221:
29:
336:
The trunk is flattened, narrow and deep, with a prominent and split cross. The back and loin are poorly muscled and have a tendency to saddle. The belly is voluminous and the rump has a horizontal profile. The tail stud is abundant. The mammary system is rudimentary, covered with fine and long hair.
332:
The head has a massive and elongated appearance, the eyes are prominent and the facial region is elongated. The nose is usually pigmented in black or edged in light. The horns are mostly crescent shaped or short hooked, discrete in size, white with black tips and usually serrated in adults. The neck
353:
At the livestock load level, several values are given: Livestock load to qualify for the Aids for the
Promotion of Pasture in Undergrowth in Priority Protection Perimeters CR = 0.2 - 1.4 UBM/ha; Livestock load according to FOC Verd II: Forest fire risk management program (Jordi Peix and Masip) CR =
340:
The limbs are strong, with well-defined joints. The hair is abundant, with great chromatic variety, from black to blond, with gradual discolouration of the lower areas of the trunk, slat, ears, skull base and bangs. The production of calves is very poor, as a calf is born every two years, in the
324:
on the vegetation of the forests and meadows within its reach, with a special predilection for the fruits and tender buds of the beech (for this reason it is also called fagina), and at certain times of the year a contribution of supplementary food is made. There are two varieties, the so-called
349:
The necessary conditions and infrastructure to be able to install the cow on a farm are: Availability of water (1 point of water every 10 - 40 ha); Food for the winter; Closed to prevent the cow from leaving and to be able to regulate the area we want it to graze; Covered to place sick cows;
288:
Although the presence of a cattle breed in the Albera Massif was noted in the nineteenth century, the first description of the Albera dates from 1957. At that time three sub-types were distinguished within the breed: a dark-coated type; a variable paler type; and a third type deriving from
328:
It is a strong and resistant breed, with a not very relevant meat aptitude, very well adapted to the cold of winter, agile and of small stature, which allows it to move through very rough terrain. This adaptation allows it to be useful in forest clearing and fire prevention.
354:
0.34 UBM/ha. With the previous livestock loads, it would be possible to clear the forest, but if what you are looking for is for the cows to be self-sufficient on the farm, you will have to go to lower densities, of the order of one cow every 8 or 10 ha.
441:
412:
of the massif. They have little contact with man, and little productive capacity: cows calve every two years, and produce barely enough milk for the calf; meat yield is very low, of the order of
297:
stock. More recently, the types are considered to be two: the Negra, or dark type, and the Fagina, or paler type. In 1999 the Fagina type was found to be genetically closer to the
596:
491:
608:
642:
503:
396:
The Albera is highly resistant to cold, though susceptible to heat, and is well adapted to the steep terrain of the Albera Massif. The cattle are kept year-round in
304:
A breeders' association, the
Associació de Ramaders de la Vaca de l'Albera, was founded in 2008. The Albera breed received official recognition on 27 July 2011; a
578:
Orden AAM/189/2011, de 27 de julio, por la que se crea el Libro genealógico de la raza bovina Albera y se aprueba la reglamentación especíica y su estándar racial
975:
664:
considered in Spain to be wholly or partly of
Spanish origin. Inclusion here does not necessarily imply that a breed is predominantly or exclusively Spanish.
970:
325:
phagina and the black, and between the two they currently do not reach 300 individuals, although the phagin animals predominate more than the black ones.
577:
107:
520:
Miguel Fernández Rodríguez, Mariano Gómez Fernández, Juan
Vicente Delgado Bermejo, Silvia Adán Belmonte, Miguel Jiménez Cabras (eds.) (2009).
635:
475:. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed January 2016.
529:
455:
472:
698:
280:. The cattle are highly resistant to cold, though susceptible to heat, and are well adapted to the steep terrain of the massif.
628:
350:
Determination of the livestock load that can absorb the inheritance, and Hose handling to carry out sanitation and controls.
450:. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
651:
312:
established. At the end of 2014 the total population was recorded as 763, of which 618 were female and 145 male.
277:
683:
445:
793:
868:
693:
298:
965:
768:
703:
688:
253:
937:
798:
678:
417:
237:
119:
34:
932:
853:
708:
922:
823:
743:
738:
718:
803:
858:
723:
907:
912:
902:
261:
45:
49:
917:
813:
773:
748:
927:
778:
763:
611:(in Spanish). Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. Accessed January 2016.
599:(in Spanish). Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. Accessed January 2016.
525:
506:(in Spanish). Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. Accessed January 2016.
494:(in Spanish). Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. Accessed January 2016.
451:
838:
788:
733:
39:
758:
564:
873:
818:
753:
305:
290:
273:
257:
959:
843:
808:
245:
97:
661:
567:(in Catalan). Associació de Ramaders de la Vaca de l'Albera. Accessed January 2016.
421:
220:
545:
405:
863:
409:
397:
442:
List of breeds documented in the Global
Databank for Animal Genetic Resources
848:
833:
309:
294:
269:
249:
546:
Conservation genetics of an endangered
Catalonian cattle breed (" Alberes")
524:(in Spanish). Madrid: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino.
108:
Departamento de
Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca, Alimentación y Medio Natural
447:
The State of the World's Animal
Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
28:
783:
620:
878:
828:
728:
321:
265:
713:
241:
201:
219:
891:
624:
320:
The Albera cow lives in almost complete freedom and bases its
61:
544:
J. Jordana, J. Piedrafita, X. Carre, A. Martell (1999).
440:
188:
180:
155:
130:
125:
114:
103:
93:
85:
68:
57:
609:Raza bovina Albera: Usos y sistema de explotación
341:mountains, without the presence of the shepherd.
522:Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas
420:: by clearing undergrowth they help to prevent
378:Horns in the form of a short hook or half moon.
404:, foraging for food including the shoots and
636:
230:
224:The two types, Albera Negra and Albera Fagina
8:
369:Abundant hair with a lot of color variation.
21:
699:Avileña-Negra Ibérica (variedad Bociblanca)
582:Diari Oicial de la Generalitat de Catalunya
888:
643:
629:
621:
27:
20:
372:They only raise one calf every two years.
487:
485:
483:
481:
433:
540:
538:
516:
514:
512:
492:Raza bovina Albera: Datos Morfológicos
468:
466:
464:
301:breed than to the Albera Negra type.
7:
976:Cattle breeds originating in France
504:Raza bovina Albera: Datos Generales
400:conditions, at an altitude between
252:from France and lies partly in the
971:Cattle breeds originating in Spain
597:Raza bovina Albera: Datos Censales
14:
387:Mammary system covered with hair.
550:Genetics and molecular biology
473:Breed data sheet: Albera/Spain
1:
64:(2007): endangered-maintained
992:
898:
887:
669:
658:
416:. The cattle are used in
231:
196:
26:
794:Morucha (variedad Negra)
458:. Archived 23 June 2020.
209:Bos (primigenius) taurus
689:Asturiana de los Valles
684:Asturiana de la Montaña
345:Needs of the Albera cow
333:is long and flattened.
316:Description of the race
192:small, half-moon-shaped
16:Spanish breed of cattle
652:Cattle breeds of Spain
225:
869:Toro de Casta Navarra
694:Avileña-Negra Ibérica
418:vegetation management
375:Long, flattened neck.
299:Bruna de los Pirineos
223:
120:vegetation management
704:Berrenda en Colorado
363:Very defined joints.
308:was approved, and a
264:, and partly in the
33:Albera cow near the
724:Bruna dels Pirineus
402:200 and 1000 metres
278:Pyrénées-Orientales
58:Conservation status
23:
799:Murciana-Levantina
679:Alistana-Sanabresa
392:Use and management
262:province of Girona
244:indigenous to the
226:
35:Tour de la Massane
950:
949:
946:
945:
854:Serrana de Teruel
709:Berrenda en Negro
576:(9 August 2011).
384:Low muscled loin.
236:is an endangered
218:
217:
86:Country of origin
983:
889:
824:Parda de Montaña
744:Cárdena Andaluza
645:
638:
631:
622:
612:
606:
600:
594:
588:
574:
568:
562:
556:
542:
533:
518:
507:
501:
495:
489:
476:
470:
459:
438:
415:
403:
248:, which divides
234:
233:
210:
204:
43:
31:
24:
991:
990:
986:
985:
984:
982:
981:
980:
956:
955:
953:
951:
942:
894:
883:
719:Blanca Cacereña
665:
654:
649:
618:
616:
615:
607:
603:
595:
591:
575:
571:
563:
559:
543:
536:
519:
510:
502:
498:
490:
479:
471:
462:
439:
435:
430:
413:
401:
394:
360:
358:Characteristics
347:
318:
286:
260:in the Catalan
214:
208:
200:
176:
173:
172:
165:
151:
148:
147:
140:
81:
53:
50:Argelès-sur-Mer
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
989:
987:
979:
978:
973:
968:
958:
957:
948:
947:
944:
943:
941:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
899:
896:
895:
893:Extinct breeds
892:
885:
884:
882:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
804:Negra Andaluza
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
670:
667:
666:
660:These are the
659:
656:
655:
650:
648:
647:
640:
633:
625:
614:
613:
601:
589:
580:(in Spanish).
569:
557:
534:
508:
496:
477:
460:
432:
431:
429:
426:
393:
390:
389:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
359:
356:
346:
343:
317:
314:
306:breed standard
291:cross-breeding
285:
282:
272:in the French
216:
215:
213:
212:
205:
197:
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
175:
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159:
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152:
150:
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145:
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138:
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116:
112:
111:
105:
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100:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
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80:
79:
76:
72:
70:
66:
65:
59:
55:
54:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
988:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
966:Cattle breeds
964:
963:
961:
954:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
900:
897:
890:
886:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
859:Serrana Negra
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
844:Rubia Gallega
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
668:
663:
662:cattle breeds
657:
653:
646:
641:
639:
634:
632:
627:
626:
623:
619:
610:
605:
602:
598:
593:
590:
586:
583:
579:
573:
570:
566:
561:
558:
555:(3): 387–394.
554:
551:
547:
541:
539:
535:
531:
530:9788449109461
527:
523:
517:
515:
513:
509:
505:
500:
497:
493:
488:
486:
484:
482:
478:
474:
469:
467:
465:
461:
457:
456:9789251057629
453:
449:
448:
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437:
434:
427:
425:
423:
419:
411:
407:
399:
391:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
366:Strong limbs.
365:
362:
361:
357:
355:
351:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:
315:
313:
311:
307:
302:
300:
296:
292:
283:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
246:Albera Massif
243:
239:
235:
222:
211:
206:
203:
199:
198:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
167:
161:
160:
158:
154:
142:
136:
135:
133:
129:
124:
121:
117:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
98:Albera Massif
96:
92:
89:Spain, France
88:
84:
77:
74:
73:
71:
67:
63:
60:
56:
51:
47:
41:
36:
30:
25:
19:
952:
908:Calasparrena
673:
617:
604:
592:
587:: 44602–610.
584:
581:
572:
560:
552:
549:
521:
499:
446:
436:
422:forest fires
395:
352:
348:
339:
335:
331:
327:
319:
303:
287:
229:
227:
207:
110:(in Spanish)
94:Distribution
18:
913:Campurriana
903:Almanzoreña
769:Mallorquina
444:, annex to
410:beech trees
274:département
258:Alt Empordà
189:Horn status
69:Other names
38: [
960:Categories
779:Menorquina
428:References
398:semi-feral
381:Low height
78:Massanaise
938:Santander
918:Lebaniega
849:Sayaguesa
834:Pirenaica
814:Pallaresa
774:Marismeña
749:Frieiresa
310:herd book
295:Braunvieh
270:Vallespir
250:Catalonia
240:of small
44:, in the
933:Marinera
928:Lorquina
784:Monchina
764:Limusina
565:Estatuts
184:variable
169:Female:
144:Female:
104:Standard
923:Leonese
879:Vianesa
874:Tudanca
864:Terreña
839:Retinta
829:Pasiega
819:Palmera
789:Morucha
739:Canaria
734:Caldelá
729:Cachena
408:of the
284:History
266:comarca
254:comarca
75:Alberes
46:commune
809:Pajuna
714:Betizu
674:Albera
528:
454:
414:35–40%
242:cattle
232:Albera
202:Cattle
171:121 cm
164:126 cm
162:Male:
156:Height
146:275 kg
139:350 kg
137:Male:
131:Weight
126:Traits
118:meat,
22:Albera
759:Limiá
754:Lidia
293:with
238:breed
42:]
585:5938
526:ISBN
452:ISBN
406:mast
322:diet
228:The
181:Coat
276:of
268:of
256:of
115:Use
62:FAO
48:of
962::
553:22
548:.
537:^
511:^
480:^
463:^
424:.
40:fr
644:e
637:t
630:v
532:.
52:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
