376:
we were transferring them to another
British camp in Italy, and they mounted the trains without suspicion. As soon as the sliding doors of the cattle-trucks were padlocked, our soldiers withdrew and Tito's partisans emerged from the station building where they had been hiding, and took over command of the train. The prisoners and refugees could see them through cracks in the boarding, and began hammering on the insides of the wagons, shouting abuse at us for having betrayed them, lied to them, and sentenced at least the men among them to a grotesque death. There is now no doubt about their hideous fate, and to those of us on the spot there was little doubt then. Shortly after the first trainloads had been despatched, we heard the stories of the few survivors who escaped back to Austria, and thousands of manacled skeletons have since been disinterred in Slovenian pits.
336:, admitted in an interview in 1989 that it was "fairly clear that there was every probability that there were war criminals amongst them", but argued that in the context of the Cold War, such men were needed to fight against the Soviet Union. On 23 March 1947, the United Kingdom granted asylum to the entire 14th Division, whose men were subsequently settled in the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia. The Soviet government protested against this decision, stating that most of the men in the division had previously served in German police units in Galicia and were deeply involved in perpetrating war crimes, but using a brief written by
4235:
375:
Fifty years ago I was a captain in the
British Army, and with others I supervised the Jugoslav (Yugoslav) 'repatriation', as it was euphemistically called. We were told not to use force, and forbidden to inform them of their true destination. When they asked us where they were going, we replied that
360:
visibly shamefaced. Before their departure from the rendezvous in the forest, many had seen rows of bodies already hanging from the branches of nearby trees." Notably, his accounts have been widely disputed by historians, who pointed out his reliance on three partial eyewitness accounts 40 years
276:. This was done despite the official statement of the British Foreign Office policy after the Yalta Conference, that only Soviet citizens who had been such after 1 September 1939 were to be compelled to return to the Soviet Union or handed over to Soviet officials in other locations (see the
384:
The most unpleasant aspect of this unpleasant business was the fear these people displayed. Involuntarily one began to look over one's shoulder. I heard so many threats to commit suicide from people who feared repatriation that it became almost commonplace. And they were not
332:, was not repatriated, ostensibly because Galicia had belonged to Poland prior to September 1939, but in reality because MI6 wished to use the prisoners in future operations. The officer in charge of screening the 14th Division for war criminals,
162:
Three volumes of records, entitled "Forcible
Repatriation of Displaced Soviet Citizens-Operation Keelhaul," were classified Top Secret by the U.S. Army on September 18, 1948, and bear the secret file number 383.7-14.1.
299:. Applying the "McNarney-Clark Directive", subjects who had served in the German Army were selected for shipment, starting on 14 August 1946. The transfer was codenamed "East Wind" and took place at
4291:
2806:
4296:
2159:
4157:
2175:
4276:
4281:
2098:
2070:
1214:
325:
2502:
4286:
4136:
2815:
1636:
3118:
2481:
1790:
1415:
2131:
2077:
1263:
2588:
316:
On the other side of the exchange, the Soviet leadership found out that despite the demands set forth by Stalin, British intelligence was retaining a number of anti-Communist
283:
The actual "Operation
Keelhaul" was the last forced repatriation and involved the selection and subsequent transfer of approximately one thousand "Russians" from the camps of
2084:
1700:
4316:
116:, the forced repatriation of people in danger of persecution, is a human rights violation and breach of international law. Thus Operation Keelhaul would have been called a
1110:
437:
4321:
965:
2474:
1921:
1797:
4311:
1774:
1154:
2211:
1523:
4306:
2030:
1332:
4029:
2822:
2785:
2762:
2283:
1205:
1175:
2915:
1975:
2771:
2755:
2727:
2495:
1182:
3672:
2739:
2651:
2595:
2558:
2551:
1840:
427:
277:
216:
2644:
1376:
2691:
408:
allegations made by
Tolstoy related to this operation. Tolstoy lost the case in the British courts; he avoided paying damages by declaring bankruptcy.
4150:
2778:
1168:
1126:
3999:
1818:
1592:
1355:
1221:
1032:
2894:
1728:
1228:
1140:
1076:
187:, but also extended to all Soviet citizens, irrespective of their wishes. In exchange, the Soviet government agreed to hand over several thousand
3097:
2609:
1459:
997:
442:
184:
3693:
3125:
2871:
2746:
1832:
1663:
1369:
1286:
950:
909:
641:
258:-Russians who had never been Soviet citizens. Some of them had fought for Nazi Germany against the Soviets during the war, including General
3926:
3333:
340:, an officer in the division as its basis, the Foreign Office issued a statement denying the 14th division had been involved in war crimes.
3219:
2384:
1851:
1847:
1825:
1429:
3841:
3305:
2637:
2623:
1836:
3919:
3375:
1606:
307:
on 8 and 9 May 1947. This operation marked the end of forced repatriations to the Soviet Union after World War II, and ran parallel to
4050:
3797:
3090:
3041:
2799:
2354:
1445:
1293:
1147:
2105:
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3020:
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2419:
2138:
936:
687:
565:
528:
422:
204:
3361:
4203:
3598:
3298:
2537:
2433:
2269:
1946:
1392:
333:
3557:
2329:
3727:
3568:
3393:
3152:
3111:
3004:
2942:
1599:
1468:
1436:
3963:
3756:
2993:
2116:
4113:
4085:
2444:
2166:
1806:
1537:
1256:
1161:
1046:
121:
4057:
3988:
3813:
3027:
827:
743:
4173:
4106:
3319:
3270:
3034:
2630:
2391:
2182:
1235:
452:
401:
368:
243:
4247:
4143:
3518:
3479:
2398:
2233:
2218:
2145:
2124:
1942:
1620:
1406:
1399:
1383:
1094:
1053:
1025:
156:
151:
forces between 14 August 1946 and 9 May 1947. Anti-communist
Yugoslavs and Hungarians, including members of the fascist
962:
4210:
3534:
3486:
3104:
3076:
2929:
2544:
2523:
2044:
1707:
1103:
614:
4008:
3212:
1613:
3504:
3423:
3368:
3256:
2862:
2488:
2412:
2314:
2191:
2063:
2056:
2016:
1989:
1721:
1654:
1321:
1249:
1060:
990:
4301:
3910:
3827:
3612:
3472:
3444:
3277:
3182:
2972:
2405:
1479:
1133:
26:
3649:
3626:
2878:
2679:
2672:
2336:
1996:
1968:
1961:
1684:
1348:
329:
868:
4071:
4015:
3885:
3745:
3430:
3083:
2979:
2885:
2453:
2321:
2291:
2255:
2240:
2112:
2004:
1982:
1928:
1914:
1896:
1560:
1341:
1069:
1018:
432:
304:
251:
247:
109:
3763:
3656:
3458:
3409:
3312:
3205:
3175:
2958:
2846:
2572:
2363:
1954:
1935:
1905:
1452:
1422:
417:
389:
188:
176:
2426:
4254:
3977:
3820:
3716:
3686:
3642:
3382:
3347:
3340:
3263:
3161:
2602:
2579:
2037:
1574:
1314:
1300:
983:
1629:
4078:
3933:
3584:
3541:
3511:
3437:
3247:
3226:
2152:
1307:
309:
4196:
3970:
3848:
3804:
3326:
2460:
2226:
1753:
1583:
1567:
1516:
556:
98:
4189:
4022:
3947:
3901:
3871:
3779:
3619:
3284:
3168:
3062:
3013:
2951:
2707:
2658:
2467:
2370:
2091:
1746:
1677:
501:
4234:
255:
97:, who did not have Soviet citizenship) after World War II. While forced repatriation focused on
85:
was a forced repatriation of Soviet citizens and members of the Soviet Army in the West to the
16:
1946–1947 forced repatriation of
Hungarian, Soviet, and Yugoslav refugees by the Western Allies
4180:
4064:
3954:
3894:
3855:
3788:
3770:
3736:
3679:
3633:
3577:
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3069:
2922:
2516:
2048:
1693:
1670:
1509:
1488:
1198:
946:
932:
905:
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683:
561:
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129:
679:
582:
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3451:
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3055:
2908:
2855:
2665:
2616:
2530:
1760:
1737:
1270:
927:
797:
485:
447:
367:, a former British Army captain, was Tolstoy's chief witness in the libel action brought by
356:
after delivering a shipment of people to the Soviet authorities: "The
Americans returned to
208:
172:
94:
58:
4122:
3834:
3749:
3707:
3605:
3548:
3416:
3198:
3189:
2718:
2300:
2276:
1872:
1530:
969:
551:
353:
349:
317:
657:
Soldiers Of
Misfortune: Washington's Secret Betrayal of American POWs in the Soviet Union
128:, many of whom had never been Soviet citizens, having fled Russia before the end of the
4129:
3665:
3591:
1643:
1502:
854:
474:"The Principle ofNon-RefoulementAnd the De-Territorialization of Border Control at Sea"
364:
337:
321:
212:
200:
144:
136:
90:
4270:
3940:
1865:
1714:
1553:
505:
273:
259:
148:
672:
4239:
4043:
2343:
2248:
1879:
1242:
1006:
396:." He contributed to a legal defense fund set up to help Tolstoy, who was sued for
393:
380:
Ghinghis Guirey, an
American on one of the repatriation screening teams, reported:
300:
220:
180:
86:
899:
747:
3878:
3864:
3526:
2202:
2023:
2008:
1362:
801:
269:
246:
with their relatives, who were transported from the Western occupation zones of
228:
113:
788:
Pavlowitch, Stevan K. (January 1989). "The Minister and the Massacres review".
473:
3233:
2986:
2965:
1858:
1191:
1119:
489:
405:
774:
521:
Operation Keelhaul; The Story of Forced Repatriation from 1944 to the Present
497:
3496:
2901:
2698:
2509:
2307:
2262:
1279:
357:
234:
191:
prisoners of war whom they had liberated from German prisoner of war camps.
179:
would return all Soviet citizens who found themselves in their zones to the
117:
63:
Repatriation of all Soviet and formerly-Russian refugees to the Soviet Union
1783:
152:
1767:
1495:
901:
MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service
296:
199:
The refugee columns fleeing the Soviet-occupied parts of Europe included
284:
239:
140:
105:
2377:
288:
264:
2565:
761:
Horne, Alistair (5 February 1990). "The unquiet graves of Yalta".
397:
159:, were also forcibly repatriated to their respective governments.
125:
817:, Chapter 12. 2. "Bleiburg: The Massacre That Never Was", p. 188.
292:
979:
975:
931:, originally published in London, 1977. Revised edition 1979.
313:
that helped Soviet defectors to escape from the Soviet Union.
101:
320:
under orders from Churchill, with the intention of reviving "
215:, the vast majority of whom were Soviet prisoners of war and
112:
members, it included many other people under Allied control.
655:
Sanders, James D; Sauter, Mark A; Kirkwood, R Cort (1992).
124:, especially in regards to the many civilians forced into
725:
723:
238:
units were forcibly repatriated. These included Russian
226:
Soviet subjects who had volunteered for the German Army
1637:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
36:
14 August 1946 – 9 May 1947
3998:
3726:
3567:
3392:
3151:
3003:
2941:
2845:
2836:
2717:
2443:
2353:
2201:
1904:
1895:
1653:
1478:
1331:
1093:
1086:
89:(although it often included former soldiers of the
72:
51:
32:
4292:American collusion with Soviet World War II crimes
671:
438:Soviet repressions against former prisoners of war
352:described the scene of Americans returning to the
205:Nazi collaborators from eastern European countries
4297:British collusion with Soviet World War II crimes
4277:Aftermath of World War II in the United Kingdom
66:Repatriation of Yugoslav and Hungarian refugees
4282:Aftermath of World War II in the United States
250:to the Soviet occupation zones of Austria and
4287:Aftermath of World War II in the Soviet Union
991:
8:
19:
428:Repatriation of Cossacks after World War II
278:Repatriation of Cossacks after World War II
2842:
1901:
1090:
998:
984:
976:
392:called this operation "the last secret of
183:. This immediately affected the liberated
18:
581:Goldstein, Ivo and Slavko (29 May 2019).
546:
544:
542:
540:
904:(reprint ed.). Simon and Schuster.
608:
606:
604:
560:. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 360.
464:
2823:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
729:
714:
702:
619:San Jose State University ScholarWorks
443:Swedish extradition of Baltic soldiers
4317:Soviet Union–United Kingdom relations
4307:People extradited to the Soviet Union
3694:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
3126:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
2772:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
2728:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
1833:Rape during the occupation of Germany
57:Fulfillment of the conditions of the
7:
4322:Soviet Union–United States relations
2816:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
1848:Rape during the liberation of France
828:"Accounting For Britain's War Crime"
642:"Patriots ignore greatest brutality"
583:"Ne, Jasenovac i Bleiburg nisu isto"
4312:Post–World War II forced migrations
746:. Boston University. Archived from
523:. Devin-Adair Pub. pp. 82–90.
478:Leiden Journal of International Law
211:' from the Soviet Union already in
195:Treatment of prisoners and refugees
3042:German invasion of the Netherlands
1322:Weather events during World War II
849:Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr I (1974).
14:
3673:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
640:Sheehan, Paul (August 13, 2007).
472:TREVISANUT, SELINE (2014-07-24).
423:Collaboration during World War II
135:The operation was carried out in
4233:
963:Return to the scene of the crime
814:
613:Hummel, Jeffrey Rogers (1974).
328:, recruited from Ukrainians in
254:. Among those handed over were
3920:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
1630:Territorial changes of Germany
1538:Indonesian National Revolution
830:. spectator.co.uk. 20 May 1995
326:14th Waffen Grenadier Division
171:One of the conclusions of the
122:international humanitarian law
1:
3320:Japanese invasion of Thailand
3271:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
3035:German invasion of Luxembourg
1416:Mediterranean and Middle East
790:The English Historical Review
453:XVth SS Cossack Cavalry Corps
244:XVth SS Cossack Cavalry Corps
207:. They added to the mass of '
76:United Kingdom, United States
3227:Invasion of the Soviet Union
2916:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
2234:Independent State of Croatia
644:. The Sydney Morning Herald.
615:"Operation Keelhaul—Exposed"
157:Jasenovac concentration camp
4211:End of World War II in Asia
4051:Western invasion of Germany
3558:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
3535:Second Battle of El Alamein
3105:Hundred Regiments Offensive
3077:Battle of the Mediterranean
2930:Italian invasion of Albania
1104:Air warfare of World War II
4338:
4137:Naval bombardment of Japan
3505:First Battle of El Alamein
3424:Battle of Christmas Island
3369:Japanese invasion of Burma
3133:Italian invasion of Greece
3049:German invasion of Belgium
3021:German invasion of Denmark
2994:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
2863:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
1127:Comparative military ranks
400:in a 1989 case brought by
4226:
4058:Bratislava–Brno offensive
3989:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
3613:Allied invasion of Sicily
3473:Aleutian Islands campaign
3445:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
3383:Greek famine of 1941–1944
3278:Second Battle of Changsha
3183:German invasion of Greece
3028:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
1370:North and Central Pacific
1013:
875:. London. 9 December 2000
802:10.1093/ehr/civ.ccccx.274
490:10.1017/s0922156514000259
27:aftermath of World War II
24:
3650:Allied invasion of Italy
3627:Solomon Islands campaign
3376:Third Battle of Changsha
2973:First Battle of Changsha
2879:Second Sino-Japanese War
1819:German military brothels
1685:United States war crimes
898:Dorril, Stephen (2002).
519:Epstein, Julius (1973).
4072:Second Guangxi campaign
3927:Philippines (1944–1945)
3431:Battle of the Coral Sea
3334:Fall of the Philippines
2980:Battle of South Guangxi
2886:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
2292:Italian Social Republic
670:Costello, John (1988).
659:. National Press Books.
433:Russian Liberation Army
252:Allied-occupied Germany
248:Allied-occupied Austria
185:Soviet prisoners of war
110:Russian Liberation Army
3657:Armistice of Cassibile
3459:Battle of Dutch Harbor
3410:Battle of the Java Sea
3313:Attack on Pearl Harbor
3213:Syria–Lebanon campaign
3206:Battle of South Shanxi
3176:Invasion of Yugoslavia
2959:Battle of the Atlantic
2573:Korean Liberation Army
2286:(until September 1943)
2243:(until September 1944)
2221:(until September 1944)
972:Rutland Herald Online.
742:Murray-Brown, Jeremy.
418:Bleiburg repatriations
390:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
387:
378:
371:. In 1995, he wrote:
3821:Second Battle of Guam
3717:Bengal famine of 1943
3687:Second Battle of Kiev
3643:Battle of the Dnieper
3348:Battle of Wake Island
3220:East African campaign
3162:Battle of South Henan
2807:atrocities by Germans
2580:Korean Volunteer Army
1561:Occupation of Germany
1315:Music in World War II
945:, Devin-Adair, 1973.
851:The Gulag Archipelago
744:"A footnote to Yalta"
382:
373:
175:was that the western
4107:Surrender of Germany
3585:Battle of West Hubei
3542:Guadalcanal campaign
3512:Battle of Stalingrad
3438:Battle of Madagascar
2212:Albania protectorate
1999:(formerly Swaziland)
1708:Wehrmacht war crimes
1524:Expulsion of Germans
1308:Art and World War II
1206:British contribution
1155:Governments in exile
155:regime that ran the
4197:Potsdam Declaration
4086:Italy (Spring 1945)
3849:Liberation of Paris
3306:Siege of Sevastopol
2324:(until August 1944)
2227:Wang Jingwei regime
2049:from September 1943
2009:from September 1944
1947:from September 1944
1807:Romanian war crimes
1798:Persecution of Jews
1784:Croatian war crimes
1754:Japanese war crimes
1568:Occupation of Japan
1517:First Indochina War
1229:Military production
1141:Declarations of war
705:, pp. 203–204.
557:The Secret Betrayal
99:Soviet Armed Forces
21:
4190:Surrender of Japan
4023:Battle of Iwo Jima
3872:Belgrade offensive
3285:Siege of Leningrad
3169:Battle of Shanggao
3098:British Somaliland
3063:Dunkirk evacuation
3014:Norwegian campaign
2952:Invasion of Poland
2779:Japanese prisoners
1747:Italian war crimes
1678:British war crimes
1593:Soviet occupations
1377:South-West Pacific
1264:Allied cooperation
1222:Military equipment
968:2017-01-09 at the
943:Operation Keelhaul
925:Tolstoy, Nikolai.
348:British historian
83:Operation Keelhaul
20:Operation Keelhaul
4264:
4263:
4222:
4221:
4065:Battle of Okinawa
3964:Burma (1944–1945)
3798:Mariana and Palau
3578:Tunisian campaign
3403:Fall of Singapore
3327:Fall of Hong Kong
3070:Battle of Britain
2923:Operation Himmler
2832:
2831:
2496:Dutch East Indies
2139:Southern Rhodesia
1891:
1890:
1791:Genocide of Serbs
1694:German war crimes
1671:Soviet war crimes
1664:Allied war crimes
1510:Division of Korea
1489:Chinese Civil War
1287:Strategic bombing
1199:Manhattan Project
951:978-0-8159-6407-0
941:Epstein, Julius.
911:978-0-743-21778-1
674:Mask of Treachery
324:operations". The
209:displaced persons
203:, civilians, and
130:Russian Civil War
126:Soviet work camps
80:
79:
4329:
4302:Forced migration
4257:
4250:
4243:
4240:World portal
4238:
4237:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4160:
4153:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4100:Prague offensive
4095:
4093:Battle of Berlin
4088:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4037:Vienna offensive
4032:
4025:
4018:
4016:Battle of Manila
4011:
3991:
3982:
3973:
3966:
3957:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3906:
3897:
3890:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3860:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3800:
3793:
3784:
3775:
3766:
3759:
3757:Korsun–Cherkassy
3752:
3741:
3719:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3668:
3659:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3601:
3599:Bombing of Gorky
3594:
3587:
3580:
3560:
3553:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3466:Battle of Midway
3461:
3454:
3452:Battle of Gazala
3447:
3440:
3433:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3405:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3362:Battle of Borneo
3357:
3355:Malayan campaign
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3299:Bombing of Gorky
3294:
3292:Battle of Moscow
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3164:
3144:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3056:Battle of France
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2909:Munich Agreement
2904:
2897:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2865:
2858:
2843:
2825:
2818:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2794:Soviet prisoners
2788:
2781:
2774:
2765:
2758:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2734:German prisoners
2730:
2710:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2582:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2540:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2415:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2373:
2366:
2346:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2294:
2287:
2279:
2272:
2270:French Indochina
2265:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2214:
2194:
2185:
2178:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2117:from August 1944
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2000:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1902:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1843:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1809:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1761:Nanjing Massacre
1756:
1749:
1740:
1738:Nuremberg trials
1731:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1666:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1579:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1540:
1533:
1526:
1519:
1512:
1505:
1498:
1491:
1471:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1386:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1344:
1342:Asia and Pacific
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1273:
1271:Mulberry harbour
1266:
1259:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1113:
1106:
1091:
1079:
1072:
1063:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1000:
993:
986:
977:
928:Victims of Yalta
915:
885:
884:
882:
880:
869:"Lord Aldington"
865:
859:
858:
846:
840:
839:
837:
835:
824:
818:
812:
806:
805:
796:(410): 274–276.
785:
779:
778:
758:
752:
751:
739:
733:
727:
718:
712:
706:
700:
694:
693:
677:
667:
661:
660:
652:
646:
645:
637:
631:
630:
628:
626:
610:
599:
598:
596:
594:
578:
572:
571:
548:
535:
534:
516:
510:
509:
469:
448:Western betrayal
173:Yalta Conference
167:Yalta Conference
95:Russian Republic
59:Yalta Conference
47:
45:
41:
22:
4337:
4336:
4332:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4232:
4230:
4218:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4156:
4151:Atomic bombings
4149:
4142:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4112:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4007:
3994:
3987:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3925:
3918:
3909:
3900:
3893:
3884:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3854:
3847:
3842:Eastern Romania
3840:
3835:Warsaw Uprising
3833:
3828:Tannenberg Line
3826:
3819:
3814:Western Ukraine
3812:
3803:
3796:
3787:
3778:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3744:
3735:
3722:
3715:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3632:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3606:Battle of Kursk
3604:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3563:
3556:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3524:
3517:
3510:
3503:
3494:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3429:
3422:
3417:St Nazaire Raid
3415:
3408:
3401:
3388:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3241:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3199:Anglo-Iraqi War
3197:
3190:Battle of Crete
3188:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3160:
3147:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3119:Eastern Romania
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2964:
2957:
2950:
2937:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2861:
2854:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2805:
2798:
2793:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2761:
2754:
2745:
2738:
2733:
2726:
2713:
2706:
2697:
2690:
2685:
2680:Western Ukraine
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2624:Northeast China
2622:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2418:
2411:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2330:Slovak Republic
2328:
2320:
2313:
2306:
2301:Empire of Japan
2299:
2290:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2217:
2210:
2197:
2190:
2181:
2174:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2003:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1887:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1846:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1813:Sexual violence
1812:
1805:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1736:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1628:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1582:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1543:
1536:
1531:Greek Civil War
1529:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1474:
1467:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1414:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1356:South-East Asia
1354:
1347:
1340:
1327:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1215:Military awards
1213:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1109:
1102:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1059:
1052:
1045:
1040:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1009:
1004:
970:Wayback Machine
959:
922:
920:Further reading
912:
897:
894:
889:
888:
878:
876:
867:
866:
862:
853:. Vol. 1.
848:
847:
843:
833:
831:
826:
825:
821:
813:
809:
787:
786:
782:
763:National Review
760:
759:
755:
741:
740:
736:
728:
721:
713:
709:
701:
697:
690:
669:
668:
664:
654:
653:
649:
639:
638:
634:
624:
622:
612:
611:
602:
592:
590:
580:
579:
575:
568:
552:Nikolai Tolstoy
550:
549:
538:
531:
518:
517:
513:
471:
470:
466:
461:
414:
354:internment camp
350:Nikolai Tolstoy
346:
334:Fitzroy Maclean
310:Operation Fling
217:forced laborers
201:anti-communists
197:
169:
43:
39:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4335:
4333:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4269:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4170:
4167:South Sakhalin
4163:
4162:
4161:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4103:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4004:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3967:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3944:
3937:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3907:
3898:
3891:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3801:
3794:
3785:
3776:
3767:
3760:
3753:
3742:
3732:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3704:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3646:
3639:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3595:
3592:Battle of Attu
3588:
3581:
3573:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3554:
3545:
3538:
3531:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3501:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3483:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3398:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3341:Battle of Guam
3337:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3274:
3267:
3264:Battle of Kiev
3260:
3253:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3009:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2947:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2882:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2851:
2849:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2775:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2763:United Kingdom
2759:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2731:
2723:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2695:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2576:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2449:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2359:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2167:British Empire
2160:United Kingdom
2156:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2041:
2034:
2027:
2020:
2013:
2001:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1976:Czechoslovakia
1972:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1910:
1908:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1876:
1873:Rape of Manila
1869:
1862:
1855:
1844:
1829:
1822:
1810:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1794:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1750:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1725:
1711:
1704:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1644:United Nations
1640:
1633:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1617:
1610:
1603:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1503:Decolonization
1499:
1492:
1484:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1449:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1403:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1337:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1267:
1253:
1246:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1195:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1179:
1176:United Kingdom
1172:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1099:
1097:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1022:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1003:
1002:
995:
988:
980:
974:
973:
958:
957:External links
955:
954:
953:
939:
921:
918:
917:
916:
910:
893:
890:
887:
886:
860:
855:Harper and Row
841:
819:
807:
780:
753:
750:on 2008-05-16.
734:
732:, p. 205.
719:
717:, p. 204.
707:
695:
688:
662:
647:
632:
600:
573:
566:
536:
529:
511:
484:(3): 661–675.
463:
462:
460:
457:
456:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
413:
410:
402:Lord Aldington
369:Lord Aldington
365:Nigel Nicolson
345:
342:
338:Pavlo Shandruk
213:Western Europe
196:
193:
189:western Allied
168:
165:
137:Northern Italy
91:Russian Empire
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
68:
67:
64:
61:
53:
49:
48:
34:
30:
29:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4334:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4256:
4252:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:Kuril Islands
4171:
4168:
4164:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4108:
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4017:
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3972:
3968:
3965:
3961:
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3941:Syrmian Front
3938:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3924:
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3917:
3914:
3913:
3908:
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3904:
3899:
3896:
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3887:Market Garden
3883:
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3866:
3862:
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3746:Monte Cassino
3743:
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3142:
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3116:
3113:
3112:Baltic states
3109:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3092:
3088:
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2783:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2756:United States
2753:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2692:Quốc dân Đảng
2689:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2667:
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2428:
2424:
2421:
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2407:
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2400:
2396:
2393:
2392:Liechtenstein
2389:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
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2213:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:United States
2173:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2096:
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2082:
2079:
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2068:
2065:
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2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1866:Comfort women
1863:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1850: /
1849:
1845:
1842:
1839: /
1838:
1835: /
1834:
1830:
1827:
1826:Camp brothels
1823:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1799:
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1792:
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1755:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:The Holocaust
1712:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1701:forced labour
1698:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1668:
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1661:
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1597:
1596:
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1590:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1554:Marshall Plan
1551:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1507:
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1497:
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1457:
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1447:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1407:Eastern Front
1404:
1401:
1400:Western Front
1397:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1294:Puppet states
1291:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1236:Naval history
1233:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1183:United States
1180:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1135:
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1128:
1124:
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1117:
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1105:
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1098:
1096:
1092:
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1074:
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1058:
1055:
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1030:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1001:
996:
994:
989:
987:
982:
981:
978:
971:
967:
964:
961:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
938:
937:0-552-11030-2
934:
930:
929:
924:
923:
919:
913:
907:
903:
902:
896:
895:
891:
874:
870:
864:
861:
857:. p. 85.
856:
852:
845:
842:
829:
823:
820:
816:
811:
808:
803:
799:
795:
791:
784:
781:
776:
772:
768:
764:
757:
754:
749:
745:
738:
735:
731:
726:
724:
720:
716:
711:
708:
704:
699:
696:
691:
689:9780688044831
685:
681:
676:
675:
666:
663:
658:
651:
648:
643:
636:
633:
620:
616:
609:
607:
605:
601:
589:(in Croatian)
588:
584:
577:
574:
569:
567:0-684-15635-0
563:
559:
558:
553:
547:
545:
543:
541:
537:
532:
530:9780815964070
526:
522:
515:
512:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
468:
465:
458:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
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439:
436:
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431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
415:
411:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
381:
377:
372:
370:
366:
362:
359:
355:
351:
343:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
311:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
281:
279:
275:
274:Pyotr Krasnov
271:
267:
266:
261:
260:Andrei Shkuro
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
236:
231:
230:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
194:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
166:
164:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
133:
131:
127:
123:
120:under modern
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
75:
71:
65:
62:
60:
56:
55:
54:
50:
35:
31:
28:
23:
4248:Bibliography
4231:
4044:Project Hula
4009:Vistula–Oder
3978:
3911:
3902:
3886:
3856:
3805:
3789:
3780:
3771:
3737:
3634:
3549:
3525:
3495:
3246:
3139:
3084:North Africa
2786:Soviet Union
2740:Soviet Union
2666:Soviet Union
2434:Vatican City
2344:Vichy France
2249:German Reich
2146:Soviet Union
2132:South Africa
2125:Sierra Leone
2078:Newfoundland
1897:Participants
1880:Marocchinate
1584:
1575:
1545:
1544:
1423:North Africa
1384:Indian Ocean
1243:Nazi plunder
1134:Cryptography
1007:World War II
942:
926:
900:
877:. Retrieved
873:The Guardian
872:
863:
850:
844:
832:. Retrieved
822:
815:Booker, 1997
810:
793:
789:
783:
766:
762:
756:
748:the original
737:
710:
698:
673:
665:
656:
650:
635:
623:. Retrieved
618:
591:. Retrieved
586:
576:
555:
520:
514:
481:
477:
467:
394:World War II
388:
383:
379:
374:
363:
361:afterwards.
347:
315:
308:
301:St. Valentin
282:
263:
256:White émigré
233:
227:
225:
221:Ost-Arbeiter
198:
181:Soviet Union
170:
161:
134:
87:Soviet Union
82:
81:
25:Part of the
3979:Bodenplatte
3865:Gothic Line
3091:West Africa
2638:Philippines
2617:Netherlands
2482:Czech lands
2420:Switzerland
2364:Afghanistan
2315:Philippines
2183:Puerto Rico
2099:Philippines
2085:New Zealand
2071:Netherlands
2024:Free France
1775:Prosecution
1576:Osoaviakhim
1446:West Africa
1430:East Africa
1077:Conferences
730:Dorril 2002
715:Dorril 2002
703:Dorril 2002
587:Autograf.hr
322:anti-Soviet
270:Don Cossack
229:Ostlegionen
114:Refoulement
73:Perpetrator
4271:Categories
4079:West Hunan
3912:Pointblank
3248:Silver Fox
3234:Summer War
2987:Winter War
2966:Phoney War
2747:Azerbaijan
2708:Yugoslavia
2603:Luxembourg
2445:Resistance
2192:Yugoslavia
2057:Luxembourg
1859:Sook Ching
1655:War crimes
1257:Technology
1250:Opposition
1192:Lend-Lease
1169:Australian
1162:Home front
1120:Blitzkrieg
1070:Casualties
1061:Commanders
1033:Operations
834:28 January
678:. p.
625:28 January
459:References
406:war crimes
44:1947-05-09
40:1946-08-14
4144:Manchuria
4030:Indochina
3806:Bagration
3257:Lithuania
2902:Anschluss
2699:Viet Minh
2596:Lithuania
2538:Hong Kong
2308:Manchukuo
2263:Azad Hind
1922:Australia
1722:Aftermath
1585:Paperclip
1480:Aftermath
1280:Total war
1148:Diplomacy
1111:In Europe
775:0028-0038
506:145445428
498:0922-1565
358:Plattling
318:prisoners
235:Waffen SS
118:war crime
4255:Category
4204:document
4114:document
3971:Ardennes
3955:Budapest
3903:Crossbow
3781:Overlord
3620:Smolensk
2838:Timeline
2673:Slovakia
2659:Thailand
2510:Ethiopia
2475:Bulgaria
2399:Portugal
2337:Thailand
2219:Bulgaria
1997:Eswatini
1990:Ethiopia
1943:Bulgaria
1768:Unit 731
1729:Response
1546:Keelhaul
1496:Cold War
1469:Americas
1460:timeline
1453:Atlantic
1333:Theaters
966:Archived
554:(1977).
412:See also
385:fooling.
297:Riccione
262:and the
240:Cossacks
149:American
42: –
4181:Shumshu
3948:Hungary
3895:Estonia
3879:Lapland
3857:Dragoon
3790:Neptune
3772:Ichi-Go
3738:Tempest
3680:Changde
3635:Cottage
3527:Jubilee
3243:Finland
3141:Compass
2847:Prelude
2800:Finland
2686:Vietnam
2652:Romania
2524:Germany
2503:Estonia
2489:Denmark
2468:Belgium
2461:Austria
2454:Albania
2385:Ireland
2371:Andorra
2355:Neutral
2322:Romania
2256:Hungary
2241:Finland
2113:Romania
2005:Finland
1983:Denmark
1929:Belgium
1915:Algeria
1621:Romania
1607:Hungary
1363:Pacific
1087:General
1041:Leaders
1026:Battles
1019:Outline
593:15 June
344:Critics
330:Galicia
305:Austria
285:Bagnoli
268:of the
242:of the
232:and/or
145:British
141:Germany
106:Germany
38: (
4158:Debate
4130:Taipei
4123:Borneo
3701:Tarawa
2895:Europe
2856:Africa
2645:Poland
2631:Norway
2610:Malaya
2589:Latvia
2531:Greece
2517:France
2413:Sweden
2378:Bhutan
2106:Poland
2092:Norway
2064:Mexico
2031:Greece
2017:France
1955:Canada
1936:Brazil
1906:Allies
1852:Serbia
1841:Poland
1614:Poland
1600:Baltic
1393:Europe
1095:Topics
1047:Allied
949:
935:
908:
879:25 May
773:
769:: 27.
686:
564:
527:
504:
496:
295:, and
289:Aversa
265:Ataman
177:Allies
153:Ustaše
52:Motive
3934:Leyte
3764:Narva
3750:Anzio
3708:Makin
3666:Burma
3550:Torch
3519:Rzhev
3480:Kiska
2566:Korea
2552:Japan
2545:Italy
2427:Tibet
2406:Spain
2284:Italy
2045:Italy
2038:India
1962:China
1837:Japan
1437:Italy
1349:China
1301:Women
892:Books
621:: 4–9
502:S2CID
404:over
398:libel
272:host
4000:1945
3728:1944
3569:1943
3497:Blue
3487:Attu
3394:1942
3153:1941
3005:1940
2943:1939
2872:Asia
2719:POWs
2559:Jews
2277:Iraq
2203:Axis
2153:Tuva
1969:Cuba
1054:Axis
947:ISBN
933:ISBN
906:ISBN
881:2010
836:2020
771:ISSN
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