1012:, the Luftwaffe redirected its full attention to the United Kingdom. The scale of the attack increased greatly in July 1940, with 258 civilians killed, and again in August with 1,075 dead. During the night of 25 August, British bombers raided targets in and around Greater Berlin for the first time, in response to the misdirected bombing of Oxford Street and the West End by the Luftwaffe while it was bombing the London docks. On 4 September 1940 Hitler, frustrated by the RAF's superiority over the Luftwaffe and enraged by its bombing of German cities, decided to retaliate by bombing London and other cities in the UK. On 7 September the Luftwaffe began massed attacks on London. The bombing campaign was known in the UK as "
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485:, commander of the German Naval Airship Department. By the end of the war, 51 raids had been undertaken, in which 5,806 bombs were dropped, killing 557 people and injuring 1,358. In the course of the Zeppelin raids the Germans lost more than half their airships and 40% of their crew. It has been argued that the raids were effective far beyond material damage inflicted, in diverting and hampering wartime production, and diverting twelve squadrons and over 10,000 men to air defenses. The British developed an
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1040:. The RAF began attacking transport targets west of the Rhine on the night of 10 May following the German invasion of the Low Countries, and military targets in the rest of Germany after the bombing of Rotterdam. On 9 September 1940 RAF crews were instructed that due to the "indiscriminate" nature of German bombing, if they failed to find their assigned targets they were to attack
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363:, Bulgaria. The pilot was captain Radul Mikov with spotter and bombardier Prodan Tarakchiev. The airfield was specially created to carry out the take off and landing. According to the report weather conditions were perfect. The flight lasted for 1 hour and 20 minutes and the altitude was 500m. During the flight the crew flew over the city of
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yards, all military and industrial targets in the German hinterland. Oil remained the main
British objective until the summer of 1941, although German cities and towns were regularly bombed from May 1940. Previous raids had been carried out by the RAF, but when targets were not found, the bombers returned without making an attack.
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Words cannot express the feelings of profound horror with which the news of these raids had been received by the whole civilized world. They are often directed against places far from the actual area of hostilities. The military objective, where it exists, seems to take a completely second place. The
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of
Belgium, was bombed during the night of 24–25 August 1914. Instead of targeting the surrounding fortresses, the Zeppelin LZ 25's intention was to bomb the clearly distinguishable historical centre of the city. The zeppelin dropped approximately ten bombs, killing ten people and injuring forty. The
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aircraft as they were fleeing the aerial bombardment. The artillery shelling and aerial bombardment caused the deaths of estimated 50,000–200,000 Isaaq civilians, as well as the complete destruction of
Somalia's second and third largest cities. It also caused up to 500,000 Somalis (primarily of the
1004:
Germany began aerial bombing of
British cities immediately after the British declaration of war on Germany in September 1939, while the first British bombing raids against Germany were on the night of 15/16 May 1940, with 78 bombers against oil targets, 9 against steelworks and 9 against marshalling
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raids in 1916 in which 125 tons of ordnance were dropped, killing 293 people and injuring 691. Gradually
British air defenses improved and the Germans also introduced large bomber aircraft for bombing Britain. In 1917 and 1918 there were only eleven Zeppelin raids against England, and the final raid
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as refugees in what was described as "one of the fastest and largest forced movements of people recorded in Africa", and resulted in the creation of the world's largest refugee camp then (1988), with another 400,000 being internally displaced. The scale of destruction led to
Hargeisa being known as
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rebutted the case on March 24 and March 26, 1999. In addition to purely military targets NATO targeted the national power grid (leaving many cities in the dark), water purification plants, oil refineries, fertilizer factories, and a petrochemical plant in
Pancevo. The 78-day bombing campaign is
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which was used as part of an Iraqi military supply line. The missiles malfunctioned and struck
Fallujah's largest marketplace (which was situated in a residential area), killing between 50 and 150 non-combatants and wounding many more. After news of the mistake became public, an RAF spokesman,
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began, with peaceful demonstrations in May 1920. Initial demands were rejected by the
British administration, and fighting broke out in June 1920. This was suppressed, with many deaths, and at very high costs to the Empire. A policy of 'aerial policing', an invention of Winston Churchill's was
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that followed the bombing by 325 B-29's night attacks. The bombing was meant to burn wooden buildings and indeed the bombing caused fire that created a 50 m/s wind that is comparable to tornadoes. A total of 381,300 bombs amounting to 1783 tons, were used in the bombing.
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In 1942, the goals of the
British attacks were defined: the primary goal was the so-called "morale bombing", to weaken the will of the civil population to resist. Following this directive intensive bombing of highly populated city centers and
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1718:, who was one of the first television reporters on the scene, was given access to the shelter and claimed that he did not find any evidence of it being used by the Iraqi military. His claims were later contradicted by Iraqi general
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British bombing policy evolved during the war. In the beginning, the RAF was forbidden to attack urban targets in Germany due to the risk of accidental civilian casualties. Following a German attack on military targets in the
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in Operation Millennium, dropping over 2,000 tons of high explosive and incendiaries on the medieval town and burning it from end to end. 411 civilians and 85 combatants were killed, more than 130,000 had to leave the city.
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suffered bomb damage and more than one thousand people died, including many children. The number of people injured is estimated to be in the thousands. Many others Spanish towns and cities were bombed by the German
815:, a small town away from the war front, and with no strategic value, that was bombed due to an error. 109 people were killed and more than 200 wounded. Planes coming from Barcelona launched three bombs against the
1344:. The campaign began with interdiction of supply lines in rural areas of southern North Vietnam but incrementally spread northward throughout the country. In 1966, restrictions against bombing the capital city of
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616:, for the Cristero revolutionaries. The bombing, which caused damage to many buildings and injured several bystanders on the American side of the international border, became the first aerial bombardment of the
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1848:, due to their inexperience and lack of training, Russian soldiers and pilots bombed and shelled random targets inside the city. In 2003, the UN still called Grozny the most destroyed city on earth.
371:. The plane was equipped with two bombs, which were released at 10:00 am over the station. The crew landed successfully at the airfield with 4 holes on the hull. A number of journalists and military
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of a city from a heavier-than-air aircraft. In the morning of 29 October 1912 at 9:30 a.m. the plane Albatros F-3 took off from an airfield near the village of Mustafa Pasha – present day
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The bombing campaigns on Nanjing and Canton which started in September 1937 evoked protests from the Western powers culminating in a resolution by the Far Eastern Advisory Committee of the
301:, each carrying a 24- to 30-pound bomb that was to be dropped from the balloon with a time fuse over the besieged city. The balloons were launched from land and from the Austrian navy ship
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resulting from intent and technology. A number of multilateral efforts have been made to restrict the use of aerial bombardment so as to protect non-combatants and other civilians.
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brought in. This amounted to aerial bombing of rebelling tribesmen, followed up by pacification by ground troops. This continued up to the mid 1920s. The aerial campaign included
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in order to take the city. The bomb landed not on target but in a city street and in the process killed four civilians, including a French diplomat, and wounded several others.
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2105:, and the harm caused to protected civilians or civilian property must be proportional and not excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated.
1523:(or "smart bombs"). The United States government maintains that it has a policy of striking only significant combatant targets while doing all possible to avoid what it terms "
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1960:, with low or null military purpose, in order to weaken Ukraine resistance or distract it from attacking and taking back Russian occupied territories. This is in addition to
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These restraints on aerial warfare are covered by the general laws of war, because unlike war on land and at sea – which are specifically covered by rules such as the
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550:. However, they had been unable to defeat the Dervish movement for nearly 25 years. In January 1920, the British launched a combined aerial and land attack against the
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of 1941–1943. The Soviet bombing of the German cities was limited in comparison with the RAF bombing (destruction caused by the Soviet army was mainly due to the land
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After World War I, there were protests in Iraq against continued British rule. Many Iraqis across a wide spectrum of opinion opposed the British Mandate for Iraq. The
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treatise depicts a group of knights flying kites laden with a black-powder filled firebomb over the wall of city. In the 17th century, the forces of Thai king
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by Germany at 14 May 1940. The city had already surrendered an hour earlier and the attack was called off, but this did not reach the already flying bombers.
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squadron engaged in the bombing and strafing of revolting tribesmen. Harris once remarked that "the only thing the Arab understands is the heavy hand."
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After the war, bombers' increasing sophistication led to the general belief that aerial bombing would both destroy cities and be impossible to stop; as
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3043:"Desde la batalla del Ebro hasta el final de la guerra". Aviación republicana: historia de las Fuerzas Aéreas de la República Española (1931-1939) III
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London was bombed for the first time on 30 May 1915. In July 1916, the German government allowed directed raids against urban centers, sparking 23
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5402:"Collateral Damage on the 21st century battlefield: Enemy exploitation of the law of armed conflict, and the struggle for a moral high ground".
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Germany and the Second World War: Volume IX/I: German Wartime Society 1939–1945: Politicization, Disintegration, and the Struggle for Survival
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823:. The fact was considered a miracle, as, if the bombs had exploded, the eastern half of the Cathedral would have been completely destroyed.
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Wetta, Frank J., and Martin A. Novelli. "Good Bombing, Bad Bombing: Hollywood, Air Warfare, and Morality in World War I and World War II."
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rather than bring their bombs home. On the 15/16 December the RAF carried out its first area bombing attack (destroying 45% of the city of
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1992:. Fourteen-tons of bombs scattered on a wide area, killing hundreds of civilian passers-by as well as 11 soldiers. In 2008, the cities of
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campaign of precision bombing of government targets in the city centers. From 2003 to 2011 and 2014 to 2018, coalition aircraft attacked
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and the Somali forces are noted for concurrently repelling the invading British, Italian and Abyssinian forces for a period of 25 years.
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886:. An example of the many expressions of indignation came from Lord Cranborne, the British Under-Secretary of State For Foreign Affairs:
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David Henderson issued a statement noting that the missile had malfunctioned but admitted that the Royal Air Force had made an error.
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sheltering there. U.S. officials subsequently claimed that the shelter also served as a communications center for the Iraqi military.
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were two of the heaviest of all bombings by the Luftwaffe, killing 568–1,000 civilians of Coventry, killing over 1,100 civilians in
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on the night of March 9–10, 1945, and killed more than 100,000 people in the deadliest conventional bombing in history, known as
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dropped 24 fifty-kilogram (110 lb) high-explosive bombs and ineffective three-kilogram incendiaries on the English towns of
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971:. In the first stages of war, the Germans carried out many bombings of towns and cities in Poland (1939), including the capital
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government also used aerial bombings, but not as extensively, as they did not have as many planes available. Cities such as
720:, but by the standards of bombings during World War II, casualties were fairly minor (estimates ranging from 500 to 1,500).
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by Italian forces against the Ottoman province of Libya on November 1, 1911. Giulio Gavotti dropped 1.5 kg of bombs on
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government. The first major example of this came in November 1936, when German and Spanish aircraft bombed Republican-held
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640:. For example, in February 1936, the Italian invasion forces in the south prepared for a major thrust towards the city of
473:, and the surrounding villages; in all, four people were killed, 16 injured, and monetary damage was estimated at ÂŁ7,740.
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3601:"Abschlussbericht der Historikerkommission zu den Luftangriffen auf Dresden zwischen dem 13. und 15. Februar 1945, p. 70"
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1832:(1994–1995, 1996 and 1999–2000), killing thousands of people (some estimates say 27,000 civilians were killed during the
367:, discovered hidden Ottoman forces in the nearby villages and flew towards to city railroad station, near the village of
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5455:, May 2006. Bibliographer, Muir S. Poochild Research Information Center Maxwell (United States) Air Force Base, Alabama.
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1973:
1211:. In the first few months of the war with the Western Powers, Japan projected its airpower on settlements as distant as
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carrying out the most high-profile aerial attack of the war. This act caused worldwide revulsion and was the subject of
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1262:. From March to August 1945, the U.S. firebombing of 67 Japanese cities had killed 350,000 civilians. In addition, the
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1888:. There are frequent reports of civilian casualties, though it is often hard to distinguish guerrillas and civilians.
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1504:, causing massive destruction and some 5,000 to 25,000 deaths. Herat was also repeatedly bombed during the following
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of May 31 – June 1, 1921, private aircraft flown by white men dropped kerosene bombs on the Greenwood neighborhood.
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457:. The aeroplanes carried twenty-pound bombs, and at least one airship was destroyed. On 19 January 1915 two German
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Islands on 16 March 1940 that killed a civilian, the RAF mounted an attack on the seaplane base on the island of
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raid, the USAAF went on to firebomb other Japanese cities in effort to pulverize the Japanese war industry and
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Needless Deaths in the Gulf War: Civilian Casualties During the Air Campaign and Violations of the Laws of War
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1076:, but to less effect than the destruction at Cologne. The effects of the massive raids using a combination of
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1908:. Over the course of the war, the Syrian government has dropped tens of thousands of bombs, mostly unguided
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1246:. In a few hours, 100,000 people who were in Tokyo including civilians died either by the bombing or the
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1726:, and that Saddam Hussein had personally made visits to it. The day after the bombing of the shelter, a
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1199:, Japan continued to bomb Chinese cities and expanded its air operations towards others in Asia such as
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4720:. Office of Public Communication, Bureau of Public Affairs, U.S. Department of State. 1992. p. 29.
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1844:. Although the Russian pilots and soldiers were ordered to attack designated targets only, such as the
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273:, a kite carrying incendiary powder, a fuse, and a burning stick of incense was developed as a weapon.
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2101:: An attack or action must be intended to help in the defeat of the enemy; it must be an attack on a
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of 1931, the Japanese widely used airplanes to indiscriminately bomb key targets and cities, such as
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7179:
5039:"Assad's Forces Shell, Barrel Bomb Rebels Across Syria Despite Geneva II Peace Talks Eurasia Review"
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strategic bombing missions on 22 September 1914 and 8 October, when it bombed the Zeppelin bases in
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and is still practiced today. The development of aerial bombardment marked an increased capacity of
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List of documents and web links relating to the law of armed conflict in air and space operations
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5209:"On This Day – In 1956 Soviet Union Brutally Crushed Hungary's Hope For Freedom And Independence"
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2753:"A Long-Lost Manuscript Contains a Searing Eyewitness Account of the Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921"
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main object seems to be to inspire terror by the indiscriminate slaughter of civilians ...
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Following the end of World War I, the British stepped up their efforts in their war against the
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Ward's Book of Days. Pages of interesting anniversaries. What happened on this day in history.
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were bombarded, killing some people. The biggest aerial attack against civil population was in
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2186:, Rachel Grossbaum-Pasternak, Abraham Kleban, Shmuel Levin, Wila Orbach, Abraham Wein (1999).
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Aftermath of the Somali government's attack on Hargeisa, 90 percent of the city was destroyed.
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At the beginning of World War II, bombing of cities prior to invasion was an integral part of
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on August 3, 1936. The bombs failed to detonate, but did damage one of the cupolas painted by
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Der anglo-amerikanische strategische Luftkrieg ĂĽber Europa und die deutsche Luftverteidigung.
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Der globale Krieg. Die Ausweitung zum Weltkrieg und der Wechsel zur Initiative 1941 bis 1943
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Policy Decisions and the McNamara and Clifford-Taylor Missions to South Vietnam June–August
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has been described as one of the bloodiest and longest-running conflicts in the history of
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in bombed cities has variously been a deliberate goal of strategic bombing, or unavoidable
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of long-range bombers that could bomb Berlin, but the war ended before these raids began.
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A Short History of Kites: History of Flying – The Kites Role in Aviation and the Airplane
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assessed as having been an 'economic catastrophe', cutting the Yugoslav economy in half.
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attacked 13 times dropping 44 tons of bombs, aimed at the civil population. The medieval
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3634:"Dresden was a civilian town with no military significance. Why did we burn its people?"
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as a prelude. Both cities were reduced to ruins even though Harar had been declared an "
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in 1945 near the end of World War II (a destruction percentage of 97% of all buildings).
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6544:
6534:
6514:
6479:
6059:
6019:
5899:
5426:
2378:
Winged warfare : the literature and theory of aerial warfare in Britain, 1859–1917
2183:
2119:
1595:
1547:
1493:
1482:
1017:
1009:
820:
523:
482:
470:
462:
446:
329:
174:
in September 1939 during early World War II (the town was almost completely destroyed).
5277:
Russia/Georgia: Investigate Civilian Deaths: High Toll from Attacks on Populated Areas
4940:"Syria's regime uses fighter jets for first time as it struggles to contain rebellion"
1539:
1111:
The Allies also bombed urban areas in the other countries, including occupied France (
947:
7700:
7557:
7531:
7304:
7258:
6599:
6574:
6524:
6519:
6499:
5864:
5728:
5430:
4156:
3823:"The War, Firebombing (Germany & Japan) – Tokyo, Air Attack on (9–10 March 1945)"
2963:
1997:
1989:
1861:
1754:
1736:
1675:
UN-led coalition aircraft attacked targets in Iraqi cities, including in the capital
1365:
1357:
1247:
1073:
1053:
1021:
916:
758:
705:
609:
519:
454:
242:
230:
2083:
To be legal, aerial operations must comply with the principles of humanitarian law:
6539:
6489:
5764:
3477:
3190:
3125:
2332:
Taking Flight: Inventing the Aerial Age, from Antiquity through the First World War
2281:
Taking Flight: Inventing the Aerial Age, from Antiquity Through the First World War
2159:
2129:
1981:
1909:
1758:
1715:
1600:
1458:
964:
931:
675:
613:
593:
266:
218:
214:
190:
5989:
3969:
3358:
2028:
1730:(RAF) fighter jet fired two laser-guided missiles which were aimed at a bridge in
1123:. Some cities were bombed at the different times by the Luftwaffe and the Allies,
5359:
4715:
4348:
4331:
3581:
2834:
2728:"'They was killing black people': A century-old race massacre still haunts Tulsa"
2345:
7562:
7484:
7222:
6692:
6554:
6105:
6024:
5859:
5361:
The Rocket and the Reich: PeenemĂĽnde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era
3402:
3186:
2854:
The Greatest Briton: Essays on Winston Churchill's Life and Political Philosophy
2050:
1977:
1929:
1653:
1519:, the U.S.-led coalition attacked the urban targets in Afghanistan using mainly
1497:
1422:
1333:
1305:
1301:
1101:
396:
356:
302:
210:
35:
4594:
2649:
Airpower in Small Wars: Fighting Insurgents and Terrorists (Modern War Studies)
2512:
2210:
6549:
6494:
5964:
5804:
5320:
4631:
3172:
2144:
2073:
1993:
1661:
1290:
1143:
1128:
968:
956:
936:
920:
792:
739:
was bombarded for three days beginning on 16 March 1938, at the height of the
466:
372:
360:
340:
152:
3887:
3822:
3441:"75 Jahre "Operation Gomorrha" Wie ich im Bombeninferno meinen Bruder verlor"
3107:"Invasion of Poland – WW2 Timeline (September 1st, 1939 – October 6th, 1939)"
1566:
in the 1980s, with Iranians retaliating in kind (both sides soon switched to
1360:
cities seized by the communists were bombed, including the former capital of
875:(Tientsin) and several cities on the Chinese coast from the beginning of the
608:
mistakenly dropped several improvised "suitcase bombs" on the border town of
7237:
6564:
6484:
6120:
5994:
5949:
5904:
5553:
5543:
3284:
Cox, Sebastian, "The Strategic Air War Against Germany, 1939–1945", pp. 1, 2
2163:
2021:
1571:
1470:
1430:
1297:
1159:
1151:
1081:
1013:
994:
940:
700:
691:
655:
432:
The first civilian target to be bombed from the air was the Belgian city of
282:
226:
168:
5415:
Charles Rousseau, Le droit des conflits armés, Editions Pedone, Paris, 1983
4984:"Syria: Aleppo hospital hit by barrel bombs and cluster bombs, reports say"
4822:
2513:
19 January. On this day in history in 1915, German zeppelins bombed Britain
1425:. The bombing included attacks on some of Israel's largest cities, such as
1375:
bombed contested cities in South Vietnam in 1968, 1972 and 1975, while the
1356:. The bombing of the city centers continued to be prohibited. However, the
976:
2308:
Military Aircraft, Origins to 1918: An Illustrated History of Their Impact
1964:
such as apartment blocks, retail shops, offices, schools, hospitals, etc.
546:", whom they had been fighting for the control the area formerly known as
6296:
6084:
5799:
5708:
5619:
2702:
Insurgents, Terrorists, and Militias: The Warriors of Contemporary Combat
2464:
The Encyclopedia of World War I: A Political, Social and Military History
2061:
by protecting the victims of the conflict and refraining from attacks on
2033:
1917:
1873:
1817:
1788:
1731:
1669:
1630:
1426:
1349:
1325:
1167:
1045:
952:
864:
804:
633:
539:
458:
348:
325:
5481:
3740:
Forgotten Fifteenth: The Daring Airmen Who Crippled Hitler's War Machine
3215:
Overy, Richard, "The Battle of Britain: The Myth and the Reality", p. 91
1361:
1320:
6260:
6240:
6180:
6140:
6014:
6009:
5854:
5733:
5614:
5227:"Hace 60 años la Marina y la Aeronáutica bombardeaban la Plaza de Mayo"
4763:. Springer Science & Business Media. 5 August 2002. pp. 192–.
1972:
Budapest was attacked by intense Soviet air strikes in 1956 during the
1941:
1933:
1885:
1676:
1575:
1438:
1136:
1025:
924:
872:
868:
800:
796:
748:
730:
717:
601:
477:
450:
433:
412:
392:
234:
178:
5252:
5093:"Assad Defiant as Activists Report Surge in Syrian Government Attacks"
3478:"Jena, Jülich, Kaiserslautern, Karlsruhe, Kärnten, Kassel and Kempten"
1457:(using guided munitions). Israel also conducted air strikes targeting
6029:
5814:
5754:
5698:
5393:
Francisco Javier Guisández Gómez, a colonel in the Spanish Air Force
2962:
Florian Ion Tiberiu Petrescu, Relly Victoria Petrescu (August 2017).
1945:
1913:
1901:
1821:
1803:. Despite the NATO campaign appearing to violate NATO's charter, the
1784:
1446:
1442:
1414:
1410:
1033:
972:
848:
808:
683:
651:
597:
555:
419:
364:
344:
4734:
Yugoslavia Unraveled: Sovereignty, Self-Determination, Intervention
3765:
The Battle of Stalingrad in Critical Analysis, Photographs and Maps
3185:. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1979 ff. Band 6: Horst Boog,
3067:""Atentado salvaje" sobre el Pilar: relato del 3 de agosto de 1936"
1860:, the U.S.-led coalition aircraft again bombed Iraq, including the
237:, with a greatly reduced risk to its ground forces. The killing of
6230:
5959:
5914:
5829:
5666:
4139:"Why They Died Civilian Casualties in Lebanon during the 2006 War"
3330:
Horst Boog; Germany. Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt (1990).
2909:"Eighty years later, the Nazi war crime in Guernica still matters"
2027:
2015:
1937:
1881:
1877:
1869:
1680:
1617:
1613:
1599:
1538:
1501:
1486:
1466:
1434:
1406:
1390:
1345:
1319:
1183:
1120:
1116:
1069:
946:
930:
910:
830:
641:
629:
406:
183:
177:
151:
143:
131:
1668:
as part of the ceasefire agreement that ended hostilities of the
1142:
The Luftwaffe also bombed cities in the Soviet Union, destroying
5894:
4382:
Getting Somalia Wrong?: Faith, War and Hope in a Shattered State
2950:
La vida cotidiana durante la guerra civil: la España republicana
1925:
1921:
1776:
1555:
1551:
1300:
heavily bombed the cities in North Korea and the North-occupied
1112:
1037:
7183:
5490:
4790:
Strategic Terror: The Politics and Ethics of Aerial Bombardment
2487:
Tilford, Earl H. Jr. (1996). "Air Warfare: Strategic Bombing".
5161:"Assad drops almost 70,000 barrel bombs on Syria, study finds"
4965:"Syria War: What Are Barrel Bombs and Why Are They So Deadly?"
1799:. In addition to military casualties, there were at least 500
1711:
206:
29:
5397:
International Review of the Red Cross no 323, pp. 347–63
3675:"Bombing Italy: Allied Strategies, 1940–1945 Exhibitionlast="
3206:
Ellis, Major L.F., "The War In France And Flanders 1939–1940"
2587:"Lord Thomson 1924 – Note from Air Ministry, August 14, 1924"
1629:
Isaaq clan) to flee and cross the border into Hartasheikh in
698:
were also targeted in this way. On 26 April 1937, the German
481:
occurred on 5 August 1918, which resulted in the death of KK
5129:"'Barrel bombs' kill 11 people in northern Syria: activists"
5003:"Syrian regime forces filmed dropping 'barrel bomb' on Homs"
2381:. Manchester u.a.: Manchester Univ. Press. pp. 110–11.
1624:
in the north of the country. Civilians were also strafed by
1084:
in some cites. The most extreme examples were caused by the
2489:
The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia
1294:
1060:
launched the first "1,000 bomber raid" when 1,046 aircraft
285:
tied gunpowder barrels to kites used for airborne assault.
148:
The results of German bombardment in Warsaw, Poland (1939).
4522:
Racism and Ethnicity: Global Debates, Dilemmas, Directions
3333:
Germany and the Second World War: Volume 6: The Global War
3256:"Germany bombs London (pictures, video, facts & news)"
3226:"Britain bombs Berlin (pictures, video, facts & news)"
2462:
Madison, Rodney (2005). "Air Warfare, Strategic Bombing".
1115:) and the major industrial cities of northern Italy, like
674:
made extensive use of aerial bombing on civilian targets.
612:, while bombing government forces in the adjacent town of
4584:"Operation Desert Storm – Evaluation of the Air Campaign"
4468:
The Early Morning Phonecall: Somali Refugees' Remittances
1088:
in Operation Gomorrah (45,000 dead), and the bombings of
4918:"Aleppo: BBC journalist on Syria warplanes bombing city"
2624:
The Bombers: The RAF offensive against Germany 1939–1945
2466:. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. pp. 45–46.
1904:
on 24 July 2012, the first use of aerial bombing in the
1379:
attacked Southern cities (including the capital city of
1016:", and ran from September 1940 through to May 1941. The
678:
gave aircraft to Franco to support the overthrow of the
140:
by the Condor Legion of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe (1937).
5533:
5111:"Despite peace talks, Assad's forces drop barrel bombs"
4121:"Beirut under siege as Israel attacks from air and sea"
2402:
Larsen, Christopher; Tremain, Dick (1 September 1999).
1824:
from the air with mostly unguided munitions (including
1612:
aircraft conducted intense aerial bombardment of major
5075:"43 Syrian civilians killed by Assad barrel-bomb raid"
3721:"Serbia marks anniversary of Nazi bombing of Belgrade"
3093:
The Illustrated London News, Marching to War 1933–1939
1958:
strategically bombed the Ukrainian civilian power grid
395:
to bomb Neveria Hill adjacent to the downtown area of
265:
were first used in warfare by the Chinese. During the
3460:""Operation Gomorrha" 1943 – Feuersturm über Hamburg"
293:
In 1849, Austrian forces besieging Venice during the
4878:"Iraq timeline: February 1 2004 to December 31 2004"
4409:
The New Africa: Dispatches from a Changing Continent
3988:
Foreign Relations, 1964–1968, Volume V, Vietnam 1967
3378:
Geographies of Violence: Killing Space, Killing Time
2563:
A History of the English-Speaking Peoples since 1900
1828:) as well as bombarding it with a massive artillery
1783:
in 1999 included targeted aerial bombing throughout
1660:, targeting civilians with the use of bomb-carrying
1352:, were lifted, and they were bombed by the USAF and
7642:
7591:
7545:
7472:
7406:
7363:
7287:
7251:
7215:
7157:
7148:
7113:
7082:
7071:
7032:
7011:
6990:
6969:
6948:
6785:
6764:
6728:
6700:
6691:
6646:
6610:
6465:
6439:
6408:
6382:
6356:
6335:
6274:
6098:
6077:
5747:
5687:
5680:
5649:
5628:
5597:
5571:
5562:
4896:"Syria crisis: clashes and prison mutiny in Aleppo"
1048:), officially in response to the raid on Coventry.
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
5358:
5180:"Freedom or Death: The Hungarian Uprising of 1956"
5131:. National | Globalnews.ca. December 1, 2013.
3179:In 'Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt (Hrsg.):
1068:Two further 1,000 bomber raids were executed over
7717:World War II strategic bombing by populated place
7210:RAF strategic bombing during the Second World War
320:The first ever air raid was conducted during the
279:De nobilitatibus, sapientiis, et prudentiis regum
5253:"Recuperar la historia, a 60 años del bombardeo"
4782:
4780:
3854:Lessons from Japan for the US occupation of Iraq
686:; this bombardment was sustained throughout the
213:. The bombing of cities grew to a vast scale in
4959:
4957:
3520:"10 Most Devastating Bombing Campaigns of WWII"
3293:Terraine, John, "The Right of the Line", p. 112
2675:Society, State, and Identity in African History
2284:. US: Oxford University Press. pp. 9, 10.
2249:
2247:
2207:"International Law on the Bombing of Civilians"
2188:translation Volume VII, Yad Vashem, pp. 406–07.
1722:, who claimed that the shelter was used by the
1656:in 1990 and bombed their own cities during the
1582:in 1988, killing more than 5,000 people in the
1570:attacks). Iraqi aircraft also bombed the Iraqi
723:Shortly after, the front-page headlines of the
5057:"Barrel bomb attack kills 14 in eastern Syria"
4350:From Tyranny to Anarchy: The Somali Experience
747:, Italian aircraft stationed on the island of
7195:
5502:
5337:'Long-range' in the context of the time. See
5001:Sep 2012, 6:25PM BST 01 (September 1, 2012).
4321:Somaliland: Time for African Union Leadership
3876:"The U.S. war crime North Korea won't forget"
3874:Harden, Blaine; Harden, Blaine (2015-03-20).
3496:"The Bombing of Germany 1940–1945 Exhibition"
1527:" to civilians and non-combatants during the
1234:to reach the Japanese home islands using the
835:Casualties of a mass panic during a Japanese
8:
5460:Fire and Fury: the Allied Bombing of Germany
2020:A memorial for victims of aerial bombing in
1543:"War of the Cities" during the Iran-Iraq War
1028:, and destroying much of both city centres.
817:Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar
743:. Under the command of the Italian dictator
5435:. New York: Walker Publishing Company Inc.
5023:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3657:"Allied Bombing In Normandy: Army, Part 23"
3539:"Pforzheim: the Dresden nobody knows about"
3182:Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg
2699:Shultz, Richard H.; Dew, Andrea J. (2006).
2491:. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. pp. 13–15.
1868:targets, including in urban locations like
7660:Air operations during the Battle of Europe
7202:
7188:
7180:
7154:
7079:
6945:
6697:
5684:
5568:
5509:
5495:
5487:
5178:Raffensperger, Todd Avery (January 2016).
4068:. Archived from the original on 2010-10-15
3012:"ABC CĂłrdoba - Noticias de CĂłrdoba en ABC"
2651:. University Press of Kansas. p. 65.
1146:in a massive air raid at the start of the
328:, a village 8 km west of the capital
6828:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
5300:
5298:
5296:
5143:"Barrel bombs kill at least 15 in Aleppo"
4495:Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics
4176:"Israel kills scores in Gaza air strikes"
3986:Released by the Office of the Historian.
2705:. Columbia University Press. p. 68.
2678:. African Books Collective. p. 279.
2647:Corum, James S; Johnson, Wray R. (2003).
1264:atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
5305:Gómez, Javier Guisández (20 June 1998).
4215:"Escaping the past: the widows of Herat"
4157:"Time Line of Second (Al-Aqsa) Intifada"
3197:. 1990, ISBN 978-3-421-06233-8, S. 455f.
3045:(in Spanish). Madrid: Almena Ediciones.
2441:. Harvard University Press. p. 81.
2254:The Strange and Violent History of Kites
2125:Civilian casualties of strategic bombing
2046:Aerial bombardment and international law
1988:during a military uprising to overthrow
1328:cement plant and vicinity, 27 April 1967
620:by a foreign power in American history.
4760:World Court Digest: Volume 3: 1996–2000
4591:United States General Accounting Office
4374:
4372:
4370:
3599:Matthias Neutzner; et al. (2010).
2176:
1324:USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63) planes raid the
5016:
4315:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4308:
4079:
4013:"Timeline: Israel War of Independence"
3856:by Yusuf Al-Khabbaz (2 September 2004)
3582:"The SwinemĂĽnde Mission 12 March 1945"
2534:"London's World War I Zeppelin Terror"
2346:"The first ever air raid – Libya 1911"
2140:United States Strategic Bombing Survey
1836:alone) including civilians during the
1816:Post-Soviet Russia heavily bombed the
1589:
1340:conducted an aerial campaign known as
1056:quarters started. On 30 May 1942, the
7655:United States Army Air Forces (USAAF)
5518:Strategic bombing during World War II
5365:. New York: The Free Press. pp.
5312:International Review of the Red Cross
4950:from the original on 12 October 2017.
4906:from the original on 8 December 2015.
4196:. London: Palgrave MacMillan. p. 30.
3963:
3961:
3805:"1939–1945 – Hungary in World War II"
3514:
3512:
3266:from the original on 23 November 2017
2835:"Madrid during the Spanish Civil War"
2556:
2554:
2532:Klein, Christopher (31 August 2018).
1962:Russian bombing of civilian buildings
907:Strategic bombing during World War II
7:
7650:Aerial defence of the United Kingdom
5327:from the original on 6 January 2010.
4347:Adam, Hussein Mohamed (2008-01-01).
4060:"The Beirut Massacre: The Four Days"
4030:Cathy Hartley, Paul Cossali (2004).
3970:"The North Vietnam Leaflet Campaign"
3968:Friedman, Sergeant Major Herbert A.
3357:Ztvordokov, Sheldon (January 2007).
2797:Sierra Vista: Young City with a Past
2418:from the original on 7 December 2010
2356:from the original on 11 January 2018
2256:, Haaretz, Noa Manheim, 28 June 2018
1765:(JNA) carried out aerial bombing of
428:Strategic bombing during World War I
58:adding citations to reliable sources
7315:Combined Bomber Offensive (1943–44)
4982:Grierson, Jamie (October 1, 2016).
4633:Frontline: The Gulf War (1990 1991)
4174:Nidal al-Mughrabi (December 2008).
3742:. Regnery Publishing. p. 144.
2992:from the original on 24 August 2011
2626:. London: Hutchinson. p. 139.
1980:, the Argentine government seat at
710:bombed the Spanish city of Guernica
27:Bombardment of a city from aircraft
7671:Death by Moonlight: Bomber Command
5041:. February 1, 2014. Archived from
4928:from the original on 27 July 2012.
4855:Correll, John T. (November 2003).
4737:. Lexington Books. pp. 177–.
4106:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs
3912:Groot, Gerard J. De (5 May 2018).
3632:Selwood, Dominic (February 2015).
3236:from the original on 28 April 2018
2053:, theoretically, must comply with
1976:. A year before, on 16 June 1955,
1491:Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
983:. The Soviet Union also attempted
861:Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
857:Imperial Japanese Army Air Service
498:The bomber will always get through
25:
4857:"What Happened to Shock and Awe?"
4836:Scars remain amid Chechen revival
3780:The Allies Strike Back, 1941–1943
3613:from the original on 10 June 2011
3537:Borrud, Gabriel (February 2015).
3420:Grafton, Brian (September 2001).
3403:"Devastation of Cologne, Germany"
2603:from the original on 6 March 2016
1679:and the largest southern city of
1481:In March 1979, in response to an
951:Results of the US-bombing of the
837:air raid in Chongqing (Chungking)
558:, the capital of the revolt. The
355:. Historically, it was the first
295:First Italian War of Independence
289:First Italian War of Independence
136:Only ruins left after the aerial
7300:Area bombing of cities (1942–43)
4990:– via www.theguardian.com.
4508:from the original on 2016-12-26.
4434:"Welcome to World Bank Intranet"
4032:Survey of Arab-Israeli Relations
3833:from the original on 2 June 2017
3560:. Clarendon Press. p. 472.
3162:from the original on 2020-10-31.
2920:from the original on 2017-04-29.
2770:Ellis, Dolan; Lowe, Sam (2014).
2004:and Russian aircraft during the
1590:Somalia's campaign against Isaaq
1584:largest aerial poison gas attack
1348:and the country's largest port,
1281:Bombing of North Korea 1950–1953
1260:shatter Japanese civilian morale
574:In the United States during the
515:Iraqi revolt against the British
509:Iraqi revolt against the British
436:. This city, at that moment the
34:
7228:RAF strategic bombing 1942–1945
4793:. Zed Books Ltd. pp. 88–.
4717:US Department of State Dispatch
4640:from the original on 2021-12-15
4561:Grant, Rebecca (January 2011).
4446:from the original on 2016-12-26
4412:. University Press of Florida.
4298:from the original on 2017-02-02
4102:"The Second Lebanon War (2006)"
3946:Valentine, Tom (January 2014).
3894:from the original on 2017-04-22
3095:. Doubleday. 1989. p. 135.
2952:. p. 254 Editorial Planeta 1975
2230:. Mossy Feet Books. p. 7.
2147:, the world's first long-range
981:the first city destroyed by 75%
45:needs additional citations for
5395:ICRC: "The Law of Air Warfare"
4000:United States State Department
3041:Saiz Cidoncha, Carlos (2006).
2906:Tharoor, Ishaan (April 2017).
2344:Johnston, Alan (10 May 2011).
2334:, Richard P. Hallion, page 66
2059:international humanitarian law
1708:killing at least 408 civilians
1578:in 1988 with conventional and
1405:Israeli cities were bombed by
1332:From 1965 to 1968, during the
182:The remains of German town of
1:
7712:Airstrikes by populated place
7233:Area Bombing Directive (1942)
4336:. Americas Watch. 1987-01-01.
3763:Jones, Jeffrey Frank (2015).
3655:Copp, Terry (November 1998).
3458:Niessen, Martin (July 2018).
2964:"Military aviation, Part III"
2795:Price, Ethel Jackson (2003).
2772:Arizona Lens, Lyrics and Lore
2266:China Reconstructs, Volume 33
2103:legitimate military objective
2038:Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park
1986:four waves of fighter-bombers
1554:attacked civilian targets in
1373:Republic of Vietnam Air Force
1232:United States Army Air Forces
959:(Slovakia) in September 1944.
863:, began relentlessly bombing
391:, later president, ordered a
205:, which became widespread in
5251:PiquĂ©, MartĂn (2015-06-14).
4119:McGreal, Chris (July 2006).
3918:. Harvard University Press.
3606:. Landeshauptstadt Dresden.
3439:Stutte, Harald (July 2018).
3073:(in Spanish). 8 October 2018
3018:(in Spanish). Archived from
1620:during its campaign against
987:against Poland and Finland,
975:(also bombed in 1944), with
18:Aerial bombardment of cities
7243:Casablanca directive (1943)
5357:Neufeld, Michael J (1995).
4692:Manchester University Press
4593:. June 1997. Archived from
4379:Harper, Mary (2012-02-09).
4233:"Iran-Iraq War (1980–1988)"
3948:"Operation Rolling Thunder"
3524:onlinemilitaryeducation.org
3124:Hallion, Richard P (2012).
2311:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 9–10.
1529:U.S.-led war in Afghanistan
638:Second Italo-Abyssinian War
624:Second Italo-Abyssinian War
445:(RNAS) undertook the first
7738:
7320:Battle of Berlin (1943–44)
7264:Frederick "Prof" Lindemann
4731:Raju G. C. Thomas (2003).
4501:. World Bank. p. 10.
3782:. Atlantic Monthly Press.
2043:
1749:NATO bombing of Yugoslavia
1746:
1724:Iraqi Intelligence Service
1694:(USAF) warplane fired two
1641:
1616:cities targeting civilian
1593:
1521:precision-guided munitions
1517:September 11, 2001 attacks
1377:Vietnam People's Air Force
1310:People's Republic of China
1278:
1177:
943:, London, 27 January 1945.
904:
859:, in conjunction with the
853:Marco Polo Bridge Incident
632:used aircraft against the
585:
496:stated in a 1932 speech, "
425:
201:is an optional element of
69:"Aerial bombing of cities"
7310:Battle of the Ruhr (1943)
5524:
5321:10.1017/S0020860400091075
4815:"The Battle(s) of Grozny"
4686:Rogers, A. P. V. (2004).
4657:Virginia, Sherry (1991).
4406:Press, Robert M. (1999).
4251:"Iran-Iraq War Timeline*"
4086:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4034:. Routledge. p. 91.
3935:– via Google Books.
3738:Tillman, Barrett (2014).
2821:The Rape of Ethiopia 1936
2622:Longmate, Norman (1983).
2305:Justin D. Murphy (2005).
1706:neighborhood of Baghdad,
1672:but not the war itself).
1634:the 'Dresden of Africa'.
1500:'s third-largest city of
1396:Bombing of the Gaza Strip
1342:Operation Rolling Thunder
1236:Boeing B-29 Superfortress
1191:before and after bombing.
1080:and incendiaries created
670:, the Nationalists under
618:Continental United States
542:and emir, the so-called "
316:Italian Invasion of Libya
7634:Light Night Strike Force
5534:Aerial bombing of cities
5315:. nº 323 (323): 347–63.
5307:"The Law of Air Warfare"
4845:, BBC News, 3 March 2007
3852:Media Monitors Network.
3401:McDonald, Jason (2007).
3380:. Sage. p. cxxxix.
2932:"...bombing of Guernica"
2852:Havardi, Jeremy (2010).
2561:Roberts, Andrew (2010).
2278:Richard Hallion (2003).
1787:, notably of targets in
1781:bombing of FR Yugoslavia
1753:At the beginning of the
1622:Somali National Movement
1453:in 1982, and during the
877:Second Sino-Japanese War
827:Second Sino-Japanese War
383:In May 1914, during the
199:aerial bombing of cities
5478:OAH Magazine of History
5400:Jefferson D. Reynolds.
5184:Warfare History Network
3778:Holland, James (2017).
3426:Military History Online
2982:"Massacre in Barcelona"
2774:. Inkwell Productions.
2375:Paris, Michael (1992).
2055:laws and customs of war
1692:United States Air Force
1690:On 13 February 1991, a
1666:banned by the Coalition
1338:United States Air Force
1293:of 1950–1953, U.S.-led
1266:killed 120,000 people.
1197:Asiatic-Pacific Theater
1174:Asiatic-Pacific Theater
443:Royal Naval Air Service
7274:Sir Archibald Sinclair
7259:Arthur "Bomber" Harris
7238:Dehousing paper (1942)
5539:Area bombing directive
4787:Beau Grosscup (2013).
4688:Law on the Battlefield
4492:Gajraj, Priya (2005).
4465:Lindley, Anna (2013).
4058:(September 25, 1982).
4002:. Accessed 22 May 2008
3359:"Operation Millennium"
3150:Allert M.A. Goossens.
2404:"Bombs to the Balkans"
2041:
2025:
1763:Yugoslav People's Army
1685:Operation Desert Storm
1664:(use of airplanes was
1658:1991 uprisings in Iraq
1605:
1544:
1402:
1329:
1256:Operation Meetinghouse
1244:Operation Meetinghouse
1192:
1042:targets of opportunity
960:
944:
928:
893:
840:
753:Cathedral of Barcelona
423:
194:
175:
149:
141:
7419:Boston (Douglas DB-7)
7305:U-boat pens (1943–44)
7295:Oil targets (1940-45)
5432:Among the Dead Cities
5339:NASA history article.
5013:on September 1, 2012.
3861:13 March 2008 at the
3376:Doel, Marcus (2017).
3260:bbc.co.uk BBC History
3230:bbc.co.uk BBC History
3111:SecondWorldWarHistory
2839:Spartacus Educational
2672:Zewde, Bahru (2008).
2437:Sifton, John (2015).
2070:1907 Hague Convention
2031:
2019:
1858:2003 Invasion of Iraq
1696:laser-guided missiles
1644:Gulf War air campaign
1603:
1542:
1419:1948 Arab-Israeli war
1394:
1387:Arab-Israeli Conflict
1323:
1254:After the successful
1187:
950:
934:
914:
888:
834:
410:
385:revolution of 1910–17
225:from the air against
181:
155:
147:
135:
7665:Defence of the Reich
5935:Ludwigshafen / Oppau
5672:Saint-Leu-d'Esserent
5480:22.4 (2008): 25-29.
5412:(PDF) pp. 4–108
5405:Air Force Law Review
5045:on February 1, 2014.
4192:Urban, Mark (1990).
3697:A War Without Ground
3682:University of Exeter
3556:Blank, Ralf (2008).
3503:University of Exeter
3407:World War 2 Database
3071:El Heraldo de AragĂłn
2856:. Shepheard-Walwyn.
1984:, was the target of
1974:Hungarian Revolution
1465:, including against
1449:aircraft during the
1445:was attacked by the
1417:aircraft during the
1285:Bombing of Pyongyang
1230:in 1944 enabled the
1148:Battle of Stalingrad
1125:for example Belgrade
955:industrial plant in
765:Aviazione Legionaria
604:pilot and mercenary
54:improve this article
7568:Intruder operations
7382:("Dambusters" raid)
7083:Mandatory Palestine
5007:www.telegraph.co.uk
4056:Friedman, Thomas L.
3880:The Washington Post
3803:Pike, John (2016).
3586:the467tharchive.org
3363:historyinreview.org
3189:, Reinhard Stumpf,
2878:"Spanish Civil War"
2439:Violence All Around
1912:, on the cities of
1900:bombed the city of
1846:Presidential Palace
1842:Second Chechen Wars
1826:fuel-air explosives
1801:civilian casualties
1477:Wars in Afghanistan
1461:targets during the
1226:The capture of the
1104:(23,000 dead), and
845:Manchurian Incident
733:by German planes".
644:. On 22 March, the
576:Tulsa race massacre
570:Tulsa race massacre
560:Somaliland Campaign
552:Dhulbahante garesas
530:Somaliland Campaign
389:Venustiano Carranza
375:attended the site.
299:incendiary balloons
138:Bombing of Guernica
7685:Target for Tonight
7269:Sir Charles Portal
7223:Butt Report (1941)
6322:Rotterdam (Allied)
6287:Amsterdam (Allied)
5462:(Doubleday 2008).
5449:Joan T. Phillips.
5344:2009-01-07 at the
5288:Human Rights Watch
5282:2008-09-12 at the
5117:. 25 January 2014.
4841:2016-07-31 at the
4663:Human Rights Watch
4621:, 14 February 1991
4471:. Berghahn Books.
4333:Human Rights Watch
4237:GlobalSecurity.org
4221:on April 10, 2008.
4194:War in Afghanistan
4143:Human Rights Watch
4065:The New York Times
4017:zionism-israel.com
3952:thevietnamwar.info
3809:GlobalSecurity.org
3130:Air Force Magazine
2518:2007-09-04 at the
2193:2016-03-03 at the
2086:military necessity
2078:Geneva Conventions
2076:additional to the
2042:
2026:
1606:
1545:
1506:Soviet involvement
1403:
1330:
1270:Since World War II
1193:
1180:Air raids on Japan
1086:bombing of Hamburg
1058:RAF Bomber Command
961:
945:
929:
841:
789:Spanish Republican
680:Spanish Republican
564:sub-Saharan Africa
548:British Somaliland
522:, who commanded a
424:
379:Mexican Revolution
297:launched some 200
275:Walter de Milemete
253:Before World War I
195:
176:
150:
142:
7722:Building bombings
7694:
7693:
7629:No. 100 Group RAF
7374:(Friedrichshafen)
7177:
7176:
7173:
7172:
7144:
7143:
7073:Mediterranean and
7067:
7066:
6965:
6964:
6687:
6686:
6490:Barrow-in-Furness
6475:Battle of Britain
6073:
6072:
5845:Freiburg (Allies)
5549:Strategic bombing
5468:978-0-385-66403-5
5458:Hansen, Randall.
5167:. 3 January 2018.
4825:on July 20, 2011.
4800:978-1-84813-784-4
4770:978-3-540-43588-4
4744:978-0-585-45499-3
4701:978-0-7190-6136-3
4672:978-0-3000-5599-3
4532:978-1-4058-5912-7
4519:Law, Ian (2010).
4478:978-1-78238-328-4
4419:978-0-8130-1704-4
4392:978-1-78032-105-9
4385:. Zed Books Ltd.
4360:978-1-56902-288-7
4353:. Red Sea Press.
4145:. September 2007.
3992:Documents 222–239
3343:978-0-19-822888-2
2988:. 16 March 2008.
2882:Century of Flight
2726:Brown, DeNeen L.
2712:978-0-231-12982-4
2685:978-99944-50-25-1
2318:978-1-85109-488-2
2291:978-0-19-516035-2
2237:978-1-4761-3714-8
2224:Paul R. Wonning.
2156:boundary of space
2152:ballistic missile
2135:Strategic bombing
2063:protected persons
2012:International law
1720:Wafiq al-Samarrai
1568:ballistic missile
1560:War of the Cities
1525:collateral damage
1489:-control army of
1156:siege of the city
1078:blockbuster bombs
985:strategic bombing
927:, Germany (1943).
884:League of Nations
741:Spanish Civil War
726:Diario de Almeria
714:a famous painting
668:Spanish Civil War
662:Spanish Civil War
650:bombed Harar and
647:Regia Aeronautica
520:Sir Arthur Harris
487:Independent Force
322:Italo-Turkish War
247:collateral damage
203:strategic bombing
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
7729:
7619:No. 6 Group RCAF
7553:Area bombardment
7537:Target indicator
7510:Blockbuster bomb
7325:Transport (1944)
7204:
7197:
7190:
7181:
7155:
7080:
6977:Allied Singapore
6946:
6698:
6668:(Czechoslovakia)
6457:ZĂĽrich and Basel
6317:Rotterdam (Axis)
6282:Amsterdam (Axis)
5685:
5569:
5564:European theatre
5529:Area bombardment
5511:
5504:
5497:
5488:
5446:
5381:
5380:
5364:
5354:
5348:
5335:
5329:
5328:
5302:
5291:
5290:, 14 August 2008
5274:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5248:
5242:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5223:
5217:
5216:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5186:. Archived from
5175:
5169:
5168:
5157:
5151:
5150:
5139:
5133:
5132:
5125:
5119:
5118:
5107:
5101:
5100:
5097:Voice of America
5089:
5083:
5082:
5071:
5065:
5064:
5053:
5047:
5046:
5035:
5029:
5028:
5022:
5014:
5009:. Archived from
4998:
4992:
4991:
4979:
4973:
4972:
4961:
4952:
4951:
4946:. 24 July 2012.
4936:
4930:
4929:
4924:. 24 July 2012.
4914:
4908:
4907:
4902:. 24 July 2012.
4892:
4886:
4885:
4874:
4868:
4867:
4861:
4852:
4846:
4833:
4827:
4826:
4821:. Archived from
4811:
4805:
4804:
4784:
4775:
4774:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4728:
4722:
4721:
4712:
4706:
4705:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4645:
4628:
4622:
4617:Report aired on
4615:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4599:
4588:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4570:Northrop Grumman
4567:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4546:"Africa Watch".
4543:
4537:
4536:
4516:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4500:
4489:
4483:
4482:
4462:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4445:
4438:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4403:
4397:
4396:
4376:
4365:
4364:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4314:
4306:
4304:
4303:
4297:
4290:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4266:
4260:. Archived from
4258:WilsonCenter.org
4255:
4247:
4241:
4240:
4229:
4223:
4222:
4217:. Archived from
4211:
4205:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4171:
4165:
4164:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4116:
4110:
4109:
4098:
4092:
4091:
4085:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4052:
4046:
4045:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4009:
4003:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3965:
3956:
3955:
3943:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3915:The Bomb: A Life
3909:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3871:
3865:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3735:
3729:
3728:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3679:
3671:
3665:
3664:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3640:. Archived from
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3612:
3605:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3526:. February 2012.
3516:
3507:
3506:
3500:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3422:"Bomber Command"
3417:
3411:
3410:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3312:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3294:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3222:
3216:
3213:
3207:
3204:
3198:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3156:War Over Holland
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3126:"The Winter War"
3121:
3115:
3114:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3022:on 16 March 2012
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2959:
2953:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2911:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2884:. Archived from
2874:
2868:
2867:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2830:
2824:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2751:Keyes, Allison.
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2602:
2594:flightglobal.com
2591:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2558:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2529:
2523:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2408:Army Logistician
2399:
2393:
2392:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2341:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2242:
2241:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2209:. Archived from
2203:
2197:
2181:
2164:vengeance weapon
2115:Area bombardment
2000:were hit by the
1906:Syrian Civil War
1700:air raid shelter
1626:Somali Air Force
1610:Somali Air Force
1580:chemical weapons
1510:Afghan civil war
1455:2006 Lebanon War
1400:Israel–Hamas war
1364:during the 1968
1358:South Vietnamese
1240:firebombed Tokyo
1164:Soviet Air Force
989:bombing Helsinki
901:European Theater
762:and the Italian
745:Benito Mussolini
672:Francisco Franco
536:Dervish movement
438:National Redoubt
416:SchĂĽtte Lanz SL2
353:First Balkan War
347:) was bombed by
308:that acted as a
263:Incendiary kites
186:after intensive
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
7737:
7736:
7732:
7731:
7730:
7728:
7727:
7726:
7697:
7696:
7695:
7690:
7638:
7624:No. 8 Group RAF
7614:No. 5 Group RAF
7609:No. 4 Group RAF
7604:No. 3 Group RAF
7599:No. 1 Group RAF
7587:
7583:Shuttle bombing
7541:
7515:Earthquake bomb
7468:
7402:
7359:
7283:
7247:
7211:
7208:
7178:
7169:
7140:
7109:
7074:
7063:
7028:
7007:
6986:
6961:
6944:
6781:
6760:
6724:
6683:
6642:
6606:
6467:
6461:
6435:
6404:
6378:
6352:
6331:
6270:
6216:Reggio Calabria
6094:
6069:
5850:Friedrichshafen
5840:Freiburg (Axis)
5743:
5690:
5676:
5645:
5624:
5593:
5589:Wiener Neustadt
5558:
5520:
5515:
5443:
5427:Grayling, A. C.
5425:
5422:
5420:Further reading
5409:Volume 56, 2005
5390:
5385:
5384:
5377:
5369:, 160–62, 190.
5356:
5355:
5351:
5346:Wayback Machine
5336:
5332:
5304:
5303:
5294:
5284:Wayback Machine
5275:
5271:
5262:
5260:
5250:
5249:
5245:
5236:
5234:
5225:
5224:
5220:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5193:
5191:
5177:
5176:
5172:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5141:
5140:
5136:
5127:
5126:
5122:
5109:
5108:
5104:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5079:Middle East Eye
5073:
5072:
5068:
5055:
5054:
5050:
5037:
5036:
5032:
5015:
5000:
4999:
4995:
4981:
4980:
4976:
4963:
4962:
4955:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4916:
4915:
4911:
4894:
4893:
4889:
4876:
4875:
4871:
4864:airforcemag.com
4859:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4843:Wayback Machine
4834:
4830:
4819:www.caucasus.dk
4813:
4812:
4808:
4801:
4786:
4785:
4778:
4771:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4745:
4730:
4729:
4725:
4714:
4713:
4709:
4702:
4685:
4684:
4680:
4673:
4656:
4655:
4651:
4643:
4641:
4630:
4629:
4625:
4616:
4612:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4586:
4582:
4581:
4577:
4565:
4560:
4559:
4555:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4533:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4505:
4498:
4491:
4490:
4486:
4479:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4449:
4447:
4443:
4436:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4420:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4393:
4378:
4377:
4368:
4361:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4330:
4329:
4325:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4288:
4286:"Archived copy"
4284:
4283:
4279:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4253:
4249:
4248:
4244:
4239:. 25 July 2019.
4231:
4230:
4226:
4213:
4212:
4208:
4191:
4187:
4173:
4172:
4168:
4163:. October 2008.
4155:
4154:
4150:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4118:
4117:
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3695:Cann, Michael.
3694:
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3668:
3661:Legion Magazine
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3320:Terraine p. 268
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3010:
3009:
3005:
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2980:
2979:
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2961:
2960:
2956:
2948:Abella, Rafael
2947:
2943:
2930:
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2925:
2905:
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2891:
2889:
2876:
2875:
2871:
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2846:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2819:Barker, A. J.,
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2732:Washington Post
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2565:. Hachette UK.
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2195:Wayback Machine
2182:
2178:
2173:
2158:, developed in
2111:
2098:proportionality
2048:
2014:
1970:
1968:Other conflicts
1954:
1894:
1866:Iraqi insurgent
1854:
1834:1994–1995 siege
1814:
1751:
1745:
1728:Royal Air Force
1650:Iraqi Air Force
1646:
1640:
1598:
1592:
1537:
1479:
1463:Second Intifada
1451:Siege of Beirut
1389:
1318:
1287:
1277:
1272:
1228:Mariana Islands
1182:
1176:
1108:(25,000 dead).
1100:(21,200 dead),
1096:(12,500 dead),
1092:(10,000 dead),
909:
903:
898:
829:
688:Siege of Madrid
664:
626:
590:
588:Bombing of Naco
584:
572:
538:, their sultan
532:
511:
506:
504:Interwar period
494:Stanley Baldwin
430:
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381:
351:in 1912 in the
338:
318:
310:balloon carrier
291:
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126:
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11:
5:
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7709:
7707:Aerial bombing
7699:
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7688:
7681:
7678:Into the Storm
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7505:"Monica" radar
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6715:
6708:Burma campaign
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5907:
5902:
5900:Kaiserslautern
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
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5842:
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5701:
5695:
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5682:
5678:
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5675:
5674:
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5659:
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5646:
5644:
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5506:
5499:
5491:
5485:
5484:
5474:
5456:
5447:
5441:
5421:
5418:
5417:
5416:
5413:
5398:
5389:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5376:978-0029228951
5375:
5349:
5330:
5292:
5269:
5243:
5218:
5200:
5170:
5152:
5134:
5120:
5102:
5084:
5066:
5063:. 23 May 2015.
5048:
5030:
4993:
4974:
4953:
4931:
4909:
4887:
4869:
4847:
4828:
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4776:
4769:
4750:
4743:
4723:
4707:
4700:
4678:
4671:
4649:
4623:
4610:
4575:
4563:"Desert Storm"
4553:
4538:
4531:
4511:
4484:
4477:
4457:
4425:
4418:
4398:
4391:
4366:
4359:
4339:
4323:
4277:
4242:
4224:
4206:
4185:
4166:
4161:mideastweb.org
4148:
4130:
4111:
4093:
4047:
4041:978-1135355272
4040:
4022:
4004:
3979:
3974:psywarrior.com
3957:
3938:
3924:
3904:
3866:
3844:
3827:pbs.org/thewar
3814:
3795:
3789:978-0802190147
3788:
3770:
3755:
3749:978-1621572084
3748:
3730:
3712:
3706:978-1387804238
3705:
3687:
3666:
3647:
3644:on 2015-02-13.
3624:
3591:
3573:
3567:978-0199282777
3566:
3548:
3543:Deutsche Welle
3529:
3508:
3487:
3469:
3450:
3445:Spiegel Online
3431:
3412:
3393:
3387:978-1526413888
3386:
3368:
3349:
3342:
3336:. OUP Oxford.
3322:
3313:
3304:
3295:
3286:
3277:
3247:
3217:
3208:
3199:
3165:
3142:
3116:
3098:
3084:
3058:
3051:
3033:
3016:ABC de Sevilla
3003:
2973:
2954:
2941:
2923:
2898:
2869:
2863:978-0856833359
2862:
2844:
2833:Simkin, John.
2825:
2812:
2805:
2787:
2781:978-1939625601
2780:
2762:
2743:
2718:
2711:
2691:
2684:
2664:
2658:978-0700612406
2657:
2639:
2632:
2614:
2578:
2572:978-0297865247
2571:
2550:
2524:
2504:
2497:
2479:
2472:
2454:
2448:978-0674057692
2447:
2429:
2394:
2387:
2367:
2336:
2324:
2317:
2297:
2290:
2270:
2258:
2243:
2236:
2216:
2213:on 2013-03-11.
2198:
2184:Daniel Blatman
2175:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2120:Carpet bombing
2117:
2110:
2107:
2044:Main article:
2013:
2010:
2006:war in Georgia
1969:
1966:
1953:
1950:
1893:
1890:
1853:
1850:
1813:
1810:
1747:Main article:
1744:
1741:
1714:correspondent
1642:Main article:
1639:
1636:
1596:Isaaq genocide
1594:Main article:
1591:
1588:
1558:cities in the
1548:Saddam Hussein
1536:
1533:
1515:Following the
1478:
1475:
1388:
1385:
1317:
1314:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1175:
1172:
1062:bombed Cologne
1018:Coventry Blitz
1010:Fall of France
953:Apollo company
915:A raid by the
902:
899:
897:
894:
828:
825:
663:
660:
636:cities in the
625:
622:
606:Patrick Murphy
586:Main article:
583:
580:
571:
568:
531:
528:
524:Vickers Vernon
510:
507:
505:
502:
483:Peter Strasser
463:Great Yarmouth
426:Main article:
404:
401:
380:
377:
337:
334:
317:
314:
290:
287:
259:
256:
254:
251:
243:non-combatants
231:military bases
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7734:
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7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7596:
7594:
7590:
7584:
7581:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7573:Master Bomber
7571:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7558:Bomber stream
7556:
7554:
7551:
7550:
7548:
7544:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7532:Bouncing bomb
7530:
7526:
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7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
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7308:
7306:
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7298:
7296:
7293:
7292:
7290:
7286:
7280:
7279:Arthur Tedder
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7098:
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7078:
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7070:
7060:(Philippines)
7059:
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7031:
7025:
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7012:United States
7010:
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6907:10 March 1945
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6055:Wilhelmshaven
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5752:
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5729:Gelsenkirchen
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5707:
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5500:
5498:
5493:
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5489:
5483:
5479:
5475:
5473:
5472:0-385-66403-6
5469:
5465:
5461:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5448:
5444:
5442:0-8027-1471-4
5438:
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5406:
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5278:
5273:
5270:
5258:
5254:
5247:
5244:
5232:
5228:
5222:
5219:
5214:
5213:Hungary Today
5210:
5204:
5201:
5190:on 2018-08-15
5189:
5185:
5181:
5174:
5171:
5166:
5162:
5156:
5153:
5148:
5147:www.aa.com.tr
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4994:
4989:
4985:
4978:
4975:
4970:
4966:
4960:
4958:
4954:
4949:
4945:
4944:The Telegraph
4941:
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4927:
4923:
4919:
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4910:
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4901:
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4664:
4660:
4653:
4650:
4639:
4635:
4634:
4627:
4624:
4620:
4614:
4611:
4600:on 2018-09-20
4596:
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4394:
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4371:
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4362:
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4351:
4343:
4340:
4335:
4334:
4327:
4324:
4318:
4312:
4294:
4287:
4281:
4278:
4267:on 2016-09-11
4263:
4259:
4252:
4246:
4243:
4238:
4234:
4228:
4225:
4220:
4216:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4202:0-333-51477-7
4199:
4195:
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4008:
4005:
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3997:
3993:
3989:
3983:
3980:
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3971:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3953:
3949:
3942:
3939:
3927:
3925:9780674017245
3921:
3917:
3916:
3908:
3905:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3870:
3867:
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3860:
3857:
3855:
3848:
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3832:
3828:
3824:
3818:
3815:
3810:
3806:
3799:
3796:
3791:
3785:
3781:
3774:
3771:
3767:. p. 83.
3766:
3759:
3756:
3751:
3745:
3741:
3734:
3731:
3727:. April 2011.
3726:
3722:
3716:
3713:
3708:
3702:
3698:
3691:
3688:
3683:
3676:
3670:
3667:
3662:
3658:
3651:
3648:
3643:
3639:
3638:The Telegraph
3635:
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3595:
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3326:
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3308:
3305:
3299:
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3287:
3281:
3278:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3235:
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3221:
3218:
3212:
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3203:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
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3183:
3178:
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3169:
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3157:
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3143:
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3112:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3072:
3068:
3062:
3059:
3054:
3052:84-96170-23-3
3048:
3044:
3037:
3034:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3004:
2991:
2987:
2986:wordpress.com
2983:
2977:
2974:
2969:
2965:
2958:
2955:
2951:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2919:
2915:
2910:
2902:
2899:
2888:on 2018-08-03
2887:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2865:
2859:
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2836:
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2719:
2714:
2708:
2704:
2703:
2695:
2692:
2687:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2668:
2665:
2660:
2654:
2650:
2643:
2640:
2635:
2633:0-09-151580-7
2629:
2625:
2618:
2615:
2599:
2595:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2574:
2568:
2564:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2539:
2535:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2500:
2498:0-81533-351-X
2494:
2490:
2483:
2480:
2475:
2469:
2465:
2458:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2440:
2433:
2430:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2398:
2395:
2390:
2388:0-7190-3694-1
2384:
2380:
2379:
2371:
2368:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2328:
2325:
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2274:
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2255:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2239:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2177:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2154:to cross the
2153:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
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2116:
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2112:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2023:
2018:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1862:Shock and Awe
1859:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1755:Yugoslav Wars
1750:
1743:Yugoslav wars
1742:
1740:
1738:
1737:Group Captain
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1645:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1602:
1597:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1564:Iran–Iraq War
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1541:
1535:Iran–Iraq War
1534:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1494:carpet-bombed
1492:
1488:
1484:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1366:Tet Offensive
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1322:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1286:
1282:
1274:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1248:conflagration
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1173:
1171:
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1153:
1149:
1145:
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1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1054:working class
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:Belfast Blitz
1019:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
958:
954:
949:
942:
938:
935:Aftermath of
933:
926:
922:
918:
917:8th Air Force
913:
908:
900:
895:
892:
887:
885:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
838:
833:
826:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
766:
761:
760:
759:Legion Condor
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
732:
728:
727:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
706:Condor Legion
703:
702:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
661:
659:
657:
653:
649:
648:
643:
639:
635:
631:
623:
621:
619:
615:
611:
610:Naco, Arizona
607:
603:
599:
595:
589:
581:
579:
577:
569:
567:
565:
561:
557:
554:, bombarding
553:
549:
545:
541:
540:Diiriye Guure
537:
529:
527:
525:
521:
516:
508:
503:
501:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
479:
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468:
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409:
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327:
323:
315:
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244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
192:
189:
185:
180:
173:
172:bombing raids
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
146:
139:
134:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
7683:
7676:
7669:
7398:(PeenemĂĽnde)
7395:
7387:
7379:
7371:
7150:North Africa
7052:Kuala Lumpur
7033:Other cities
7019:Pearl Harbor
6647:Other cities
6447:Schaffhausen
6409:Soviet Union
5985:Obersalzberg
5785:Braunschweig
5765:Aschersleben
5748:Other cities
5477:
5459:
5450:
5431:
5407:
5404:
5401:
5360:
5352:
5333:
5310:
5272:
5261:. Retrieved
5259:(in Spanish)
5256:
5246:
5235:. Retrieved
5233:(in Spanish)
5230:
5221:
5212:
5203:
5192:. Retrieved
5188:the original
5183:
5173:
5165:The National
5164:
5155:
5146:
5137:
5123:
5115:The National
5114:
5105:
5096:
5087:
5078:
5069:
5060:
5051:
5043:the original
5033:
5011:the original
5006:
4996:
4988:The Guardian
4987:
4977:
4968:
4943:
4934:
4921:
4912:
4900:The Guardian
4899:
4890:
4882:The Guardian
4881:
4872:
4863:
4850:
4831:
4823:the original
4818:
4809:
4789:
4759:
4753:
4733:
4726:
4716:
4710:
4687:
4681:
4658:
4652:
4642:, retrieved
4632:
4626:
4618:
4613:
4602:. Retrieved
4595:the original
4590:
4578:
4569:
4556:
4547:
4541:
4521:
4514:
4494:
4487:
4467:
4460:
4448:. Retrieved
4428:
4408:
4401:
4381:
4349:
4342:
4332:
4326:
4300:. Retrieved
4280:
4269:. Retrieved
4262:the original
4257:
4245:
4236:
4227:
4219:the original
4209:
4193:
4188:
4179:
4169:
4160:
4151:
4142:
4133:
4125:The Guardian
4124:
4114:
4105:
4096:
4070:. Retrieved
4063:
4050:
4031:
4025:
4016:
4007:
3995:
3987:
3982:
3973:
3951:
3941:
3929:. Retrieved
3914:
3907:
3896:. Retrieved
3879:
3869:
3853:
3847:
3835:. Retrieved
3826:
3817:
3808:
3798:
3779:
3773:
3764:
3758:
3739:
3733:
3724:
3715:
3699:. Lulu.com.
3696:
3690:
3681:
3669:
3660:
3650:
3642:the original
3637:
3627:
3615:. Retrieved
3594:
3585:
3576:
3557:
3551:
3542:
3532:
3523:
3502:
3490:
3481:
3472:
3463:
3453:
3444:
3434:
3425:
3415:
3406:
3396:
3377:
3371:
3362:
3352:
3332:
3325:
3316:
3307:
3302:Ellis, p. 57
3298:
3289:
3280:
3268:. Retrieved
3259:
3250:
3238:. Retrieved
3229:
3220:
3211:
3202:
3194:
3191:Bernd Wegner
3180:
3176:
3168:
3155:
3145:
3133:. Retrieved
3129:
3119:
3110:
3101:
3092:
3087:
3075:. Retrieved
3070:
3061:
3042:
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
3020:the original
3015:
3006:
2994:. Retrieved
2985:
2976:
2968:ResearchGate
2967:
2957:
2949:
2944:
2935:
2926:
2913:
2901:
2890:. Retrieved
2886:the original
2881:
2872:
2853:
2847:
2838:
2828:
2820:
2815:
2796:
2790:
2771:
2765:
2756:
2746:
2735:. Retrieved
2731:
2721:
2701:
2694:
2674:
2667:
2648:
2642:
2623:
2617:
2605:. Retrieved
2593:
2581:
2562:
2541:. Retrieved
2537:
2527:
2507:
2488:
2482:
2463:
2457:
2438:
2432:
2420:. Retrieved
2411:
2407:
2397:
2377:
2370:
2358:. Retrieved
2349:
2339:
2327:
2307:
2300:
2280:
2273:
2261:
2226:
2219:
2211:the original
2201:
2179:
2160:Nazi Germany
2130:Roerich Pact
2096:
2090:
2084:
2082:
2067:
2057:, including
2049:
1982:Buenos Aires
1971:
1955:
1910:barrel bombs
1895:
1855:
1815:
1812:Chechen wars
1775:
1761:(1991), the
1752:
1716:Jeremy Bowen
1704:Al-A'amiriya
1689:
1674:
1647:
1607:
1586:in history.
1546:
1514:
1480:
1404:
1370:
1331:
1288:
1255:
1253:
1243:
1225:
1194:
1170:in Hungary.
1166:also bombed
1150:and bombing
1141:
1110:
1067:
1050:
1030:
1007:
1003:
993:
965:Nazi Germany
962:
896:World War II
889:
881:
851:. After the
842:
786:
763:
757:
735:
724:
722:
699:
676:Nazi Germany
665:
645:
627:
614:Naco, Sonora
594:Cristero War
591:
582:Cristero War
573:
533:
512:
491:
475:
431:
382:
339:
319:
304:
292:
278:
270:
267:Song dynasty
261:
219:armed forces
215:World War II
198:
196:
191:area bombing
164:
160:
116:
110:January 2013
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
7578:Pathfinders
7563:Firebombing
7114:Other areas
7075:Middle East
7048:(Sri Lanka)
6693:Pacific War
6595:Southampton
6510:Bournemouth
6440:Switzerland
6275:Netherlands
6106:Alessandria
6025:Schweinfurt
6020:SaarbrĂĽcken
5860:Halberstadt
5820:Dietzenbach
5770:Baden-Baden
4525:. Longman.
3837:January 30,
3187:Werner Rahn
3152:"Rotterdam"
3135:28 December
3026:8 September
2914:Independent
2799:. Arcadia.
2757:Smithsonian
2092:distinction
2051:Air warfare
1978:Casa Rosada
1956:Russia has
1930:Deir ez-Zor
1820:capital of
1662:helicopters
1654:Kuwait City
1562:during the
1498:Afghanistan
1459:Palestinian
1441:capital of
1423:Six-Day War
1398:during the
1383:) in 1975.
1334:Vietnam War
1316:Vietnam War
1306:North Korea
1302:South Korea
1289:During the
1238:. The U.S.
1154:during the
1102:Swinemuende
939:bombing at
923:factory at
843:During the
768:among them
666:During the
592:During the
471:King's Lynn
403:World War I
357:bombardment
343:(presently
221:to deliver
211:World War I
167:the German
7701:Categories
7525:Grand Slam
7473:Technology
7459:Wellington
7439:Manchester
7364:Operations
7054:(Malaysia)
7042:(Thailand)
6923:Utsunomiya
6674:(Bulgaria)
6611:Yugoslavia
6580:Nottingham
6570:Manchester
6505:Birmingham
6431:Stalingrad
6343:Hammerfest
6307:Middelburg
6000:PeenemĂĽnde
5975:Nordhausen
5920:Königsberg
5890:Hildesheim
5805:Crailsheim
5719:DĂĽsseldorf
5610:Copenhagen
5388:References
5263:2020-03-06
5237:2020-03-06
5231:La Capital
5194:2018-08-15
4644:2019-11-13
4604:2018-08-15
4550:: 4. 1993.
4450:2017-01-14
4302:2017-01-24
4271:2018-08-15
3898:2017-08-24
3173:Horst Boog
2892:2018-08-07
2806:0738524344
2737:2018-11-18
2473:1851094202
2145:V-2 rocket
2074:Protocol I
2024:, Germany.
1994:Tskhinvali
1990:Juan Peron
1779:'s aerial
1759:in Croatia
1298:air forces
1291:Korean War
1279:See also:
1275:Korean War
1178:See also:
1144:Stalingrad
1129:Yugoslavia
1082:firestorms
1008:After the
957:Bratislava
925:Marienburg
921:Focke Wulf
905:See also:
871:(Peking),
793:Valladolid
778:Granollers
544:Mad Mullah
467:Sheringham
455:DĂĽsseldorf
387:, General
361:Svilengrad
341:Adrianople
336:Balkan War
227:combatants
163:and after
80:newspapers
7485:H2S radar
7434:Lancaster
7388:Hurricane
7372:Bellicose
7355:The Hague
7345:Pforzheim
7335:Heilbronn
7288:Campaigns
7216:Overviews
7165:Fort Lamy
7131:Gibraltar
6991:Australia
6970:Singapore
6940:Yokkaichi
6933:June 1944
6913:Toyohashi
6823:Hiratsuka
6818:Hamamatsu
6765:Indonesia
6746:Hong Kong
6741:Chongqing
6680:(Croatia)
6662:(Finland)
6656:(Ireland)
6633:Podgorica
6617:Belgrade
6590:Sheffield
6560:Liverpool
6530:Clydebank
6485:The Blitz
6421:Leningrad
6400:Timișoara
6390:Bucharest
6327:The Hague
6302:Enkhuizen
6292:Eindhoven
6121:Benevento
6040:Stuttgart
6035:Stralsund
6005:Pforzheim
5995:Paderborn
5990:OsnabrĂĽck
5980:Nuremberg
5950:Magdeburg
5905:Karlsruhe
5885:Heilbronn
5835:Frankfurt
5810:Darmstadt
5739:Wuppertal
5689:Battle of
5579:Innsbruck
5554:V-weapons
5544:Firestorm
5061:Al Bawaba
4082:cite news
3888:0190-8286
3077:16 August
2414:(5): 50.
2022:Karlsruhe
1767:Dubrovnik
1687:in 1991.
1652:attacked
1572:Kurdistan
1431:Jerusalem
1415:Jordanian
1201:Singapore
1160:artillery
1152:Leningrad
1133:Bucharest
1098:Pforzheim
1094:Darmstadt
1014:the Blitz
995:Rotterdam
941:Battersea
879:in 1937.
737:Barcelona
701:Luftwaffe
692:Barcelona
656:open city
634:Ethiopian
600:in 1929,
459:Zeppelins
369:Karaagach
283:Phetracha
271:Fire Crow
239:civilians
235:factories
169:Luftwaffe
7643:See also
7449:Stirling
7444:Mosquito
7414:Blenheim
7407:Aircraft
7380:Chastise
7105:Tel Aviv
7024:Unalaska
6958:(Taiwan)
6949:Colonies
6918:Toyokawa
6898:Shizuoka
6843:Kumagaya
6777:Surabaya
6772:Sukabumi
6756:Shanghai
6713:Mandalay
6660:Helsinki
6638:Sarajevo
6585:Plymouth
6545:Greenock
6535:Coventry
6515:Brighton
6395:Ploiești
6312:Nijmegen
6297:Enschede
6171:Grosseto
6156:Frascati
6131:Cagliari
6085:Budapest
6065:WĂĽrzburg
5955:Mannheim
5940:LĂĽneburg
5880:Hannover
5800:Chemnitz
5760:Augsburg
5714:Duisburg
5709:Dortmund
5691:the Ruhr
5662:Le Havre
5429:(2006).
5342:Archived
5325:Archived
5280:Archived
5257:INFOnews
5019:cite web
4969:NBC News
4948:Archived
4926:Archived
4922:BBC News
4904:Archived
4839:Archived
4638:archived
4548:Volume 5
4503:Archived
4441:Archived
4311:cite web
4293:Archived
4072:July 21,
3892:Archived
3859:Archived
3831:Archived
3608:Archived
3311:Cox p. 4
3264:Archived
3234:Archived
3160:Archived
2990:Archived
2918:Archived
2823:, p. 112
2598:Archived
2543:14 March
2516:Archived
2416:Archived
2354:Archived
2350:BBC News
2191:Archived
2109:See also
2034:cenotaph
2002:Georgian
1918:Damascus
1874:Fallujah
1852:Iraq War
1830:barrages
1793:Novi Sad
1789:Belgrade
1732:Fallujah
1670:Gulf War
1638:Gulf War
1631:Ethiopia
1608:In 1988
1574:city of
1483:uprising
1439:Lebanese
1427:Tel Aviv
1421:and the
1407:Egyptian
1350:Haiphong
1326:Haiphong
1308:and the
1221:Unalaska
1213:Honolulu
1209:Mandalay
1189:Nagasaki
1168:Budapest
1046:Mannheim
1020:and the
969:strategy
865:Shanghai
805:Zaragoza
782:Alicante
696:Valencia
630:Italians
441:British
422:in 1914.
418:bombing
397:Mazatlán
373:attachés
349:Bulgaria
326:Ain Zara
277:'s 1326
223:ordnance
7546:Tactics
7520:Tallboy
7464:Whitley
7454:Ventura
7429:Hampden
7424:Halifax
7350:Dresden
7330:Hamburg
7252:Leaders
7121:Bahrain
7046:Colombo
7040:Bangkok
6956:Taihoku
6873:Okazaki
6853:Nagaoka
6808:Fukuoka
6751:Nanjing
6600:Swansea
6575:Norwich
6525:Cardiff
6520:Bristol
6500:Belfast
6468:Kingdom
6383:Romania
6364:Frampol
6261:Viterbo
6256:Vicenza
6241:Trieste
6236:Treviso
6206:Pescara
6201:Palermo
6181:Messina
6176:Livorno
6146:Ferrara
6141:Catania
6136:Cassino
6126:Bologna
6078:Hungary
6015:Rostock
6010:Potsdam
5965:MĂĽnster
5925:Leipzig
5870:Hamburg
5855:Giessen
5825:Dresden
5795:Breslau
5780:Bocholt
5734:Krefeld
5704:Cologne
5681:Germany
5641:Tallinn
5629:Estonia
5598:Denmark
5572:Austria
5215:. 2015.
4884:. 2011.
4180:Reuters
4108:. 2013.
3829:. PBS.
3725:b92.net
2936:pbs.org
2538:History
2036:at the
1952:Ukraine
1942:Darayya
1934:Hasakah
1898:MiG-23s
1896:Syrian
1886:Baghdad
1818:Chechen
1771:Vukovar
1702:in the
1683:during
1677:Baghdad
1576:Halabja
1556:Iranian
1508:in the
1447:Israeli
1205:Rangoon
1195:In the
1162:). The
1137:Romania
1106:Dresden
1026:Belfast
919:on the
873:Tianjin
869:Beijing
801:Sevilla
797:Granada
774:Durango
749:Majorca
731:Almeria
718:Picasso
478:airship
451:Cologne
447:Entente
434:Antwerp
413:airship
411:German
393:biplane
330:Tripoli
305:Vulcano
209:during
207:warfare
165:(right)
159:before
157:Frampol
94:scholar
7495:"Oboe"
7390:(1944)
7340:Kassel
7126:Cyprus
7058:Manila
7003:Darwin
6998:Broome
6928:Yawata
6893:Sendai
6888:Sabang
6883:Rabaul
6868:Numazu
6858:Nagoya
6798:Aomori
6678:Zagreb
6666:Prague
6654:Dublin
6565:London
6540:Exeter
6466:United
6374:Wieluń
6369:Warsaw
6357:Poland
6348:Namsos
6336:Norway
6251:Verona
6221:Rimini
6191:Naples
6151:Foggia
6111:Ancona
6030:Siegen
5970:Munich
5930:LĂĽbeck
5910:Kassel
5815:Dessau
5790:Bremen
5775:Berlin
5755:Aachen
5699:Bochum
5650:France
5605:Aarhus
5584:Vienna
5482:online
5466:
5439:
5373:
4797:
4767:
4741:
4698:
4669:
4529:
4475:
4416:
4389:
4357:
4200:
4038:
3922:
3886:
3786:
3746:
3703:
3617:7 June
3564:
3464:zdf.de
3384:
3340:
3049:
2860:
2803:
2778:
2709:
2682:
2655:
2630:
2569:
2495:
2470:
2445:
2422:5 June
2385:
2315:
2288:
2268:, 1984
2234:
2162:as a "
2149:guided
2095:, and
1946:Al-Bab
1944:, and
1914:Aleppo
1902:Aleppo
1884:, and
1822:Grozny
1785:Serbia
1698:at an
1618:Isaaqs
1485:, the
1443:Beirut
1437:. The
1411:Syrian
1381:Saigon
1336:, the
1219:, and
1217:Darwin
1207:, and
1090:Kassel
1074:Bremen
1034:Orkney
999:bombed
979:being
977:Wieluń
973:Warsaw
855:, the
849:Mukden
809:Burgos
684:Madrid
652:Jijiga
598:Mexico
556:Taleeh
420:Warsaw
365:Edirne
345:Edirne
233:, and
188:Allied
161:(left)
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
7592:Units
7500:Gee-H
7480:Chaff
7396:Hydra
7136:Malta
7100:Jaffa
7095:Haifa
6903:Tokyo
6878:Osaka
6803:Fukui
6793:Akita
6786:Japan
6736:Chiba
6729:China
6701:Burma
6672:Sofia
6555:Leeds
6426:Minsk
6416:Gorky
6266:Zadar
6246:Turin
6231:Terni
6196:Padua
6186:Milan
6166:Gorla
6161:Genoa
6099:Italy
6090:Kassa
6060:Worms
6050:Wesel
5960:Moers
5945:Mainz
5915:Kleve
5875:Hanau
5865:Halle
5830:Emden
5724:Essen
5667:Royan
5636:Narva
5620:Rønne
4860:(PDF)
4619:BBC 1
4598:(PDF)
4587:(PDF)
4566:(PDF)
4506:(PDF)
4499:(PDF)
4455:p. 10
4444:(PDF)
4437:(PDF)
4296:(PDF)
4289:(PDF)
4265:(PDF)
4254:(PDF)
3931:5 May
3678:(PDF)
3611:(PDF)
3604:(PDF)
3499:(PDF)
3270:5 May
3240:5 May
2996:5 May
2607:5 May
2601:(PDF)
2590:(PDF)
2360:5 May
2171:Notes
1938:Daraa
1892:Syria
1882:Basra
1878:Mosul
1870:Najaf
1838:First
1681:Basra
1614:Isaaq
1502:Herat
1487:Khalq
1467:Hamas
1435:Haifa
1346:Hanoi
1121:Turin
1117:Milan
1070:Essen
813:Cabra
642:Harar
602:Irish
258:Kites
184:Wesel
101:JSTOR
87:books
7158:Chad
7090:Acre
6863:Naha
6848:Kure
6838:KĹŤfu
6833:Kobe
6813:Gifu
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