Abdul Haris Nasution - Knowledge (XXG)

1636:(G30S) attempted to kidnap seven anti-communist Army officers including Nasution. Lieutenant Arief was the leader of the squad assigned to capture Nasution, and his team in four trucks and two military cars travelled down a deserted Jalan Teuku Umar at 4:00 am. Nasution's home was at No. 40, a modest single-story home. The guard in the sentry box outside the house saw the vehicles coming, but upon seeing the men were soldiers he was not suspicious and did not call his superior, Sergeant Iskaq, who was in charge of the army detail guarding the house. The sergeant was in a guardroom in the front room along with half a dozen soldiers some of whom were asleep. A guard was asleep in the front garden and another was on duty at the rear of the house. In a separate cottage, two of Nasution's aides were asleep, a young army lieutenant 1402:. This move not only ended Sukarno's merely ceremonial presidential role but also increased the army's influence and power as Nasution had wished for. Under this arrangement, regional commanders were able to interfere in civilian matters such as the economy and administrative matters. At the behest of Sukarno himself, the army also began participating in politics, filling in positions that ranged from cabinet ministers to provincial governors and even DPR members. In December 1957, Nasution further increased the army's role by ordering officers to take over the recently nationalised Dutch companies. Aside from increasing the army's role, this move was also designed to stop the influence of the increasingly powerful PKI. In 1958, Nasution made a speech that would become the basis for the 1648:(presidential bodyguard) soldier with a gun ready to shoot. She slammed the door shut and yelled a warning to her husband. Nasution wanted to take a look himself and when he opened the door, the soldier shot at him. He flung himself to the floor and his wife slammed and locked the door. The men on the other side began to smash the door down and fired a volley of shots into the bedroom. Mrs. Nasution pushed her husband out through another door and down a corridor to a side entrance to the house. He dashed across his garden to the wall separating his garden and that of neighbouring Iraqi ambassador. He was spotted by soldiers who fired off a volley of shots but missed. Scaling the wall, Nasution, broke his ankle as he fell into the ambassador's garden to hide. He was not pursued. 1911:, Suharto's Minister of Technology. Habibie then invited Nasution and the other signatories to visit his shipyard and the aircraft factory which had been put under his jurisdiction. The government also began claiming that although there was a travel ban for the Petition of 50 Signatories, the ban did not apply to Nasution. For his part, Nasution denied criticising the government, preferring to call it a "difference of opinion". Finally, in July 1993, Suharto invited Nasution to the Presidential Palace for a meeting. This was followed by another meeting on 18 August 1993, after the Independence Day celebrations. Nothing political was talked about, but it was clear that both men were keen to reconcile their differences. 1379:

country and gain experience. This would also result in army officers being more professional, instead of feeling personal attachment and loyalty to the province and region they came from. Nasution's second change was to centralise military training. All training methods would now be uniform, instead of regional commanders setting up their methods. Nasution's third and most important reform was to increase the army's influence and power so that it would be able to take care of itself, instead of relying on civilian decisions. Nasution did not have a problem applying the first two changes, but he would have to wait to apply the third. By 1957, President Sukarno had begun to introduce the concept of

1560:, caused Sukarno to adopt an anti-American stance. In this, he had the PKI as a natural ally. For the PKI, an alliance with Sukarno would only add to its political momentum as its influence continued to grow in Indonesian politics. Nasution was wary of the PKI's influence over Sukarno and in turn, Sukarno was aware that Nasution was not happy about the PKI's influence and made a move to weaken his power. In July 1962, Sukarno reorganised the structure of ABRI. The status of the heads of the Armed Forces branches would now be upgraded from chief of staff to commander. As commanders, the heads of the armed forces branches would have more power and would answer only to Sukarno as the 1215: 2155: 1743:

political senses seemed to have returned after Suharto received the Supersemar. It was perhaps he who first realised that Supersemar not only gave Suharto emergency powers but also gave him executive control. On 12 March 1966, after Suharto had the PKI banned, Nasution suggested to Suharto that he form an emergency Cabinet. Suharto, still cautious about what he could or could not do with his new powers replied that forming a cabinet was the responsibility of the president. Nasution encouraged Suharto, promising him full support but Suharto did not respond and the conversation ended abruptly.

2029: 2534: 1541: 2047: 1731:, but with Nasution's constant lobbying, Sukarno was finally persuaded and on 14 October 1965, appointed Suharto as the army commander. A golden opportunity came to Nasution in December 1965 when there was talk of his being appointed as vice president to assist Sukarno in times of uncertainty. Nasution did not capitalise on this and chose to do nothing. Suharto, whose political momentum was growing, took the initiative in early 1966 by issuing a statement saying that there was no need to fill the vacant vice presidency. 1792:

the DPR called for an MPRS Special Session in March to replace Sukarno with Suharto. Sukarno seemed resigned to his fate, officially handing day-to-day control of the Government to Suharto on 22 February 1967 and requiring him only to report if necessary. Finally, on 12 March 1967, Sukarno was officially removed from power by the MPRS. Nasution then swore Suharto into office as the acting president. A year later on 27 March 1968, Nasution presided over Suharto's election and inauguration as full President.

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generals such as Nasution were not as merciful, as the year drew to a close, Nasution claimed that Sukarno should be held responsible for the dire situation in which his Government left Indonesia. Nasution also called for Sukarno to be taken to trial. On 10 January 1967, Nasution and the MPRS assembled again as Sukarno submitted his report (he did not deliver it in person as a speech) which was hoped to finally address the issue of G30S. Dubbed the

2616: 1275:, to negotiate a deal with the communists. After taking his trip, Suharto returned to Nasution and Sudirman and reported that everything seemed to be peaceful. Nasution did not trust this report and with Sudirman down with an illness, Nasution was left in charge. Nasution then decided on a crackdown, sending troops to go after the communists to put down and end the rebellion. On 30 September Madiun was taken over by republican troops of the 2582: 2498: 1656:

Cakrabirawa troops demanded she tell them her husband's whereabouts. Reportedly she had a brief and angry exchange with Arief telling him that Nasution had been out of town for a few days. A whistle blew outside and the men in the house left taking Tendean with them. The whole affair had taken nine minutes. Mrs Nasution took her wounded daughter to the Central military hospital and guards sounded the alarm. The Jakarta garrison commander,

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should become army commander. Nasution said that Sukarno's appointment could not be accepted as the appointment came when Suharto had begun with the operations. Nasution also added that he would back Suharto's decision to not let Pranoto go to Halim. Nasution and Suharto then invited Pranoto in and convinced him to delay accepting his appointment as army commander until after Suharto finished putting down the attempted coup d'état.

4027: 156: 2101: 1330:(Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia). In 1952, Nasution and Simatupang decided to adopt a policy of restructuring and reorganisation for TNI. Under this arrangement, Nasution and Simatupang hoped to create a smaller army but one that was more modern and professional. It did not take long, however, before factional interests came into play. Nasution and Simatupang, who had both been trained by the 1752: 2209: 2516: 2227: 1776:, revoking Sukarno's life presidency, and ordering a legislative election to be held by July 1968. The MPRS General Session also increased Suharto's power by officially ordering him to formulate a new cabinet. A decree was also passed which stated that if the president was unable to carry out his duties, he would now be replaced by the holder of the Supersemar instead of the vice-president. 38: 2083: 2480: 1601:, and mentioned "our local army friends". Suspicion was immediately cast on the army wanting to launch a coup. Although Yani was quick to deny the allegations, the PKI began running a smear campaign, claiming that a Council of Generals was planning to overthrow the president. As the most senior officers in the Army, Nasution and Yani were implicated to be part of this Council. 1621: 1424: 1764:, and there was a need to fill in the vacant position. Nasution was an overwhelmingly popular choice as all of the factions in the MPRS nominated him for the position of MPRS chairman. However, Nasution waited until Suharto expressed support for his nomination before accepting the nomination. On 20 June 1966, the MPRS General Session began. Nasution set 1652:

safety. As she ran past, a corporal from the palace guard fired a round of shots at her through a door. Mardiah was hit in the hand and Irma received three bullets in her spine. She died five days later in hospital. Nasution's eldest daughter, 13-year-old Janti, and her nurse Alfiah had run to the cottage housing Nasution's aides and hid under a bed.

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criticised Yani's soft stance and relations between the two soured. To make matters worse, Yani began replacing regional commanders who were close to Nasution with those who were close to himself. On 13 January 1965, a delegation of officers representing Nasution and Yani met in an attempt to reconcile the differences between the two officers.

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Perhaps this reason was because he was still grieving over his daughter, Ade Irma, who died on 6 October. In the first few weeks after G30S, Nasution was the one who constantly lobbied Sukarno to have Suharto appointed Army Commander. Sukarno, who after 1 October wanted to keep Pranoto, had originally only made Suharto the Commander of

1738:. The position of ABRI Chief of Staff was also abolished. By this stage, the expectation that Nasution would do something was now gone as army officers and student movements alike rallied behind Suharto. Nevertheless, he continued to be a respected figure as many army officers visited him in the days leading up to the signing of 1667:, a neighbour of Nasution's and one of Indonesia's three deputy premiers, heard the commotion and walked down to the Nasution house. In the confusion, the guard was shot and killed. This led to stories of Lemeina being on the plotter's list and of an attack on Lemeina's house. However, the killing of the guard was unplanned. 1295:(PDRI) was set up in Sumatra. In this interim government, Nasution was given the position of the Army and Territorial Commander of Java. Following Dutch recognition of Indonesia's independence, the PDRI returned its powers to Sukarno and Hatta, and Nasution returned to his position as Deputy Commander to Sudirman. 1694:– a Sukarno loyalist – to the position of Army Commander and now wanted Pranoto to come to see him. Suharto did not allow Pranoto to go but he knew that Sukarno would not give up in trying to summon Pranoto. To strengthen his bargaining position, Suharto asked Nasution to come to the Kostrad Headquarters. 2425: 2245: 2317: 1726:

Although Suharto had been the man of the hour on 1 October, many of the other Army officers still turned to Nasution for leadership and had expected him to take more decisive control of the situation. However, Nasution seemed indecisive, and slowly but surely the support began to swing away from him.

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Nasution continued hiding in the garden of his neighbour until 6 am when he returned to his house with a broken ankle. Nasution then asked his adjutants to take him to the Ministry of Defense and Security because he thought it would be safer there. He was driven there crouching on the floor of a

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Before the alarm could be raised, Arief's squad had jumped the fence and overpowered the sleepy guards in the sentry box and guard room. Others entered from around the side of the house and covered it from the rear. About fifteen soldiers broke into the house. Both Nasution and his wife were bothered

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On 27 October 1955, after three years of exile, Nasution was re-appointed to his old position as Army Chief of Staff. He immediately began working on the army and its structure by adopting a threefold approach. First, he formulated a tour of duty system so that officers would be stationed around the

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On 22 June, Sukarno delivered a speech entitled Nawaksara (Nine Points) in front of the assembly. Nasution and the other MPRS members, who had hoped for Sukarno's account of G30S were disappointed. Nothing about the G30S was mentioned. Instead, Sukarno seemed to give an account of his appointment as

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intervened. Gatot had taken Suharto under his wing when he was Commander of Kodam IV/Diponegoro and had noticed Suharto's talents. Gatot asked Nasution not to expel Suharto because Suharto's talent could be further developed. Nasution listened to Gatot's advice. He decided to remove Suharto from his

1889:), so-called because there were 50 signatories. The petition was signed on 5 May 1980 and delivered to the DPR on 13 May 1980. It called for Suharto to stop interpreting Pancasila to suit his ends and for ABRI to be neutral in politics instead of favouring Golkar. The DPR, especially members of the 1842:

and the 1945 Constitution. Suharto did not take the criticism lightly. On 27 March 1980, at an ABRI Meeting, Suharto in a speech said that ABRI members should be ready to defend their seats in the DPR and that they should align themselves with forces that are for Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution

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In a subtle jab towards Nasution, Sukarno added that if he was going to be blamed for the G30S, the Minister of Defense and Security at the time should also be blamed for not seeing the G30S coming and stopping it before it happened. The report was once again rejected by the MPRS. In February 1967,

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Nasution soon began developing an attitude of hostility towards Yani. Both Nasution and Yani were anti-communists, but their attitude towards Sukarno was different. Nasution was critical of Sukarno for backing and supporting the PKI, while Yani, a Sukarno loyalist, adopted a softer stance. Nasution

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By the beginning of the 1990s, Suharto was beginning to adopt a policy of political openness, and enforcement of the Petition of 50 Signatories' punishment was loosened. In June 1993, when he was in hospital because of illness, Nasution was visited by the army's top brass. He then received a visit

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With Sarwo Edhie's troops, Jakarta was quickly secured. Suharto then turned his attention to Halim and began making preparations to attack the air base. To assist him, Nasution ordered the navy and the police to assist Suharto in putting down the G30S Movement. To the Air Force, Nasution issued an

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In late 1956, there were demands by regional commanders in Sumatra for more autonomy in the provinces. When these demands were not met by the central government, the troops began to rebel, and by early 1957, had forcefully taken over the governance of Sumatra. Then, on 15 February 1958, Lieutenant

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took the petition seriously and asked Suharto to respond on the issue. Suharto replied that his speeches on 27 March 1980 and 16 April 1980 were a sufficient enough response. He added if there were any problems, the DPR could pass a motion for a special investigation. Here the PPP and PDI members

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document handing over authority from Sukarno to Suharto. When Suharto was about to go to the Kostrad Headquarters to wait for the delivery of the Supersemar, he called Nasution and asked him for his blessing. Nasution's wife gave the blessing on behalf of Nasution, who was not present. Nasution's

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The entire Nasution household was awakened and frightened by the shooting. Nasution's mother and sister, Mardiah, also lived in the house and ran to his bedroom. Mardiah grabbed Nasution's five-year-old daughter, Irma, from her bed, cradling the child protectively in her arms, and tried to run to

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Suharto, now a brigadier general, was commissioned by Nasution to create a strategic force unit that would be on standby, ready to be called into action at any time. Suharto was placed in charge of this task force and in March 1961, the General Army Reserve (Caduad) was formed, with Suharto being

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In July 1978, together with former vice-president Hatta, Nasution set up the Institute for Constitutional Awareness Foundation (YLKB). Suharto's government moved quickly and did not allow YLKB to conduct its first meeting in January 1979. Nasution and the YLKB did not give up. In August 1979, it

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With his new powers, Suharto began purging the government of what he perceived to be communist influence. After the arrest of 15 cabinet ministers on 18 March 1966, Suharto went after the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS), removing members thought to be communist sympathizers and

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At around 2 pm, after the G30S Movement announced the formation of a Revolutionary Council, Nasution sent another order to Suharto, Martadinata, and Judodiharjo. In the order, Nasution said that he was convinced that Sukarno had been kidnapped and taken to the G30S headquarters in Halim. He

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Nasution asked Martadinata how the president came to appoint Pranoto. Martadinata replied that during the afternoon he, Judodiharjo, and Dhani had attended a meeting with Sukarno at Halim to decide who should become the army commander now that Yani was dead. The meeting had decided that Pranoto

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Despite the assistance that Nasution gave him in his rise to power, Suharto viewed Nasution as a rival and immediately began working to remove him from power. In 1969, Nasution was barred from speaking at Seskoad and the Military Academy. In 1971, Nasution was suddenly discharged from military

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Assisting Sukarno as supreme commander of ABRI would be an ABRI chief of staff. Sukarno appointed Nasution to the position of ABRI chief of staff and appointed Yani as the army commander. By doing this, Sukarno had decreased Nasution's powers as the ABRI chief of staff was only responsible for

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Since 1956, Nasution had been trying to stamp out corruption in the army, but the return to the 1945 Constitution seemed to have renewed his resolve in this matter. He believed that the army should set an example for the rest of society. Not long after Sukarno's decree, Nasution sent Brigadier

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As 1966 wore on, Sukarno was increasingly on the defensive and his popularity was at an all-time low. Suharto, who knew that his political victory was near, took to playing the role of the polite Javanese by constantly giving Sukarno reassuring words and defending him from the protests. Other

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colonial government wanted to discharge the soldiers trained by the Japanese and integrate more soldiers trained by the Dutch. The Japanese-trained troops, led by Bambang Supeno, began speaking out against this policy. In adopting their policy, Nasution and Simatupang had the backing of Prime

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and the Dutch colonial authorities established an officer reserve corps that admitted pribumi (native Indonesians). Nasution applied to join, as this was the only way to obtain military training. Along with a few other Indonesians, he was sent to the Bandung Military Academy for training. In

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Tendean loaded his weapon and ran from the house, but was caught within a few steps. In the darkness, he was mistaken for Nasution and taken away at gunpoint. After pushing her husband out of the house, Mrs Nasution ran inside and picked up her wounded daughter. As she phoned for a doctor,

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The meeting was unsuccessful in persuading Yani to distance himself from Sukarno, but delegates agreed to hold seminars where officers could talk about the current political climate and the role of the army in politics. As the year went on, a document was circulated in Jakarta. Dubbed the

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car. Nasution then sent a message to Suharto at Kostrad headquarters, telling him that he was alive and safe. After knowing that Suharto was taking command of the army, Nasution then ordered him to take measures such as finding the whereabouts of the president, contacting navy commander

1580:. The rationale behind this was that with Sukarno being appointed president for life, there would be no elections, and without elections, the PKI would not be able to get in power no matter how much the party grew. The motion was carried through and Sukarno became president for life. 1772:

president for life, his plan of work as president, and how the Constitution worked in practice. This MPRS would refuse to ratify this speech. Over the next two weeks, Nasution presided over a busy MPRS General Session. Under his Chairmanship, the MPRS took measures such as banning

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stopped, knowing that their motion would be defeated because of Golkar's dominance. For signatories to the petition such as Nasution, Suharto imposed travel bans and made business dealings difficult so that the petition signatories would have a hard time making a living.

2371: 1202:, which looked after the security of West Java. In this position, Nasution developed the theory of territorial warfare which would become the future defense doctrine of the Indonesian Army. In January 1948, the Indonesian Government and the Dutch Government signed the 1705:

for his broken ankle. Once Jakarta was safely secured, Martadinata came to the Kostrad headquarters with a copy of the Presidential Decree which appointed Pranoto. After seeing the decree, Suharto invited Martadinata and Nasution into a room to discuss the situation.

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For this cause, Nasution and Simatupang also mobilised civilian protesters. Sukarno came out of the Presidential Palace and convinced both soldiers and civilians to go home. Nasution and Simatupang had been defeated. Nasution and Simatupang were then questioned by

1482:. Sungkono's findings revealed that during his time as regional commander, Suharto had set up foundations to help local people. However, these foundations were funded through compulsory levies (instead of voluntary donations) on production and service industries. 2443: 5407: 2625: 2335: 1914:

In an interview in 1995, Nasution encouraged Indonesia to go through a reconciliation process so that the nation could be united under the leadership of Suharto. On 5 October 1997, on the occasion of ABRI's anniversary, Nasution was given the honorary rank

1784:(Nawaksara Addendum), the report spoke about Sukarno's insistence on calling G30S the 1 October Movement (Gestok). On G30S, Sukarno said that PKI made a big mistake on the morning of 1 October but also added that this was due to the cunning of the 1687:

therefore ordered ABRI to free the president, restore security to Jakarta, and most importantly, appointed Suharto to head the operations. Just as Suharto began working, however, a message came from Sukarno at Halim. Sukarno had decided to appoint

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On 19 December 1948, the Dutch launched a successful attack on Yogyakarta and occupied it. Nasution, together with the TNI and the other commanders, retreated into the countryside to fight a guerrilla war. With President Sukarno and Vice-President

1206:, dividing Java between areas under Dutch and Indonesian control. Because the territories occupied by the Dutch included West Java, Nasution was forced to lead the Siliwangi Division across to Central Java and into Indonesian-controlled territory. 1416:, Nasution declared that ABRI should adopt a "middle way in its approach to the nation. According to Nasution, ABRI should not be under the control of civilians. At the same time, ABRI should not dominate the nation in such a way that it became a 1520:, where the attending nations promised to support Indonesia's claim. The Dutch remained adamant and by 1960, Sukarno had run out of patience. In July, he met with his top advisors, including Nasution, and it was agreed that Indonesia would 1279:. Thousands of communist party members were killed and 36,000 were imprisoned. Amongst the executed were several leaders including Musso, who was killed on 31 October, allegedly while trying to escape from prison. Other PKI leaders such as 2571: 2564: 1516:. When the Dutch finally recognised Indonesia's independence, West Papua continued to be a Dutch colony. Sukarno did not give up and continued to push for it to be included as part of Indonesia through the United Nations and through the 1768:(Order of the Eleventh of March) as the first agenda on the list by walking into the assembly hall with the physical document. The next day, on 21 June, the MPRS ratified Supersemar, making it illegal for Sukarno to withdraw it. 1847:' anniversary. in which he denied allegations of corruption and claimed that if he had to, he would kidnap MPR members if that would prevent the MPR from having the two-thirds majority required to change the constitution. 1347:(DPR). The DPR members then began making their disagreements on the restructuring of TNI known. Nasution and Simatupang were not happy to see what they perceived to be interference in military affairs by civilians. On 1440:(PRRI). This prompted the central government to deploy troops. As army chief of staff, Nasution would normally have been involved in mobilising the troops to Sumatra. However, it would be his second deputy, Colonel 1149:, having been posted there to defend the port. Nasution then found his way back to Bandung and went into hiding, as he was afraid of being arrested by the Japanese. However, he later assisted the Japanese-backed 1054:. He had a falling-out with Suharto, who saw him as a rival, and he was pushed out of power in 1971. Once he was removed from positions of power, Nasution developed into a political opponent of Suharto's 1387:

approach which Indonesia had adopted since November 1945. In this, he found a common bond with Nasution and the army, who still harboured resentment of civilian interference with army affairs in 1952.

1237:. Nasution immediately went to work in his new role. In April, he assisted Sudirman in reorganising the structure of the troops. In June, at a commanders' meeting, his suggestion that TNI should fight 1969:

Nasution was married to Johanna Sunarti (1 November 1923 – 20 March 2010), a Surabaya-born humanitarian, with whom he had two daughters, Hendriyanti Sahara (1952 – 18 June 2021) and Ade Irma Suryani.

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to continue his studies, where he remained for three years. His desire to be a teacher gradually faded as his interest in politics grew. He secretly bought books written by the Indonesian nationalist

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managed to hold a meeting which DPR members attended. Perhaps significantly, ABRI members attended the meeting. During the meeting, Nasution criticised the New Order for not fully implementing

1818:(political bum). Once he was removed from positions of power, Nasution developed into a political opponent of the New Order regime. By the late 70s, Suharto's regime had turned from popular to 5457: 5397: 5452: 1850:

Nasution then decided that the opponents of the regime should make a major statement. He gathered ABRI members who were disgruntled with the Suharto regime such as former governor of Jakarta

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by mosquitoes and were awake. Neither heard the guards being overpowered but Mrs Nasution heard a door being forced. She got out of bed to check and on opening the bedroom door, she saw a

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administrative matters and commenced no troops. Now in a powerless position, Nasution began to think of other ways to stop the PKI's momentum. The right moment came at the Provisional

1532:). At the beginning of 1962, Nasution and Yani were the overall commanders of the so-called Liberation of West Irian, with Suharto stationed in east Indonesia as the field commander. 4236: 5422: 5417: 1437: 861: 3744: 1524:

against the Dutch on the matter of West Papua. As part of the preparation for this campaign, Nasution turned to Suharto, who had finished his Seskoad course in November 1960.

1038:. Nasution's house was attacked, and his daughter was killed, but he managed to escape by scaling a wall and hiding in the Iraqi ambassador's residence. In the following 4137: 4103: 2489: 1806:

service at the age of 53, two years before the designated retirement age of 55. Nasution was finally removed in 1972 as the new batch of MPR members (elected during the

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against the Dutch was approved. Although not the Commander of the TNI, Nasution gained experience in the role of Armed Forces Commander in September 1948 with the

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Muslim family. He was the second child of his parents and the oldest son. His father was a trader who sold textiles, rubber, and coffee and was a member of the

3645: 2236: 2004: 1142: 3390: 5141: 3073:"59. Memorandum From the Director of the Office of Southeast Asian Affairs (Mein) to the Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs (Robertson)" 1133: 4229: 4042: 2557: 273: 3695: 3017: 2806:

Cribb, Robert (October 2001). "Military strategy in the Indonesian revolution: Nasution's concept of "Total People's War" in theory and practice".

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organisation. His very religious father wanted his son to study at a religious school, while his mother wanted him to study medicine in

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if they refused to obey Dhani's orders. By 6 am on 2 October, Halim was overtaken and the G30S Movement was officially put down.

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joined in. Together with many other well-known critics of the government, they signed a petition that would become known as

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September 1940 he was promoted to corporal, then three months later to sergeant. He subsequently became an officer in the

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was suspected of being a G30S sympathiser. Suharto immediately integrated these orders into his plan to secure the city.

5427: 4524: 2754: 1946: 1549: 1067: 1035: 570: 1552:(PKI) instead of the army as his main political ally. Although he had set Indonesia on a non-aligned course during the 5432: 5256: 2525: 2028: 1894: 1355:. Protesting against civilian interference in military affairs, Nasution and Simatupang had their troops surround the 1039: 961: 88: 1760:

replacing them with members more sympathetic to the army's cause. During the purge, the MPRS also lost its chairman,

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and read them with his friends. Following his graduation in 1937, Nasution returned to Sumatra and taught in

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Sudirman was anxious to avoid violence and wanted negotiations to be conducted. Sudirman then commissioned

5236: 5211: 4843: 4838: 4777: 4670: 4459: 4424: 4339: 4264: 2507: 1540: 1367: 1348: 633: 580: 5095: 2434: 1676: 1233:, this appointment made Nasution the most powerful person in the TNI, second only to the popular General 5065: 4946: 4900: 4802: 4379: 4259: 2244: 2136: 1633: 1615: 1528:

appointed as its commander. Caduad would in 1963 change its name to the Army Strategic Reserve Command (

1417: 1187: 1055: 1031: 1008: 888: 851: 815: 3576: 2316: 1961: 1119: 3249: 2298: 2064: 1444:

who would make his name by successfully putting down the rebellions. On 5 July 1959, Sukarno issued a

1098:. However, after graduating from school in 1932, Nasution received a scholarship to study teaching at 5387: 5382: 5331: 5261: 5191: 4977: 4590: 4544: 4494: 4454: 4449: 4409: 4334: 4329: 4269: 4123: 4113: 2380: 2272: 1977: 1855: 1839: 1734:

On 24 February 1966, Nasution was removed from his position as Minister of Defense and Security in a

1691: 1657: 1280: 363: 304: 5311: 5075: 1859: 1822:

and corrupt. At this time many voices began to openly speak out and criticise the regime. After the

5321: 5181: 4812: 4807: 4782: 4772: 4645: 4620: 4394: 4374: 4344: 4304: 3072: 2447: 2429: 2424: 2411: 2398: 2393: 2375: 2362: 2357: 2339: 2321: 2303: 2285: 2267: 2249: 2231: 2213: 2195: 2177: 2159: 2141: 2123: 2105: 2087: 2069: 2051: 2033: 1874: 1755:

Nasution congratulated General Suharto on his appointment as the acting president, on 12 March 1967

1475: 1359:

and point their tank turrets at it. Their demand to Sukarno was that the current DPR be dismissed.

5060: 3973:

Sejarah TNI-AD 1945—1973: Riwayat Hidup Singkat Pimpinan Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat

2784: 2172: 1843:

such as Golkar. Suharto followed this up with another speech on 16 April 1980, on the occasion of

1697:

Nasution arrived at the Kostrad headquarters at around 6 pm, just as Suharto began deploying

95: 5226: 5221: 4936: 4640: 3499: 3473: 3222: 3123: 2994: 2452: 2344: 2128: 1698: 1594: 1577: 1561: 1517: 1513: 1453: 1399: 1391: 1276: 1269: 1203: 1199: 1173: 1126:, where he continued to teach, but became more and more interested in politics and the military. 1016: 767: 316: 238: 2190: 1370:. In December 1952, they both lost their positions in ABRI and were suspended from the service. 1229:

1948 would also see Nasution rise to the position of Deputy TNI Commander. Despite being only a

2200: 1512:

During the struggle for independence, Sukarno had always perceived Indonesia as also including

5125: 5110: 5018: 4685: 4349: 3956: 3937: 3914: 3895: 3876: 3715: 3555: 3528: 3447: 3174: 3164: 3052: 3046: 2952: 2942: 2917: 2907: 2838: 2717: 2680: 2653: 2598: 1886: 1340: 1314: 1309: 1262: 1238: 1087: 1024: 981: 893: 876: 856: 846: 679: 543: 3614: 5351: 5286: 5216: 5161: 5146: 5008: 4720: 4655: 4444: 4389: 4314: 4284: 4274: 4089: 4032: 3119: 2990: 2815: 2539: 2280: 2262: 2118: 1773: 1664: 1598: 1380: 1364: 1323: 1250: 405: 2406: 1576:(PNI) as well as the Army members present put forward the motion that Sukarno be appointed 5356: 5341: 5326: 5251: 5201: 5186: 5171: 5166: 4987: 4926: 4797: 4549: 4429: 4384: 4309: 4181: 1996: 1870: 1827: 1715: 1327: 1111: 834: 772: 705: 511: 2164: 2370: 1058:, though he and Suharto began to reconcile in the 1990s. He died on 6 September 2000 in 5361: 5316: 5271: 5196: 4962: 4895: 4874: 4792: 4675: 4615: 4605: 4439: 4419: 4399: 2388: 2352: 2218: 1917: 1785: 1672: 1637: 1490: 1356: 1288: 2442: 5376: 5291: 5231: 5100: 5039: 5013: 4972: 4879: 4690: 4650: 4610: 4600: 4564: 4529: 4519: 4474: 4164: 4057: 2110: 1950: 1864: 1819: 1761: 1701:'s troops to secure Jakarta from the G30S Movement. There, Nasution finally received 1688: 1557: 1495: 1457: 1352: 1242: 1091: 1083: 829: 498: 253: 17: 3780:

Daftar WNI yang Menerima Tanda Kehormatan Bintang Republik Indonesia 1959 - sekarang

3420: 155: 5336: 5296: 5246: 5080: 5070: 5003: 4982: 4921: 4905: 4625: 4559: 4359: 4324: 4074: 2621: 2334: 2208: 2092: 1814:

to replace him as MPR chairman. Nasution's drastic fall earned him the nickname of

1811: 1751: 1433: 1413: 1343:. However, Supeno managed to find support from among the opposition parties in the 1331: 1130: 805: 265: 2100: 3971: 3934:

A General without Troops, a Politician without a Party: The Life of A.H. Nasution

3832:

Daftar WNI yang Mendapat Tanda Kehormatan Bintang Mahaputera tahun 1959 s.d. 2003

3806:

Daftar WNI yang Mendapat Tanda Kehormatan Bintang Mahaputera tahun 1959 s.d. 2003

2674: 1572:(MPRS) General Session in May 1963. During the General Session, Nasution had the 1114:, living near the house where Sukarno lived in exile. He occasionally spoke with 5408:

Grand Crosses 1st class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany

5120: 5115: 4869: 4735: 4630: 4514: 4464: 4319: 4294: 3472:[General History of Opposition]. Detik. 19 November 1998. Archived from 2587: 2503: 2082: 1851: 1645: 944:; 3 December 1918 – 6 September 2000) was a high-ranking Indonesian general and 37: 4214: 2819: 5346: 5206: 4864: 4859: 4767: 4715: 4539: 4279: 4206: 4022: 1908: 1765: 1739: 1680: 1441: 1099: 945: 638: 466: 227: 142: 3178: 1834:

party, Nasution said that there was a crisis in leadership in the New Order.

1322:

In December 1949, Nasution took on his position as army chief of staff, with

321: 5306: 5301: 5156: 5151: 4751: 4705: 4680: 4660: 4635: 4479: 3930:

Jenderal Tanpa Pasukan, Politisi Tanpa Partai: Perjalana Hidup A.H. Nasution

3018:"17 Oktober 1952, Saat Para Perwira TNI AD Arahkan Moncong Meriam ke Istana" 2956: 2921: 2626:

Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"

1728: 1702: 1620: 1404: 1123: 1020: 684: 1198:

against the Dutch. In May 1946, he was appointed Regional Commander of the

3158: 4700: 4665: 4484: 4469: 4434: 4354: 2936: 2901: 2521: 1926: 1844: 1553: 1486: 1409: 1234: 1146: 866: 745: 3894:(in Indonesian) (Indonesian ed.). Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia. 1452:. Parliamentary democracy system would be ended and Sukarno was now the 1423: 5034: 4931: 4833: 4725: 4509: 4504: 4489: 4414: 4147: 3696:"Putri Sulung Jenderal AH Nasution Meninggal Dunia Akibat Gagal Ginjal" 2485: 1984: 1938: 1922: 1625: 1529: 1479: 1272: 1230: 1179: 1115: 1107: 1103: 1095: 1059: 1043: 985: 973: 559: 202: 197: 3607:"[INDONESIA-NEWS] FORUM KEADILAN - Jenderal AH Nasution Wafat" 4828: 4710: 4499: 3936:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Pusat Data dan Analisa Tempo (PDAT). 2374:

Military Operational Service Medal for Republik Malaku Selatan 1950 (

1942: 1831: 1485:

Suharto was also involved in illegally bartering sugar for rice with

1336: 1246: 1063: 952:

and he remained in the military during the subsequent turmoil of the

2646:

Siapa Dia?: Perwira Tinggi Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat

1078:

Nasution was born on 3 December 1918 in the village of Hutapungkut,

1624:

Nasution having his foot treated while discussing the situation at

5105: 3575:

Mulyani, Ester; Rosalina, Olivia; Azril, Andi (7 September 2000).

1960: 1539: 1422: 1313: 1254: 1213: 977: 3855: 3765: 2652:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Penerbit Djambatan. p. 220. 2356:

Military Operational Service Medal for Angkatan Ratu Adil 1947 (

1675:, marine corps commander Hartono as well as the chief of police 1632:

On the morning of 1 October 1965, troops calling themselves the

4218: 3911:

The End of Sukarno: A Coup That Misfired: A Purge That Ran Wild

2676:

Feet to the fire: CIA covert operations in Indonesia, 1957–1958

332:

Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia

31: 1597:, it was a letter purporting to come from British ambassador 1118:

and heard him give speeches. A year later Nasution moved to

984:, he studied teaching and enrolled at a military academy in 3997:(St. Lucia; New York: University of Queensland Press, 1985) 1408:

Doctrine which the Suharto regime would adopt. Speaking at

1153:

militias by carrying messages but did not become a member.

3875:. UK: The Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge. 2868: 2866: 1474:

General Sungkono to investigate the financial dealings of

1448:

declaring that Indonesia would now revert to the original

1390:

On 14 March 1957, after the resignation of Prime Minister

3391:"Peran Nasution Dalam Antar Soeharto Ke Puncak Kekuasaan" 3051:. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 282. 3016:

Muhtarom, Iqbal; Amanda Sair, Puspita (17 October 2021).

1983:

The former residence of Nasution at Jl Teuku Umar No 40,

1427:

Nasution listening to Sukarno reading his decree of 1959

1326:

replacing Sudirman as the commander of the newly dubbed

4003:"Guerrilla Warfare and the Indonesian Strategic Psyche" 3636:

Mastura, Chadijah; Kusnohadi, Agus (6 September 2000).

3324: 3322: 3320: 3295: 3293: 3291: 1987:, in central Jakarta has been converted into a museum. 1265:, a meeting was held between senior military officers. 3892:

Kudeta 1 Oktober 1965: Sebuah Studi Tentang Konspirasi

3737:"Museum AH Nasution, Saksi Bisu Kisah Tragis G30S/PKI" 2883: 2881: 2392:

Military Operational Service Medal for Sulawesi 1958 (

1494:

position and to punish him by sending him to the Army

1351:, Nasution and Simatupang mobilised their troops in a 3554:(in Indonesian). Elex Media Komputindo. p. 235. 1438:

Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia

1261:(PKI). When the news reached the TNI Headquarters in 2338:

Military Operational Service Medal for Madiun 1947 (

2248:

Anniversary of the Struggle for Independence Medal (

1640:, and assistant police commissioner Hamdan Mansjur. 1318:"Fundamentals of Guerrilla Warfare" by A.H. Nasution 5134: 5053: 5027: 4996: 4955: 4914: 4888: 4852: 4821: 4760: 4744: 4573: 4252: 3669:"Istri Jenderal Nasution Wafat dalam Usia 87 Tahun" 1556:, the revelation that the PRRI was assisted by the 905: 786: 751: 741: 731: 714: 693: 672: 667: 659: 647: 626: 599: 586: 576: 566: 549: 526: 521: 504: 491: 483: 459: 449: 441: 422: 412: 398: 390: 369: 356: 348: 329: 310: 298: 290: 271: 259: 247: 211: 190: 169: 136: 62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 5458:Recipients of Order of the Holy Trinity (Ethiopia) 5398:Commanders of the Indonesian National Armed Forces 4043:Abdul Haris Nasution profile on Tokohindonesia.com 2650:Who's Who?: Senior Officers of the Indonesian Army 2237:Bintang Sewindu Angkatan Perang Republik Indonesia 3613:(in Indonesian). 7 September 2000. Archived from 3527:(in Indonesian). Cerdas Interaktif. p. 252. 3444:"Pasang Surut Jenderal yang Selalu Terpinggirkan" 2490:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany 1980:served as Nasution's adjutant from 1946 to 1947. 1714:order saying that they would not be charged with 1293:Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia 1186:on 17 August 1945, Nasution joined the fledgling 2230:Indonesian Armed Forces "8 Years" Service Star ( 1066:and going into a coma. His body was interred at 3955:(reprint ed.). Macmillan Southeast Asian. 3248:. A. Umar Said Official Website. Archived from 2266:Military Long Service Medal, 16 Years Service ( 1548:Around this time, Sukarno had begun to see the 5453:Speakers of the People's Consultative Assembly 3913:(3rd ed.). Singapore: Archipelago Press. 3040: 3038: 2255:Satyalancana Peringatan Perjuangan Kemerdekaan 2050:Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 3rd Class ( 2032:Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 2nd Class ( 1027:. He was reappointed to the position in 1955. 980:Muslim family, in the village of Hutapungkut, 4230: 4138:Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Armed Forces 4065:Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly 3735:Prasetya, Anggara Wikan (27 September 2020). 3246:"Fakta Kebenaran Korban Tragedi Peristiwa 65" 3163:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 1383:, in response to his disenchantment with the 1015:. In 1946, he was appointed commander of the 8: 5423:Indonesian collaborators with Imperial Japan 5418:Royal Netherlands East Indies Army personnel 3638:"Suasana Duka Menyelimuti Pemakaman Pak Nas" 2736: 2699: 2673:Conboy, Kenneth J.; Morrison, James (1999). 2410:Military Service Medal for Irian Jaya 1962 ( 1945:and going into a coma. He was buried at the 3995:Abdul Haris Nasution: a political biography 3720:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2941:. London: RoutledgeCurzon. pp. 94–96. 2749: 2747: 2745: 479:27 December 1949 – 18 October 1952 4237: 4223: 4215: 4046: 3970:Indonesian Army Bureau of History (1981), 3048:A History of Modern Indonesia Since C.1200 154: 133: 3928:Prsetyo, Adi; Hadad, Toriq, eds. (1998). 3217:Wibisono, Christianto (20 January 2004). 2837:. Cornell University Press. p. 233. 2524:: Knight Grand Cross of the Most Exalted 2428:Northern Borneo Military Campaign Medal ( 1034:occurred, later officially blamed on the 122:Learn how and when to remove this message 4130:as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 2872: 2857: 1999:(1945–1971), and then as Speaker of the 1858:, and former deputy army chief of staff 1750: 1619: 1245:. Following the takeover of the city of 1145:Indonesia. At the time, Nasution was in 286:10 July 1959 – 22 February 1966 3417:"Transcript of Nawaksara Supplementary" 2906:. London: RoutledgeCurzon. p. 87. 2835:Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia 2636: 1249:in East Java, by former Prime Minister 1042:, he assisted in the rise of President 948:. He served in the military during the 800: 765: 437:1 November 1955 – 21 June 1962 225: 186:20 June 1966 – 28 October 1972 5393:Chiefs of staff of the Indonesian Army 3856:Indonesian Army Bureau of History 1981 3766:Indonesian Army Bureau of History 1981 3713: 3524:Kumpulan Pahlawan Indonesia Terlengkap 3376: 3328: 3311: 3299: 3282: 3270: 2176:Star of Swa Bhuwana Paksa, 1st Class ( 2140:Star of Kartika Eka Paksi, 1st Class ( 4197:Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army 4172:Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army 4104:Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 3747:from the original on 27 February 2023 3419:. Tempo. 5 April 1997. Archived from 3204: 3144: 3101: 3089: 2887: 2446:Medal for Combat Against Communists ( 2291:Satyalancana Jasadharma Angkatan Laut 2104:Military Distinguished Service Star ( 2039:Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipradana 1937:Nasution died on 6 September 2000 in 7: 5443:People from Mandailing Natal Regency 4370:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono 3993:C.L.M. Penders and Ulf Sundhaussen, 3114:Sumbogo, Priyono B. (8 March 1997). 2679:. Naval Institute Press. p. 3. 1965:AH Nasution with his family in 1965. 962:fall of President Sukarno from power 60:adding citations to reliable sources 4096:as Chief of Staff of the War Forces 3364: 3352: 3340: 2985:Sujatmoko, Bambang (8 March 1997). 1478:(Kodam) and its commander, Colonel 1476:Military Area Command IV/Diponegoro 616: 27:Indonesian army general (1918–2000) 3988:Fundamentals of Guerrilla Warfare. 3587:from the original on 15 March 2023 2327:Satyalancana Perang Kemerdekaan II 2284:Navy Distinguished Service Medal ( 1658:Major General Umar Wirahadikusumah 1436:declared the establishment of the 1139:Royal Netherlands East Indies Army 1019:, the guerrilla unit operating in 993:Royal Netherlands East Indies Army 386:December 1955 – July 1959 344:January 1962 – March 1966 25: 3442:Pour, Julius (7 September 2000). 3389:Suwalu, Sulangkung (8 May 1999). 3221:. Suara Pembaruan. Archived from 2972:Fundamentals of Guerrilla Warfare 2938:Southeast Asia : a testament 2903:Southeast Asia : a testament 2309:Satyalancana Perang Kemerdekaan I 2122:Star of Yudha Dharma, 1st Class ( 2003:(1966–1972), he received several 1628:HQ on the night of 1 October 1965 4154:as Commander of the Armed Forces 4025: 4001:McElhatton, Emmet (8 May 2008). 3648:from the original on 26 May 2022 3498:. 18 August 1993. Archived from 3393:. munindo.brd.de. Archived from 3191:Bob Catley and Vinsensio Dugis, 2614: 2580: 2550: 2542:: Grand Cross and Collar of the 2532: 2514: 2496: 2478: 2441: 2423: 2405: 2387: 2369: 2351: 2333: 2315: 2297: 2279: 2273:Satyalancana Kesetiaan XVI Tahun 2261: 2243: 2225: 2207: 2194:Star of Bhayangkara, 1st Class ( 2189: 2171: 2153: 2135: 2117: 2099: 2081: 2063: 2057:Bintang Republik Indonesia Utama 2045: 2027: 1605:G30S and Transition to New Order 1522:pursue a policy of confrontation 1224:Indonesian National Armed Forces 651: 274:Minister of Defense and Security 36: 5106:Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah 3951:Ricklefs, Merle Calvin (1982). 3577:"Jenderal Besar Nasution Wafat" 2935:Kahin, George McTurnan (2003). 2900:Kahin, George McTurnan (2003). 2833:Kahin, George McTurnan (1952). 2183:Bintang Swa Bhuwana Paksa Utama 2147:Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi Utama 2068:Star of Mahaputera, 2nd Class ( 1660:, rushed to the Nasution home. 1345:People's Representative Council 1007:, he enlisted in the fledgling 612: 47:needs additional citations for 5403:Defense ministers of Indonesia 3873:Suharto: A Political Biography 3496:"Nasution Meets Suharto Again" 3219:"Hentikan "Bharata Yuda" 2004" 3077:United States State Department 2970:Nasution, Abdul Haris (1953). 2755:"General Abdul Haris Nasution" 2001:People's Consultative Assembly 1801:Fall from power and opposition 1570:People's Consultative Assembly 1196:Indonesian National Revolution 1194:(TKR), which was fighting the 1163:Indonesian National Revolution 1157:Indonesian National Revolution 1052:People's Consultative Assembly 1013:Indonesian National Revolution 970:People's Consultative Assembly 950:Indonesian National Revolution 825:Indonesian National Revolution 1: 3953:A History of Modern Indonesia 3694:Liputan6.com (18 June 2021). 3470:"Sejarah Jenderal Beroposisi" 3160:A history of modern Indonesia 2158:Star of Jalasena, 1st Class ( 2075:Bintang Mahaputera Adipradana 1921:, a rank that he shared with 1826:, in which there was alleged 1663:A guard outside the house of 1374:Second term as chief of staff 1141:(KNIL). In 1942 the Japanese 5438:National Heroes of Indonesia 4525:Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution 4246:National Heroes of Indonesia 2783:. pdat.co.id. Archived from 2644:Bachtiar, Harsja W. (1998). 2506:: Knight Grand Cross of the 2320:2nd Independence War Medal ( 2302:1st Independence War Medal ( 1550:Communist Party of Indonesia 1544:Nasution in uniform, c. 1960 1304:First term as chief of staff 1102:. In 1935 Nasution moved to 1036:Communist Party of Indonesia 1005:proclamation of independence 918: 5257:Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan 3667:Yuli, ed. (21 March 2010). 3193:The Garuda and The Kangaroo 2526:Order of the White Elephant 1895:Indonesian Democratic Party 1536:Rivalry with the Communists 1299:Parliamentary democracy era 5474: 5413:Indonesian anti-communists 5337:Syech Yusuf Tajul Khalwati 5045:Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes 2820:10.1179/072924701799733190 2716:. Macmillan. p. 314. 2606:Philippine Legion of Honor 2572:Order of the People's Army 2565:Order of the Yugoslav Flag 2129:Bintang Yudha Dharma Utama 1613: 1505: 1307: 1283:went into exile in China. 1259:Indonesian Communist Party 1171: 1160: 991:He became a member of the 811:Dutch East Indies campaign 425:Chief of Staff of the Army 160:Portrait of Nasution, 1971 5242:I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung 4596:Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe 4405:Lambertus Nicodemus Palar 4290:Alexander Andries Maramis 4203: 4194: 4188: 4178: 4169: 4161: 4144: 4135: 4120: 4110: 4101: 4086: 4081: 4071: 4062: 4054: 4049: 2987:"Dwifungsi Di Tiga Zaman" 2574:with Laurer Wreath (1960) 2544:Order of the Holy Trinity 2417:Satyalancana Satya Dharma 2201:Bintang Bhayangkara Utama 1947:Kalibata Heroes' Cemetery 1877:as well as PDRI chairman 1869:. Former prime ministers 1854:, former chief of police 1824:1977 legislative election 1808:1971 legislative election 1574:Indonesian National Party 1456:in addition to being the 1068:Kalibata Heroes' Cemetery 1001:Defenders of the Homeland 927: 571:Kalibata Heroes' Cemetery 517: 472: 430: 379: 337: 279: 179: 165: 153: 5277:Martha Christina Tiahahu 5267:Mahmud Shah III of Johor 4942:Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro 4788:Donald Izacus Pandjaitan 4696:Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo 4555:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto 4535:Sjafruddin Prawiranegara 4365:Ida Anak Agung Gde Agung 3551:13 Wasiat Terlarang + CD 3446:. Kompas. Archived from 3157:Vickers, Adrian (2005). 2737:Prsetyo & Hadad 1998 2700:Prsetyo & Hadad 1998 2435:Satyalancana Wira Dharma 1891:United Development Party 1879:Syafruddin Prawiranegara 1291:in Dutch captivity, the 1184:Indonesia's independence 1134:occupied the Netherlands 1080:Mandailing Natal Regency 418:ACM Soerjadi Soerjadarma 5448:People of Batak descent 5282:Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin 5091:Albertus Soegijapranata 4968:Johannes Abraham Dimara 4731:Robert Wolter Mongisidi 4300:Andi Sultan Daeng Radja 3990:New York: Praeger, 1965 3890:Fic, Victor M. (2005). 3548:Santosa, Ippho (2008). 1508:West New Guinea dispute 1385:Parliamentary Democracy 1009:Indonesian armed forces 954:Parliamentary democracy 872:West New Guinea dispute 778:Indonesian Armed Forces 455:Maj. Gen. Bambang Utoyo 172:Speaker of the People's 5237:I Gusti Ketut Jelantik 5212:Raja Haji Fisabilillah 4844:Wahidin Soedirohoesodo 4839:Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo 4778:Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono 4671:Muhammad Mangundiprojo 4460:Rajiman Wediodiningrat 4425:Mohammad Husni Thamrin 4340:Ferdinand Lumbantobing 4265:Abdul Halim Majalengka 3909:Hughes, John (2002) . 3871:Elson, Robert (2001). 3045:M.C. Ricklefs (2008). 2781:"Abdul Haris Nasution" 2508:Order of Orange-Nassau 2451: 2433: 2415: 2397: 2381:Satyalancana G.O.M III 2379: 2361: 2343: 2325: 2307: 2289: 2271: 2253: 2235: 2217: 2199: 2181: 2165:Bintang Jalasena Utama 2163: 2145: 2127: 2109: 2091: 2073: 2055: 2042:) (26 September 1997) 2037: 1966: 1810:) came in and elected 1756: 1629: 1545: 1469:Corruption in the army 1428: 1319: 1226: 1192:People's Security Army 1011:and fought during the 701:Dutch East Indies Army 540:Koetanopan, Mandailing 375:General Suharto (1968) 71:"Abdul Haris Nasution" 5066:Abdul Wahab Hasbullah 4947:Maria Walanda Maramis 4901:Wage Rudolf Supratman 4803:Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto 4380:Iwa Koesoemasoemantri 4330:Djoeanda Kartawidjaja 4260:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir 4090:Tahi Bonar Simatupang 2974:. Praeger. p. 6. 2712:Keegan, John (1979). 2488:: Grand Cross of the 2399:Satyalancana G.O.M IV 2363:Satyalancana G.O.M II 1995:As an officer in the 1964: 1754: 1634:30 September Movement 1623: 1616:30 September Movement 1543: 1506:Further information: 1426: 1418:military dictatorship 1398:, Sukarno declared a 1339:and Defense Minister 1317: 1308:Further information: 1217: 942:Abdoel Haris Nasution 889:30 September Movement 852:Darul Islam rebellion 715:Years of service 406:Tahi Bonar Simatupang 174:Consultative Assembly 18:Abdul Harris Nasution 5332:Sisingamangaraja XII 5262:Mahmud Badaruddin II 5192:Teungku Chik di Tiro 5086:As'ad Syamsul Arifin 4978:Pajonga Daeng Ngalie 4581:Abdul Haris Nasution 4545:Teuku Muhammad Hasan 4495:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto 4450:Oto Iskandar di Nata 4410:Maskoen Soemadiredja 4335:Ernest Douwes Dekker 4270:Abdurrahman Baswedan 4124:Soerjadi Soerjadarma 4114:Soerjadi Soerjadarma 4005:. Small Wars Journal 3502:on 15 September 2006 3476:on 18 September 2006 3450:on 29 September 2007 3397:on 27 September 2007 3126:on 18 September 2006 2997:on 18 September 2006 2453:Satyalancana Penegak 2345:Satyalancana G.O.M I 2060:) (10 January 1963) 1978:Umar Wirahadikusumah 1856:Hoegeng Imam Santoso 1747:Chairman of the MPRS 1692:Pranoto Reksosamudro 1464:Guided Democracy era 1190:, then known as the 1143:invaded and occupied 1062:, after suffering a 995:, but following the 934:Abdul Haris Nasution 364:Soerjadi Soerjadarma 305:Djuanda Kartawidjaja 148:Abdul Haris Nasution 56:improve this article 5428:Indonesian generals 5322:Ranggong Daeng Romo 5096:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo 4813:Sutoyo Siswomiharjo 4783:Katamso Darmokusumo 4773:Karel Satsuit Tubun 4621:Halim Perdanakusuma 4395:Kasman Singodimedjo 4375:I Gusti Ketut Pudja 4345:Gatot Mangkoepradja 4305:Arie Frederik Lasut 3367:, pp. 270–271. 2787:on 20 December 2005 2761:. 19 September 2000 1875:Burhanuddin Harahap 1816:gelandangan politik 1782:Pelengkap Nawaksara 1677:Sucipto Judodiharjo 1357:Presidential Palace 736:General of the army 139:General of the Army 5433:Indonesian Muslims 5227:Tuanku Imam Bonjol 4937:Ki Hajar Dewantara 4711:Sutomo (Bung Tomo) 4641:I Gusti Ngurah Rai 4586:Abdul Rahman Saleh 4050:Political offices 3858:, p. 120-121. 3521:Mirnawati (2012). 3252:on 1 November 2006 2570:First Rank of the 2563:First Rank of the 1967: 1941:after suffering a 1757: 1722:Missed opportunity 1699:Sarwo Edhie Wibowo 1630: 1610:Kidnapping attempt 1595:Gilchrist Document 1584:Division with Yani 1578:president for life 1546: 1518:Bandung Conference 1454:Head of Government 1429: 1400:State of Emergency 1392:Ali Sastroamidjojo 1320: 1277:Siliwangi Division 1270:Lieutenant Colonel 1227: 1204:Renville Agreement 1200:Siliwangi Division 1174:Siliwangi Division 1168:Siliwangi Division 1046:and was appointed 1017:Siliwangi Division 867:Permesta rebellion 768:Siliwangi Division 239:Melanchton Siregar 5370: 5369: 5126:Nyai Ahmad Dahlan 5019:Tirto Adhi Soerjo 4686:Oerip Soemohardjo 4656:R. E. Martadinata 4350:Hamengkubuwono IX 4213: 4212: 4204:Succeeded by 4179:Succeeded by 4157: 4145:Succeeded by 4133: 4111:Succeeded by 4099: 4082:Military offices 4072:Succeeded by 3962:978-0-333-24380-0 3943:978-979-9065-02-5 3920:978-981-4068-65-9 3901:978-979-461-555-3 3882:978-0-521-77326-3 3743:(in Indonesian). 3644:(in Indonesian). 3611:library.ohiou.edu 3583:(in Indonesian). 3561:978-979-27-2526-1 3534:978-979-788-343-0 3314:, pp. 41–42. 3273:, pp. 40–42. 3225:on 16 August 2004 3092:, pp. 57–58. 2808:War & Society 2739:, pp. 35–41. 2723:978-0-333-17236-0 2702:, pp. 21–34. 2686:978-1-55750-193-6 2659:978-979-428-100-0 2604:Commander of the 2599:Order of Sikatuna 2086:The Sacred Star ( 1887:Petition of Fifty 1736:cabinet reshuffle 1562:Supreme Commander 1450:1945 Constitution 1341:Hamengkubuwono IX 1310:17 October affair 1239:guerrilla warfare 1040:political turmoil 1025:17 October affair 997:Japanese invasion 982:Dutch East Indies 931: 930: 894:Operation Trisula 884:Operation Dwikora 877:Operation Trikora 857:Invasion of Ambon 847:17 October affair 680:Dutch East Indies 544:Dutch East Indies 132: 131: 124: 106: 16:(Redirected from 5465: 5352:Thaha Syaifuddin 5287:Nyi Ageng Serang 5217:Hamengkubuwono I 5162:Andi Mappanyukki 5009:Mohammad Tabrani 4721:T. B. Simatupang 4445:Opu Daeng Risaju 4390:Johannes Leimena 4315:Bagindo Azizchan 4285:Adnan Kapau Gani 4275:Achmad Soebardjo 4239: 4232: 4225: 4216: 4189:Preceded by 4162:Preceded by 4151: 4127: 4121:Preceded by 4093: 4087:Preceded by 4055:Preceded by 4047: 4041: 4035: 4033:Indonesia portal 4030: 4029: 4028: 4014: 4012: 4010: 3977: 3976:, vol. XIII 3966: 3947: 3924: 3905: 3886: 3859: 3853: 3847: 3846: 3844: 3842: 3837: 3827: 3821: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3811: 3801: 3795: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3785: 3775: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3719: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3691: 3685: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3664: 3658: 3657: 3655: 3653: 3633: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3603: 3597: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3572: 3566: 3565: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3518: 3512: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3492: 3486: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3466: 3460: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3439: 3433: 3432: 3430: 3428: 3413: 3407: 3406: 3404: 3402: 3386: 3380: 3374: 3368: 3362: 3356: 3350: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3297: 3286: 3280: 3274: 3268: 3262: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3241: 3235: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3214: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3136: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3122:. Archived from 3111: 3105: 3099: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3080: 3079:. 14 April 1958. 3069: 3063: 3062: 3042: 3033: 3032: 3030: 3028: 3013: 3007: 3006: 3004: 3002: 2993:. Archived from 2982: 2976: 2975: 2967: 2961: 2960: 2932: 2926: 2925: 2897: 2891: 2885: 2876: 2870: 2861: 2855: 2849: 2848: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2803: 2797: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2777: 2771: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2751: 2740: 2734: 2728: 2727: 2709: 2703: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2670: 2664: 2663: 2641: 2620: 2618: 2617: 2586: 2584: 2583: 2567:with Sash (1961) 2556: 2554: 2553: 2540:Ethiopian Empire 2538: 2536: 2535: 2520: 2518: 2517: 2502: 2500: 2499: 2484: 2482: 2481: 2473: 2472: 2468: 2445: 2427: 2409: 2391: 2373: 2355: 2337: 2319: 2301: 2283: 2265: 2247: 2229: 2212:Guerrilla Star ( 2211: 2193: 2175: 2157: 2139: 2121: 2103: 2085: 2067: 2049: 2031: 2023: 2022: 2018: 2011:National honours 2005:Star Decorations 1868: 1796:In the New Order 1786:neo-colonialists 1774:Marxism-Leninism 1665:Johannes Leimena 1599:Andrew Gilchrist 1381:Guided Democracy 1365:Attorney General 1324:T. B. Simatupang 1251:Amir Syarifuddin 1220:Deputy Commander 1218:Nasution as the 1210:Deputy commander 1056:New Order Regime 1003:. Following the 999:, he joined the 972:under President 964:, he became the 960:. Following the 958:Guided Democracy 797: 762: 668:Military service 655: 620: 618: 614: 556: 553:6 September 2000 536: 534: 522:Personal details 507: 494: 477: 462: 452: 435: 423:2nd and 5th 415: 401: 384: 372: 359: 342: 325: 313: 301: 284: 262: 250: 235:Mohammad Subchan 222: 184: 158: 134: 127: 120: 116: 113: 107: 105: 64: 40: 32: 21: 5473: 5472: 5468: 5467: 5466: 5464: 5463: 5462: 5373: 5372: 5371: 5366: 5357:Untung Surapati 5342:Tuanku Tambusai 5327:Ratu Kalinyamat 5252:La Maddukelleng 5202:Cut Nyak Meutia 5187:Bataha Santiago 5182:Sultan Babullah 5172:Prince Antasari 5167:Aria Wangsakara 5152:Ageng Tirtayasa 5130: 5049: 5023: 4992: 4988:Syarif Kasim II 4951: 4927:Herman Johannes 4910: 4884: 4848: 4817: 4798:Siswondo Parman 4761:Revolutionaries 4756: 4740: 4569: 4550:Teuku Nyak Arif 4430:Mohammad Natsir 4385:Izaak Huru Doko 4310:Arnold Mononutu 4248: 4243: 4209: 4200: 4192: 4184: 4182:Bambang Soegeng 4175: 4167: 4150: 4141: 4126: 4116: 4107: 4092: 4077: 4068: 4060: 4040:(in 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835:Operation Kraai 799: 798: 793: 782: 773:Indonesian Army 764: 763: 758: 727: 710: 706:Indonesian Army 689: 643: 622: 610: 606: 605:Johanna Sunarti 588: 587:Other political 577:Political party 558: 554: 538: 537:3 December 1918 532: 530: 512:Bambang Soegeng 505: 492: 478: 473: 460: 450: 436: 431: 413: 399: 385: 380: 370: 357: 343: 338: 319: 311: 299: 285: 280: 260: 248: 243: 224: 223: 218: 207: 185: 180: 173: 161: 149: 146: 128: 117: 111: 108: 65: 63: 53: 41: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5471: 5469: 5461: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5375: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5364: 5362:Zainal Mustafa 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5317:Radin Inten II 5314: 5312:Raden Mattaher 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5272:Mangkunegara I 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5197:Cut Nyak Dhien 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 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4606:Djamin Ginting 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4577: 4575: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4440:Nani Wartabone 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4420:Mohammad Hatta 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4400:Kusumah Atmaja 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4256: 4254: 4250: 4249: 4244: 4242: 4241: 4234: 4227: 4219: 4211: 4210: 4205: 4202: 4193: 4190: 4186: 4185: 4180: 4177: 4168: 4163: 4159: 4158: 4146: 4143: 4134: 4122: 4118: 4117: 4112: 4109: 4100: 4088: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4078: 4073: 4070: 4061: 4056: 4052: 4051: 4037: 4036: 4020: 4019:External links 4017: 4016: 4015: 3998: 3991: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3978: 3967: 3961: 3948: 3942: 3925: 3919: 3906: 3900: 3887: 3881: 3861: 3860: 3848: 3822: 3796: 3770: 3768:, p. 120. 3758: 3727: 3686: 3659: 3628: 3617:on 11 May 2017 3598: 3567: 3560: 3540: 3533: 3513: 3487: 3461: 3434: 3408: 3381: 3379:, p. 215. 3369: 3357: 3355:, p. 269. 3345: 3343:, p. 268. 3333: 3316: 3304: 3287: 3275: 3263: 3236: 3209: 3197: 3184: 3169: 3149: 3137: 3116:"Jalan Tengah" 3106: 3094: 3082: 3064: 3057: 3034: 3008: 2977: 2962: 2947: 2927: 2912: 2892: 2877: 2875:, p. 217. 2862: 2860:, p. 215. 2850: 2843: 2825: 2814:(2): 143–154. 2798: 2772: 2741: 2729: 2722: 2704: 2692: 2685: 2665: 2658: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2628: 2611: 2610: 2609: 2602: 2577: 2576: 2575: 2568: 2547: 2529: 2511: 2493: 2462: 2459: 2458: 2457: 2439: 2421: 2403: 2385: 2367: 2349: 2331: 2313: 2295: 2277: 2259: 2241: 2223: 2205: 2187: 2169: 2151: 2133: 2115: 2111:Bintang Dharma 2097: 2079: 2061: 2043: 2012: 2009: 1992: 1989: 1974: 1971: 1958: 1955: 1934: 1931: 1918:Jenderal Besar 1903: 1902:Reconciliation 1900: 1893:(PPP) and the 1860:Mochamad Jasin 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1748: 1745: 1740:the Supersemar 1723: 1720: 1673:RE Martadinata 1638:Pierre Tendean 1614:Main article: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1585: 1582: 1537: 1534: 1503: 1500: 1491:Gatot Soebroto 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1375: 1372: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1289:Mohammad Hatta 1211: 1208: 1169: 1166: 1161:Main article: 1158: 1155: 1075: 1072: 1032:attempted coup 976:. Born into a 929: 928: 925: 924: 922: 921: 919:List of awards 916: 909: 907: 903: 902: 900: 899: 897: 896: 891: 886: 881: 880: 879: 869: 864: 862:PRRI rebellion 859: 854: 849: 844: 843: 842: 837: 832: 822: 821: 820: 819: 818: 816:Battle of Java 802: 792: 791: 790: 788: 784: 783: 781: 780: 775: 770: 757: 756: 755: 753: 749: 748: 743: 739: 738: 733: 729: 728: 726: 725: 722: 718: 716: 712: 711: 709: 708: 703: 697: 695: 694:Branch/service 691: 690: 688: 687: 682: 676: 674: 670: 669: 665: 664: 661: 657: 656: 649: 645: 644: 642: 641: 636: 630: 628: 624: 623: 608: 604: 603: 601: 597: 596: 590: 584: 583: 578: 574: 573: 568: 564: 563: 557:(aged 81) 551: 547: 546: 528: 524: 523: 519: 518: 515: 514: 508: 502: 501: 495: 489: 488: 485: 481: 480: 470: 469: 463: 457: 456: 453: 447: 446: 443: 439: 438: 428: 427: 420: 419: 416: 410: 409: 402: 396: 395: 392: 388: 387: 377: 376: 373: 367: 366: 360: 354: 353: 350: 346: 345: 335: 334: 327: 326: 314: 308: 307: 302: 296: 295: 292: 288: 287: 277: 276: 269: 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3742: 3738: 3731: 3728: 3723: 3717: 3701: 3697: 3690: 3687: 3674: 3670: 3663: 3660: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3632: 3629: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3602: 3599: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3571: 3568: 3563: 3557: 3553: 3552: 3544: 3541: 3536: 3530: 3526: 3525: 3517: 3514: 3501: 3497: 3491: 3488: 3475: 3471: 3465: 3462: 3449: 3445: 3438: 3435: 3423:on 4 May 2006 3422: 3418: 3412: 3409: 3396: 3392: 3385: 3382: 3378: 3373: 3370: 3366: 3361: 3358: 3354: 3349: 3346: 3342: 3337: 3334: 3331:, p. 42. 3330: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3308: 3305: 3302:, p. 41. 3301: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3288: 3285:, p. 40. 3284: 3279: 3276: 3272: 3267: 3264: 3251: 3247: 3240: 3237: 3224: 3220: 3213: 3210: 3207:, p. 79. 3206: 3201: 3198: 3194: 3188: 3185: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3170:0-511-13431-2 3166: 3162: 3161: 3153: 3150: 3147:, p. 73. 3146: 3141: 3138: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3110: 3107: 3104:, p. 61. 3103: 3098: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3083: 3078: 3074: 3068: 3065: 3060: 3058:9781137052018 3054: 3050: 3049: 3041: 3039: 3035: 3023: 3019: 3012: 3009: 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Lapian 4295:Andi Djemma 3841:19 December 3815:19 December 3789:19 December 3679:26 December 3621:26 December 3377:Hughes 2002 3329:Hughes 2002 3312:Hughes 2002 3300:Hughes 2002 3283:Hughes 2002 3271:Hughes 2002 3195:, pp.20–21. 3027:23 February 2765:21 November 2588:Philippines 2504:Netherlands 1863: [ 1852:Ali Sadikin 1646:Cakrabirawa 1498:(Seskoad). 1396:his Cabinet 1120:Tanjungraja 581:Independent 562:, Indonesia 493:Preceded by 451:Preceded by 400:Preceded by 358:Preceded by 320: [ 317:Mas Sarbini 300:Preceded by 249:Preceded by 5377:Categories 5347:Teuku Umar 5222:Hasanuddin 5207:Diponegoro 5101:Fakhruddin 4865:Agus Salim 4822:Resistance 4768:Ahmad Yani 4591:Adisucipto 4540:Tan Malaka 4455:P. M. Noor 4280:Adam Malik 4207:Ahmad Yani 4201:1955–1962 4176:1949–1952 4142:1962–1966 4108:1955–1959 4069:1966–1971 3741:KOMPAS.com 3506:4 November 3480:4 November 3454:4 November 3427:4 November 3401:4 November 3256:4 November 3229:4 November 3205:Elson 2001 3145:Elson 2001 3130:4 November 3102:Elson 2001 3090:Elson 2001 3001:4 November 2888:Elson 2001 2791:4 November 2632:References 2558:Yugoslavia 2448:Indonesian 2430:Indonesian 2412:Indonesian 2394:Indonesian 2376:Indonesian 2358:Indonesian 2340:Indonesian 2322:Indonesian 2304:Indonesian 2286:Indonesian 2268:Indonesian 2250:Indonesian 2232:Indonesian 2214:Indonesian 2196:Indonesian 2178:Indonesian 2160:Indonesian 2142:Indonesian 2124:Indonesian 2106:Indonesian 2088:Indonesian 2070:Indonesian 2052:Indonesian 2034:Indonesian 2007:, namely: 1909:BJ Habibie 1766:Supersemar 1681:Omar Dhani 1514:West Papua 1502:West Irian 1442:Ahmad Yani 1281:D.N. 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Gen. 467:Ahmad Yani 228:Osa Maliki 82:newspapers 5307:Pong Tiku 5302:Pattimura 5157:Andi Depu 4915:Education 4752:Fatmawati 4706:Supriyadi 4681:Noer Alie 4661:Mas Isman 4636:Iswahyudi 4480:Samanhudi 4253:Political 3179:252488150 2078:) (1961) 1883:Petisi 50 1840:Pancasila 1729:Kopkamtib 1703:first aid 1564:of ABRI. 1405:Dwifungsi 1335:Minister 1182:declared 1129:In 1940, 1124:Palembang 1086:, into a 1021:West Java 724:1955–1971 721:1941–1952 685:Indonesia 648:Signature 484:President 475:In office 442:President 433:In office 391:President 382:In office 349:President 340:In office 291:President 282:In office 272:11th 191:President 182:In office 5135:Struggle 5054:Religion 4853:Literary 4808:Suprapto 4701:Sudirman 4666:Moestopo 4646:John Lie 4574:Military 4485:Soekarni 4470:Sahardjo 4435:Moewardi 4355:Hazairin 4009:3 August 3745:Archived 3716:cite web 3652:15 March 3646:Archived 3591:15 March 3585:Archived 3365:Fic 2005 3353:Fic 2005 3341:Fic 2005 2957:56360152 2922:56360152 2522:Thailand 1927:Sudirman 1845:Kopassus 1554:Cold War 1487:Thailand 1432:Colonel 1410:Magelang 1368:Suprapto 1235:Sudirman 1147:Surabaya 1112:Bengkulu 795:See list 760:See list 752:Commands 746:Infantry 660:Nickname 497:Colonel 330:3rd 220:See list 170:2nd 5035:Suharso 4932:Kartini 4716:Syam'un 4510:Soeroso 4505:Soepomo 4490:Sukarno 4415:Masjkur 4148:Suharto 2597:of the 2486:Germany 1991:Honours 1985:Menteng 1939:Jakarta 1923:Suharto 1626:Kostrad 1530:Kostrad 1480:Suharto 1273:Suharto 1257:of the 1231:Colonel 1222:of the 1180:Sukarno 1122:, near 1116:Sukarno 1108:Sukarno 1104:Bandung 1096:Batavia 1060:Jakarta 1050:of the 1048:Speaker 1044:Suharto 986:Bandung 974:Suharto 968:of the 966:Speaker 663:Pak Nas 621: 609: 560:Jakarta 487:Sukarno 445:Sukarno 394:Sukarno 352:Sukarno 294:Sukarno 232:Mashudi 203:Suharto 198:Sukarno 96:scholar 4829:Alimin 4500:Supeno 3959: 3940: 3917: 3898: 3879: 3751:10 May 3706:6 June 3673:Kompas 3558: 3531: 3177: 3167: 3055: 2955: 2945: 2920: 2910: 2841: 2720: 2683: 2656: 2619: 2608:(1963) 2601:(1967) 2595:(Datu) 2585: 2555: 2546:(1968) 2537: 2528:(1960) 2519: 2510:(1971) 2501: 2492:(1963) 2483: 2465:": --> 2015:": --> 1957:Family 1943:stroke 1832:Golkar 1446:decree 1337:Wilopo 1247:Madiun 1178:After 1064:stroke 915:(2002) 906:Awards 615: 600:Spouse 408:(1953) 212:Deputy 98: 91: 84: 77: 69: 4997:Press 3932:[ 3836:(PDF) 3810:(PDF) 3784:(PDF) 3120:Gatra 3022:Tempo 2991:Gatra 2648:[ 1933:Death 1907:from 1867:] 1332:Dutch 1255:Musso 1088:Batak 978:Batak 619:) 611:( 607: 324:] 103:JSTOR 89:books 4011:2012 3957:ISBN 3938:ISBN 3915:ISBN 3896:ISBN 3877:ISBN 3843:2020 3817:2020 3791:2020 3753:2021 3722:link 3708:2023 3681:2016 3654:2023 3623:2016 3593:2023 3556:ISBN 3529:ISBN 3508:2006 3482:2006 3456:2006 3429:2006 3403:2006 3258:2006 3231:2006 3175:OCLC 3165:ISBN 3132:2006 3053:ISBN 3029:2023 3003:2006 2953:OCLC 2943:ISBN 2918:OCLC 2908:ISBN 2839:ISBN 2793:2006 2767:2018 2718:ISBN 2681:ISBN 2654:ISBN 2467:edit 2017:edit 1925:and 1873:and 1394:and 1253:and 1151:PETA 956:and 742:Unit 732:Rank 617:1947 593:IPKI 550:Died 527:Born 362:ACM 143:Ret. 75:news 4889:Art 2816:doi 1412:in 1328:TNI 58:by 5379:: 3739:. 3718:}} 3714:{{ 3698:. 3671:. 3640:. 3609:. 3579:. 3319:^ 3290:^ 3173:. 3118:. 3075:. 3037:^ 3020:. 2989:. 2951:. 2916:. 2880:^ 2865:^ 2812:19 2810:. 2757:. 2744:^ 2624:: 2590:: 2560:: 2450:: 2432:: 2414:: 2396:: 2378:: 2360:: 2342:: 2324:: 2306:: 2288:: 2270:: 2252:: 2234:: 2216:: 2198:: 2180:: 2162:: 2144:: 2126:: 2108:: 2090:: 2072:: 2054:: 2036:: 1953:. 1949:, 1929:. 1865:id 1788:. 1420:. 1082:, 1070:. 988:. 940:: 613:m. 542:, 322:id 4238:e 4231:t 4224:v 4013:. 3965:. 3946:. 3923:. 3904:. 3885:. 3845:. 3819:. 3793:. 3755:. 3724:) 3710:. 3683:. 3656:. 3625:. 3595:. 3564:. 3537:. 3510:. 3484:. 3458:. 3431:. 3405:. 3260:. 3233:. 3181:. 3134:. 3061:. 3031:. 3005:. 2959:. 2924:. 2847:. 2822:. 2818:: 2795:. 2769:. 2726:. 2689:. 2662:. 2471:] 2456:) 2438:) 2420:) 2402:) 2384:) 2366:) 2348:) 2330:) 2312:) 2294:) 2276:) 2258:) 2240:) 2222:) 2204:) 2186:) 2168:) 2150:) 2132:) 2114:) 2096:) 2021:] 1885:( 936:( 535:) 531:( 145:) 141:( 125:) 119:( 114:) 110:( 100:· 93:· 86:· 79:· 52:. 20:)

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