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530:), with largely separate markets and strictly regulated fare levels that minimized competition. Pressure from the United States, which sought to introduce new U.S. carriers to the transpacific market in the 1980s, led Japan to gradually deregulate its market in the form of cheap packaged-tour fares and an increased international role for ANA in the 1980s and 1990s, followed by the advent of new domestic carriers such as
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nations, aviation law is considered a federal or state-level concern and is regulated at that level. In the U.S., states cannot govern aviation matters in most cases directly but look to federal laws and case law for this function instead. For example, in 2008, The United States Court of
Appeals for
311:
laws can require an airport to be located away from residential areas, and airport usage can be restricted to certain times of day. State product-liabilities law are not pre-empted by federal law and in most cases, aviation manufacturers may be held strictly liable for defects in aviation products.
369:, several nations signed bilateral agreements regarding the legal status of international flights, and during the war, several nations took the step of prohibiting flights over their territory. Several competing multilateral treaty regimes were established in the wake of the war, including the
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the Second
Circuit struck down New York's Passenger Bill of Rights law because regulation of aviation is traditionally a federal concern. Aviation law, however, is not in the United States held under the same federal mandate of
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that followed World War II. While the early domestic air travel market was lightly regulated and highly competitive, the government implemented a regulation system in 1970 which limited service to three carriers
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of 1978 was a watershed in the U.S. air transportation industry, and it greatly increased the regulatory workload of the FAA as new operators were allowed to apply for operating certificates.
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provides for the administration of admiralty, it does not provide such for aviation law. States and municipalities do have some indirect regulation over aviation. For example,
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due to the nature of air travel. However, the business aspects of airlines and their regulation also fall under aviation law. In the international realm, the
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declared sovereignty over its airspace and enacted basic aviation regulations in 1921, forming a state-owned Civil Air Fleet in 1923 which became known as
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of 1899 set a five-year moratorium on the use of balloons in combat operations, which was not renewed by the Second Hague
Conference (1907). Prior to
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in 1932. Other communist states followed a similar pattern in establishing state-controlled entities for civil aviation, such as the
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devoted to overseeing civil aviation. The convention also provided various general principles governing international air service.
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The lack of uniformity in international air law, particularly with regard to the liability of international airlines, led to the
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to the owner of the underlying land. The first law specifically applicable to aircraft was a local ordinance enacted in
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279:(ICAO) provides general rules and mediates international concerns to an extent regarding aviation law. The ICAO is a
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of 1963 enacted new international standards for the treatment of criminal offenses on or involving aircraft. The
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of 1938 formed the early basis for regulation of domestic air transportation. The United States established a
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Japan enacted a legal regime governing civil aviation in 1952, after a brief moratorium during the
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267:, and associated legal and business concerns. Some of its area of concern overlaps that of
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of 1999 updated the carrier liability provisions of the Warsaw
Convention, while the
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612:"An Historical Survey of International Air Law Before the Second World War"
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373:, Ibero-American Convention (1926) and the Havana Convention (1928). The
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583:"Air Transport v. Cuomo, 520 F.3d 218 | Casetext Search + Citator"
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735:"JAPAN'S AVIATION INDUSTRY: DEREGULATION ADVANCES ON BROAD FRONT"
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of 2001 created an international regime for the registration of
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and other ancient land systems generally granted all rights in
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and, in many cases, aviation law is considered a matter of
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Air route authority between the United States and China
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1963:
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in aircraft and certain other large movable assets.
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103:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
393:Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation
1416:Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives
477:United States government role in civil aviation
377:(IATA) was founded in 1919 in a conference at
1979:
772:
188:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
453:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
399:. It provided for the establishment of the
66:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1986:
1972:
1964:
779:
765:
757:
499:United States Department of Transportation
401:International Civil Aviation Organization
277:International Civil Aviation Organization
244:Learn how and when to remove this message
226:Learn how and when to remove this message
163:Learn how and when to remove this message
3131:History of the American legal profession
574:
375:International Air Transport Association
353:Development of public international law
605:
603:
463:in the People's Republic of China and
461:Civil Aviation Administration of China
7:
733:Alexander, Arthur J. (26 May 2000).
101:adding citations to reliable sources
430:Development of national regulations
341:in 1784, one year after the first
25:
2115:Restitution and unjust enrichment
1354:Environmental effects of aviation
714:. Federal Aviation Administration
290:In the United States and in most
47:This article has multiple issues.
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3161:
3147:
179:
77:
36:
3126:History of the legal profession
1948:Aviation taxation and subsidies
1907:Aircraft maintenance technician
1719:Pre-flight safety demonstration
1488:Intergovernmental organizations
739:Japan Economic Institute Report
495:Federal Aviation Administration
439:The United Kingdom enacted the
88:needs additional citations for
55:or discuss these issues on the
1:
1827:Flight cancellation and delay
1421:European Common Aviation Area
654:The Ibero-American Convention
497:, a unit of the newly formed
1782:Airline reservations system
1734:Special visual flight rules
395:was signed in 1944, during
202:, discuss the issue on the
3220:
2793:International legal theory
2272:International slavery laws
2267:International human rights
2262:International criminal law
1837:Government contract flight
1699:Flight information service
1443:Hague Hijacking Convention
1436:EU–US Open Skies Agreement
1028:Pilot in command (Captain)
625:(1): 24–42. Archived from
493:in 1958, which became the
481:In the United States, the
474:
357:Balloons were used in the
305:United States Constitution
3141:
2846:Administration of justice
1694:Flight information region
1261:Low-cost carrier terminal
809:Airline holding companies
2623:Basic structure doctrine
2473:Natural and legal rights
2354:Public international law
1912:Aircraft ground handling
1754:Upper information region
1669:Civil aviation authority
1458:Paris Convention of 1919
542:Notable aviation lawyers
503:Airline Deregulation Act
371:Paris Convention of 1919
2803:Principle of typicality
2277:International trade law
1744:Terminal control center
1709:Instrument flight rules
1566:Baggage handling system
1372:Air transport agreement
1163:In-flight entertainment
491:Federal Aviation Agency
441:Air Navigation Act 1920
1869:Round-the-world ticket
1832:Frequent-flyer program
363:First Hague Conference
263:that concerns flight,
2798:Principle of legality
2557:Delegated legislation
2257:Intellectual property
1859:Passenger name record
1777:Airline booking ploys
1749:Uncontrolled airspace
1739:Terminal control area
1341:Environmental effects
1251:International airport
1158:Crew rest compartment
1111:Premium economy class
834:Non-scheduled airline
684:The Havana Convention
487:Civil Aeronautics Act
303:; that is, while the
3016:Barristers' chambers
2958:Legal representation
2896:Justice of the peace
2242:Financial regulation
1729:Special use airspace
1639:Airport crash tender
1629:Aircraft safety card
1394:Cross-strait charter
1388:Bermuda II Agreement
361:of 1870–71, and the
347:Montgolfier brothers
208:create a new article
200:improve this article
190:may not represent a
97:improve this article
3051:Election commission
2763:Expressive function
2292:Landlord–tenant law
2191:Consumer protection
1807:Codeshare agreement
1759:Visual flight rules
1684:Controlled airspace
1659:Area control center
1624:Air traffic service
1619:Air traffic control
1468:Sabotage Convention
1453:Montreal Convention
1431:Freedoms of the air
1121:Basic economy class
788:Commercial aviation
662:on 22 February 2017
416:Montreal Convention
3009:Legal institutions
2876:Lawsuit/Litigation
2866:Dispute resolution
2671:Catholic canon law
2379:State of emergency
2342:Will and testament
2066:Law of obligations
2019:Constitutional law
2009:Administrative law
1797:Bereavement flight
1411:Chicago Convention
1401:Beijing Convention
1390:(UK–US, 1978–2008)
1384:(UK–US, 1946–1978)
839:Passenger airlines
692:on 10 January 2017
619:McGill Law Journal
524:All Nippon Airways
424:security interests
320:Outer Space Treaty
281:specialized agency
3191:
3190:
2851:Constitutionalism
2773:Law and economics
2611:Act of parliament
2349:Product liability
2302:Legal archaeology
2227:Environmental law
2221:Entertainment law
2061:International law
1961:
1960:
1922:Flight dispatcher
1817:Electronic ticket
1792:Airline timetable
1634:Airport authority
1541:Baggage allowance
1478:Warsaw Convention
1382:Bermuda Agreement
1216:Airport rail link
1138:Aircraft seat map
1133:Aircraft lavatory
844:Regional airlines
829:Low-cost airlines
553:Stephen Latchford
467:in East Germany.
403:as a unit of the
386:Warsaw Convention
359:Franco-German War
273:international law
259:is the branch of
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210:, as appropriate.
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16:(Redirected from
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2975:Question of fact
2856:Criminal justice
2186:Construction law
2181:Conflict of laws
2146:Agricultural law
1988:
1981:
1974:
1965:
1689:Evacuation slide
1649:Airport security
1546:Baggage carousel
1473:Tokyo Convention
1406:Cape Town Treaty
1241:Domestic airport
1221:Airport terminal
1206:Airport check-in
1168:Inflight smoking
1053:Flight attendant
882:Vanilla Alliance
819:Charter airlines
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688:. Archived from
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658:. Archived from
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548:Kenneth Beaumont
532:Skymark Airlines
528:Japan Air System
485:of 1925 and the
420:Cape Town Treaty
412:Tokyo Convention
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3105:Political party
3078:Legal education
3066:Law enforcement
3046:Court of equity
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2980:Question of law
2933:Practice of law
2913:Judicial review
2827:
2778:Legal formalism
2758:Comparative law
2753:Contract theory
2736:
2656:Legal pluralism
2627:
2616:Act of Congress
2540:Executive order
2506:
2408:
2327:Nationality law
2252:Immigration law
2176:Competition law
2129:
1997:
1992:
1962:
1957:
1926:
1917:Baggage handler
1893:
1847:Open-jaw ticket
1822:Fare basis code
1769:Airline tickets
1763:
1704:Flight recorder
1606:Aviation safety
1600:
1576:Checked baggage
1561:Baggage handler
1556:Baggage reclaim
1522:
1482:
1463:Rome Convention
1358:
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1323:Travel document
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1058:Flight engineer
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686:, ICAO History"
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656:, ICAO History"
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632:on 5 March 2016
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610:Sand, Peter H.
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3154:Law portal
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2990:Trial advocacy
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2463:Letters patent
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2399:Unenforced law
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2171:Commercial law
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1953:Mile high club
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1889:Travel website
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520:Japan Airlines
510:
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475:Main article:
472:
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447:Communist bloc
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435:United Kingdom
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405:United Nations
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194:of the subject
192:worldwide view
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3036:Civil society
3034:
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3024:
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3019:
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3007:
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2661:Religious law
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2237:Financial law
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2222:
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2199:
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2196:Corporate law
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2120:Statutory law
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2015:
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2002:Core subjects
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1996:
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1931:Miscellaneous
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1851:Overbooking (
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1571:Baggage sizer
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1349:Hypermobility
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1271:Transit hotel
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1116:Economy class
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872:Star Alliance
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824:Flag carriers
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814:Cargo airline
812:
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804:Airline codes
802:
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471:United States
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301:admiralty law
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269:admiralty law
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216:December 2010
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114: –
113:
109:
108:Find sources:
102:
98:
92:
91:
86:This article
84:
80:
75:
74:
69:
67:
60:
59:
54:
53:
48:
43:
34:
33:
30:
19:
3204:Aviation law
3180:
3173:
3159:
3145:
2918:Jurisdiction
2886:Legal remedy
2841:Adjudication
2741:Legal theory
2579:Ratification
2574:Promulgation
2545:Proclamation
2525:Codification
2458:Human rights
2446:Divine right
2436:Constitution
2404:Women in law
2322:Military law
2317:Marriage law
2312:Maritime law
2211:Election law
2151:Aviation law
2150:
2141:Abortion law
2093:Property law
2029:Criminal law
1679:Control zone
1674:Control area
1596:Luggage lock
1586:Lost luggage
1581:Hand luggage
1551:Baggage cart
1363:
1331:(Electronic)
1293:Arrival card
1226:Airside pass
1178:Sickness bag
1153:Buy on board
1148:Airline seat
1143:Airline meal
1096:Travel class
1078:Dead mileage
897:Trade groups
743:. Retrieved
738:
728:
716:. Retrieved
706:
694:. Retrieved
690:the original
683:
676:
664:. Retrieved
660:the original
653:
646:
634:. Retrieved
627:the original
622:
618:
590:. Retrieved
587:casetext.com
586:
577:
558:Mary Schiavo
512:
483:Air Mail Act
480:
450:
438:
409:
397:World War II
390:
383:
356:
329:
314:
297:jurisdiction
289:
257:Aviation law
256:
255:
240:
222:
213:
189:
159:
150:
140:
133:
126:
119:
107:
95:Please help
90:verification
87:
63:
56:
50:
49:Please help
46:
29:
27:Field of law
18:Aviation Law
3090:Legislature
3021:Bureaucracy
2818:Rule of man
2813:Rule of law
2788:Libertarian
2651:Chinese law
2552:Legislation
2502:Regulations
2490:Law reports
2468:Natural law
2364:Reparations
2359:Refugee law
2282:Jurimetrics
2223:(Media law)
2161:Banking law
2156:Amnesty law
2134:Disciplines
2071:Private law
1899:Ground crew
1853:Overselling
1724:Sky marshal
1590:WorldTracer
1506:Eurocontrol
1328:Travel visa
1285:Immigration
1201:Airline hub
1101:First class
1048:Relief crew
367:World War I
3083:Law school
2963:Prosecutor
2901:Magistrate
2688:Jewish law
2646:Common law
2567:Rulemaking
2562:Regulation
2512:Law making
2451:Divine law
2427:Legal code
2374:Sports law
2297:Law of war
2247:Health law
2232:Family law
2216:Energy law
2166:Bankruptcy
2103:Punishment
2098:Public law
1943:Air travel
1256:Jet bridge
1063:Loadmaster
569:References
515:occupation
322:in 1967.
265:air travel
153:April 2015
123:newspapers
52:improve it
3061:Judiciary
3056:Executive
3031:The bench
2968:Solicitor
2943:Barrister
2823:Sociology
2808:Pseudolaw
2748:Anarchist
2705:Roman law
2693:Parsi law
2678:Hindu law
2666:Canon law
2641:Civil law
2594:Concordat
2485:Precedent
2394:Trust law
2369:Space law
2206:Drugs law
2076:Procedure
2014:Civil law
1938:Air cargo
1196:Aerodrome
854:Alliances
712:"History"
696:27 August
666:27 August
592:10 August
465:Interflug
388:of 1929.
379:The Hague
331:Roman law
316:Space law
204:talk page
58:talk page
3198:Category
3168:Category
3110:Tribunal
3095:Military
2938:Attorney
2908:Judgment
2768:Feminist
2683:Jain law
2480:Case law
2201:Cyberlaw
2108:Corporal
2086:Criminal
2056:Evidence
2046:Doctrine
2024:Contract
1879:Tracking
1614:Air rage
1313:Passport
1302:internal
1236:Boarding
1231:Airstair
1088:Airliner
862:Oneworld
796:Airlines
745:17 March
718:17 March
636:17 March
457:Aeroflot
335:airspace
292:European
198:You may
3182:Outline
3119:History
3026:The bar
3000:Verdict
2948:Counsel
2928:Justice
2783:History
2606:Statute
2422:Charter
2384:Tax law
2332:Probate
1874:Standby
1536:Bag tag
1528:Baggage
1516:ENCASIA
1318:Timatic
1281:Customs
1188:Airport
1020:Aircrew
954:Europe
867:SkyTeam
326:History
283:of the
137:scholar
3100:Police
3071:Agency
2953:Lawyer
2698:Sharia
2589:Treaty
2584:Repeal
2530:Decree
2441:Custom
2337:Estate
2287:Labour
2051:Equity
1266:Runway
1173:Galley
1073:Purser
928:IFALPA
536:Air Do
309:zoning
139:
132:
125:
118:
110:
3175:Index
3041:Court
2985:Trial
2891:Judge
2732:Yassa
2535:Edict
2081:Civil
2034:Crime
1003:AFRAA
933:ISTAT
923:IATAN
630:(PDF)
615:(PDF)
564:Notes
509:Japan
339:Paris
206:, or
144:JSTOR
130:books
2923:Jury
2871:Fiqh
2727:Xeer
2125:Tort
2041:Deed
1511:EASA
1501:ECAC
1496:ICAO
1246:Gate
1008:RAAA
998:AAPA
993:AACO
983:ETWF
973:EBAA
918:IATA
913:ATAG
747:2015
741:(21)
720:2015
698:2016
668:2016
638:2015
594:2023
534:and
526:and
451:The
410:The
391:The
116:news
1995:Law
1364:Law
978:ERA
968:ECA
963:ASD
958:A4E
948:RAA
943:A4A
908:ACO
299:as
261:law
99:by
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2429:/
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602:^
585:.
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1987:e
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