466:
685:), which had a standing corporate policy of discontinuing any product line or division in which they were not able to stay in first or second place in total market sales, AMF continued a practice of purchasing new companies in unfamiliar markets, while simultaneously failing to reorganize and modernize its core operations. As a result, during the late 1970s and early 1980s, the company lost an average of $ 8 million per year. Some subsidiaries were sold, including
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line — once the pride of the company — had fallen to an all-time low. Bicycles made at the Olney plant were manufactured so poorly that some
Midwestern bike shops refused to repair them, claiming that the bikes would not stay fixed no matter how much labor and effort was put into them. The division's problems with quality and outside competition were neatly summed up in a 1979 American film,
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38:
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By the late 1970s, the company encountered difficulties. The absence of stable management (the company had seven presidents between 1972 and 1982), aging production facilities, rising labor costs, and the inability of AMF to operate efficiently and control its many product divisions from headquarters
419:
After two decades of consistent growth, the AMF Wheel Goods
Division stalled under the long-distance management of a parent company bogged down in layers of corporate management and marginally profitable product lines. Manufacturing quality as well as the technical standards of the Roadmaster bicycle
411:
Taking advantage of the increase in its target markets in the aftermath of the baby boom, AMF was able to diversify its product line, adding exercise equipment under the brand name
Vitamaster in 1950. As demand for bicycles continued to expand, the company needed a new manufacturing facility to keep
366:
in the 1940s. To get the cash to develop the invention, Patterson swapped AMF stock to acquire eight small companies with fast-selling products. After incorporating key features developed by Leslie L. LeVeque, the AMF Pinspotter was perfected and put on the market in 1952, and helped to turn bowling
493:
bender, an automatic baked pretzel-twisting machine that rolled and tied them at the rate of 50 a minute, more than twice as fast as skilled hand twisters. It then conveyed them through the baking and salting process. To expand its line of recreational equipment, AMF bought W. J.
704:, previously made by Voit, and to continue manufacture of the regulator. Mares would revert to being an independent manufacturer after AMF was sold. It eventually became part of a worldwide consortium of sports equipment companies, including another former AMF division, Head.
387:
line of children's and youth bicycles from the
Cleveland Welding Company, American Machine and Foundry entered the bicycle manufacturing business with its newly formed AMF Wheel Goods Division. After a prolonged labor strike in 1953, AMF moved bicycle manufacturing from a
445:. However, it became evident that production of low-cost, mass-market bicycles in the US was not viable in the face of foreign competition, and in 1999, all U.S. production of Roadmaster bicycles ceased. Brunswick sold its bicycle division and the Roadmaster brand to
648:
equipment under the AMF brand. The gymnastics division was later spun off to form
American Athletic (AAI) which used the same logo as AMF but with different text. New and improved exercycles, such as the Computrim line, the first to incorporate an
313:
problems in some product lines caused sales declines in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The company's vast diversified output proved difficult to efficiently manage and, after suffering a series of losses, the company sold off its operations.
350:
made AMF one of the pillars of the US military-industrial complex during the 1950s and 1960s. In the late 1950s, the company won a contract for designing and constructing "a small 1 MW swimming pool-type reactor" at the
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In the late 1970s, in a reference to its numerous leisure product lines, the company began a TV advertising campaign centered on the slogan "AMF, we make weekends". For a short time, the company owned
558:-office tower at 261 Madison Avenue. Given naming rights, the AMF logo appeared in the Manhattan skyline. The bowling division ultimately outgrew the space and in 1960 moved to Long Island (
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In 1971, American
Machine and Foundry was renamed AMF. For many years, the company produced a wide variety of sport and leisure equipment, including Roadmaster bicycles,
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By 1961, AMF controlled and operated 42 plants and 19 research facilities in 17 different countries, producing everything from remote-controlled toy airplanes to
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416:, where it built a new factory on a 122-acre (0.49 km) site that would remain the company's principal bicycle manufacturing location until the 1990s.
256:
581:, where it traversed a continuous elevated loop around the amusement section of the fair. It was displayed as a practical form of future transportation.
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326:, took over AMF. After World War II ended, Patterson determined that the company had to "grow or die". One of AMF's post-World War II ventures was
1359:
727:, paid $ 225 million to purchase AMF's bowling centers and bowling products divisions in 1985 to form AMF Bowling Companies, Inc. (later known as
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2014:
182:
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371:, and other bowling equipment, and owned and operated numerous bowling centers. AMF Bowling Products maintained its headquarters in
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404:. The new plant was heavily automated and featured more than a mile of conveyor belts in six separate systems, including an
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in White Plains, New York, contributed to a steady decline in sales and profits. Unlike large
Japanese corporations such as
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356:
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457:. Pacific Cycle still uses the Olney facility for corporate offices and as a product inventory and distribution center.
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into the most popular US participative, competitive sport. AMF became a major manufacturer of pinsetters, bowling pins,
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snow skis and tennis racquets (1969–1985), snowmobiles, lawn and garden equipment, (including manufacturing for
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1959:
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program". In a masterstroke of top executive recruitment, Patterson hired top US government cold warrior
220:, AMF manufactured automated bowling equipment, and bowling centers became profitable business ventures.
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in Israel, which for a short time helped the
Israelis conceal the fact that they were also building the
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2009:
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2019:
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944:"Pedaling Schwinn Bicycles: Marketing Lessons for the Leading Post-World War II U.S. Bicycle Brand"
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330:: a division that made "low-dose irradiation equipment" for "the US Army Quartermaster Corps' bulk-
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197:, inventor of the first automated cigarette manufacturing machine. Originally incorporated in
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In 1954, the company acquired Potter and
Brumfield, a manufacturer of electrical relays.
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production was added in 1950. The company was once a major manufacturer of products from
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Fourth and final logo, used from 1970–1985, still used by AMF Bowling and its successors
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232:" program. AMF became a major part of what would soon be referred to by US President
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834:"The Eisenhower Administration and the Discovery of Dimona: March 1958-January 1961"
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In the early 1960s, American
Machine and Foundry partnered with the French company
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launching systems. AMF was the builder of the launching silos for the Titan and
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247:. He was formerly a US major general, Eisenhower's wartime chief-of-staff, and
181:) was one of the United States' largest recreational equipment companies, with
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nywf64.com (1964/1965 New York World's Fair Website) story of the AMF Monorail
653:, were introduced. AMF also acquired a recreational motor home division named
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434:, the film's protagonist expressed a preference for his lightweight Italian
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861:"AMF nuclear engineering brings you advanced...Radiation Process Equipment"
543:
was among the engineers working on the reactors AMF built in Pakistan and
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Co. (golfing equipment), and Wen-Mac Corp. (engine-powered toy airplanes).
449:, which began distributing a new Roadmaster line of bicycles imported from
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road racing bike, deriding the elderly Roadmaster as a "piece of junk".
185:
products as disparate as garden equipment, atomic reactors, and yachts.
1994:
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949:. Babson Park, Massachusetts: Babson College. p. 5. Archived from
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for military purposes elsewhere in the country with French assistance.
221:
967:
Vandewater, Judith (July 7, 1985). "Bike Maker Is on the Road Again".
527:
In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the company ran neck-and-neck with
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Until the mid-1980s, AMF's range of consumer goods included powered
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994:(director), distributed by 20th Century Fox, released July 13, 1979
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620:, SlickCraft powerboats (1969–80), Alcort sailboats (including the
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Sands, David R., "Chinese Bikes Ruled No Threat To U.S. Makes",
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was part of AMF, and was able to secure the rights to the MR-12
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Karter, Peter (1967). "How to Dispose of Radioactive Wastes".
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up with demand. In 1962, the company moved its operations to
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for American cities. The AMF Monorail was exhibited at the
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In 1997, the Roadmaster bicycle division was sold to the
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in the construction of nuclear power reactors. AMF sold
1097:
Logsdon, Gene (April 1993). "Mastermind of the MRF".
2033:
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562:); corporate headquarters was relocated in 1971 to
243:In the late 1950s, the company's vice-chairman was
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489:In 1949, American Machine and Foundry developed a
362:Patterson encountered a prototype of an automatic
1181:"AMF Agrees to Offer By Jacobs of $ 24 a Share"
1101:. Vol. 34, no. 4. Emmaus. p. 49.
554:In 1953, company headquarters moved into a new
2170:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1985
1071:. Vol. 21. McGraw-Hill. 1963. p. 30.
832:Cohen, Avner; Burr, William (April 15, 2015).
1367:
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668:, taking over the UK company Venner in 1970.
469:261 Madison Avenue, formerly the AMF Building
8:
30:
2185:1985 disestablishments in the United States
2160:Manufacturing companies established in 1900
309:Aging production facilities and increasing
257:director of the Central Intelligence Agency
27:Defunct recreational equipment manufacturer
2165:Conglomerate companies established in 1900
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36:
29:
596:. The models typically start with "536")
498:Rubber Corp. (tread rubber, scuba gear),
937:
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887:"Development of the Automatic Pinsetter"
809:
807:
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318:Bowling pinsetters and nuclear reactors
1235:Development of the Automatic Pinsetter
1048:"Potter & Brumfield Inc. History"
7:
2180:1900 establishments in New York City
794:1983-84 Miscellaneous Tax Bills--VII
193:The company was founded in 1900 by
1024:. February 6, 2009. Archived from
921:. US Census Bureau. Archived from
707:In 1985, AMF was acquired through
573:to design, construct and market a
127:Assets sold off to other companies
25:
1179:Daniels, Lee A. (June 15, 1985).
1113:"American Machine and Foundry Co"
228:to research reactors for the US "
2175:Companies disestablished in 1985
2129:
2128:
1858:
1018:"Machine Speeds Pretzel Bending"
912:"2010 Table: Most popular sport"
338:, whose leadership positions at
1250:Reprint of ad for AMF Atomics,
1382:American bicycle manufacturers
849:– via nsarchive.gwu.edu.
679:Matsushita Electric Industrial
644:(1949–1960), and manufactured
539:their first nuclear reactors.
408:induction painting operation.
383:In 1950, after purchasing the
253:ambassador to the Soviet Union
1:
1245:AMF Building in New York City
664:For a while the company made
396:, Ohio, to a new facility in
357:Negev Nuclear Research Center
353:Soreq Nuclear Research Center
270:, lawn and garden equipment,
255:. Later he became the fourth
2155:American Machine and Foundry
1290:American Machine and Foundry
520:system for the solid-fueled
485:1975 AMF Harley-Davidson 350
477:1975 AMF Harley-Davidson 250
175:American Machine and Foundry
82:; 124 years ago
31:American Machine and Foundry
1208:"AMF Bowling, Inc. History"
655:Atlas Recreational Vehicles
430:bicycle race. Despite this
238:military-industrial complex
111:; 39 years ago
2201:
1084:Electric Light & Power
579:1964 New York World's Fair
455:People's Republic of China
322:In 1943, Patterson's son,
2124:
1856:
839:National Security Archive
588:motorcycles (1969–1981),
516:, and also developed the
35:
692:For a time, the Italian
651:electronic heart monitor
600:golf clubs (1960–1985),
302:. For a time, AMF owned
282:and exercise equipment,
1540:Independent Fabrication
970:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
942:Petty, Ross D. (2007).
813:"Diversified Success",
719:controlled by investor
696:equipment manufacturer
1915:Gormully & Jeffery
1156:"History of Head N.V."
564:White Plains, New York
486:
478:
470:
240:" after World War II.
195:Rufus L. Patterson Jr.
100:Rufus L. Patterson Jr.
1490:Ellsworth Handcrafted
729:AMF Bowling Worldwide
681:(owners of the brand
484:
476:
468:
443:Brunswick Corporation
177:(known after 1970 as
1545:International Surrey
1138:"Panasonic Bicycles"
1005:The Washington Times
754:on February 22, 2014
392:-organized plant in
234:Dwight D. Eisenhower
2020:Western Wheel Works
1252:Scientific American
1212:FundingUniverse.com
1159:FundingUniverse.com
1028:on December 3, 2013
711:by Minstar Inc., a
556:International Style
344:US State Department
336:Walter Bedell Smith
290:, Nimble bicycles,
245:Walter Bedell Smith
155:Number of employees
32:
1186:The New York Times
928:on March 27, 2010.
725:Richmond, Virginia
614:motorized bicycles
606:exercise equipment
604:inflatable balls,
560:Westbury, New York
518:rail-car launching
487:
479:
471:
379:Bicycle production
364:bowling pin setter
324:Morehead Patterson
292:motorized bicycles
278:inflatable balls,
143:AMF Bakery Systems
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2141:
1795:Turner Suspension
1349:
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522:Minuteman missile
461:New product lines
432:product placement
201:but operating in
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16:(Redirected from
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750:. Archived from
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709:hostile takeover
659:Mason City, Iowa
529:General Dynamics
332:food irradiation
288:Alcort Sailboats
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721:Irwin L. Jacobs
717:holding company
687:Harley-Davidson
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630:Hatteras Yachts
594:Sears Craftsman
586:Harley-Davidson
549:Atoms for Peace
463:
414:Olney, Illinois
381:
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311:quality control
304:Harley-Davidson
284:Hatteras Yachts
264:model airplanes
230:Atoms for Peace
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66:
61:
57:
56:
53:
48:
45:
44:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2197:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2135:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1895:E. C. Stearns
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1685:Richard Sachs
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1395:American Star
1393:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1313:AMF Apollo 16
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1272:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1175:
1172:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1118:
1117:Grace's Guide
1114:
1108:
1105:
1100:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1049:
1043:
1040:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1000:
997:
993:
989:
988:Tesich, Steve
985:
984:Breaking Away
980:
977:
972:
971:
963:
960:
952:
945:
938:
936:
932:
924:
920:
913:
907:
904:
892:
888:
882:
879:
866:
862:
856:
853:
841:
840:
835:
828:
826:
822:
818:
817:
810:
808:
806:
804:
802:
798:
795:
790:
787:
775:
769:
766:
753:
749:
743:
740:
734:
732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
705:
703:
699:
695:
690:
688:
684:
680:
671:
669:
667:
666:time switches
662:
660:
656:
652:
647:
643:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
557:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
506:
503:
501:
497:
492:
483:
475:
467:
460:
458:
456:
452:
448:
447:Pacific Cycle
444:
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:
423:Breaking Away
417:
415:
409:
407:
406:electrostatic
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
378:
376:
374:
370:
369:bowling balls
365:
360:
358:
354:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
317:
315:
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
207:New York City
204:
200:
196:
188:
186:
184:
180:
176:
165:17,300 (1982)
164:
162:20,200 (1981)
161:
160:
158:
152:
145:
142:
140:
137:
136:
134:
130:
126:
122:
108:
104:
101:
98:
94:
79:
75:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
54:
51:
46:
39:
34:
19:
2086:L.H. Thomson
1879:
1775:Terrible One
1660:Quintana Roo
1289:
1251:
1215:. Retrieved
1211:
1202:
1190:. Retrieved
1184:
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1158:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1120:. Retrieved
1116:
1107:
1098:
1092:
1086:. p. 3.
1083:
1077:
1068:
1063:
1051:
1042:
1032:November 28,
1030:. Retrieved
1026:the original
1021:
1012:
1004:
999:
992:Yates, Peter
983:
979:
968:
962:
951:the original
923:the original
918:
906:
894:. Retrieved
890:
881:
869:. Retrieved
864:
855:
843:. Retrieved
837:
814:
789:
779:February 18,
777:. Retrieved
768:
758:February 18,
756:. Retrieved
752:the original
748:"AMF Bakery"
742:
706:
694:scuba diving
691:
675:
663:
642:Dewalt Tools
638:
628:; 1969–86),
583:
568:
553:
541:Peter Karter
526:
507:
504:
488:
440:
421:
418:
410:
382:
373:Shelby, Ohio
361:
340:the Pentagon
321:
308:
274:golf clubs,
261:
249:Harry Truman
242:
218:World War II
215:
192:
178:
174:
173:
60:Company type
1910:Gary Fisher
1760:Specialized
1700:Rhoades Car
1470:Diamondback
1460:Cycle Force
1400:Bike Friday
1254:, May, 1956
774:"AMF Reece"
713:Minneapolis
608:(including
514:Atlas ICBMs
398:Little Rock
328:AMF Atomics
183:diversified
139:AMF Bowling
2149:Categories
2034:Components
1925:Iron Horse
1890:Clark-Kent
1805:Van Dessel
1770:TerraCycle
1715:Santa Cruz
1705:Roadmaster
1425:Cannondale
1328:Catamarans
1069:Nucleonics
919:census.gov
867:. May 1956
735:References
646:gymnastics
634:scuba gear
610:exercycles
547:under the
428:Little 500
385:Roadmaster
300:scuba gear
280:exercycles
199:New Jersey
50:Trade name
2106:Speedplay
2051:Bontrager
1835:Yamaguchi
1820:Waterford
1695:Rivendell
1600:Milwaukee
1580:Litespeed
1560:K2 Sports
1530:Hutch BMX
1475:Dynacraft
1440:Co-Motion
1435:Centurion
1300:sailboats
1298:Monohull
1292:sailboats
1164:April 18,
871:April 17,
845:April 17,
702:regulator
689:in 1981.
683:Panasonic
598:Ben Hogan
551:program.
500:Ben Hogan
394:Cleveland
272:Ben Hogan
268:snow skis
179:AMF, Inc.
146:AMF Reece
132:Successor
18:AMF, Inc.
2134:Category
2101:SureStop
2096:RockShox
2071:Fyxation
2010:Sterling
1940:Kogswell
1905:Fat City
1875:American
1830:Worksman
1745:Softride
1645:Priority
1605:Mongoose
1550:Italvega
1505:Fyxation
1455:Cruzbike
1445:Columbia
1415:Brooklyn
1410:Bohemian
1308:AMF 2100
1192:July 27,
1122:July 17,
1099:BioCycle
624:and the
575:monorail
533:Pakistan
453:and the
402:Arkansas
236:as "the
211:New York
203:Brooklyn
78:New York
74:Brooklyn
2005:Stelber
1995:Serotta
1985:Rambler
1975:Overman
1965:Monarch
1920:Indiana
1885:Chicago
1868:Defunct
1800:Univega
1780:Tommaso
1725:Schwinn
1720:Santana
1680:Redline
1655:Quality
1635:Pacific
1625:Nishiki
1570:Kestrel
1510:Gendron
1485:Electra
1450:Cortina
1430:Catrike
1405:Bilenky
1388:Current
1341:Trac 16
1336:Trac 14
1217:May 29,
1144:. 2007.
896:May 29,
715:-based
672:Decline
622:Sunfish
491:pretzel
222:Bicycle
189:History
114: (
106:Defunct
96:Founder
85: (
70:Founded
64:Private
2091:Lezyne
2056:Burley
2025:Wright
2015:Stover
2000:Shelby
1980:Pocket
1970:Murray
1960:Merlin
1945:LeMond
1815:Volagi
1785:Torker
1630:Novara
1420:Calfee
1318:Puffer
632:, and
618:mopeds
571:SAFEGE
451:Taiwan
298:, and
296:mopeds
216:After
2081:Hayes
2061:Coker
1955:Melon
1950:Lotus
1935:Klein
1900:Eagle
1810:Villy
1765:Surly
1735:Seven
1710:Salsa
1675:Razor
1620:Niner
1610:Moots
1590:Marin
1585:Magna
1555:Jamis
1525:Huffy
1465:Dahon
954:(PDF)
947:(PDF)
926:(PDF)
915:(PDF)
698:Mares
80:(1900
2116:Zipp
2111:SRAM
2076:Giro
2041:Bell
1990:Ross
1850:Zigo
1845:Yuba
1840:Yeti
1790:Trek
1755:SOMA
1750:Solé
1670:Rans
1650:Pure
1640:Pope
1615:Next
1595:Masi
1575:Kona
1565:Kent
1535:Ibis
1520:Haro
1500:Fuji
1495:Felt
1480:DYNO
1219:2018
1194:2011
1166:2018
1124:2016
1055:.com
1034:2013
898:2018
873:2015
847:2015
816:Time
781:2014
760:2014
626:Hilu
602:Voit
590:Head
545:Iran
537:Iran
535:and
510:ICBM
496:Voit
436:Masi
346:and
276:Voit
124:Fate
116:1985
109:1985
87:1900
2066:Fox
2046:BTI
1930:JMC
1880:AMF
1665:R+E
731:).
657:of
612:),
390:UAW
348:CIA
251:'s
55:AMF
2151::
1730:SE
1515:GT
1210:.
1183:.
1140:.
1115:.
1050:.
1020:.
986:,
934:^
917:.
889:.
863:.
836:.
824:^
800:^
636:.
616:,
566:.
524:.
400:,
342:,
294:,
286:,
266:,
259:.
209:,
205:,
76:,
1375:e
1368:t
1361:v
1282:e
1275:t
1268:v
1221:.
1196:.
1168:.
1126:.
1057:.
1036:.
973:.
900:.
875:.
783:.
762:.
118:)
91:)
89:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
