20:
183:, liquid pump, and programmable electronics. The machine draws the mechanical arm with attached brush (or sandpaper, sponge, etc.) over the surface of the material that is being tested. The operator sets a pre-programmed number of passes for a repeatable and controlled result. The liquid pump can provide detergent or other liquids to the mechanical arm during testing to simulate washing and other normal uses.
42:
Ancient artists, working in stone, used abrasion to create sculptures. The artist selected dense stones like carbonite and emery and rubbed them consistently against comparatively softer stones like limestone and granite. The artist used different sizes and shapes of abrasives, or turned them in
43:
various ways as they rubbed, to create effects on the softer stone's surface. Water was continuously poured over the surface to carry away particles. Abrasive technique in stone shaping was a long, tedious process that, with patience, resulted in eternal works of art in stone.
148:
K is obtained from experimental results and depends on several parameters. Among them are surface quality, chemical affinity between the material of two surfaces, surface hardness process, heat transfer between two surfaces and others.
161:. These often use a specified abrasive or other controlled means of abrasion. Under the conditions of the test, the results can be reported or can be compared items subjected to similar tests.
1390:"JSA Web Store - JIS K 5600-5-8:1999 Testing methods for paints -- Part 5: Mechanical property of film -- Section 8: Abrasion resistance (Rotating abrasive-paper-covered wheel method)"
1289:
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101:
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675:
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1214:
1189:
1164:
1050:
176:). The former is the amount of mass lost per 1000 cycles of abrasion. The latter is the ratio of former with the known abrasion rate for some specific reference material.
190:
can help control abrasion in some instances. Some items can be covered with an abrasion-resistant material. Controlling the cause of abrasion is sometimes an option.
1290:"JSA Web Store - JIS C 60068-2-70:2007 Environmental testing -- Part 2: Tests -- Test Xb: Abrasion of markings and letterings caused by rubbing of fingers and hands"
317:
377:
JIS K 5600-5-8 Testing methods for paints -- Part 5: Mechanical property of film -- Section 8: Abrasion resistance (Rotating abrasive-paper-covered wheel method)
374:
JIS H 8682-3 Test methods for abrasion resistance of anodic oxide coatings on aluminium and aluminium alloys -- Part 3: Sand-falling abrasion resistance test
576:"ASTM C131 / C131M - 14 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine"
601:"ASTM C535 - 16 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine"
883:"ASTM G75 - 15 Standard Test Method for Determination of Slurry Abrasivity (Miller Number) and Slurry Abrasion Response of Materials (SAR Number)"
30:
is the process of scuffing, scratching, wearing down, marring, or rubbing away. It can be intentionally imposed in a controlled process using an
225:
ASTM C1353 Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Platform, Double-Head Abraser
216:
ASTM C535 Standard Test Method for
Resistance to Degradation of Large-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine
210:
ASTM C131 Standard Test Method for
Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine
653:
483:
365:
JIS C 60068-2 Environmental testing -- Part 2: Tests -- Test Xb: Abrasion of markings and letterings caused by rubbing of fingers and hands
276:
ASTM G75 Standard Test Method for
Determination of Slurry Abrasivity (Miller Number) and Slurry Abrasion Response of Materials (SAR Number)
371:
JIS H 8682-2 Test methods for abrasion resistance of anodic oxide coatings on aluminium and aluminium alloys -- Part 2: Abrasive jet test
368:
JIS H 8682-1 Test methods for abrasion resistance of anodic oxide coatings on aluminium and aluminium alloys -- Part 1: Wheel wear test
815:"ASTM F1978 - 18 Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Metallic Thermal Spray Coatings by Using the Taber Abraser"
179:
One type of instrument used to get the abrasion rate and normalized abrasion rate is the abrasion scrub tester, which is made up of a
512:
338:
ISO 16282:2008 Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products. Determination of resistance to abrasion at ambient temperature
1165:"JSA Web Store - JIS A 1121:2007 Method of test for resistance to abrasion of coarse aggregate by use of the Los Angeles machine"
267:
ASTM F1978 Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Metallic Thermal Spray Coatings by Using the Taber Abraser
1455:
1139:
362:
JIS A 1509-6 Test methods for ceramic tiles -- Part 6: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed floor tiles
343:
359:
JIS A 1509-5 Test methods for ceramic tiles -- Part 5: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed floor tiles
320:
4649 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic -- Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drum device
1114:
1089:
818:
264:
ASTM F1486 Standard
Practice for Determination of Abrasion and Smudge Resistance of Images Produced from Office Products
261:
ASTM D7428 Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Fine Aggregate to Degradation by Abrasion in the Micro-Deval Apparatus
56:
1026:"ASTM G174 - 04(2009)e1 Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive Loop Contact"
249:
ASTM D5181 Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester
765:"ASTM D5264 - 98(2011) Standard Practice for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Materials by the Sutherland Rub Tester"
356:
JIS A 1453 Method of abrasion test for building materials and part of building construction (abrasive-paper method)
219:
ASTM C944 Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Concrete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method
936:
833:"ASTM G56 Standard Test Method for Abrasiveness of Ink-Impregnated Fabric Printer Ribbons and Other Web Materials"
525:
353:
JIS A 1452 Method of abrasion test for building materials and part of building construction (falling sand method)
270:
ASTM G56 Standard Test Method for
Abrasiveness of Ink-Impregnated Fabric Printer Ribbons and Other Web Materials
234:
ASTM D2228 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property - Relative Abrasion Resistance by the Pico Abrader Method
551:"ASTM B611 - 13 Standard Test Method for Determining the High Stress Abrasion Resistance of Hard Materials"
790:"ASTM D5963 - 04(2015) Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Drum Abrader)"
350:
JIS A 1121 Method of test for resistance to abrasion of coarse aggregate by use of the Los Angeles machine
65:
715:"ASTM D4060 - 14 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser"
690:"ASTM D3389 - 16 Standard Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Platform Abrader)"
1001:"ASTM G171 - 03(2009)e2 Standard Test Method for Scratch Hardness of Materials Using a Diamond Stylus"
294:
ASTM G174 Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive Loop Contact
252:
ASTM D5264 Standard Practice for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Materials by the Sutherland Rub Tester
858:"ASTM G65 - 16 Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus"
1415:"JSA Web Store - JIS K 7204:1999 Plastics -- Determination of resistance to wear by abrasive wheels"
740:"ASTM D4158 - 08(2016) Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)"
832:
222:
ASTM C1027 Standard Test Method for Determining Visible Abrasion Resistance of Glazed Ceramic Tile
1460:
626:"ASTM D1630 - 16 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Abrasion Resistance (Footwear Abrader)"
390:
487:
240:
ASTM D4060 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser
237:
ASTM D3389 Standard Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Platform Abrader)
228:
ASTM D968 Standard Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive
34:. Abrasion can be an undesirable effect of exposure to normal use or exposure to the elements.
1069:
669:
508:
465:
402:
273:
ASTM G65 Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus
255:
ASTM D5963 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Drum Abrader)
457:
411:
231:
ASTM D1630 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property — Abrasion Resistance (Footwear Abrader)
120:
52:
951:"ASTM G105 - 16 Standard Test Method for Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests"
291:
ASTM G171 Standard Test Method for Scratch Hardness of Materials Using a Diamond Stylus
180:
157:
The resistance of materials and structures to abrasion can be measured by a variety of
1140:"ISO 23794:2003 - Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic -- Abrasion testing -- Guidance"
258:
ASTM D6279 Standard Test Method for Rub Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
19:
1449:
1090:"ISO 9352:2012 - Plastics -- Determination of resistance to wear by abrasive wheels"
933:"ASTM G99 - 17 Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus"
445:
285:
ASTM G105 Standard Test Method for Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests
908:"ASTM G81 - 97a(2013) Standard Test Method for Jaw Crusher Gouging Abrasion Test"
526:"Abrasion Scrub Tester for testing the resistance to abrasion of coated surfaces"
158:
426: – Damaging, gradual removal or deformation of material at solid surfaces
55:
is a simple model used to describe sliding wear and is based on the theory of
469:
380:
JIS K 7204 Plastics -- Determination of resistance to wear by abrasive wheels
329:
ISO 23794 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic -- Abrasion testing -- Guidance
307:
53516 Testing of Rubber and Elastomers; Determination of Abrasion Resistance
213:
ASTM C448 Standard Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Porcelain Enamels
187:
814:
323:
ISO 9352 Plastics -- Determination of resistance to wear by abrasive wheels
282:
ASTM G99 Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus
1442:“Wear Processes in Manufacturing”, Badahur and Magee, ASTM STP 1362, 1999
789:
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689:
625:
246:
ASTM D4966 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics
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ASTM D4158 Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics],
932:
976:"ASTM G132 - 96(2013) Standard Test Method for Pin Abrasion Testing"
279:
ASTM G81 Standard Test Method for Jaw Crusher Gouging Abrasion Test
399: – Rough material used to shape or finish objects by friction
207:
B611 Test Method for Abrasive Wear Resistance of Cemented Carbides
1056:. 21 October 2012. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012
656:. 20 January 2013. Archived from the original on 20 January 2013
423:
204:
1115:"ISO 28080:2011 - Hardmetals -- Abrasion tests for hardmetals"
304:
332:
ISO 21988:2006 Abrasion-resistant cast irons. Classification
23:
Surface roughness resulting from abrasion wear on a spindle.
164:
Such standardized measurements can produce two quantities:
335:
ISO 28080:2011 Hardmetals. Abrasion tests for hardmetals
407:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
288:
ASTM G132 Standard Test Method for Pin Abrasion Testing
326:
ISO 28080 Hardmetals -- Abrasion tests for hardmetals
68:
507:S. Grynko, "Material Properties Explained" (2012),
420: – Natural processes that remove soil and rock
95:
1074:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
674:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
405: – Method of marking or cleaning a surface
1051:"Scope of Accreditation to ISO/IEC 17025:2005"
8:
113:is the total volume of wear debris produced
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446:"Contact and Rubbing of Flat Surfaces"
7:
654:"Abrasion Methods Available at ARDL"
484:"Abrasion Methods Available at ARDL"
414: – Model used to describe wear
144:of the softest contacting surfaces
96:{\displaystyle Q={\frac {KWL}{H}}}
14:
16:Process of wearing down a surface
939:from the original on 2016-04-13.
821:from the original on 2012-08-19.
1:
444:Archard, J. F. (1953-08-01).
1477:
450:Journal of Applied Physics
393: – Process of erosion
174:abrasion resistance index
170:normalized abrasion rate
128:is the total normal load
1365:"JSA Web Store-Message"
1340:"JSA Web Store-Message"
1315:"JSA Web Store-Message"
1265:"JSA Web Store-Message"
1240:"JSA Web Store-Message"
1215:"JSA Web Store-Message"
1190:"JSA Web Store-Message"
134:is the sliding distance
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153:Abrasion resistance
391:Abrasion (geology)
186:The use of proper
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462:10.1063/1.1721448
403:Abrasive blasting
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