987:
146:). These subcultures are allowed to grow until the identity of their constituent organisms can be ascertained. Selection of those cultures consisting solely of the desired organism produces the axenic culture. Subculture selection may also involve manually sampling the target organism from an uncontaminated growth front in an otherwise mixed culture, and using this as an
997:
161:
this for a fixed period of time. The agar should be an enriched medium that will support the growth of common "contaminating" organisms. Such "contaminating" organisms will grow on the plate during this period, identifying cultures that are no longer axenic.
139:, in which a culture is successively diluted to the point where subsamples of it contain only a few individual organisms, ideally only a single individual (in the case of an
170:
As axenic cultures are derived from very few organisms, or even a single individual, they are useful because the organisms present within them share a relatively narrow
153:
Axenic cultures are usually checked routinely to ensure that they remain axenic. One standard approach with microorganisms is to spread a sample of the culture onto an
202:
The axenic culture of some pathogens is complicated because they normally thrive within host tissues which exhibit properties that are difficult to replicate
693:
433:
286:
1046:
683:
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111:, but axenic cultures of many multicellular organisms are also possible. Axenic culture is an important tool for the study of
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1051:
648:
210:. However, careful replication of key features of the host environment can resolve these difficulties (e.g. host
802:
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183:
174:. In the case of an asexual species derived from a single individual, the resulting culture should consist of
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may introduce a degree of variability). Consequently, they will generally respond in a more uniform and
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A microbiological culture with only a single species or strain of organism
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304:"Preparation of Axenic Cultures of Algae by Use of a French Press"
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65:
42:
33:
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48:
135:
of an existing mixed culture. This may involve use of a
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in which only a single species, variety, or strain of
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302:J.B. Middlebrook; R.O. Bowman (9 September 1963).
103:organisms. The earliest axenic cultures were of
353:"Host cell-free growth of the Q fever bacterium
427:
8:
190:fashion, simplifying the interpretation of
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504:
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420:
412:
206:. This is especially true in the case of
99:is present and entirely free of all other
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119:organisms in a controlled environment.
351:Omsland, Anders; et al. (2009).
7:
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178:organisms (though processes such as
14:
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986:
985:
61:
29:
684:Bacterial cellular morphologies
308:Journal of Applied Microbiology
273:Thain, M.; Hickman, M. (1994).
1:
255:Sterilization (microbiology)
150:source for the subculture.
91:) describes the state of a
1068:
927:Bacteria (classifications)
649:Primary nutritional groups
320:10.1128/am.12.1.44-45.1964
131:are typically prepared by
981:
803:Bacterial outer membrane
184:horizontal gene transfer
1047:Microbiology techniques
384:10.1073/pnas.0812074106
208:intracellular pathogens
798:Gram-negative bacteria
777:Gram-positive bacteria
653:Substrate preference
275:Dictionary of Biology
634:Microbial metabolism
218:), such as with the
884:Non-motile bacteria
480:Pathogenic bacteria
375:2009PNAS..106.4430O
127:Axenic cultures of
1052:Microbiology terms
813:Lipopolysaccharide
243:Gnotobiotic animal
1009:
1008:
908:
907:
854:Bacterial capsule
820:Periplasmic space
787:Lipoteichoic acid
672:
671:
644:Microbial ecology
639:Nitrogen fixation
369:(11): 4430–4434.
355:Coxiella burnetii
225:Coxiella burnetii
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937:Former groupings
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582:Human microbiome
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277:(9th ed.).
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248:Germ-free animal
216:dissolved oxygen
166:Experimental use
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475:Lysogenic cycle
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137:dilution series
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107:or unicellular
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1032:Biotechnology
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782:Teichoic acid
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101:contaminating
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56:
26:
22:
1042:Cell culture
1037:Cell biology
1027:Bacteriology
971:Mendosicutes
956:Gracilicutes
936:
836:Mycolic acid
826:Mycobacteria
824:
796:
775:
711:Coccobacilli
611:in pregnancy
577:Extremophile
561:Aerotolerant
495:Biochemistry
457:microbiology
443:Microbiology
366:
360:
354:
346:
311:
307:
297:
274:
268:
223:
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188:reproducible
169:
152:
126:
24:
18:
859:Slime layer
539:Facultative
527:Facultative
314:(1): 44–5.
212:metabolites
192:experiments
123:Preparation
1016:Categories
966:Mollicutes
961:Firmicutes
951:Prokaryota
869:Glycocalyx
694:plasticity
657:Lipophilic
510:preference
485:Resistance
261:References
222:pathogen,
155:agar plate
133:subculture
109:eukaryotes
919:evolution
893:Composite
792:Endospore
750:Cell wall
726:Structure
617:Placental
556:Nanaerobe
534:Anaerobic
465:Infection
176:identical
172:gene pool
157:, and to
117:parasitic
113:symbiotic
1022:Bacteria
991:Category
914:Taxonomy
847:envelope
737:envelope
627:Salivary
544:Obligate
522:Obligate
470:Exotoxin
447:Bacteria
403:19246385
338:14106939
232:See also
204:in vitro
198:Problems
180:mutation
159:incubate
148:inoculum
105:bacteria
97:organism
1001:Commons
900:Biofilm
879:Fimbria
864:S-layer
845:Outside
706:Bacilli
622:Uterine
607:Vaginal
517:Aerobic
500:ecology
455:Medical
394:2657411
371:Bibcode
329:1058062
238:Asepsis
220:Q fever
144:species
141:asexual
93:culture
21:biology
946:Monera
716:Spiral
508:Oxygen
401:
391:
336:
326:
285:
25:axenic
874:Pilus
828:only:
808:Porin
800:only:
779:only:
701:Cocci
677:Shape
597:Mouth
570:Other
917:and
735:Cell
602:Skin
592:Lung
498:and
399:PMID
362:PNAS
334:PMID
283:ISBN
182:and
115:and
769:DAP
764:NAG
759:NAM
587:Gut
389:PMC
379:doi
367:106
324:PMC
316:doi
19:In
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27:(
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