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851:, and the large Koyou river coming from the southeast, which was Junker's Makoua and Schweinfurth's Uele. He founded a large station at the juncture of the two rivers, and placed Edouard De Rechter in command. At about 23° longitude the river was blocked by a series of rocky obstacles that the steamers could not pass. The water level rose in July and the steamers entered the Uele, but at 22°04' longitude they were blocked by impassible rapids. Van Gèle continued by pirogue, passing the rapids at Banafia and Bogazo, but could not pass the Mokwangou falls. After returning to the Yakoma camp, Van Gèle decided to explore the Bomu river and visit
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804:
635:. He made many treaties with the local chiefs on his way downstream. His term over, he reached Europe on 15 May 1885, where the King named him a knight of his order. On 5 June 1885 Van Gèle left Europe for the Congo as commander of the territory between the Aruwimi and Stanley Falls. He arrived in the Congo on 25 July 1885 and reached Léopoldville on 26 October 1885. He developed a fever, and was forced to return. He spent some time in
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strong stream of yellow water, the Ubangi, which they ascended to the
Bisongo village. They received a friendly reception, and Hanssens exchanged blood with Chief Mkoko. The chief agreed to place both banks of the Ubangi under the protection of the International African Association. After returning to Equateurville Hanssens left Van Gèle in charge and took Coquihat with him to found the Bangala station, the future
916:. Van Gèle offered to help, and his services were accepted, but before he could embark news came that another commander had been appointed in Boma to lead the troops to suppress the revolt. In December 1897 Van Gele was appointed Deputy Governor General to replace Francis Dhanis as Commander in Chief of the Arab Zone. Dhanis's vanguard had revolted during the Haut-Ituri expedition due to bad treatment of the
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1001:, which came to the lower Congo in 1878. The African traders refused to let them travel up to Stanley Pool, for fear that they would bypass them and destroy the trade. Eventually they heard of Stanley's new steamer-road, which they found to extend about 50 miles (80 km) from Vivi along the north bank up to Isangila. From there they managed to travel quickly and unobtrusively up to the Pool.
31:
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Lieven Van de Velde had prepared before dying. The expedition was to supply and reorganize the station at the Falls. It left Léopoldville on 28 April 1888 and took possession of the Falls station on 15 June 1888. The station, which
Stanley had established on Usuma Island, was rebuilt on the right bank of the Congo downstream from the island. Van Gèle returned on the steamer
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847:, which he reached on 12 December 1889. He returned downstream to Banzyville, which he reached in January 1890. He left there on 11 May 1890, and reached the mouth of the Kotto at Bendé on 29 May 1890. He went up this river and signed treaties with the local chiefs. Van Gèle returned to the junction of the Bomu, the Mbomo river described by
680:. On 11 October 1886 they left Equateur Station and entered the Ubangi the next day, passed the French post of N'Kundja and anchored upstream at a small island near Bisongo. The commander of Kundja joined them there and told Van Gèle the French government had instructed him to deny access to the Ubangi, but Van Gèle argued that the
222:. He recovered, rejoined Valcke, and helped him until a post was erected on the territory of Chief Lutete as a staging point for the Manyanga-Léopoldville transport. Van Gèle took charge of the Lutete post and ran it effectively until 1 April 1883, when he was appointed to replace Valcke, who had himself been appointed to replace
747:, towing barges carrying 100 soldiers. He landed Dhanis at the Bangala station, then went up the Itimbiri to the Gô rapids. From there he tried to clear a road through the forest to the north, but gave up when it seemed impossible to make progress. He returned to the Équateur post on 11 March 1887, where he gave the
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and set out for that region. In
December 1890 they succeeded in expelling the Muslim traders. Van Gèle then returned down the Uele to the post at Yakoma, mapping the river to its junction with the Bomu. With the French established on the upper Ubangi, Van Gele began to conclude increasing numbers of
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Going downstream the steamer skirted the right bank of the Congo River, but was carried by the current into a maze of islands. After three days they saw some native fishermen in a canoe. Van Gèle managed to persuade them to act as pilots, and after four hours of full steam on 21 April 1884 entered a
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government charged Van Gèle with exploring the Ubangi above 4° north to resolve the problem. He should also conclude treaties with chiefs of territories on the left bank of the river. Van Gèle, in the company of Raert, embarked in Ostend on 30 June 1886, en route to Vivi via London and
Madeira. His
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sent his nephew Rachid to greet Van Gèle. Later that day Tippo-Tip himself visited Van Gèle and assured him he wanted cordial relations with the
Europeans and would stop hunting for slaves. Van Gèle thought it was better to try to use Arab power to help the Belgians get established, as did Hanssens
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It was still not possible to pass the rapids, so Van Gèle decided to clear a road through the forest, disassemble the steamer, carry it round the rapids, and then reassemble it. While this was being done, he went by pirogue up to the Bonga rapids, which he decided the steamer could pass. After he
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Van Gèle heard of the presence of a
European in Djabir on 18 November 1890 and set out via a roundabout route up the Uele, reaching the village of Gamanza on 2 December. The next day he met Milz, who was coming to meet him. This resolved the Ubangi-Uele question. Milz and Van Gèle heard that the
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on 9 June 1883 and directed Van Gèle and
Coquilhat to build a station there. On 20 June 1883 Van Gèle signed a treaty with Ikenge, principal chief in the district of Ibonga-Wangata, and Ipambi, principal chief in the same district, in which they ceded all property in perpetuity, the land and the
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During a forced halt to repair the steamer, the expedition was attacked by the
Yakomis in a flotilla of pirogues but managed to fight them off. Van Gele returned to Equateurville on 1 February 1888, then continued to Léopoldville. He was charged with leading the expedition to Stanley Falls that
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he noticed that the local people had been terrorized by a recent attack by the Arabs against the
Basokos. He reached the Basoko villages at the mouth of the Aruwimi on 20 January 1885. The people had fled, and the Arabs had built a fortified camp there. They greeted Van Gèle with a show of
926:, a resistance movement against the Belgian occupation. Van Gele reached Stanley Falls in March 1898, but due to poor communication did not gain overall command until September 1898. The next month he fell ill, and had to hand command back to Dhanis and return to Europe.
883:. In July–August 1890 Milz and his assistant Mahutte and Sultan Djabir led 100 fusiliers and 400 lancers in an attempt to push through the non-submissive people along the right bank, but were forced to return to Djabir after nine days.
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returned the steamer was brought round the Zongo falls and relaunched. It passed the Bonga rapids without difficulty, and passed the Buzy rapids with the help of cables. On 1 January 1888 the steamer reached the region of the hostile
531:. The Belgians became involved in local power struggles. In one conflict a local ruler was killed and the spoils of war ended up in Van Gèle's ethnographic collection. While the Équateur station was being built, Stanley explored the
615:, who had been appointed second to Wester at the Falls. On 24 November 1884 they reached Msuata. Casman arrived at Equateur Station on 12 December 1884, where Van Gèle handed over command in a ceremony before the native chiefs.
150:
Alphonse van Gèle was born in
Brussels on 25 April 1848. He enlisted as a volunteer in the 8th Line Regiment in 1867, was made a sub-lieutenant in 1872 and became a lieutenant in the 3rd Line Regiment in 1878. He was appointed
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In January 1889 the king gave Van Gèle a mission to further explore the Ubangi and its tributaries. He left Antwerp on 6 February 1889 with the rank of State Inspector. His expedition left Léopoldville on 21 May 1889 on the
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signed a treaty with Milz and a post was established on the site of the former Egyptian zeriba of Deleb. Milz began construction of the station while Roget, guided by Sultan Djabir, tried unsuccessfully to join Van Gèle in
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115:
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Van Gèle's biographer Engels writes that Gleerup replaced Wester at the Falls. This disagrees with other sources that say Gleerup was made second in command to Wester, who remained at the Falls until 1886.
206:, which would take control of the country along the route. When Valcke and Van Gèle arrived in Vivi with their contingent, Stanley at once instructed them to work on construction of the road from Vivi to
779:. The Yakoma population thought the Belgians were Sudanese merchants. Lieutenant Liénart was attacked, and the Belgians fought back and burned the village. The expedition was now at the point where the
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was given the territory from the Pool to Equateur, while Van Gèle took the territory from there to the Falls. On 11 November 1884 Casman left for Équateur in an expedition with three steamers: the
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Assisted by Coquilhat, Van Gèle built a model station and was named its commander. It was called Equator Station, or Station de l’Équateur, then Equateurville, later Coquilhatville, today
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had declared freedom of navigation of the Congo and its tributaries, and proceeded upstream. He noted that up to 4° the river only had relatively small tributaries on its left bank.
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rights to exploit the resources of the country and to create and roads and establishments suitable for developing the commercial and other relations of the Committee and Expedition.
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steamer and goods could be carried to Léopoldville for the planned expedition. In the course of the work Van Gèle suffered from violent bouts of fever and had to be evacuated to
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joins the Uele to form the Ubangi. Van Gèle decided that the larger of the two rivers was the Uele River described by Schweinfurth, and that the geographer Wauters was correct.
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He reached Europe on 10 January 1899, and retired from the army as a lieutenant colonel. Van Gèle became involved as director of various colonial companies including the
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friendship. The supply expedition continued on to Stanley Falls. The land upstream from the Aruwimi had all been deserted by the people, who had fled the Arabs.
543:. He returned to Équateurville, where he praised the station, the discipline of the soldiers and the good but not over-familiar relations with the local people.
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up through one of the five rocky channels, but were defeated and returned down the Ubangi on 4 November 1886. They explored the navigable portions of the
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Van Gèle reached the foot of the Zongo rapids on 20 October 1886, and docked in Crocodile Bay. For ten days Vangele and Liénart struggled to force the
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as Deputy Lieutenant to the State Major, and received a short training course at the Institut Cartographique Militaire. On 5 May 1882 he embarked at
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towing a large pirogue from the Falls to make his another attempt on the Ubangi, again with Liénart. They reached Zongo on 21 November 1887.
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mission was said to be to organize the Falls region. On 2 August 1886 Van Gèle, accompanied by lieutenant Liénart, left Léopoldville on the
832:. They established a post here, 300 kilometres (190 mi) above Zongo, and sub-lieutenant Léon Busine was put in command. Van Gèle and
1805:
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on the way. They returned to Equateurville on 4 December. They reached Léopoldville on 29 December 1886. In February 1887 they used the
30:
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795:, who was going to take command at the Falls. He reached Léopoldville on 12 July 1888, and on 15 September 1888 returned to Belgium.
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579:. Van Gèle concluded nine treaties between 26 April and 16 July 1884, including several that were signed in the Ruki River region.
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855:, but the steamers were blocked after a day by the Goui falls. Bangassou came to visit Van Gèle, who then returned to Banzyville.
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On 7 December 1889 Van Gèle started a new exploration further up the Ubangi. He explored the lower course of the right tributary
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treaties. In November 1891 he handed over to Georges Le Marinel and left for Europe. He returned to Europe on 15 January 1892.
559:, who had replaced Stanley in the Upper Congo, arrived in Equateurville. Two days later Hanssens and Van Gèle set out in the
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Van Gèle then left for a visit to the Falls accompanied by the intendant Van den Plas and Gleerup. Well before reaching the
723:
On the way back to Léopoldville to organize a new attempt on the Ubangi, Van Gèle met Stanley coming up the river on the
724:
1028:, but now it was thought likely that it was the upper part of the Ubangi. Milz and Van Gèle showed that was the case.
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Confluence of the Uelle and Mbomou rivers. Yakoma is the light area on the left (south) bank of the combined stream.
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820:. The expedition reached Zongo on 25 June 1889, where a station was founded as a base of operations with Captain
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184:, who had gone to the east coast of Africa to recruit 250 Zanzibaris there and bring them to the estuary of
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from December 1897 until January 1899. He established the Equator Station, or Station de l’Équateur, today
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Hanssens left Léopoldville for Belgium on 8 November after dividing his command into two regions.
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were appointed to accompany Stanley in his expedition to the Upper Congo. The expedition left
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214:, then to connect Manyanga to Léopoldville. The work had to be done quickly so the dismantled
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had arrived in Vivi on 4 July 1882 and was organizing an expedition up the Congo River to the
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and Coquilhat. He left Lieutenant Gleerup at the Falls with Tippo-Tip to support Lieutenant
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519:. The expedition had seven Europeans and 67 Africans. Stanley reached the mouth of the
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was almost lost in the Zongo rapids. In September 1889 they reached what would become
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1623:(in French), vol. II, Académie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer, pp. 143–147
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1601:(in French), vol. I, Académie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer, pp. 697–701
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troops by their Belgian officers. The mutiny developed into the widespread
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At the beginning of April 1884 Van Gèle briefly explored the course of the
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had explored was the same as the Ubangi River explored by Hanssens. The
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188:. They reached the mouth of the Congo on 3 July 1882, then traveled to
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back to the missionaries. Van Gèle then went to meet governor-General
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It had earlier been thought possible that the Uele might feed the
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639:, then returned to Brussels on 15 May 1886, completely recovered.
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1661:, vol. I, Institut royal colonial belge, pp. 479–493
1642:, vol. II, Inst. roy. colon. belge, pp. col. 975–977
1677:, vol. 2, Institut royal colonial belge, pp. 928–37
539:. He returned to Leopoldville, then immediately left for the
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studied the north shore of the river between Banzyville and
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and discovered the mouths of the Kuanga and Benghi rivers.
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126:, and concluded a treaty with the powerful Zanzibar trader
1722:(in Dutch), Tervuren: Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika
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with the pharmacist Courtois, de Guérin and the mechanic
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Inventaire des archives d'Alphonse Vangele 1848 - 1939
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Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic
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Bradshaw, Richard; Fandos-Rius, Juan (27 May 2016),
1688:, Antwerp: J. van Hille-De Backer, pp. 167–182
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735:. On 1 July Van Gèle left Léopoldville on the
626:Soon after the expedition reached the Falls,
168:In 1881 Van Gèle offered his services to the
8:
1564:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1542:Dictionary and Grammar of the Kongo Language
134:. He is known for having confirmed that the
1682:Janssens, Édouard; Cateaux, Albert (1908),
977:. He died in Brussels on 23 February 1939.
1685:Les Belges au Congo: notices biographiques
180:, where he joined the engineer Lieutenant
110:(25 April 1848 – 23 February 1939), was a
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799:Fourth Ubangi–Uele expedition (1889–1891)
93:Colonial soldier, explorer, administrator
719:Third Ubangi–Uele expedition (1887–1888)
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1801:19th-century Belgian military personnel
1579:, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers,
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1816:International Association of the Congo
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993:The road to Isangila is mentioned by
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1733:Omasombo Tshonda, Jean, ed. (2016),
1548:, London: Baptist Missionary Society
826:Association internationale Africaine
818:Association internationale Africaine
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216:Association internationale Africaine
130:at the Stanley Falls station, today
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895:Arabs were operating in the lower
659:had published the theory that the
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1634:Coosemans, M. (1 February 1949),
858:On 27 May 1890 the expedition of
678:American Baptist Missionary Union
170:International African Association
164:Route to Léopoldville (1882–1883)
155:(Deputy Chief of Staff) in 1881.
1655:"HANSSENS (Edmond-Winnie-Victor"
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1696:La Grande Chronique de l'Ubangi
1469:Bradshaw & Fandos-Rius 2016
643:Second Ubangi expedition (1886)
603:. The members included Casman,
1523:Vangele, Alphonse Africamuseum
890:Van Gèle from a 1908 biography
547:First Ubangi expedition (1884)
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1612:Coosemans, M. (21 May 1948),
1593:Coosemans, M. (20 May 1946),
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1621:Biographie Belge d'Outre-Mer
1614:"CASMAN (Guillaume-Camille)"
1599:Biographie Belge d'Outre-Mer
725:Emin Pasha Relief Expedition
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1511:Janssens & Cateaux 1908
1484:Janssens & Cateaux 1908
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1640:Biographie Coloniale Belge
999:Baptist Missionary Society
138:was the upper part of the
114:soldier who served as the
1811:Heads of Équateur Station
665:Georg August Schweinfurth
493:In May 1883 Van Gèle and
28:
1693:Lotar, R. P. L. (1937),
1636:"WESTER (Arvid-Mauritz)"
1595:"MILZ (Jules-Alexandre)"
791:. He passed lieutenant
583:Upper Congo (1884–1885)
35:Vangelé as a lieutenant
997:in his account of the
995:William Holman Bentley
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711:and its tributary the
657:Alphonse-Jules Wauters
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116:Vice-Governor General
1713:Morren, Tom (2014),
1668:"Vangele (Alphonse)"
951:Minière AruwimiIturi
931:Compagnie du Katanga
864:Jules Alexandre Milz
609:Camille Van den Plas
230:Équateur (1883–1884)
200:Henry Morton Stanley
153:Adjoint d'État-Major
1763:"Vangele, Alphonse"
1666:Engels, A. (1951),
1653:Engels, A. (1946),
1513:, pp. 178–179.
1366:, pp. 173–174.
1248:, pp. 143–147.
1109:, pp. 928–937.
967:Minière de la Lueta
555:. On 17 April 1884
947:Ciments du Katanga
939:Compagnie du Kasai
924:Batetela rebellion
892:
834:Georges Le Marinel
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651:Ubangi River basin
605:Charles Liebrechts
1749:978-9-4922-4423-9
1586:978-0-8108-7992-8
1322:, pp. 55–56.
743:with Liénart and
682:Berlin Conference
495:Camille Coquilhat
226:in Léopoldville.
100:Alphonse van Gèle
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1497:
1490:
1482:
1475:
1467:
1463:
1455:
1448:
1440:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1416:
1409:
1401:
1397:
1389:
1385:
1377:
1370:
1362:
1358:
1350:
1343:
1335:
1326:
1318:
1314:
1306:
1295:
1287:
1283:
1275:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1244:
1235:
1227:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1203:
1196:
1188:
1181:
1173:
1169:
1161:
1154:
1146:
1137:
1129:
1125:
1117:
1113:
1105:
1072:
1064:
1057:
1049:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1005:
992:
988:
983:
910:
801:
753:Camille Janssen
721:
707:to explore the
655:The geographer
645:
585:
577:Nouvelle Anvers
563:to explore the
557:Edmond Hanssens
549:
491:
490:
489:
488:
487:
486:
485:
481:
473:
472:
471:
467:
459:
458:
457:
451:
443:
442:
441:
437:
429:
428:
427:
421:
413:
412:
411:
405:
397:
396:
395:
391:
383:
382:
381:
377:
369:
368:
367:
363:
355:
354:
353:
352:Nouvelle Anvers
349:
341:
340:
339:
335:
327:
326:
325:
319:
311:
310:
309:
305:
297:
296:
295:
291:
283:
282:
281:
277:
269:
268:
267:
263:
255:
254:
253:
249:
232:
166:
161:
159:Colonial career
148:
102:, also written
77:
71:
67:
58:
52:
46:
44:
36:
24:
17:
16:Belgian soldier
12:
11:
5:
1829:
1827:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1759:
1748:
1730:
1710:
1690:
1679:
1663:
1650:
1631:
1609:
1590:
1585:
1570:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1515:
1503:
1488:
1486:, p. 178.
1473:
1471:, p. 447.
1461:
1446:
1434:
1422:
1418:Coosemans 1946
1407:
1405:, p. 177.
1395:
1393:, p. 176.
1383:
1381:, p. 175.
1368:
1356:
1354:, p. 173.
1341:
1339:, p. 172.
1324:
1312:
1310:, p. 171.
1293:
1289:Coosemans 1949
1281:
1279:, p. 170.
1262:
1260:, p. 169.
1250:
1246:Coosemans 1948
1233:
1221:
1209:
1194:
1179:
1177:, p. 219.
1167:
1165:, p. 143.
1152:
1150:, p. 168.
1135:
1123:
1121:, p. xiv.
1111:
1070:
1068:, p. 167.
1055:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1013:
1003:
985:
984:
982:
979:
919:Force Publique
909:
906:
849:Wilhelm Junker
800:
797:
745:Francis Dhanis
729:Itimbiri River
720:
717:
644:
641:
584:
581:
548:
545:
483:
482:
475:
474:
469:
468:
461:
460:
453:
452:
445:
444:
439:
438:
431:
430:
423:
422:
415:
414:
407:
406:
399:
398:
393:
392:
385:
384:
379:
378:
371:
370:
365:
364:
357:
356:
351:
350:
343:
342:
337:
336:
329:
328:
321:
320:
313:
312:
307:
306:
299:
298:
293:
292:
285:
284:
279:
278:
271:
270:
265:
264:
257:
256:
251:
250:
243:
242:
236:
235:
234:
233:
231:
228:
165:
162:
160:
157:
147:
144:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
72:
70:(aged 90)
64:
60:
59:
53:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1828:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1751:
1745:
1738:
1737:
1731:
1718:
1717:
1711:
1698:
1697:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1680:
1676:
1669:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1622:
1615:
1610:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1544:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1524:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1501:, p. 10.
1500:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1462:
1459:, p. 81.
1458:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1444:, p. 80.
1443:
1438:
1435:
1432:, p. 78.
1431:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1222:
1219:, p. 15.
1218:
1213:
1210:
1207:, p. 14.
1206:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1133:, p. xv.
1132:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1007:
1004:
1000:
996:
990:
987:
980:
978:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
927:
925:
921:
920:
915:
907:
905:
902:
898:
888:
884:
882:
877:
876:Sultan Djabir
873:
870:opposite the
869:
865:
861:
856:
854:
850:
846:
841:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
805:
798:
796:
794:
793:Louis Haneuse
790:
784:
782:
778:
777:Yakoma people
768:
764:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
718:
716:
714:
710:
709:Lulonga River
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
685:
683:
679:
675:
670:
666:
662:
658:
649:
642:
640:
638:
634:
629:
624:
621:
620:Aruwimi River
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
582:
580:
578:
572:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
546:
544:
542:
538:
534:
533:Lulonga River
530:
525:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
505:
500:
496:
456:
440:Stanley Falls
426:
410:
338:Equateurville
324:
240:
229:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
204:Stanley Falls
201:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
163:
158:
156:
154:
145:
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
92:
90:Occupation(s)
88:
84:
80:
75:
65:
61:
56:
51:25 April 1848
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
1771:, retrieved
1766:
1753:, retrieved
1735:
1724:, retrieved
1715:
1704:, retrieved
1695:
1684:
1674:
1658:
1644:, retrieved
1639:
1625:, retrieved
1620:
1603:, retrieved
1598:
1575:
1550:, retrieved
1541:
1518:
1506:
1464:
1437:
1425:
1398:
1386:
1359:
1315:
1284:
1253:
1224:
1212:
1192:, p. 9.
1170:
1131:Bentley 1886
1126:
1119:Bentley 1886
1114:
1053:, p. 8.
1016:
1006:
989:
928:
917:
911:
908:Later career
893:
866:reached the
857:
842:
825:
822:Léon Hanolet
817:
813:
810:
788:
785:
781:Mbomou River
773:
760:
748:
740:
736:
722:
713:Lopori River
704:
697:Ibenga River
688:
686:
673:
654:
633:Arvid Wester
625:
617:
613:Edde Gleerup
600:
596:
592:
586:
573:
565:Ubangi River
560:
550:
526:
516:
512:
508:
502:
499:Léopoldville
492:
454:
424:
408:
322:
308:Léopoldville
215:
198:
182:Louis Valcke
167:
152:
149:
140:Ubangi River
107:
103:
99:
98:
68:(1939-02-23)
1796:1939 deaths
1791:1848 births
1769:(in French)
1499:Morren 2014
1229:Engels 1946
1190:Morren 2014
1107:Engels 1951
1051:Morren 2014
1024:or perhaps
1022:Benue River
899:and on the
845:Kotto River
770:Zongo falls
701:Ngiri River
693:Lobay River
409:Itimbiri R.
186:Congo River
174:Southampton
146:Early years
82:Nationality
1785:Categories
1773:2020-09-02
1755:2020-09-02
1726:2020-09-02
1706:2020-08-31
1646:2020-09-08
1627:2020-09-03
1605:2020-08-30
1552:2020-09-03
1457:Lotar 1937
1442:Lotar 1937
1430:Lotar 1937
1320:Lotar 1937
1217:Lotar 1937
1205:Lotar 1937
1036:References
914:Luluabourg
901:Rubi River
897:Bima River
868:Uele River
860:Léon Roget
830:Banzyville
789:Le Stanley
749:Henry Reed
741:Henry Reed
705:Henry Reed
689:Henry Reed
674:Henry Reed
661:Uele River
553:Ruki River
537:Lake Tumba
521:Ruki River
484:Luluabourg
425:Aruwimi R.
380:Banzyville
323:Lake Tumba
136:Uele River
47:1848-04-25
1026:Lake Chad
971:Kilo-Moto
959:Manucongo
874:village.
853:Bangassou
838:Mokoangai
628:Tippo-Tip
509:Eclaireur
178:Cape Town
132:Kisangani
128:Tippu Tip
76:, Belgium
57:, Belgium
1560:citation
955:Safricas
816:and the
814:En avant
761:En-Avant
739:and the
601:En Avant
561:En Avant
529:Mbandaka
504:En Avant
294:Manianga
212:Manyanga
208:Isangila
124:Mbandaka
104:van Gele
74:Brussels
55:Brussels
1532:Sources
943:Cotonco
676:of the
637:Madeira
118:of the
112:Belgian
108:Vangele
85:Belgian
1746:
1583:
881:Yakoma
872:Djabir
737:A.I.A.
733:Djabir
663:which
597:A.I.A.
569:Amelot
517:A.I.A.
470:Djabir
394:Yakoma
252:Banana
190:Banana
1740:(PDF)
1720:(PDF)
1700:(PDF)
1671:(PDF)
1617:(PDF)
1546:(PDF)
981:Notes
593:Royal
541:Falls
513:Royal
366:Zongo
1744:ISBN
1581:ISBN
1566:link
973:and
862:and
757:Boma
731:and
699:and
607:and
599:and
535:and
515:and
280:Vivi
266:Boma
220:Boma
194:Vivi
192:and
176:for
63:Died
41:Born
755:in
106:or
1787::
1765:,
1673:,
1657:,
1638:,
1619:,
1597:,
1562:}}
1558:{{
1491:^
1476:^
1449:^
1410:^
1371:^
1344:^
1327:^
1296:^
1265:^
1236:^
1197:^
1182:^
1155:^
1138:^
1073:^
1058:^
1043:^
969:,
965:,
961:,
957:,
953:,
949:,
945:,
941:,
937:,
933:,
715:.
695:,
595:,
511:,
507:,
196:.
142:.
1568:)
1525:.
1420:.
1291:.
1231:.
49:)
45:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
