, was released in 2009. A 2023 study found that this version's changes to the relation data structure had the effect of reducing the total number of relations; however, it simultaneously lowered the barrier to

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submitted through editors and the OSM API immediately enter the database and are quickly published for reuse, without going through peer review beforehand. The API only validates changes for basic well-formedness, but not for topological or logical consistency or for adherence to community norms.

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became the first major organisation to use OpenStreetMap data on their main website. Ways to import and export data have continued to grow – by 2008, the project developed tools to export OpenStreetMap data to power portable GPS units, replacing their existing proprietary and out-of-date maps. In

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As per a study conducted in 2011, only 38% of members carried out at least one edit and only 5% of members created more than 1000 nodes. Most members are in Europe (72%). According to another study, when a competing maps platform is launched, OSM attracts fewer new contributors and pre-existing

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Estimates suggested that over 97% of data would be retained globally, but certain regions would be affected more than others, such as in Australia where 24 to 84% of objects would be retained, depending on the type of object. Ultimately, more than 99% of the data was retained, with Australia and

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Each feature comes with structured metadata indicating facts such as names, physical characteristics, contact information, and access restrictions. Standards exist for mapping three-dimensional architectural elements and indoor details within buildings, as well as lane-level navigation details.

1348:(AND) provided a complete road data set for Netherlands and trunk roads data for China and India. In June 2018, the Microsoft Bing team announced contribution of 125 million U.S. building footprints to the project – four times the number contributed by users and government data imports. 1359:

According to a study, nearly 17% of all edits to the map came from corporate teams during 2019–2020. The top 13 corporate contributors during 2014–2020 include Apple, Kaart, Amazon, Facebook, Mapbox, Digital Egypt, Grab, Microsoft, Telenav, Developmentseed, Uber, Lightcyphers and Lyft.

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The availability of aerial photography and other data from commercial and government sources has added important sources of data for manual editing and automated imports. Special processes are in place to handle automated imports and avoid legal and technical problems.

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style alongside a selection of specialised styles for cycling and public transport. Beyond this reference implementation, community-maintained map applications focus on alternative cartographic representations and specialised use cases. For example,

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of each of its members. Relations form complex geometries or represent abstract relationships among members. Examples include turn restrictions on roads, routes that span several existing ways (for instance, a long-distance motorway), and areas with

548:, depending on its metadata and whether it forms a closed ring. A way can represent either a linear feature, such as a street or river, or an area, such as a forest, park, parking lot, or lake. Until 2007, a way was formally composed of explicit 1087:

expires after 50 years and hence old Ordnance Survey maps can legally be used. A complete set of UK 1 inch/mile maps from the late 1940s and early 1950s has been collected, scanned, and is available online as a resource for contributors.

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established a model for non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to collaborate with international organisations. OpenStreetMap and Crisis Commons volunteers used available satellite imagery to map the roads, buildings and refugee camps of

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Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT) is a nonprofit organisation promoting community mapping across the world. It developed the open source HOT Tasking Manager for collaboration, and contributed to mapping efforts after the

6311: 1417:(SotM) where all stake holders gather to share progress and discuss issues. There are also various national, regional and continental SotM conferences, such as SotM U.S., SotM Baltics, SotM Asia & SotM Africa. 466:. Although historically significant features and ongoing construction projects are routinely included in the database, the project's scope is generally limited to the present day, as opposed to the past or future. 834:

Map data is collected by ground survey, personal knowledge, digitizing from imagery, and government data. Ground survey data is collected by volunteers traditionally using tools such as a handheld GPS unit, a

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have been known to vandalize OSM, one of the game's map data sources, to manipulate gameplay. However, this vandalism is casual, rarely sustained, and it is predictable based on the mechanics of the game.

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Some companies freely license satellite/aerial/street imagery sources from which OpenStreetMap contributors trace roads and features, while other companies make data available for importing map data.

7811: 5845: 2414: 1040: 383: 291: 713:(ODbL). This can include out-of-copyright information, public domain or other licences. Software used in the production and presentation of OpenStreetMap data may have separate licensing terms. 6560: 5677:

Ibisch, Pierre L.; Hoffmann, Monika T.; Kreft, Stefan; Pe'Er, Guy; Kati, Vassiliki; Biber-Freudenberger, Lisa; Dellasala, Dominick A.; Vale, Mariana M.; Hobson, Peter R.; Selva, Nuria (2016).

2341:(March 2014), the OpenStreetMap community in association with the NGO Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT) has shown it can play a significant role in supporting humanitarian organisations. 6344: 6278: 5279: 725:

Poland being the countries most severely affected by the change. The license change and resulting deletions prompted a group of dissenting mappers to establish Free Open Street Map (FOSM), a

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Studio allow designers to author vector styles in an interactive, visual environment. Vector maps are especially common among three-dimensional mapping applications and mobile applications.

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The map data can be edited from a number of editing applications that provide aids including satellite and aerial imagery, street-level imagery, GPS traces, and photo and voice annotations.

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to the project. By July 2007, when the first "The State of the Map" (SotM) conference was held, there were 9,000 registered users. In October 2007, OpenStreetMap completed the import of a

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founded the project in 2004 while at a university in Britain, initially focusing on mapping the United Kingdom. In the UK and elsewhere, government-run and tax-funded projects like the

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contributors increase their level of contribution possibly driven by their ideological attachment to the platform. Overall, there is a negative effect on the quantum of contributions.

757:. Alternative third-party distributions provide access to OSM data in other formats or to more manageable subsets of the data. Geofabrik publishes extracts of the database in OSM and 2406:

combine OSM's coverage of roads and structures with other sources of natural environment data, acting as sophisticated 3D map renderers, in order to add realism to the ground below.

5581:. SIGSPATIAL '17: Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York City: Association for Computing Machinery. 1312:

The project has a geographically diverse user-base, due to emphasis of local knowledge and "on-the-ground" situation in the process of data collection. Many early contributors were

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in just two days, building "the most complete digital map of Haiti's roads". The resulting data and maps have been used by several organisations providing relief aid, such as the

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OpenStreetMap Philippines GPS map, an end-product of over a thousand crisis mappers that contributed almost 5 million map updates during the 2013 Haiyan humanitarian activation

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in many fields, including transportation, analysis, public services, and humanitarian aid. However, much of its use by consumers is indirect via third-party products, because

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OpenStreetMap data has been favourably compared with proprietary datasources, although as of 2009 data quality varied across the world. A study in 2011 compared OSM data with

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uses OSM data to simulate realistic surroundings for autonomous vehicles. Interactive OSM-based maps appear in many mobile navigation applications, fitness applications, and

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authentication enable third-party applications to programmatically interact with the site's major functionality, including submitting changes. Much of the website runs as a

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is based on a comprehensive map of remaining roadless areas derived from OSM's road network. OpenSentinelMap is a global land use dataset based on OSM's land use areas and

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Coleman, D. (2013). "Potential Contributions and Challenges of VGI for Conventional Topographic Base-Mapping Programs". In Sui, D.; Elwood, S; Goodchild, M. (eds.).

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use OSM data both proactively and reactively. OSM's road and building coverage allow them to discover patterns of disease outbreaks and target interventions such as

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In 2021, Balad, an Iranian developer of OSM-based mobile navigation applications, apologized after the OSM community caught an employee vandalising streets in Iran.

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Some committed contributors adopt the task of mapping whole towns and cities, or organising mapping parties to gather the support of others to complete a map area.

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Olbricht, Roland (2015). "Chapter: Data Retrieval for Small Spatial Regions in OpenStreetMap". In Jokar Arsanjani, J.; Zipf, A.; Mooney, P.; Helbich, M. (eds.).

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contributes its drivers' GPS traces to OSM. As of February 2021, Apple was the most prolific corporate editor, responsible for 80% of edits to existing roads.

1185:, including copyright infringement, graffiti, and spam. Overall, vandalism accounts for an estimated 0.2% of edits to OSM, which is relatively low compared to 3126: 1681:). Several geocoders are designed to index OSM data, including Nominatim (from the Latin, 'by name'), which is built into the official OSM website along with 4633: 4103: 2423: 1251: 282:, the United Kingdom's national mapping agency, failing to release its data to the public under free licences in 2004. Initially, maps were created only via 2383:, because too many players attempted to use the Google Maps–based game, then relaunched it after switching to OSM, which could handle thousands of players. 7797: 7574: 7475: 4903: 2636:

of the OSM database, the value of OSM software development effort, and maintenance overhead at $ 1.67 billion, roughly equivalent to the value of the

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maps in these games initially became more detailed for some players but completely blank for others, due to OSM's uneven geographic coverage at the time.

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in OpenStreetMap wiki, however, there is no requirement to follow this process. There are over 89 million different kinds of tags in use as of June 2017.

701:, finding that OSM matched the Soviet maps in coverage of some features such as road infrastructure but gave less prominence to the natural environment. 3060: 7599: 6552: 5873: 5636: 6274: 6226: 5107: 3721: 2043:

because the raw road network data is freely available or because of aspects of coverage that are uncommon in proprietary alternatives. A team at the

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on the main website, as well as by searching for issues using tools like OSMCha, OSM Inspector, and Osmose. In addition to community vigilance, the

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Bogucka, Edyta Paulina; Constantinides, Marios; Aiello, Luca Maria; Quercia, Daniele; So, Wonyoung; Bancilhon, Melanie (November–December 2020).

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according to a schema, such as Mapbox Streets, OpenMapTiles, or Shortbread. These tiles are rendered on the client side by a library such as the

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2013, OpenStreetMap reached one million registered users. Around 30% of users have contributed at least one point to the OpenStreetMap database.

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A variety of applications and services allow users to visualise OSM data in the form of a map. The official OSM website features an interactive

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but declined to freely and widely distribute them. The first contribution was a street that Coast entered in December 2004 after cycling around

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competition events are also held by local OpenStreetMap teams and by non-profit organisations and local governments to map a particular area.

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After Haiti, the OpenStreetMap community continued mapping to support humanitarian organisations for various crises and disasters. After the

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by a group of mappers. They took notes and photos, and recorded GPS tracks. Shown in the photo is the Betis group standing beside one of the

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StreetComplete asking user a question. User filled in the answer. After tapping "OK" this answer will be added to an OpenStreetMap database.

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for Germany. For car navigation TomTom has 9% more information, while for the entire street network, OSM has 27% more information. In 2011,

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led several prominent websites to switch from their service to OpenStreetMap and other competitors. Chief among these were Foursquare and

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and route planners facilitate the community's management of the database contents. Logged-in users can access an embedded copy of the

678: 252: 6617: 3558: 930:, corporations (e.g. Amazon) with large vehicle fleets may use telemetry data from the vehicles to contribute data to OpenStreetMap. 854:(mobile devices) have made it easy for anybody to survey. The data is then entered into the OpenStreetMap database using a number of 5545: 4354: 2068: 2052: 1601: 6018: 1208:

were found to be sabotaging OSM's navigation data in major cities around the world. Google responded by dismissing the contractors.

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detections. For complex or large-scale changes, experienced users often turn to more powerful desktop editing applications such as

5749:"Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material" 5412: 4932:"OpenStreetMap Charts a Controversial New Direction: Inside the 'Knowledge (XXG) of Maps,' Tensions Grow Over Corporate Influence" 2916: 2223:'s GPS products incorporate OSM data. OSM is a popular source for road data among Iranian navigation applications, such as Balad. 1031:

Some government agencies have released official data on appropriate licences. This includes the United States, where works of the

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processes and added some external datasets to OSM data to make it more production-ready. OSM data also forms a major part of the

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Some public transportation providers rely on OpenStreetMap data in their route planning services and for other analysis needs.

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Leaderboards allow players to compete within their geographic regions. The maps are tailored to the look and feel of the game.

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maps can be good sources of information about features that do not change frequently. Copyright periods vary, but in the UK

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Sarkar, Dipto; Anderson, Jennings T. (June 2022). "Corporate editors in OpenStreetMap: Investigating co-editing patterns".

1393:, the volunteers mapped 100,000 buildings and hundreds of miles of roads in Guinea in just five days. Local groups such as 391:

March 2008, two founders of CloudMade, a commercial company that uses OpenStreetMap data, announced that they had received

7753: 7609: 7594: 7498: 7480: 7413: 5820:. 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW). New Orleans. pp. 1332–1340. 2573: 2029: 1797:

of OpenStreetMap, crowdsourced water depth tracks, and third-party weather and bathymetric data. OpenTopoMap uses OSM and

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displays these tiles on the client side on the slippy map. Alternatively, a server application converts raw OSM data into

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The official OSM website at openstreetmap.org is the project's main hub for contributors. A reference implementation of a

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uses OpenStreetMap for navigation and has a team which revises the map based on GPS traces and feedback from its drivers.

1325: 4249: 2980: 7604: 7503: 6924:[The shared map OpenStreetMap is overrun with changed place names, climbers worry about increase in accidents]. 5159: 4814: 2852: 1161:

Between 2018 and 2023, the top five editing tools for contributions were JOSM, iD, StreetComplete, Rapid, and Potlatch.

1052: 498: 6839: 2823: 2445:(2021), the player develops a railway network that coexists with real-world roads and bodies of water. In Jutsu Games' 2113:

to explore the demographics of people honoured by street names and raise awareness of gender bias in naming decisions.

1077:. Due to it being oversimplified and crude, it has been mainly replaced by other government sources or manual tracing. 822: 7490: 7344: 7120: 4603: 3149: 2060: 2056: 1717: 1698: 1370: 1116: 985:

made their high-resolution PhotoMaps (of major Australian cities, plus some rural Australian areas) available under a

885: 726: 589: 380: 188: 7071: 4541:"Microsoft Flight Simulator's mysterious Melbourne 212-storey skyscraper: is it a tower, is it a pole, is it a typo?" 3428:"How good is volunteered geographical information? A comparative study of OpenStreetMap and Ordnance Survey datasets" 3003: 1561: 5500:. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer International Publishing Switzerland. pp. 101–122. 5385: 3667: 3401: 3306: 2751: 689:, yields better results than analogous GIS datasets managed by local government agencies. A 2021 study compared the 7856: 6741: 6477: 3395:"Comparing Shortest Paths Lengths of Free and Proprietary Data for Effective Pedestrian Routing in Street Networks" 3122: 2439:

use a subset of OSM data as a base layer to take advantage of the player's familiarity with their surroundings. In

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Project, founded by the American Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders, and other NGOs, uses HOT Tasking Manager. The

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toward remote villages. After a disaster occurs, they produce large-format printed maps and downloadable maps for

1528: 7470: 6951:"Understanding Threats to Crowdsourced Geographic Data Quality Through a Study of OpenStreetMap Contributor Bans" 4726: 2527: 2102: 2064: 1374: 1067: 5650:

Marshall, Joey; Cheung, Abraham; DeSalvo, Bethany; Sawyer, Chase; King, Heather; Notter, Isabelle (8 May 2024).

4895: 4838:"Analyzing the Contributor Activity of a Volunteered Geographic Information Project — The Case of OpenStreetMap" 1186: 7947: 7455: 7394: 7180: 4784: 4677: 4389: 4042: 2695:. The OSM community sees these projects as complements for aspects of geography that are out of scope for OSM. 2661: 2541: 2512: 2379: 2353:

that require broad coverage of local details such as streets and buildings. One of the earliest such games was

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Geospatial Information System Use in Public Organizations: How and Why GIS Should be Used in the Public Sector

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hosts the Disastermappers Project for training university students in mapping for humanitarian purposes. When

1296: 4879:"How Competition Affects Contributions to Open Source Platforms: Evidence from OpenStreetMap and Google Maps" 3061:"Open-source mapping company CloudMade raises €2.4 million in Series A financing round from Sunstone Capital" 2716: 2295: 2253: 1378: 1220: 244: 5651: 2878: 2451:(2024), the player builds fortifications amid a post-apocalyptic world based on OSM streets and buildings. 1994:

searches the OSM database for features whose metadata or topology match criteria specified in a structured

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Several mobile applications also edit OSM. Go Map!! and Vespucci are the primary full-featured editors for

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The OpenStreetMap data primitives are stored and processed in different formats. OpenStreetMap server uses

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without the formal concept of a layer, allowing thematically diverse data to commingle and interconnect. A

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Will, Simon (9–11 July 2021). Minghini, M.; Ludwing, C.; Anderson, J.; Mooney, P.; Grinberger, A. (eds.).

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OSM and projects based on it have been recognized for their contributions to design and the public good:

8013: 7828: 5753: 5253: 2949: 2704: 2668: 2641: 2359: 2306: 1885: 1223: 1096: 710: 526: 491: 478: 236: 178: 6921: 1720:, and Valhalla since February 2015. Other widely deployed routing engines include Openrouteservice and 1484:

editor and shortcuts for desktop editors for contributing to the database, as well as some rudimentary

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Perez, Miguel A.; Terranova, Paolo; Metrey, Mariette; Bragg, Haden; Britten, Nicholas (January 2024).

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In 2023, the Digital Public Goods Alliance, a United Nations–endorsed initiative, recognized OSM as a

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Crowdsourcing Geographic Knowledge: Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) in Theory and Practice

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systems such as NLMaps Web and OSCAR answer natural language queries based on OSM data. OSMnx is a

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Mahabir, Ron; Schuchard, Ross; Crooks, Andrew; Croitoru, Arie; Stefanidis, Anthony (26 May 2020).

2624:, OSM is one of the most successful collaboratively maintained open datasets in existence. A 2020 37: 7263: 7005: 6221: 5925: 5716: 4398: 4305: 3961: 3458: 3427: 2436: 2091: 1741: 1694: 1647: 981:, satellite imagery to be used as a backdrop for map production. For a period from 2009 to 2011, 978: 974: 944: 927: 220: 212: 87: 6678: 6256: 5239: 5181: 3328: 298:'s introduction of pricing in 2012 and the development of supporting software and applications. 5991: 5306: 4328: 2161: 1197:'s Data Working Group and a group of administrators are responsible for responding to vandals. 8000: 7899: 7874: 7763: 7550: 7513: 7508: 7389: 7273: 7049: 7028: 6995: 6962: 5796: 5778: 5708: 5683: 5501: 3857: 3837: 3504: 2672: 2633: 2480: 2299: 2075: 1810: 1745: 1678: 1659: 1485: 1119:

of this editor, Rapid, that provides access to external datasets, including some derived from

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The OSM project aims to collect data about stationary objects throughout the world, including

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coordinate system. A standalone node represents a point of interest, such as a mountain peak.

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Since 2007, the OpenStreetMap community has held an annual, international conference called

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A large number of less-active users contributes corrections and small additions to the map.

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All data added to the project needs to have a licence compatible with the Open Data Commons

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and by tracing imagery as permitted by source. OpenStreetMap's adoption was accelerated by

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OpenSentinelMap: A Large-Scale Land Use Dataset using OpenStreetMap and Sentinel-2 Imagery

4706: 2680: 2645: 2625: 2475: 2257: 2181: 2098: 1802: 1737: 1733: 1635: 1084: 1056: 782: 408: 392: 329: 279: 260: 137: 4604:"آیا مسیریاب بلد به‌طور عامدانه و سیستماتیک در نقشه‌های OSM خرابکاری می‌کند؟ (بروزرسانی)" 2427:(2020) introduced software-generated building models based in part on OSM data. In 2020, 997:

Data from several street-level image platforms are available as map data photo overlays.

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and committed $ 1 million to increasing OSM's coverage of local communities for its

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Navigating OpenStreetMap: how to make the most of an increasingly valuable mapping asset

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awarded the OSM-based OpenMapTiles project its Prix Carto award for digital cartography.

7869: 7768: 7722: 7384: 7283: 6991: 6155:"How OpenStreetMap Used Humans and Machines to Map Affected Areas After Typhoon Haiyan" 5791: 5748: 3526:"The Street Network Evolution of Crowdsourced Maps: OpenStreetMap in Germany 2007–2011" 3203:

Zhou, Xiaoguang; Zeng, Lu; Jiang, Yu; Zhou, Kaixuan; Zhao, Yijiang (8 September 2015).

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OSM data appears in the driver or rider application or powers backend operations for

1769: 1690: 1627: 1497: 1481: 1469: 1398: 1283: 1212: 1200:

There have been several high-profile incidents of vandalism and other errors in OSM:

1178: 1108: 1036: 1005: 770: 746: 287: 268: 97: 7096: 6366: 5720: 5572:

Bahrdt, Daniel; Funke, Stefan; Gelhausen, Rick; Storandt, Sabine (7 November 2017).

4121: 880: 7952: 7922: 7687: 7359: 7349: 7242: 7185: 7175: 6868: 6306: 5889:"How we used OpenStreetMap and Wikidata to map street names across Europe – Part 2" 5874:"How we used OpenStreetMap and Wikidata to map street names across Europe – Part 1" 5417: 4516: 4420: 4192: 4104:"Maxar imagery not working (was "Maxar is blurred in ID" and other similar topics)" 2828: 2728: 2710: 2637: 2208: 2188: 2173: 2048: 1991: 1836: 1651: 1394: 1382: 1216: 1151: 1020: 694: 550: 232: 7200: 5825: 4437:

Juhász, Levente; Novack, Tessio; Hochmair, Hartwig H.; Qiao, Sen (26 March 2020).

3818:

An Efficient RDF Converter and SPARQL Endpoint for the Complete OpenStreetMap Data

3613: 3584: 3462: 3369: 3283: 3258: 3179: 1861: 1785:

is a detailed online map of the world's railway infrastructure based on OSM data.

1712:

libraries and services are based on OSM data. OSM's official website has featured

1227: 626:

creating new relations and spurred the application of relations to new use cases.

28: 4573:"An innocent typo led to a giant 212-story obelisk in Microsoft Flight Simulator" 4074:"Yahoo! Maps APIs Service Closure Announcement – New Maps Offerings Coming Soon!" 3495:. New York, London: Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. pp. 245–264. 8023: 7975: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7692: 7529: 7309: 5129: 4638: 4153:"Crowdsourcing Street View Imagery: A Comparison of Mapillary and OpenStreetCam" 3812: 2904: 2874: 2441: 2364: 2017: 1920: 1853: 1845: 1713: 1517: 1274: 786: 749:

of the entire "planet" for reuse on minutely and weekly intervals, formatted as

686: 423: 415: 325: 295: 275: 264: 80: 5911: 5815: 5774: 4355:"Exploring OSM editor statistics by combining data from OSHDB and changeset DB" 1844:

Many commercial and noncommercial websites feature maps powered by OSM data in

1328:

professionals. Contributors are predominately men, with only 3–5% being women.

8033: 8028: 7909: 7851: 7758: 7717: 7677: 7672: 7304: 7288: 7278: 6371: 6302:"How Online Mapmakers Are Helping the Red Cross Save Lives in the Philippines" 5858: 4806: 4698:"Gender and Experience-Related Motivators for Contributing to OpenStreetMap". 3500: 2972: 2561:(2010) became the first live website to enter the permanent collection of the 2429: 2395: 2315: 2291: 2249: 2216: 2156: 2083: 2003: 1912: 1873: 1865: 1806: 1786: 1643: 1501: 998: 904: 892: 851: 608: 575: 459: 455: 419: 368: 353: 352:

was established to encourage the growth, development and distribution of free

192: 6781: 5939: 5782: 5155: 3257:

Mocnik, Franz-Benjamin; Zipf, Alexander; Raifer, Martin (18 September 2017).

2860: 1673:

A geocoder indexes map data so that users can search it by name and address (

8018: 8008: 7970: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7894: 7846: 7773: 7697: 7682: 7630: 7324: 7314: 7237: 7232: 7150: 7063:

Murdoch, Robin; Kelly, Christian; Quinlan, Matthew; Harpster, Jubal (2020).

6958: 6844: 6335:"'Monopoly City Streets' Online Game: Will Buying Park Place Be Any Easier?" 5704: 5635:(Report). Blacksburg, Virginia: Safety through Disruption (Safe-D) National 5586: 4577: 3911: 3833: 2629: 2492: 2390: 2273: 2200: 2192: 2169: 2106: 1869: 1773: 1674: 1473: 1460: 1270: 1256: 1190: 1182: 1170: 1059: 1012: 1008: 766: 758: 216: 43: 7009: 6985: 6872: 6553:"Infection Free Zone Review – Finally, An Interesting Strategy Zombie Game" 5800: 5712: 5652:"The Socioeconomic Profile of Commuters Likely Affected by Bridge Collapse" 4634:"'Taj Mahal' marked wrong as 'Shiva Kshetra' on Open Street Map; corrected" 2457:

rely on OSM data to determine where rewards and other elements of the game

1107:

By default, the official OSM website directs contributors to the Web-based

1073:

Globally, OpenStreetMap initially used the prototype global shoreline from

6764:"Watercolor Maptiles Website Enters Permanent Collection of Cooper Hewitt" 6641:"'Pokémon Go' Map Updated To OSM From Google Maps: What Is OpenStreetMap?" 5955:"Komoot Launches Its Hiking And Cycling Guide App Across European Regions" 3298: 1756: 7990: 7985: 7965: 7836: 7702: 7568: 7537: 7165: 6046:"In Open Navigation Tie-Up, Telenav Acquires Skobbler for $ 23.8 Million" 5558: 3815:; Brosi, Patrick; Kalmbach, Johannes; Lehmann, Axel (2–5 November 2021). 3659: 3378: 3098: 2653: 2433:

officially integrated OSM buildings and roads into the official scenery.

2277: 2110: 1893: 1877: 1682: 1477: 1353: 1243: 1239: 1044: 986: 865: 836: 806: 716:

OpenStreetMap data and derived tiles were originally published under the

611: 541: 495: 482:

Illustration of OpenStreetMap data primitives (nodes, ways and relations)

451: 404: 333: 4862: 4837: 4465: 4438: 4177: 4152: 3887:"Google Maps and OpenStreetMap: The coexistence of two unequal siblings" 3223: 3204: 1872:

extension and the OSM-based Wikimedia Maps service. The locator maps on

7889: 7707: 7465: 7405: 7329: 5523:"Finding Geolocation Leads with Bellingcat's OpenStreetMap Search Tool" 4718: 4125: 3957: 2408: 2228: 2204: 2006:

develops an alternative Overpass frontend for geolocating photographs.

1901: 1542: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1317: 1313: 1147: 1016: 982: 896: 561:

is an ordered list of nodes, ways and other relations (together called

545: 228: 6899: 6584:"Minecraft Earth is coming – it will change the way you see your town" 6019:"Smarter Fleet Management with Geotab's Posted Road Speed Information" 3542: 3525: 7450: 7354: 7339: 7319: 7268: 7170: 7160: 6188: 5413:"Apple begins using OpenStreetMap data, to OSM Foundation's surprise" 2657: 2649: 2374: 2354: 2323: 2224: 2220: 2212: 2196: 2067:

data to develop a socioeconomic profile of commuters affected by the

2021: 2013: 2009: 1932: 1924: 1916: 1905: 1897: 1889: 1881: 1817:

allow users to produce their own custom maps based on the same data.

1686: 1667: 1663: 1655: 1631: 1301: 1277:' for 13 days until contributors from Kerala discovered and fixed it. 1235: 1231: 1205: 1155: 1132: 966: 956: 802: 774: 674: 670: 530: 427: 341: 4780: 4673: 732:

Map tiles provided by the OpenStreetMap project were licensed under

681:, found that OSM's street data, consumed through the routing engine 5930: 5814:

Johnson, Noah; Treible, Wayne; Crispell, Daniel (19–20 June 2022).

5074:"Out in the Open: How to Get Google Maps Directions Without Google" 3765:"New licence for the "standard style" tiles from openstreetmap.org" 3454: 1488:

features such as user profiles and diaries. The website's built-in

7980: 7960: 7651: 7334: 5841:"Gendered cities: Studying urban gender bias through street names" 5839:

Gutiérrez-Mora, Dolores; Oto-Peralías, Daniel (10 February 2022).

4403: 2418: 2385: 2281: 2155: 1977: 1755: 1493: 1321: 1295: 1095: 1023:

data layer, a product of user-submitted images is also available.

879: 821: 477: 316: 7090: 5639:, Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. p. 9. VTTI-00-024. 5633:

Characterizing Level 2 Automation in a Naturalistic Driving Fleet

4385:"Defacing the Map: Cartographic Vandalism in the Digital Commons" 4250:"Can new OpenStreetMap editor use the crowd to beat Google Maps?" 2377:

map in its leaderboards. In 2013, Ballardia shut down testing of

109: 8038: 7884: 7227: 7105: 6926: 6744:(Press release). Boston: Free Software Foundation. 23 March 2019 1983: 1814: 1761: 1489: 1255:

players discovered an impossibly thin, 212-storey building in a

1219:

names. Although the vandalism was quickly expunged, third-party

1124: 952: 908: 859: 827: 16:

Collaborative project to create a free editable map of the world

7793: 7409: 7109: 7042:

Ramm, Frederik; Topf, Jochen; Chilton, Steve (September 2010).

6677:. Berlin: Free Software Foundation Europe. 2014. Archived from 356:

data and provide geospatial data for anybody to use and share.

5679:"A global map of roadless areas and their conservation status" 5333:"Snapchat's new Snap Map shows users their friends' locations" 2584: 2120: 1942: 1511: 1424: 1139: 915:

or on a smart phone with mapping app; a common file format is

900: 750: 633: 400: 240: 7043: 6250:"Haiti Earthquakes: Infrastructure Port-au-Prince 15/01/2010" 6248:

European Commission Joint Research Centre (15 January 2010).

3585:"Soviet City Plans and OpenStreetMap: a comparative analysis" 3205:"Dynamically Integrating OSM Data into a Borderland Database" 3150:"Apple using TomTom and OpenStreetMap data in iOS 6 Maps app" 2941: 1813:

provide their own interactive styles, and GIS suites such as

761:

formats for individual countries and political subdivisions.

7045:

OpenStreetMap: Using and Enhancing the Free Map of the World

5846:

Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

5024: 4481:"Google Blames Rogue Contractors For OpenStreetMap Sabotage" 1868:

articles for cities and points of interest are powered by a

1158:

include basic functionality for editing points of interest.

6825: 6417:"World of the Living Dead Resurrection Expands Closed Beta" 5978: 1772:

interface so that users can efficiently edit maps and view

618:

for each data primitive, with individual objects stored as

4218: 3400:. University of Florida, Geomatics Program. Archived from 3184:. State of the Map 2024. Nairobi: OpenStreetMap Foundation 3173: 3171: 2176:

is a portal for discovering wheelchair-accessible places,

2164:

bus in Denmark tracks the operator's route using OSM data.

1764:, central London, shown in the "Carto" OpenStreetMap layer 1697:

functionality based on a Nominatim database. Element 84's

1677:) or look up an address based on a given coordinate pair ( 6742:"OpenStreetMap and Deborah Nicholson win 2018 FSF Awards" 5575:

Searching OSM Planet with Context-Aware Spatial Relations

5547:

NLMaps web: A natural language interface to OpenStreetMap

4781:"The OpenStreetMap Contributors Map aka Who's around me?" 3983:"DigitalGlobe satellite imagery launch for OpenStreetMap" 2671:

projects are modeled after OSM and rely on OSM software.

963:

imagery which are used as a backdrop for map production.

6699:(in Japanese). Japan Institute of Design Promotion. 2014 5002: 3524:

Neis, Pascal; Zielstra, Dennis; Zipf, Alexander (2011).

2421:

with OSM for roads, railways, and some bodies of water.

588:, that identify and describe the feature. A recommended 211:

updated and maintained by a community of volunteers via

6720:"Swiss Society of Cartography and the Prix Carto award" 4276:"Collaborating to improve OpenStreetMap infrastructure" 3690: 3094:"AOL's MapQuest Embraces OpenStreetMap Data for the UK" 2601: 2137: 1959: 1441: 793:

published the Daylight Map Distribution, which applied

650: 54:

96 languages and variants, local languages for map data

4959: 4957: 4301: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3234: 2231:

also use OSM data in their in-car navigation systems.

1626:

have emerged for rendering OSM data as an interactive

1472:(featuring a selection of third-party tile layers), a 6275:"Social media helps aid efforts after typhoon Haiyan" 6098:"Tesla Owners Can Edit Maps to Improve Summon Routes" 4977:"Interactive Maps Can Now Get the 'Matrix' Treatment" 2805: 2803: 2318:, the European Commission Joint Research Centre, the 1181:

project, OSM is susceptible to several forms of data

6163:(1 ed.). Maastricht: European Journalism Centre 6124:"OpenStreetMap Activities for Typhoon Haiyan (2013)" 5209:"Craigslist quietly switching to OpenStreetMap data" 3791:"OpenStreetMap Public Data Set Now Available on AWS" 2733:

Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback

490:

differs markedly from that of a conventional GIS or

7999: 7946: 7908: 7827: 7746: 7665: 7639: 7623: 7549: 7522: 7489: 7443: 7372: 7297: 7256: 7215: 7208: 7143: 6671:"OpenStreetMap receives Document Freedom Day Award" 5104:"Routing on OpenStreetMap.org | OpenStreetMap Blog" 4700:

https://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/PubDat_218905.pdf

2853:"OSM: The simple map that became a global movement" 2824:"OpenStreetMap: 'It's the Knowledge (XXG) of maps'" 2707: – Aggregation of web mapping and user content 2461:in the player's presence, such as the 'portals' in 2320:

Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

1169:OSM accepts contributions from the general public. 184: 172: 164: 146: 136: 132:

Required for contributors, not required for viewing

128: 120: 104: 86: 76: 66: 58: 50: 4807:"OSMstats - Statistics of the free wiki world map" 4663:, wiki.openstreetmap.org, retrieved 1 August 2021. 4359:Heidelberg Institute for Geoinformation Technology 3880: 3878: 2973:"OpenStreetMap project imports US government maps" 2547:Free Software Award for Projects of Social Benefit 2215:also provide offline route planning capabilities. 1039:. In the United States, most roads originate from 600:. New tagging schemes can always be proposed by a 321:The founder of OpenStreetMap, Steve Coast, in 2009 6784:. Digital Public Goods Alliance. 27 November 2023 4925: 4923: 4921: 3178:Topf, Jochen; Ramm, Frederik (6 September 2024). 2664:incorporates OSM data in some of its GIS layers. 2483:migrated its augmented reality titles, including 2260:relied on OSM's coverage of parking lot details. 1724:, which specializes in public transport routing. 1666:'s Tangrams, or OpenLayers. Applications such as 1630:. In one, a server-side rendering engine such as 1051:, and some areas contain water features from the 729:of OSM that remained under the previous license. 239:and as a result commonly used to make electronic 6879:Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences 5471:"Feedback for Strava's new maps (OpenStreetMap)" 3259:"The OpenStreetMap folksonomy and its evolution" 2909:"AND donate entire Netherlands to OpenStreetMap" 2752:"openstreetmap-website/config/locales at master" 2640:in 2008. Several startups have turned OSM-based 2024:queries to return facts about the OSM database. 1638:tiles, then serves them using a library such as 6867:Quinn, Sterling; Baxter, Ryan; O'Brien, James. 6803:Dodds, Leigh; Yates, Deborah (14 August 2018). 5658:. Washington, D.C.: United States Census Bureau 4566: 4564: 4562: 4329:"Esri Releases ArcGIS Editor for OpenStreetMap" 3977: 3975: 3435:Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 2683:over time, from prehistory to the present day. 2363:(2009), which offered a choice between OSM and 363:(AND) donated a complete road data set for the 255:. OpenStreetMap uses its own topology to store 4842:ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 4444:ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 4157:ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 3630:"The licence: where we are, where we're going" 3564:(Report). Portland, Oregon: TriMet. p. 36 3210:ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 3066:(Press release). 17 March 2008. Archived from 2032:package for analysing and visualising the OSM 540:is an ordered list of nodes that represents a 7805: 7421: 7121: 6401:. Washington, D.C.: Mapbox. 20 October 2013. 4877:Nagaraj, Abhishek; Piezunka, Henning (2020). 3354:Arnold, Laurin; Hukal, Philipp (6 May 2024). 1316:who survey with and for bicyclists, charting 227:, and also import from other freely licensed 8: 6484:. Columbia, South Carolina: Laminar Research 6478:"OSM: What Data Will the Global Scenery Use" 4378: 4376: 3123:"Websites Bypassing Google Maps Due to Fees" 3004:"Oxford University using OpenStreetMap data" 2337:in the Philippines (November 2013), and the 1896:are also powered by OSM. From 2013 to 2022, 286:, but it was quickly populated by importing 21: 7070:(Report). Dublin: Accenture. Archived from 6531:"NIMBY Rails — A development retrospective" 3793:. Seattle: Amazon Web Services. 5 June 2017 3691:"OSM V1 Objects ODbL acceptance statistics" 1982:Raw OpenStreetMap data of India loading in 1015:platforms provide generally smartphone and 926:Similar to users contributing data using a 7812: 7798: 7790: 7428: 7414: 7406: 7212: 7128: 7114: 7106: 7095: 5891:. Trento: European Data Journalism Network 5876:. Trento: European Data Journalism Network 5656:America Counts: Stories Behind the Numbers 4432: 4430: 3583:Martin, Davis; Kent, Alexander J. (2023). 2731: – open source photogrammetry toolkit 1263:that had gone unnoticed in OSM for a year. 891:Ground surveys are performed by a mapper, 305:, a non-profit organisation registered in 20: 5929: 5790: 5386:"Transitioning from MapBox to Azure Maps" 4861: 4598: 4596: 4464: 4402: 4176: 3885:Schröder-Bergen, Susanne (12 June 2024). 3746:The Digital Commons: Escape from Capital? 3612: 3541: 3377: 3282: 3222: 2719: – Feature of GPS navigation devices 2219:uses OSM data in many countries. Some of 1602:Learn how and when to remove this message 565:). A relation can optionally specify the 263:. The OpenStreetMap website itself is an 6768:Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum 5606:Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 5182:"Interactive maps, now in your language" 2563:Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum 2467:, the 'PokéStops' and 'Pokémon Gyms' in 1464:OSM application architectural components 1459: 801:'s dataset and commercial datasets from 7025:OpenStreetMap: Be Your Own Cartographer 6840:"OpenStreetMap just turned 100 million" 6551:Marques, Nuno Carvalho (8 April 2024). 6399:"Battlefield launches with Mapbox maps" 5917:IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 4010: 4008: 2743: 2180:OSM data with a separate, crowdsourced 2097:Various groups, including researchers, 1805:. On the desktop, applications such as 6639:Groux, Christopher (1 December 2017). 6273:MacKenzie, Debora (12 November 2013). 5912:"Cartographic Design of Cultural Maps" 5305:Bravina, Tatsiana (15 February 2021). 5260:from the original on 20 September 2020 4906:from the original on 12 September 2018 4836:Neis, Pascal; Zipf, Alexander (2012). 3724:from the original on 28 September 2012 3597:International Cartographic Association 3029:Fairhurst, Richard (13 January 2008). 2936: 2934: 2725: – Type of user-generated content 2380:World of the Living Dead: Resurrection 2045:Virginia Tech Transportation Institute 2039:OSM is often a source for large-scale 1705:to identify OSM geometries to return. 1131:, Merkaartor, and, with an extension, 911:. Map data is typically recorded on a 259:which can then be exported into other 6949:Quinn, Sterling; Bull, Floyd (2019). 6620:from the original on 11 December 2017 6025:from the original on 14 December 2014 5392:. San Francisco: GitHub. 28 June 2022 5307:"Updates: what's new in January 2021" 5282:. Blog.foursquare.com. Archived from 5219:from the original on 16 November 2012 5130:"OpenRailwayMap - OpenStreetMap Wiki" 5084:from the original on 11 November 2013 4963: 4930:Dickinson, Corey (19 February 2021). 4680:from the original on 14 November 2012 4335:from the original on 17 November 2012 4282:from the original on 9 September 2017 4229:from the original on 29 December 2022 4053:from the original on 20 February 2011 3670:from the original on 27 February 2018 3628:Fairhurst, Richard (7 January 2008). 3309:from the original on 10 February 2015 3244: 2983:from the original on 11 December 2010 2809: 2758:from the original on 28 February 2017 2572:for its contribution toward the UN's 2302:for aid workers to use in the field. 2074:OSM is also used in conservation and 2059:has analysed routes generated by the 1300:Field survey in various parts of the 1226:caused it to resurface to readers of 1204:In 2012, contractors affiliated with 7: 6415:Falcon, Jonah A. (1 December 2013). 6314:from the original on 4 February 2021 6300:Meyer, Robinson (12 November 2013). 6229:from the original on 11 October 2017 5727:from the original on 4 February 2021 5335:. geoawesomeness.com. 22 June 2017. 5162:from the original on 31 January 2022 4787:from the original on 11 January 2013 4760:from the original on 11 January 2013 3660:"Licence – OpenStreetMap Foundation" 3589:International Journal of Cartography 3335:from the original on 18 October 2017 3156:from the original on 17 October 2012 3129:from the original on 3 November 2012 3041:from the original on 6 February 2011 2109:, have used OSM in conjunction with 1915:quietly switched the locator map in 1748:are not part of the project per se. 1540:adding citations to reliable sources 959:are some of the providers of aerial/ 309:and is funded mostly via donations. 42:OpenStreetMap homepage, showing the 5618:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2017.05.004 5477:from the original on 17 August 2016 5339:from the original on 6 January 2018 5256:. blog-flickr.net. 12 August 2008. 5136:from the original on 16 August 2022 3826:Association for Computing Machinery 2788:from the original on 13 August 2021 2524:Japan Institute of Design Promotion 2373:(2013) used a customized OSM-based 2339:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa 1634:prerenders the data as a series of 1401:incorporate OSM mapping into their 1049:Geographic Names Information System 679:Portland, Oregon, metropolitan area 422:, which adopted OpenStreetMap, and 414:In 2012, the launch of pricing for 290:geographical data such as the U.S. 7821:Volunteered geographic information 6984:Foody, Giles; et al. (2017). 6922:"共享地圖OpenStreetMap爆改地名大戰山友憂慮增加意外" 6869:"Mapbox services and vector tiles" 6695:[2024 Good Design Award]. 6651:from the original on 9 August 2018 6563:from the original on 12 April 2024 6529:Carrasco, Carlos (16 March 2020). 6367:"Monopoly game launches on Google" 6182:Forrest, Brady (1 February 2010). 5238:Adkins, Jonah (25 February 2021). 5072:Filney, Klint (11 November 2013). 4817:from the original on 8 August 2020 4510:Gallagher, Sean (30 August 2018). 4199:from the original on 7 August 2022 4193:"2.2 Exploring TIGER and OSM Data" 4016:"Bing engages open maps community" 3557:McHugh, Bibiana (31 August 2011). 3472:from the original on 12 April 2019 2971:Willis, Nathan (11 October 2007). 2723:Volunteered geographic information 2349:OSM is a map data source for many 2053:advanced driver-assistance systems 2000:integrated development environment 1776:. It presents the general-purpose 1019:images. Additionally, a Mapillary 602:popular vote of a written proposal 14: 6877:. University Park, Pennsylvania: 6379:from the original on 19 July 2012 6184:"Technology Saves Lives In Haiti" 6078:from the original on 17 July 2024 5450:from the original on 13 July 2018 5411:Johnston, Casey (3 August 2012). 5313:from the original on 15 July 2021 5254:"Around the world and back again" 5207:Cooper, Daniel (28 August 2012). 5110:from the original on 1 March 2015 5053:(Podcast). Event occurs at 16:30 4308:from the original on 14 June 2021 4132:from the original on 3 April 2011 3993:from the original on 6 March 2021 3912:"Merkaartor - OpenStreetMap Wiki" 3640:from the original on 27 July 2011 3148:Ingraham, Nathan (11 June 2012). 3010:from the original on 1 March 2012 2952:from the original on 7 April 2017 2822:Fox, Killian (18 February 2012). 2713: – Amateur-focused geography 2644:into a business model, including 2252:cars found that the Smart Summon 2172:includes building data from OSM. 2069:Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse 693:style's symbology to that of the 403:launched an OSM-based version of 215:. Contributors collect data from 7199: 6900:"FAQ – Overture Maps Foundation" 6582:Stuart, Keith (1 October 2019). 6347:from the original on 6 June 2011 6333:Raphael, JR (8 September 2009). 6281:from the original on 8 July 2014 6070:Lazar, Adrina (30 August 2023). 5953:Butcher, Mike (12 August 2013). 5637:University Transportation Center 5600:Boeing, Geoff (September 2017). 4942:from the original on 20 May 2021 4729:from the original on 24 May 2014 4614:from the original on 25 May 2023 4491:from the original on 25 May 2023 4383:Ballatore, Andrea (5 May 2014). 4041:Coast, Steve (4 December 2006). 4022:from the original on 4 June 2016 3697:from the original on 25 May 2012 3329:"Databases and data access APIs" 3002:Batty, Peter (3 December 2007). 2588: 2124: 2080:Forest Landscape Integrity Index 2026:Geographic information retrieval 1946: 1516: 1428: 1215:and some nearby map features to 637: 592:of map features (the meaning of 386:road dataset. In December 2007, 36: 27: 7156:Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team 7048:(1st ed.). UIT Cambridge. 6953:. In Valcik, Nicolas A. (ed.). 6197:from the original on 5 May 2011 6044:Gannes, Liz (30 January 2014). 5887:Comai, Giorgio (6 March 2023). 5872:Comai, Giorgio (16 July 2021). 5469:Anderson, Elle (28 July 2015). 5440:"Webots OpenStreetMap Importer" 4539:Taylor, Josh (20 August 2020). 3718:"Automated redactions complete" 3263:Geo-spatial Information Science 2509:Free Software Foundation Europe 2491:, from Google Maps to OSM, the 2160:A device on the dashboard of a 1527:needs additional citations for 1070:provide landcover and streets. 6987:Mapping and the Citizen Sensor 6874:GEOG 865: Cloud and Server GIS 6718:Pridal, Petr (12 April 2018). 6510:. FlightGear. 13 November 2023 6448:"OpenStreetMap and X-Plane 10" 6153:Stowell, Dan (5 August 2020). 6072:"Building hyperlocal GrabMaps" 5521:Williams, Logan (8 May 2023). 4748:Wood, Harry (6 January 2013). 4571:Warren, Tom (21 August 2020). 4421:10.1179/1743277414Y.0000000085 4043:"Yahoo! aerial imagery in OSM" 3299:"OpenStreetMap Wiki: Database" 3121:Fossum, Mike (20 March 2012). 2851:Sinton, Diana (6 April 2016). 1732:OSM is an important source of 1476:, and integrations with basic 1364:Non-governmental organisations 1259:suburb, which was traced to a 1234:-powered applications such as 876:Surveys and personal knowledge 301:The database is hosted by the 1: 7754:Geographic information system 7499:Personal navigation assistant 6920:Yan Minghui (20 April 2022). 6807:. London: Open Data Institute 6476:Supnik, Ben (18 April 2011). 6446:Supnik, Ben (17 April 2011). 6157:. In Silverman, Craig (ed.). 5826:10.1109/CVPRW56347.2022.00139 4750:"1 million OpenStreetMappers" 4108:OpenStreetMap Community Forum 3614:10.1080/23729333.2022.2047396 3370:10.1080/14479338.2024.2345319 3284:10.1080/10095020.2017.1368193 2885:(Mailing list). OpenStreetMap 2679:that tracks the evolution of 2574:Sustainable Development Goals 1839:using live OpenStreetMap data 1617:free and open-source software 274:OpenStreetMap was created by 7504:Automotive navigation system 6645:International Business Times 6454:. Columbia, South Carolina: 5358:Balter, Ben (13 June 2013). 5240:"Launching the Facebook Map" 5047:"Natural Language Geocoding" 5003:"Nominatim website homepage" 4248:Franzen, Carl (7 May 2013). 4223:National Library of Scotland 3716:Wood, Harry (26 July 2012). 3092:Kirk, Jeremy (9 July 2010). 2784:. OpenStreetMap Foundation. 2535:Swiss Society of Cartography 2187:Mobile applications such as 1835:) example, highlighting the 1187:vandalism on Knowledge (XXG) 1053:National Hydrography Dataset 1047:were initially sourced from 789:systems. From 2020 to 2024, 509:is modelled as one of three 7345:Open Source Routing Machine 6838:Asay, Matt (2 March 2021). 6017:S, Maria (8 October 2013). 4610:(in Persian). 5 July 2021. 4274:Barth, Alex (20 May 2013). 3559:The OpenTripPlanner Project 2430:FlightGear Flight Simulator 2396:FlightGear Flight Simulator 2061:Open Source Routing Machine 2057:United States Census Bureau 1986:for analysis and map-making 1718:Open Source Routing Machine 1371:April 2015 Nepal earthquake 1306:Death March trail monuments 886:satellite navigation device 8076: 7857:Historical Marker Database 7023:Bennett, Jonathan (2010). 5775:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3 5498:OpenStreetMap in GIScience 4072:Mata, Raj (13 June 2011). 2778:"OpenStreetMap Statistics" 2424:Microsoft Flight Simulator 2267: 2041:transport network analyses 1346:Automotive Navigation Data 1252:Microsoft Flight Simulator 1211:In 2018, a vandal renamed 1066:'s CanVec vector data and 977:(2017–2023) allowed their 699:military mapping programme 574:OSM manages metadata as a 361:Automotive Navigation Data 231:sources. OpenStreetMap is 7197: 6971:– via Google Books. 6610:"Pokemon Go now uses OSM" 5859:10.1177/23998083211068844 3501:10.1007/978-94-007-4587-2 2473:, and the 'tappables' in 2103:Open Knowledge Foundation 2065:American Community Survey 1375:2016 Kumamoto earthquakes 1230:, as well as to users of 1004:tracks, and the open and 850:Software applications on 442:and other aspects of the 35: 26: 7948:Participatory monitoring 7181:OpenStreetMap Foundation 6930:(in Traditional Chinese) 6217:"Digital Help for Haiti" 5998:. Olathe, Kansas: Garmin 5992:"What is OpenStreetMap?" 5940:10.1109/MCG.2020.3026596 5360:"There's a map for that" 4705:13 November 2018 at the 4390:The Cartographic Journal 4078:Yahoo! Developer Network 2662:Overture Maps Foundation 2557:'s OSM-based tile layer 2542:Free Software Foundation 2513:OpenStreetMap Foundation 2296:antimalarial medications 1900:visualized any uploaded 1856:, story maps, and other 1500:application backed by a 1387:University of Heidelberg 1195:OpenStreetMap Foundation 1064:Natural Resources Canada 1043:from the Census Bureau. 973:(2010 – till date), and 884:Surveying routes with a 799:Overture Maps Foundation 765:publishes the planet on 578:. Each element contains 430:and OpenStreetMap data. 350:OpenStreetMap Foundation 303:OpenStreetMap Foundation 71:OpenStreetMap Foundation 5705:10.1126/science.aaf7166 5587:10.1145/3139958.3140000 5366:. San Francisco: GitHub 3834:10.1145/3474717.3484256 3824:. SIGSPATIAL. Beijing: 3743:Paulson, Robin (2013). 3031:"Cycle map on your GPS" 2717:Turn-by-turn navigation 2455:Alternate reality games 2254:automatic valet parking 2094:using computer vision. 2002:for querying this API. 1998:. Overpass turbo is an 1929:augmented reality games 1904:data atop an OSM-based 1391:Ebola broke out in 2014 1379:2016 Ecuador earthquake 1340:Commercial contributors 1062:is imported. In Canada 993:Street-level image data 940:Satellite/Aerial images 745:OSM publishes official 554:between pairs of nodes. 245:turn-by-turn navigation 6722:. Unterägeri: MapTiler 6557:Strategy and Wargaming 4642:. Kerala. 29 June 2023 4195:. Penn State College. 3916:wiki.openstreetmap.org 3751:University of Auckland 3664:wiki.osmfoundation.org 2915:(Blog). Archived from 2879:"First street entered" 2479:(2019). In 2017, when 2400: 2367:as the playing board. 2331:Northern Mali conflict 2287: 2165: 2086:imagery, designed for 1987: 1765: 1465: 1309: 1273:was misidentified as ' 1101: 888: 831: 779:University of Freiburg 685:and the search engine 483: 322: 152:; 20 years ago 8014:Foursquare City Guide 7829:Collaborative mapping 6160:Verification Handbook 5996:Garmin Support Center 5754:Nature Communications 4811:osmstats.neis-one.org 3858:"Sunsetting Daylight" 2705:Collaborative mapping 2669:collaborative mapping 2642:software as a service 2544:awarded OSM the 2018 2389: 2360:Monopoly City Streets 2307:2010 Haiti earthquake 2285: 2239:ridesharing companies 2159: 2078:research. The annual 2051:function to evaluate 2020:that accept standard 1981: 1886:Foursquare City Guide 1759: 1463: 1299: 1099: 923:using paper mapping. 883: 830:after a ground survey 825: 711:Open Database Licence 527:geographic coordinate 481: 458:classifications, and 348:. In April 2006, the 320: 257:geographical features 237:Open Database License 179:Open Database License 7437:Satellite navigation 7077:on 17 November 2020. 7027:. Packt Publishing. 6675:Document Freedom Day 6375:. 9 September 2009. 5559:10.5281/zenodo.51122 5286:on 12 September 2013 4018:. 23 November 2010. 2877:(11 December 2004). 2632:estimated the total 2517:Document Freedom Day 2351:location-based games 2047:has used Valhalla's 1703:large language model 1642:. A library such as 1536:improve this article 1508:Software development 1403:community resilience 598:maintained on a wiki 511:geometric primitives 221:aerial photo imagery 7918:Canadian Headstones 7779:GPS animal tracking 7666:Geographic services 6826:Murdoch et al. 2020 6262:on 25 October 2012. 6225:. 27 January 2010. 5979:Murdoch et al. 2020 5767:2020NatCo..11.5978G 5697:2016Sci...354.1423I 5691:(6318): 1423–1427. 4863:10.3390/ijgi1020146 4854:2012IJGI....1..146N 4674:"Key and More Info" 4487:. 18 January 2012. 4466:10.3390/ijgi9040197 4457:2020IJGI....9..197J 4413:2014CartJ..51..214B 4178:10.3390/ijgi9060341 4169:2020IJGI....9..341M 4122:"Community licence" 3950:2022TrGIS..26.1879S 3938:Transactions in GIS 3605:2023IJCar...9...73D 3447:2010EnPlB..37..682H 3426:Haklay, M. (2010). 3407:on 15 December 2012 3275:2017GSIS...20..219M 3224:10.3390/ijgi4031707 2857:Directions Magazine 2766:– via GitHub. 2689:fantasy cartography 2622:Open Data Institute 2570:digital public good 2448:Infection Free Zone 2437:City-building games 2248:In 2019, owners of 1939:Geospatial analysis 1778:OpenStreetMap Carto 1261:typographical error 785:dumps suitable for 763:Amazon Web Services 691:OpenStreetMap Carto 677:, which serves the 278:in response to the 209:geographic database 165:Current status 23: 6961:. pp. 84–85. 6681:on 8 October 2014. 6504:"Changelog 2020.3" 6222:The New York Times 6074:. Grab Tech Blog. 5045:Odonohue, Daniel. 4723:OpenStreetMap Wiki 3958:10.1111/tgis.12910 3393:Zielstra, Dennis. 3073:on 13 January 2012 2942:"State of the Map" 2600:. You can help by 2401: 2300:GPS tracking units 2288: 2166: 2136:. You can help by 2092:image segmentation 1988: 1958:. You can help by 1860:. Locator maps on 1766: 1695:incremental search 1466: 1440:. You can help by 1310: 1102: 1055:. In the UK, some 1033:federal government 979:aerial photography 889: 832: 649:. You can help by 484: 448:points of interest 399:million. In 2010, 323: 253:data visualisation 213:open collaboration 207:) is a free, open 150:9 August 2004 8047: 8046: 8001:Travel literature 7900:Yandex Map Editor 7875:OpenHistoricalMap 7787: 7786: 7551:GNSS augmentation 7403: 7402: 7390:OpenHistoricalMap 7368: 7367: 7055:978-1-906860-11-0 7034:978-1-84719-750-4 7001:978-1-911529-16-3 6968:978-1-4987-6764-4 6957:. New York City: 6697:Good Design Award 6482:X-Plane Developer 6452:X-Plane Developer 6427:on 6 January 2014 6421:Strategy Informer 6104:. 4 November 2019 6102:Tesla Motors Club 5507:978-3-319-14280-7 5280:"Foursquare Blog" 4219:"Ordnance Survey" 3843:978-1-4503-8664-7 3769:openstreetmap.org 3543:10.3390/fi4010001 3510:978-94-007-4586-5 2946:stateofthemap.org 2919:on 23 August 2011 2863:on 20 April 2024. 2673:OpenHistoricalMap 2634:replacement value 2620:According to the 2618: 2617: 2528:Good Design Award 2404:Flight simulators 2154: 2153: 2088:feature detection 2076:land-use planning 1976: 1975: 1760:OpenStreetMap of 1746:satellite imagery 1679:reverse geocoding 1612: 1611: 1604: 1586: 1486:social networking 1458: 1457: 1165:Quality assurance 1035:are placed under 795:quality assurance 773:. As part of the 697:'s comprehensive 667: 666: 529:expressed in the 444:built environment 388:Oxford University 346:GPS tracking unit 307:England and Wales 225:satellite imagery 198: 197: 59:Country of origin 51:Available in 8067: 7863:The National Map 7842:Google Map Maker 7814: 7807: 7800: 7791: 7595:QZSS / Michibiki 7430: 7423: 7416: 7407: 7213: 7203: 7191:Wikimedia Italia 7130: 7123: 7116: 7107: 7099: 7094: 7093: 7091:Official website 7078: 7076: 7069: 7059: 7038: 7013: 6973: 6972: 6946: 6940: 6939: 6937: 6935: 6917: 6911: 6910: 6908: 6906: 6896: 6890: 6889: 6887: 6885: 6864: 6858: 6857: 6855: 6853: 6835: 6829: 6823: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6812: 6800: 6794: 6793: 6791: 6789: 6778: 6772: 6771: 6760: 6754: 6753: 6751: 6749: 6738: 6732: 6731: 6729: 6727: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6706: 6704: 6689: 6683: 6682: 6667: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6656: 6636: 6630: 6629: 6627: 6625: 6606: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6595: 6579: 6573: 6572: 6570: 6568: 6548: 6542: 6541: 6539: 6537: 6526: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6515: 6500: 6494: 6493: 6491: 6489: 6473: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6462: 6456:Laminar Research 6443: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6432: 6423:. Archived from 6412: 6406: 6405: 6395: 6389: 6388: 6386: 6384: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6330: 6324: 6323: 6321: 6319: 6297: 6291: 6290: 6288: 6286: 6270: 6264: 6263: 6261: 6255:. Archived from 6254: 6245: 6239: 6238: 6236: 6234: 6213: 6207: 6206: 6204: 6202: 6179: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6150: 6144: 6143: 6141: 6139: 6130:. Archived from 6120: 6114: 6113: 6111: 6109: 6094: 6088: 6087: 6085: 6083: 6067: 6061: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6041: 6035: 6034: 6032: 6030: 6014: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6003: 5988: 5982: 5976: 5970: 5969: 5967: 5965: 5950: 5944: 5943: 5933: 5907: 5901: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5869: 5863: 5862: 5853:(6): 1792–1809. 5836: 5830: 5829: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5794: 5743: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5674: 5668: 5667: 5665: 5663: 5647: 5641: 5640: 5628: 5622: 5621: 5597: 5591: 5590: 5580: 5569: 5563: 5562: 5552: 5541: 5535: 5534: 5532: 5530: 5518: 5512: 5511: 5493: 5487: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5466: 5460: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5436: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5408: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5390:GitHub Changelog 5382: 5376: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5355: 5349: 5348: 5346: 5344: 5329: 5323: 5322: 5320: 5318: 5302: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5276: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5250: 5244: 5243: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5224: 5204: 5198: 5197: 5195: 5193: 5178: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5152: 5146: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5126: 5120: 5119: 5117: 5115: 5100: 5094: 5093: 5091: 5089: 5069: 5063: 5062: 5060: 5058: 5042: 5036: 5035: 5033: 5031: 5021: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5010: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4988: 4973: 4967: 4961: 4952: 4951: 4949: 4947: 4927: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4911: 4900:Geospatial World 4892: 4886: 4885: 4883: 4874: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4833: 4827: 4826: 4824: 4822: 4803: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4792: 4776: 4770: 4769: 4767: 4765: 4745: 4739: 4738: 4736: 4734: 4715: 4709: 4696: 4690: 4689: 4687: 4685: 4676:. 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It is a 464:street furniture 398: 332:created massive 261:GIS file formats 249:humanitarian aid 160: 158: 153: 116: 113: 111: 40: 31: 24: 8075: 8074: 8070: 8069: 8068: 8066: 8065: 8064: 8050: 8049: 8048: 8043: 7995: 7950: 7942: 7904: 7823: 7818: 7788: 7783: 7742: 7661: 7635: 7619: 7545: 7542:CellGuide ACLYS 7518: 7485: 7439: 7434: 7404: 7399: 7364: 7293: 7252: 7204: 7195: 7139: 7134: 7103: 7089: 7088: 7085: 7074: 7067: 7062: 7056: 7041: 7035: 7022: 7019: 7017:Further reading 7002: 6983: 6981: 6976: 6969: 6948: 6947: 6943: 6933: 6931: 6919: 6918: 6914: 6904: 6902: 6898: 6897: 6893: 6883: 6881: 6866: 6865: 6861: 6851: 6849: 6848:. San Francisco 6837: 6836: 6832: 6824: 6820: 6810: 6808: 6802: 6801: 6797: 6787: 6785: 6782:"OpenStreetMap" 6780: 6779: 6775: 6762: 6761: 6757: 6747: 6745: 6740: 6739: 6735: 6725: 6723: 6717: 6716: 6712: 6702: 6700: 6691: 6690: 6686: 6669: 6668: 6664: 6654: 6652: 6638: 6637: 6633: 6623: 6621: 6608: 6607: 6603: 6593: 6591: 6581: 6580: 6576: 6566: 6564: 6550: 6549: 6545: 6535: 6533: 6528: 6527: 6523: 6513: 6511: 6508:FlightGear wiki 6502: 6501: 6497: 6487: 6485: 6475: 6474: 6470: 6460: 6458: 6445: 6444: 6440: 6430: 6428: 6414: 6413: 6409: 6397: 6396: 6392: 6382: 6380: 6365: 6364: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6332: 6331: 6327: 6317: 6315: 6299: 6298: 6294: 6284: 6282: 6272: 6271: 6267: 6259: 6252: 6247: 6246: 6242: 6232: 6230: 6215: 6214: 6210: 6200: 6198: 6181: 6180: 6176: 6166: 6164: 6152: 6151: 6147: 6137: 6135: 6134:on 21 July 2018 6122: 6121: 6117: 6107: 6105: 6096: 6095: 6091: 6081: 6079: 6069: 6068: 6064: 6054: 6052: 6043: 6042: 6038: 6028: 6026: 6016: 6015: 6011: 6001: 5999: 5990: 5989: 5985: 5977: 5973: 5963: 5961: 5952: 5951: 5947: 5909: 5908: 5904: 5894: 5892: 5886: 5879: 5877: 5871: 5870: 5866: 5838: 5837: 5833: 5813: 5812: 5808: 5745: 5744: 5740: 5730: 5728: 5676: 5675: 5671: 5661: 5659: 5649: 5648: 5644: 5630: 5629: 5625: 5599: 5598: 5594: 5578: 5571: 5570: 5566: 5550: 5543: 5542: 5538: 5528: 5526: 5520: 5519: 5515: 5508: 5495: 5494: 5490: 5480: 5478: 5468: 5467: 5463: 5453: 5451: 5444:cyberbotics.com 5438: 5437: 5433: 5423: 5421: 5410: 5409: 5405: 5395: 5393: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5369: 5367: 5364:The GitHub Blog 5357: 5356: 5352: 5342: 5340: 5331: 5330: 5326: 5316: 5314: 5304: 5303: 5299: 5289: 5287: 5278: 5277: 5273: 5263: 5261: 5252: 5251: 5247: 5237: 5236: 5232: 5222: 5220: 5206: 5205: 5201: 5191: 5189: 5180: 5179: 5175: 5165: 5163: 5154: 5153: 5149: 5139: 5137: 5128: 5127: 5123: 5113: 5111: 5102: 5101: 5097: 5087: 5085: 5071: 5070: 5066: 5056: 5054: 5044: 5043: 5039: 5029: 5027: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5008: 5006: 5001: 5000: 4996: 4986: 4984: 4975: 4974: 4970: 4962: 4955: 4945: 4943: 4929: 4928: 4919: 4909: 4907: 4902:. 3 July 2018. 4894: 4893: 4889: 4881: 4876: 4875: 4871: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4820: 4818: 4805: 4804: 4800: 4790: 4788: 4778: 4777: 4773: 4763: 4761: 4747: 4746: 4742: 4732: 4730: 4717: 4716: 4712: 4707:Wayback Machine 4697: 4693: 4683: 4681: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4659: 4655: 4645: 4643: 4632: 4631: 4627: 4617: 4615: 4602: 4601: 4594: 4584: 4582: 4581:. New York City 4570: 4569: 4560: 4550: 4548: 4538: 4537: 4533: 4523: 4521: 4509: 4508: 4504: 4494: 4492: 4479: 4478: 4474: 4436: 4435: 4428: 4382: 4381: 4374: 4364: 4362: 4361:. 1 August 2023 4353: 4352: 4348: 4338: 4336: 4326: 4325: 4321: 4311: 4309: 4300: 4299: 4295: 4285: 4283: 4273: 4272: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4247: 4246: 4242: 4232: 4230: 4217: 4216: 4212: 4202: 4200: 4191: 4190: 4186: 4150: 4149: 4145: 4135: 4133: 4120: 4119: 4115: 4110:. 26 June 2023. 4102: 4101: 4097: 4087: 4085: 4084:on 23 June 2011 4071: 4070: 4066: 4056: 4054: 4040: 4039: 4035: 4025: 4023: 4014: 4013: 4006: 3996: 3994: 3981: 3980: 3973: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3920: 3918: 3910: 3909: 3905: 3895: 3893: 3884: 3883: 3876: 3866: 3864: 3862:daylightmap.org 3856: 3855: 3851: 3844: 3821: 3811: 3810: 3806: 3796: 3794: 3789: 3788: 3784: 3774: 3772: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3742: 3741: 3737: 3727: 3725: 3715: 3714: 3710: 3700: 3698: 3688: 3687: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3658: 3657: 3653: 3643: 3641: 3627: 3626: 3622: 3582: 3581: 3577: 3567: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3555: 3551: 3530:Future Internet 3523: 3522: 3518: 3511: 3490: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3473: 3469: 3430: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3410: 3408: 3404: 3397: 3392: 3391: 3387: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3338: 3336: 3327: 3326: 3322: 3312: 3310: 3297: 3296: 3292: 3256: 3255: 3251: 3243: 3232: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3187: 3185: 3177: 3176: 3169: 3159: 3157: 3147: 3146: 3142: 3132: 3130: 3120: 3119: 3115: 3105: 3103: 3102:. San Francisco 3091: 3090: 3086: 3076: 3074: 3070: 3063: 3059: 3058: 3054: 3044: 3042: 3028: 3027: 3023: 3013: 3011: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2986: 2984: 2970: 2969: 2965: 2955: 2953: 2940: 2939: 2932: 2922: 2920: 2907:(4 July 2007). 2903: 2902: 2898: 2888: 2886: 2873: 2872: 2868: 2850: 2849: 2845: 2835: 2833: 2821: 2820: 2816: 2808: 2801: 2791: 2789: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2761: 2759: 2750: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2732: 2701: 2681:human geography 2626:research report 2614: 2608: 2605: 2598:needs expansion 2583: 2501: 2476:Minecraft Earth 2357:'s short-lived 2347: 2280: 2266: 2258:Tesla Autopilot 2256:feature within 2182:customer review 2150: 2144: 2141: 2134:needs expansion 2119: 1972: 1966: 1963: 1956:needs expansion 1941: 1892:'s Wialon, and 1862:Knowledge (XXG) 1842: 1841: 1840: 1828: 1823: 1801:data to create 1754: 1734:geographic data 1730: 1722:OpenTripPlanner 1624:software stacks 1608: 1597: 1591: 1588: 1551:"OpenStreetMap" 1545: 1543: 1533: 1521: 1510: 1454: 1448: 1445: 1438:needs expansion 1423: 1411: 1366: 1342: 1294: 1228:Knowledge (XXG) 1167: 1094: 1085:Crown copyright 1057:Ordnance Survey 1029: 1027:Government data 999:Bing Streetside 995: 983:NearMap Pty Ltd 942: 878: 862:and Merkaator. 820: 815: 743: 707: 683:OpenTripPlanner 663: 657: 654: 647:needs expansion 632: 580:key-value pairs 476: 436: 396: 395:funding of €2.4 393:venture capital 359:In April 2007, 330:Ordnance Survey 315: 280:Ordnance Survey 233:freely licensed 185:Written in 175: 174:Content license 156: 154: 151: 108: 94:geographic data 77:Created by 46: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8073: 8071: 8063: 8062: 8052: 8051: 8045: 8044: 8042: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8026: 8021: 8016: 8011: 8005: 8003: 7997: 7996: 7994: 7993: 7988: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7957: 7955: 7944: 7943: 7941: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7925: 7920: 7914: 7912: 7906: 7905: 7903: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7872: 7870:OpenGeofiction 7867: 7859: 7854: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7833: 7831: 7825: 7824: 7819: 7817: 7816: 7809: 7802: 7794: 7785: 7784: 7782: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7769:Geoinformatics 7766: 7761: 7756: 7750: 7748: 7747:Related topics 7744: 7743: 7741: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7723:NASA WorldWind 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7669: 7667: 7663: 7662: 7660: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7643: 7641: 7637: 7636: 7634: 7633: 7627: 7625: 7621: 7620: 7618: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7566: 7561: 7555: 7553: 7547: 7546: 7544: 7543: 7540: 7535: 7532: 7526: 7524: 7520: 7519: 7517: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7495: 7493: 7487: 7486: 7484: 7483: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7458: 7453: 7447: 7445: 7441: 7440: 7435: 7433: 7432: 7425: 7418: 7410: 7401: 7400: 7398: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7385:OpenGeofiction 7382: 7376: 7374: 7370: 7369: 7366: 7365: 7363: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7327: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7307: 7301: 7299: 7295: 7294: 7292: 7291: 7286: 7284:OpenRailwayMap 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7260: 7258: 7254: 7253: 7251: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7219: 7217: 7210: 7206: 7205: 7198: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7147: 7145: 7141: 7140: 7135: 7133: 7132: 7125: 7118: 7110: 7101: 7100: 7084: 7083:External links 7081: 7080: 7079: 7060: 7054: 7039: 7033: 7018: 7015: 7000: 6992:Ubiquity Press 6980: 6977: 6975: 6974: 6967: 6941: 6912: 6891: 6859: 6830: 6818: 6795: 6773: 6770:. 18 May 2021. 6755: 6733: 6710: 6693:"2014グッドデザイン賞" 6684: 6662: 6631: 6601: 6574: 6543: 6521: 6495: 6468: 6438: 6407: 6390: 6358: 6325: 6292: 6265: 6240: 6208: 6174: 6145: 6115: 6089: 6062: 6036: 6009: 5983: 5971: 5945: 5902: 5864: 5831: 5806: 5738: 5669: 5642: 5623: 5592: 5564: 5536: 5513: 5506: 5488: 5473:. Strava.com. 5461: 5431: 5403: 5377: 5350: 5324: 5297: 5271: 5245: 5230: 5199: 5188:. 28 June 2018 5173: 5147: 5121: 5095: 5064: 5037: 5016: 4994: 4968: 4953: 4917: 4887: 4869: 4848:(2): 146–165. 4828: 4798: 4779:Neis, Pascal. 4771: 4740: 4710: 4691: 4665: 4653: 4625: 4592: 4558: 4531: 4502: 4472: 4426: 4397:(3): 214–224. 4372: 4346: 4327:Vines, Emily. 4319: 4293: 4266: 4240: 4210: 4184: 4143: 4113: 4095: 4064: 4033: 4004: 3971: 3928: 3903: 3874: 3849: 3842: 3804: 3782: 3771:. 25 June 2020 3756: 3735: 3708: 3689:Poole, Simon. 3681: 3651: 3620: 3575: 3549: 3516: 3509: 3483: 3455:10.1068/b35097 3441:(4): 682–703. 3418: 3385: 3346: 3320: 3290: 3269:(3): 219–230. 3249: 3230: 3195: 3167: 3140: 3113: 3084: 3052: 3021: 3006:. Geothought. 2994: 2963: 2930: 2896: 2866: 2843: 2814: 2799: 2769: 2742: 2740: 2737: 2736: 2735: 2726: 2720: 2714: 2708: 2700: 2697: 2685:OpenGeofiction 2677:historical map 2616: 2615: 2609:September 2024 2595: 2593: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2577: 2566: 2551: 2538: 2531: 2520: 2500: 2497: 2346: 2343: 2335:Typhoon Haiyan 2312:Port-au-Prince 2270:Crisis mapping 2265: 2262: 2152: 2151: 2131: 2129: 2118: 2115: 1996:query language 1974: 1973: 1967:September 2024 1953: 1951: 1940: 1937: 1850:store locators 1826: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1791:nautical chart 1783:OpenRailwayMap 1753: 1750: 1729: 1726: 1710:route planning 1610: 1609: 1592:September 2024 1524: 1522: 1515: 1509: 1506: 1456: 1455: 1449:September 2024 1435: 1433: 1422: 1419: 1410: 1407: 1365: 1362: 1341: 1338: 1320:and navigable 1293: 1290: 1279: 1278: 1267: 1264: 1247: 1209: 1166: 1163: 1093: 1090: 1028: 1025: 994: 991: 941: 938: 877: 874: 856:software tools 845:voice recorder 841:digital camera 819: 816: 814: 811: 747:database dumps 742: 739: 706: 703: 665: 664: 658:September 2024 644: 642: 631: 628: 572: 571: 555: 534: 499:data structure 475: 474:Data structure 472: 440:infrastructure 435: 432: 314: 311: 196: 195: 186: 182: 181: 176: 173: 170: 169: 166: 162: 161: 148: 144: 143: 140: 134: 133: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 112:.openstreetmap 106: 102: 101: 90: 84: 83: 78: 74: 73: 68: 64: 63: 62:United Kingdom 60: 56: 55: 52: 48: 47: 41: 33: 32: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8072: 8061: 8060:OpenStreetMap 8058: 8057: 8055: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8012: 8010: 8007: 8006: 8004: 8002: 7998: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7954: 7949: 7945: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7916: 7915: 7913: 7911: 7907: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7880:OpenStreetMap 7878: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7864: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7834: 7832: 7830: 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7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7296: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7261: 7259: 7257:Visualisation 7255: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7220: 7218: 7214: 7211: 7207: 7202: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7148: 7146: 7144:Organisations 7142: 7138: 7137:OpenStreetMap 7131: 7126: 7124: 7119: 7117: 7112: 7111: 7108: 7104: 7098: 7092: 7087: 7086: 7082: 7073: 7066: 7061: 7057: 7051: 7047: 7046: 7040: 7036: 7030: 7026: 7021: 7020: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7007: 7003: 6997: 6993: 6989: 6988: 6978: 6970: 6964: 6960: 6956: 6952: 6945: 6942: 6929: 6928: 6923: 6916: 6913: 6901: 6895: 6892: 6880: 6876: 6875: 6870: 6863: 6860: 6847: 6846: 6841: 6834: 6831: 6827: 6822: 6819: 6806: 6799: 6796: 6783: 6777: 6774: 6769: 6765: 6759: 6756: 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5798: 5793: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5755: 5750: 5742: 5739: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5690: 5686: 5685: 5680: 5673: 5670: 5657: 5653: 5646: 5643: 5638: 5634: 5627: 5624: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5596: 5593: 5588: 5584: 5577: 5576: 5568: 5565: 5560: 5556: 5549: 5548: 5540: 5537: 5524: 5517: 5514: 5509: 5503: 5499: 5492: 5489: 5476: 5472: 5465: 5462: 5449: 5445: 5441: 5435: 5432: 5420: 5419: 5414: 5407: 5404: 5391: 5387: 5381: 5378: 5365: 5361: 5354: 5351: 5338: 5334: 5328: 5325: 5312: 5308: 5301: 5298: 5285: 5281: 5275: 5272: 5259: 5255: 5249: 5246: 5241: 5234: 5231: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5203: 5200: 5187: 5183: 5177: 5174: 5161: 5157: 5156:"OpenTopoMap" 5151: 5148: 5135: 5131: 5125: 5122: 5109: 5105: 5099: 5096: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5068: 5065: 5052: 5048: 5041: 5038: 5026: 5020: 5017: 5004: 4998: 4995: 4983:. 13 May 2015 4982: 4978: 4972: 4969: 4966:, p. 43. 4965: 4960: 4958: 4954: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4926: 4924: 4922: 4918: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4891: 4888: 4880: 4873: 4870: 4864: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4832: 4829: 4816: 4812: 4808: 4802: 4799: 4786: 4782: 4775: 4772: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4744: 4741: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4714: 4711: 4708: 4704: 4701: 4695: 4692: 4679: 4675: 4669: 4666: 4662: 4657: 4654: 4641: 4640: 4635: 4629: 4626: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4599: 4597: 4593: 4580: 4579: 4574: 4567: 4565: 4563: 4559: 4546: 4542: 4535: 4532: 4519: 4518: 4513: 4506: 4503: 4490: 4486: 4482: 4476: 4473: 4467: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4445: 4440: 4433: 4431: 4427: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4391: 4386: 4379: 4377: 4373: 4360: 4356: 4350: 4347: 4334: 4330: 4323: 4320: 4307: 4303: 4297: 4294: 4281: 4277: 4270: 4267: 4255: 4251: 4244: 4241: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4214: 4211: 4198: 4194: 4188: 4185: 4179: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4147: 4144: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4117: 4114: 4109: 4105: 4099: 4096: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4068: 4065: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4037: 4034: 4021: 4017: 4011: 4009: 4005: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3978: 3976: 3972: 3967: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3932: 3929: 3917: 3913: 3907: 3904: 3892: 3888: 3881: 3879: 3875: 3863: 3859: 3853: 3850: 3845: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3820: 3819: 3814: 3808: 3805: 3792: 3786: 3783: 3770: 3766: 3760: 3757: 3753:. p. 69. 3752: 3748: 3747: 3739: 3736: 3723: 3719: 3712: 3709: 3696: 3692: 3685: 3682: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3655: 3652: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3624: 3621: 3615: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3579: 3576: 3560: 3553: 3550: 3544: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3520: 3517: 3512: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3487: 3484: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3429: 3422: 3419: 3403: 3396: 3389: 3386: 3380: 3379:11250/3131589 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3362: 3357: 3350: 3347: 3334: 3330: 3324: 3321: 3308: 3304: 3303:OpenStreetMap 3300: 3294: 3291: 3285: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3253: 3250: 3247:, p. 39. 3246: 3241: 3239: 3237: 3235: 3231: 3225: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3211: 3206: 3199: 3196: 3183: 3182: 3181:On the Ground 3174: 3172: 3168: 3155: 3151: 3144: 3141: 3128: 3124: 3117: 3114: 3101: 3100: 3095: 3088: 3085: 3069: 3062: 3056: 3053: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3025: 3022: 3009: 3005: 2998: 2995: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2967: 2964: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2937: 2935: 2931: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2900: 2897: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2870: 2867: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2847: 2844: 2831: 2830: 2825: 2818: 2815: 2812:, p. 38. 2811: 2806: 2804: 2800: 2787: 2783: 2782:OpenStreetMap 2779: 2773: 2770: 2757: 2753: 2747: 2744: 2738: 2730: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2703: 2702: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2693:worldbuilding 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2667:Several open 2665: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2612: 2603: 2599: 2596:This section 2594: 2591: 2587: 2586: 2580: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2555:Stamen Design 2552: 2549: 2548: 2543: 2540:In 2019, the 2539: 2536: 2533:In 2018, the 2532: 2529: 2525: 2522:In 2014, the 2521: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2505: 2504: 2498: 2496: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2477: 2472: 2471: 2466: 2465: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2450: 2449: 2444: 2443: 2438: 2434: 2432: 2431: 2426: 2425: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2410: 2405: 2398: 2397: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2382: 2381: 2376: 2372: 2371: 2370:Battlefield 4 2366: 2362: 2361: 2356: 2352: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2327: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2290:Humanitarian 2284: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2246: 2244: 2240: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2163: 2158: 2148: 2139: 2135: 2132:This section 2130: 2127: 2123: 2122: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2072: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2037: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1985: 1980: 1970: 1961: 1957: 1954:This section 1952: 1949: 1945: 1944: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1909: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1838: 1832: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1763: 1758: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1708:A variety of 1706: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1691:search engine 1688: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1671: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1622:Two kinds of 1620: 1618: 1606: 1603: 1595: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1560: 1556: 1553: – 1552: 1548: 1547:Find sources: 1541: 1537: 1531: 1530: 1525:This section 1523: 1519: 1514: 1513: 1507: 1505: 1503: 1499: 1498:Ruby on Rails 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1462: 1452: 1443: 1439: 1436:This section 1434: 1431: 1427: 1426: 1420: 1418: 1416: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1399:Dar es Salaam 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1363: 1361: 1357: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1339: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1327: 1324:. Others are 1323: 1319: 1315: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1276: 1272: 1269:In 2023, the 1268: 1265: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1253: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1213:New York City 1210: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1175: 1172: 1164: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1136: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1098: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1076: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1037:public domain 1034: 1026: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1007: 1003: 1000: 992: 990: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 969:(2006–2011), 968: 964: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 939: 937: 934: 931: 929: 924: 920: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 887: 882: 875: 873: 869: 867: 863: 861: 857: 853: 848: 846: 842: 838: 829: 826:Editing with 824: 817: 812: 810: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 777:project, the 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 740: 738: 735: 730: 728: 722: 719: 714: 712: 704: 702: 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 661: 652: 648: 645:This section 643: 640: 636: 635: 629: 627: 623: 621: 617: 613: 610: 605: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 586: 581: 577: 568: 564: 560: 556: 553: 552: 547: 543: 539: 535: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 515: 514: 512: 508: 504: 500: 497: 493: 489: 480: 473: 471: 467: 465: 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 433: 431: 429: 425: 421: 417: 412: 410: 406: 402: 394: 389: 385: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 357: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 338:Regent's Park 335: 331: 327: 319: 312: 310: 308: 304: 299: 297: 293: 289: 288:public domain 285: 281: 277: 272: 270: 269:search engine 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 219:, trace from 218: 214: 210: 206: 203:(abbreviated 202: 201:OpenStreetMap 194: 190: 187: 183: 180: 177: 171: 167: 163: 149: 145: 141: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 107: 103: 99: 98:tiled web map 95: 91: 89: 85: 82: 79: 75: 72: 69: 65: 61: 57: 53: 49: 45: 39: 34: 30: 25: 22:OpenStreetMap 19: 7953:crowdmapping 7923:Find a Grave 7879: 7862: 7712: 7688:Google Earth 7360:Wheelmap.org 7350:Organic Maps 7243:OpenDroneMap 7186:Ramani Huria 7176:Missing Maps 7136: 7102: 7072:the original 7044: 7024: 6986: 6982: 6979:Bibliography 6954: 6944: 6932:. Retrieved 6925: 6915: 6903:. Retrieved 6894: 6884:11 September 6882:. Retrieved 6873: 6862: 6850:. Retrieved 6843: 6833: 6821: 6811:12 September 6809:. Retrieved 6798: 6786:. Retrieved 6776: 6767: 6758: 6746:. Retrieved 6736: 6724:. Retrieved 6713: 6703:11 September 6701:. Retrieved 6696: 6687: 6679:the original 6674: 6665: 6653:. Retrieved 6644: 6634: 6622:. Retrieved 6613: 6604: 6594:14 September 6592:. Retrieved 6588:The Guardian 6587: 6577: 6565:. Retrieved 6556: 6546: 6536:22 September 6534:. Retrieved 6524: 6514:14 September 6512:. Retrieved 6507: 6498: 6488:14 September 6486:. Retrieved 6481: 6471: 6461:14 September 6459:. Retrieved 6451: 6441: 6429:. Retrieved 6425:the original 6420: 6410: 6402: 6393: 6381:. Retrieved 6370: 6361: 6349:. Retrieved 6338: 6328: 6316:. Retrieved 6307:The Atlantic 6305: 6295: 6283:. Retrieved 6268: 6257:the original 6243: 6231:. Retrieved 6220: 6211: 6199:. Retrieved 6187: 6177: 6167:17 September 6165:. Retrieved 6159: 6148: 6136:. Retrieved 6132:the original 6128:Neis-one.org 6127: 6118: 6106:. Retrieved 6101: 6092: 6080:. Retrieved 6065: 6053:. Retrieved 6049: 6039: 6027:. Retrieved 6012: 6000:. Retrieved 5995: 5986: 5981:, p. 7. 5974: 5962:. Retrieved 5958: 5948: 5924:(6): 12–20. 5921: 5915: 5905: 5895:15 September 5893:. Retrieved 5880:15 September 5878:. Retrieved 5867: 5850: 5844: 5834: 5816: 5809: 5758: 5752: 5741: 5729:. Retrieved 5688: 5682: 5672: 5662:17 September 5660:. Retrieved 5655: 5645: 5626: 5609: 5605: 5595: 5574: 5567: 5546: 5539: 5529:15 September 5527:. Retrieved 5525:. Bellingcat 5516: 5497: 5491: 5479:. Retrieved 5464: 5452:. Retrieved 5443: 5434: 5422:. Retrieved 5418:Ars Technica 5416: 5406: 5396:15 September 5394:. Retrieved 5389: 5380: 5370:15 September 5368:. Retrieved 5363: 5353: 5341:. Retrieved 5327: 5315:. Retrieved 5300: 5290:23 September 5288:. Retrieved 5284:the original 5274: 5262:. Retrieved 5248: 5233: 5221:. Retrieved 5212: 5202: 5190:. Retrieved 5185: 5176: 5164:. 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Retrieved 2917:the original 2912: 2905:Coast, Steve 2899: 2889:12 September 2887:. Retrieved 2882: 2875:Coast, Steve 2869: 2861:the original 2856: 2846: 2836:12 September 2834:. Retrieved 2829:The Guardian 2827: 2817: 2790:. Retrieved 2781: 2772: 2762:30 September 2760:. Retrieved 2746: 2729:OpenDroneMap 2711:Neogeography 2666: 2638:Linux kernel 2619: 2606: 2602:adding to it 2597: 2558: 2545: 2511:awarded the 2502: 2488: 2484: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2453: 2446: 2440: 2435: 2428: 2422: 2407: 2402: 2394: 2378: 2368: 2358: 2348: 2328: 2326:and others. 2304: 2292:aid agencies 2289: 2247: 2236: 2233: 2209:Organic Maps 2189:CycleStreets 2186: 2174:Wheelmap.org 2168:On the Web, 2167: 2142: 2138:adding to it 2133: 2096: 2073: 2049:map matching 2038: 2034:road network 2018:triplestores 2008: 1992:Overpass API 1989: 1964: 1960:adding to it 1955: 1910: 1854:infographics 1846:locator maps 1843: 1837:Eiffel Tower 1833:}} 1829:{{ 1777: 1767: 1731: 1707: 1672: 1652:vector tiles 1639: 1636:raster image 1621: 1613: 1598: 1589: 1579: 1572: 1565: 1558: 1546: 1534:Please help 1529:verification 1526: 1474:revision log 1467: 1446: 1442:adding to it 1437: 1414: 1412: 1405:programmes. 1395:Ramani Huria 1383:Missing Maps 1367: 1358: 1343: 1334: 1330: 1311: 1282: 1280: 1250: 1199: 1179:crowdsourced 1176: 1168: 1160: 1152:Organic Maps 1137: 1106: 1103: 1079: 1072: 1030: 1021:traffic sign 1006:crowdsourced 996: 975:DigitalGlobe 965: 943: 935: 932: 925: 921: 890: 870: 864: 849: 833: 818:Data sources 744: 741:Distribution 734:CC-BY-SA-2.0 731: 723: 715: 708: 695:Soviet Union 690: 668: 655: 651:adding to it 646: 624: 606: 593: 583: 573: 566: 562: 558: 549: 537: 518: 506: 485: 468: 437: 413: 358: 324: 300: 273: 271:and editor. 247:, assist in 204: 200: 199: 142:10.6 million 129:Registration 18: 8024:Tripadvisor 7976:iNaturalist 7738:Yandex Maps 7733:Yahoo! Maps 7728:ViaMichelin 7693:Google Maps 7534:SiRFatlasIV 7530:SiRFstarIII 7509:GPS tracker 7373:Derivations 7310:GraphHopper 7010:j.ctv3t5qzc 6852:8 September 6788:8 September 6748:8 September 6726:8 September 6624:10 December 6383:25 February 6108:8 September 6055:8 September 6002:8 September 5761:(1): 5978. 5612:: 126–139. 5424:8 September 5343:28 February 5223:12 November 5088:11 November 5057:8 September 5005:. Nominatim 4821:5 September 4754:OpenGeoData 4684:17 November 4639:Mathrubhumi 4339:17 November 4286:9 September 4233:26 December 4088:25 February 4047:OpenGeoData 3674:27 February 3634:OpenGeoData 3411:14 November 3313:10 February 3160:13 November 3133:13 November 3106:8 September 2913:OpenGeoData 2792:10 November 2687:focuses on 2675:is a world 2499:Recognition 2442:NIMBY Rails 2365:Google Maps 2063:along with 1921:Google Maps 1821:Geolocation 1793:built as a 1789:is a world 1752:Cartography 1714:GraphHopper 1409:Conferences 1318:cycleroutes 1281:Players of 1275:Shiv Mandir 1221:replication 1217:antisemitic 1115:develops a 852:smartphones 787:linked data 687:Apache Solr 614:, with one 503:map feature 496:topological 416:Google Maps 365:Netherlands 326:Steve Coast 296:Google Maps 276:Steve Coast 81:Steve Coast 8034:Wikivoyage 8029:Wikitravel 7910:Geotagging 7852:HistoAtlas 7759:Geocaching 7718:Petal Maps 7678:Baidu Maps 7673:Apple Maps 7640:Technology 7514:GPS logger 7305:GNOME Maps 7298:Navigation 7289:OpenSeaMap 7279:OpenLayers 7151:Geochicas‎ 6990:. London: 6372:BBC Online 6021:. Geotab. 5959:TechCrunch 5931:2106.04688 5731:17 October 5309:. Gurtam. 5264:7 November 5166:5 February 5051:MapScaping 5025:"GeoNames" 4964:Foody 2017 4661:How we map 4451:(4): 197. 4163:(6): 341. 3987:Maxar Blog 3891:Geoawesome 3361:Innovation 3339:18 October 3245:Foody 2017 2810:Foody 2017 2739:References 2559:Watercolor 2489:Pokémon Go 2470:Pokémon Go 2316:World Bank 2268:See also: 2217:Apple Maps 2184:database. 2178:mashing up 2117:Navigation 2084:Sentinel-2 2004:Bellingcat 1931:, such as 1874:Craigslist 1866:Wikivoyage 1807:GNOME Maps 1787:OpenSeaMap 1774:changesets 1770:slippy map 1689:'s Photon 1658:Maps SDK, 1644:OpenLayers 1628:slippy map 1562:newspapers 1504:database. 1502:PostgreSQL 1470:slippy map 1377:, and the 1284:Pokémon Go 1171:Changesets 1002:360° image 905:motorcycle 899:, or in a 858:including 781:publishes 753:or binary 609:PostgreSQL 576:folksonomy 488:data model 460:topography 456:land cover 420:Craigslist 369:trunk road 354:geospatial 284:GPS traces 267:, geodata 265:online map 235:under the 193:JavaScript 157:2004-08-09 121:Commercial 8019:LocalWiki 8009:AllTrails 7971:HealthMap 7938:Panoramio 7933:Mapillary 7928:KartaView 7895:Wikimapia 7847:Here WeGo 7774:Geomatics 7764:Geocoding 7698:Here WeGo 7683:Bing Maps 7624:Protocols 7571:(retired) 7325:Locus Map 7315:Karta GPS 7238:Mapillary 7233:KartaView 6959:Routledge 6845:InfoWorld 6431:6 January 6082:14 August 6029:10 August 5783:2041-1723 5186:Wikimedia 4981:Bloomberg 4936:Bloomberg 4791:7 January 4764:7 January 4578:The Verge 4485:SlashGear 4404:1404.3341 3966:247178270 3728:1 October 3599:: 73–86. 3035:Système D 2977:Linux.com 2956:13 August 2630:Accenture 2581:Influence 2553:In 2021, 2519:UK Award. 2507:In 2014, 2493:overworld 2391:Innsbruck 2274:Smart mob 2201:Locus Map 2193:Karta GPS 2170:Bing Maps 2162:Sydtrafik 2145:July 2024 2107:Geochicas 1911:In 2012, 1908:basemap. 1870:MediaWiki 1693:provides 1675:geocoding 1478:geocoders 1421:Operation 1292:Community 1271:Taj Mahal 1257:Melbourne 1249:In 2020, 1183:vandalism 1013:KartaView 1009:Mapillary 989:licence. 961:satellite 813:Mapmaking 759:shapefile 582:, called 411:website. 381:US Census 371:data for 243:, inform 92:Editable 44:world map 8054:Category 7991:Ushahidi 7986:Safecast 7966:Geo-Wiki 7837:GeoNames 7703:MapQuest 7605:StarFire 7600:SouthPAN 7523:Chipsets 7248:Potlatch 7209:Software 7166:MapTiler 6934:20 April 6905:17 April 6655:9 August 6649:Archived 6618:Archived 6590:. London 6567:12 April 6561:Archived 6377:Archived 6351:15 April 6345:Archived 6340:PC World 6318:7 August 6312:Archived 6285:7 August 6279:Archived 6233:15 April 6227:Archived 6201:15 April 6195:Archived 6138:24 April 6076:Archived 6023:Archived 5964:10 March 5801:33293507 5725:Archived 5721:29409229 5713:27980208 5475:Archived 5448:Archived 5337:Archived 5311:Archived 5258:Archived 5217:Archived 5213:Engadget 5192:7 August 5160:Archived 5134:Archived 5114:28 April 5108:Archived 5082:Archived 5030:7 August 5009:7 August 4987:7 August 4940:Archived 4904:Archived 4815:Archived 4785:Archived 4758:Archived 4727:Archived 4703:Archived 4678:Archived 4612:Archived 4547:. London 4489:Archived 4365:7 August 4333:Archived 4331:. 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