Knowledge (XXG)

Ampersand

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worked on the script at different times and may not have consulted each other at all. In the latter case, they both contributed enough significant material to the screenplay to receive credit but did not work together. As a result, both & and
552: 1005:, the ampersand is used when citing sources in text such as (Jones & Jones, 2005). In the list of references, an ampersand precedes the last author's name when there is more than one author. (This does not apply to 1881:
for this purpose) and is also copied into many other toolkits on multiple operating systems. Sometimes this causes problems similar to other programs that fail to sanitize markup from user input, for instance
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refers to this when she makes Jacob Storey say: "He thought it had only been put to finish off th' alphabet like; though ampusand would ha' done as well, for what he could see." The popular nursery rhyme
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to be a shortcut equivalent to pressing that button. A double ampersand is needed in order to display a real ampersand. This convention originated in the first WIN32 api, and is used in
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menus, labels, and other captions, the ampersand is used to denote the next letter as a keyboard shortcut (called an "Access key" by Microsoft). For instance setting a button label to
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in Europe in 1455, printers made extensive use of both the italic and Roman ampersands. Since the ampersand's roots go back to Roman times, many languages that use a variation of the
2491: 2038: 1550:, the ampersand forces the compiler to treat two lines as one. This is accomplished by placing an ampersand at the end of the first line and at the beginning of the second line. 4904: 2128: 2663: 1807:
files the & must be replaced with & or they are considered not well formed, and computers will be unable to read the files correctly. SGML derived the use from
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The ampersand can be used to indicate that the "and" in a listed item is a part of the item's name and not a separator (e.g. "Rock, pop, rhythm & blues and hip hop").
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when converting text into one of these markup languages. For instance, when putting URLs or other material containing ampersands into XML format files such as
3758: 2573: 796:, superimposed by a vertical line. The ampersand is also sometimes shown as an epsilon with a vertical line above and below it or a dot above and below it. 1925:, the ampersand can separate words, control the command history, duplicate file descriptors, perform logical operations, control jobs, and participate in 2917: 2688:
Robert Hartwell Fiske's Dictionary of Unendurable English: A Compendium of Mistakes in Grammar, Usage, and Spelling with Commentary on Lexicographers
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to denote two writers collaborating on a specific script, rather than one writer rewriting another's work. In screenplays, two authors joined with
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The modern ampersand is virtually identical to that of the Carolingian minuscule. The italic ampersand, to the right, is originally a later
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is the Substitution Operator, which tells the assembler to replace a macro parameter or text macro name with its actual value.
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Traditionally in English, when spelling aloud, any letter that could also be used as a word in itself ("A", "I", and "
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and". This last phrase was routinely slurred to "ampersand", and the term had entered common English usage by 1837.
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The ampersand may still be used as an abbreviation for "and" in informal writing regardless of how "and" is used.
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has dual roles. As well as a logical AND, it serves as the bitwise operator of an intersection between elements.
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to be appended to a file name in a web address so that additional information can be passed to a script; the
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used the symbol in his widely read publications and that people began calling the new shape "Ampère's and".
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used the ampersand as an internal command, not intended to be used for general programming, that invoked a
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Ampersands are commonly seen in business names formed from a partnership of two or more people, such as
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as the first character of an identifier prevents the compiler from treating it as a keyword, thus
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The ampersand often appeared as a character at the end of the Latin alphabet, as for example in
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instead, a convention that spread throughout the Commodore community and is now used in the
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A". The character &, when used by itself as opposed to more extended forms such as
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In Perl 5, it can still be used to modify the way user-defined subroutines are called
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with Kory Stamper, part of the "Ask the Editor" video series at Merriam-Webster.com
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In Perl 4 and earlier, it was effectively required to call user-defined subroutines
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finishes with the lines "X, Y, Z, and ampersand, All wished for a piece in hand".
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databases have trouble if this character is in either "Text" or "Code" fields.
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is only used when referring to a subroutine as an object, never when calling it
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In some versions of BASIC, unary suffix & denotes a variable is of type
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may appear in the same credit, as appropriate to how the writing proceeded.
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The Hot Word at Dictionary.com: How ampersand came from a misunderstanding
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Example of ampersand based on a crossed epsilon, as might be handwritten
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fonts, and are meant only for backward compatibility with those fonts.
1060: 786: 785:, the ampersand is sometimes simplified in design as a large lowercase 128: 2503:
Everson, Michael; Sigurðsson, Baldur; Málstöð, Íslensk (7 June 1994).
734: 644:" ligature that goes back to the cursive scripts developed during the 4082: 3851: 3629: 3203: 3198: 3130:"What is the point of the & / ampersand sigil for function refs?" 1755:
Ampersand is the name of a reactive programming language, which uses
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An ampersand written with the vertical stroke merged into the edges
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system. This character is known as the Tironian Et in English, the
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The ampersand can be traced back to the 1st century AD and the old
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when representing a string character to avoid interpretation as a
1251:. It is almost always available on keyboard layouts, sometimes on 1081: 773:, is often pronounced "and," but is not related to the ampersand. 697: 488: 415: 3060:"MySQL :: MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual :: 12.4 Operators" 2505:"On the status of the Latin letter þorn and of its sorting order" 4128: 2138: 1848:
in running text when using the default (Computer Modern) fonts.
1780: 1772: 1719: 1669: 1433: 1408:, the ampersand became a commonly used logical notation for the 966: 641: 3740: 3423: 1819: 1776: 1700:
In more recent years, the ampersand has made its way into the
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http://www.example.org/list.php?order=ascending&year=2024
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The ampersand was occasionally used as a prefix to denote a
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it applies to all one-dimensional arrays, not just strings.
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the ampersand denotes the tens exponent of a real number.
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Apart from this, Unicode also has the following variants:
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collaborated on the script, while two authors joined with
163: 160: 1564:, the ampersand is the prefix for lambda list keywords. 28:
This article is about the symbol. For other uses, see
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How to: Create Access Keys for Windows Forms Controls
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by itself = and'. The sign derives from the scribes'
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List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks
2103: 1963: 1856: 1845: 1830: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1749: 1713: 1709: 1680: 1653: 1645: 1609: 1534: 1511: 1496: 1488: 1468: 1458: 1452: 1448: 1440: 1103:(fullwidth CJK ideograph for East Asian typography) 341: 333: 328: 320: 303: 242: 234: 220: 152: 147: 139: 126: 116: 106: 91: 81: 76: 59: 3261: 2416: 2186: 2047:sampler (1936). Two styles of ampersand are shown. 1829:. The ampersand itself can be applied in TeX with 1404:In the 20th century, following the development of 3317:"UNIX Manual page: bash – GNU Bourne-Again SHell" 375:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters 2607:"A Visual Guide to the Ampersand (Infographic)" 2337:Ainger, Alfred (2 December 1871). "Amperzand". 2280: 2278: 1942:(Uniform Resource Locator) syntax allows for a 1608:uses the ampersand as a short form of the verb 425: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2595: 1837:fonts replace it with an "E.T." symbol in the 1229:The last six of these are carryovers from the 3752: 3435: 3315:Fox, Brian; Ramey, Chet (28 September 2006). 3188:Microsoft MASM Version 6.1 Programmer's Guide 2486: 2484: 1844:(text italic) fonts, so it can be entered as 1275:is an unmodified keystroke, positioned above 8: 2806:"Purdue OWL: MLA Formatting and Style Guide" 2780:"Purdue OWL: APA Formatting and Style Guide" 1080:); this is inherited from the same value in 1009:, which calls for the "and" to be spelled.) 21:"&" redirects here. For other uses, see 2884:"The Go Programming Language Specification" 2808:. Owl.english.purdue.edu. 9 February 2012. 2642:A History of Mathematical Notations, Vol. 1 2458:English Children in the Olden Time, page 22 2452:For examples of this misunderstanding, see 1013: 825:An ampersand written with a vertical stroke 751: 703: 702:Bilingual Irish street sign, with parallel 492: 439: 409: 3759: 3745: 3737: 3460: 3442: 3428: 3420: 2638:"Origin and meanings of the signs + and −" 1958:, each separated by the ampersand symbol, 1740:(formerly known as Perl 6), the ampersand 546:Evolution of the ampersand. Figures 1 to 6 462:; in certain italic versions, the letters 16:Symbol representing the word "and" (&) 1392:Learn how and when to remove this message 609:ampersand on a coin of 1 Makuta of 1814, 4905:Version of this table as a sortable list 3030:"Commodore 128 Machine Language. Part 2" 2832:"perlop – Perl operators and precedence" 2685:Fiske, Robert Hartwell (November 2011). 2535:"The Dixie Primer, for the Little Folks" 2358:Harper, Douglas R. (20 September 2022). 1894:Some Unix shells use the ampersand as a 1870: 1864: 1783:, the ampersand is used to introduce an 1424:Many languages with syntax derived from 1276: 1272: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 3291: 3289: 2155: 2091: 1976: 1704:standard library, representing flipped 1421:. This usage was adopted in computing. 853:used, like the ampersand, to mean "and" 815: 667:was regarded as the 27th letter of the 536: 50:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 3346:""Ampersands in URI attribute values"" 3140:from the original on 27 September 2007 2980:from the original on 12 September 2017 2576:from the original on 24 September 2015 2515:from the original on 24 September 2018 2397:from the original on 27 September 2011 1877:, (but not WPF, which uses underscore 977:indicates a closer collaboration than 673:The Dixie Primer, for the Little Folks 663:list of letters from 1011. Similarly, 56: 3040:from the original on 29 November 2020 3010:from the original on 11 November 2010 2705:from the original on 20 February 2017 2644:. The Open Court Company, Publishers. 2617:from the original on 15 November 2017 2539:Branson, Farrar & Co., Raleigh NC 2001:Noto Sans - Ligature Open Et Ornament 1799:. This can create a problem known as 1656:.) Some other languages, such as the 1020:("and the rest"), usually written as 7: 4757: ⟨ ⟩  3326:from the original on 2 December 2013 3110:from the original on 21 October 2020 3070:from the original on 23 October 2021 2950:from the original on 23 October 2021 2940:"PHP: Passing by Reference - Manual" 2920:from the original on 23 October 2021 2735:from the original on 26 January 2022 2437:participating institution membership 2393:. Dictionary.com. 2 September 2011. 1330:adding citations to reliable sources 1286:, the ampersand must be replaced by 511:, was similarly referred to as "and 365:. For the distinction between , 3170:from the original on 18 August 2007 2263:from the original on 3 January 2014 1911:execute a process in the background 3241:from the original on 14 April 2006 2786:from the original on 30 April 2012 2469:Personal and Family Names, page 98 2318:from the original on 28 March 2014 1436:, and more differentiate between: 1291: 14: 2864:from the original on 17 June 2021 2666:from the original on 2 April 2015 2478:. Hamilton, Adams & co, 1883. 1748:In MASM 80x86 Assembly Language, 1648:for decimal 255, for instance in 1491:is a unary operator denoting the 1168:HEAVY SCRIPT LIGATURE ET ORNAMENT 3721: 3710: 3352:from the original on 7 June 2007 3211:from the original on 31 May 2019 2890:from the original on 13 May 2021 2838:from the original on 30 May 2007 2812:from the original on 12 May 2012 2492:"Formenwandlung der et-Zeichen." 2106:operator is exclusively used on 2067: 2052: 2037: 2021: 2013:The ampersand character, in the 2006: 1994: 1979: 1825:, the ampersand is used to mark 1697:upon application of a function. 1690: 1306: 900:American Telephone and Telegraph 842: 830: 818: 599: 587: 569: 551: 539: 192: 185: 178: 171: 3231:"HTML Compatibility Guidelines" 2545:from the original on 5 May 2011 1809:IBM Generalized Markup Language 1317:needs additional citations for 1196:HEAVY LIGATURE OPEN ET ORNAMENT 981:. The ampersand is used by the 357:International Phonetic Alphabet 324:﹠, ⅋, &, 🙰, 🙱, 🙲, 🙳, 🙴, 🙵 72:﹠, ⅋, &, 🙰, 🙱, 🙲, 🙳, 🙴, 🙵 2910:"Pass by reference (C++ only)" 1: 3000:"3.4.1 Ordinary Lambda Lists" 1989:- Script Ligature Et Ornament 1120:Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms 1028:representing the combination 224: 3376:"The History of 'Ampersand'" 2970:"Fortran continuation lines" 2725:"Frequently Asked Questions" 1791:(for non-breaking space) or 1689:uses ampersand similarly to 470:are clearly distinguishable. 2365:Online Etymology Dictionary 1909:shell, use an ampersand to 1901:Some Unix shells, like the 1553:In many implementations of 1154:SCRIPT LIGATURE ET ORNAMENT 408:of the letters of the word 5017: 4220:inverted ! and ? 3268:. Addison-Wesley. p.  2858:"Pointers - C++ Tutorials" 2782:. Owl.english.purdue.edu. 2308:"The Ampersand & More" 2247:Cambridge University Press 2163:"The Ampersand & More" 1622:program in the computer's 487:") was referred to by the 404:"and". It originated as a 30:Ampersand (disambiguation) 27: 20: 4900: 4788: 4692: 4636:sound recording copyright 4590: 4495: 4378: 4246: 4159: 4094: 3920: 3780: 3707: 3458: 3305:, from msdn.microsoft.com 3235:World Wide Web Consortium 2424:Oxford English Dictionary 2183:Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall 1815:macro assembly language. 1726:to refer to subroutines: 1497:&x, &func, &a 1182:LIGATURE OPEN ET ORNAMENT 349: 71: 64: 3004:Common Lisp – Hyper Spec 2756:The Screenwriter's Bible 2754:Trottier, David (2010). 2729:Writers Guild of America 2660:ChicagoManualOfStyle.org 2636:Cajori, Florian (1928). 2474:19 February 2017 at the 2463:20 February 2017 at the 2195:George Allen & Unwin 1722:uses the ampersand as a 1712:means the same thing as 1224:SWASH AMPERSAND ORNAMENT 1210:HEAVY AMPERSAND ORNAMENT 983:Writers Guild of America 920:research and development 640:ampersand is a kind of " 3404:19 October 2013 at the 2442:(subscription required) 2429:Oxford University Press 2098:This is different from 353:phonetic transcriptions 4981:Latin-script ligatures 4753: { }  4745: ( )  4730: « »  4726: ‹ ›  4711: " "  4707: ' '  4703: “ ”  4699: ‘ ’  3728:Mathematics portal 3301:3 October 2009 at the 3260:Knuth, Donald (1986). 3034:www.atarimagazines.com 2691:. Simon and Schuster. 2028:Italic ampersand from 1857:"&Print" 1693:, spawning a separate 1664:, used it to indicate 1660:built into ROM on the 1495:of the argument, e.g. 1014: 936:Dungeons & Dragons 792:or a reversed numeral 758: 752: 709: 704: 648:. After the advent of 499:('by itself'), as in " 493: 481: 459: 440: 410: 350:This article contains 140:Lexicographic position 38:This article contains 23:& (disambiguation) 4991:Typographical symbols 3717:Philosophy portal 3411:Font of 52 ampersands 2456:, Elizabeth Godfrey: 1414:sentential connective 1298:Programming languages 969:credits for stories, 869:Johnson & Johnson 777:Writing the ampersand 701: 631:Carolingian minuscule 4976:Latin-script letters 4950:Japanese punctuation 4651:registered trademark 4536: |  4394:plus and minus signs 3787:    3104:"PERL – Subroutines" 2189:Glossary of the Book 2124:And (disambiguation) 1859:makes it display as 1706:function application 1569:string concatenation 1326:improve this article 1292:URL syntax character 1078:&, & 1051:Encoding and display 762:in Scottish Gaelic. 675:. In her 1859 novel 477:Glossary of the Book 387:, also known as the 4940:Chinese punctuation 4666:service mark symbol 4409:multiplication sign 3927: &  2613:. 13 October 2011. 2427:(Online ed.). 2168:4 July 2015 at the 2060:Motorway (typeface) 2045:Albertus (typeface) 1927:regular expressions 1801:delimiter collision 1761:information systems 1243:, the ampersand is 1116:FULLWIDTH AMPERSAND 1024:can be abbreviated 881:Marks & Spencer 875:Dolce & Gabbana 767:logical conjunction 475:Geoffrey Glaister, 434:; the name being a 400:, representing the 264:similarly to &) 238: • ⅋ 4955:Korean punctuation 4945:Hebrew punctuation 2217:on 13 January 2013 2134:Kai (abbreviation) 1139:Letterlike Symbols 756:in Irish, and the 710: 694:Similar characters 524:André-Marie Ampère 107:Language of origin 40:special characters 4963: 4962: 4292:ordinal indicator 4235:irony punctuation 3734: 3733: 3702: 3701: 2765:978-1-935247-02-9 2586:Project Gutenberg 2435:(Subscription or 2340:Notes and Queries 2075:Miller (typeface) 1950:, or query mark, 1913:and to duplicate 1853:Microsoft Windows 1571:operator in many 1567:Ampersand is the 1524:pass-by-reference 1493:address in memory 1402: 1401: 1394: 1376: 1271:keyboard layout, 952:bed and breakfast 887:Tiffany & Co. 611:Portuguese Angola 381: 380: 342:Writing direction 334:Associated graphs 46:rendering support 5008: 4912:Currency symbols 4892: 4891: 4885: 4877: 4876: 4875:(paragraph mark) 4869: 4865: 4857: 4856: 4850: 4846: 4838: 4837: 4831: 4823: 4822: 4815: 4807: 4806: 4800: 4796: 4780: 4779: 4773: 4765: 4764: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4738: 4737: 4731: 4727: 4719: 4718: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4700: 4684: 4683: 4681:trademark symbol 4677: 4669: 4668: 4662: 4654: 4653: 4647: 4639: 4638: 4632: 4624: 4623: 4617: 4615: 4605: 4604: 4602:copyright symbol 4598: 4582: 4581: 4575: 4567: 4566: 4560: 4552: 4551: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4529: 4528: 4522: 4520: 4510: 4509: 4503: 4487: 4486: 4480: 4472: 4471: 4465: 4457: 4456: 4450: 4442: 4441: 4435: 4427: 4426: 4420: 4412: 4411: 4405: 4397: 4396: 4390: 4386: 4370: 4369: 4363: 4355: 4354: 4348: 4340: 4339: 4333: 4325: 4324: 4318: 4310: 4309: 4303: 4295: 4294: 4288: 4284: 4276: 4275: 4269: 4261: 4260: 4254: 4238: 4237: 4231: 4223: 4222: 4216: 4212: 4204: 4203: 4197: 4189: 4188: 4186:exclamation mark 4182: 4174: 4173: 4167: 4151: 4150: 4144: 4140: 4132: 4131: 4125: 4121: 4117: 4109: 4108: 4102: 4086: 4085: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4071: 4067: 4064: 4060: 4057: 4053: 4050: 4040: 4039: 4033: 4025: 4024: 4018: 4010: 4009: 4003: 3995: 3994: 3988: 3980: 3979: 3973: 3965: 3964: 3958: 3950: 3949: 3943: 3935: 3934: 3928: 3912: 3911: 3905: 3897: 3896: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3874: 3873: 3867: 3863: 3855: 3854: 3848: 3840: 3839: 3833: 3825: 3824: 3818: 3810: 3809: 3803: 3795: 3794: 3788: 3761: 3754: 3747: 3738: 3726: 3725: 3715: 3714: 3713: 3645: 3594: 3474: 3461: 3444: 3437: 3430: 3421: 3390: 3388: 3386: 3362: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3321: 3312: 3306: 3293: 3284: 3283: 3267: 3257: 3251: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3227: 3221: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3195: 3189: 3186: 3180: 3179: 3177: 3175: 3156: 3150: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3126: 3120: 3119: 3117: 3115: 3100: 3094: 3093: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3077: 3075: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3045: 3026: 3020: 3019: 3017: 3015: 2996: 2990: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2966: 2960: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2936: 2930: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2906: 2900: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2880: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2845: 2843: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2802: 2796: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2776: 2770: 2769: 2751: 2745: 2744: 2742: 2740: 2721: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2682: 2676: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2603: 2590: 2589: 2583: 2581: 2561: 2555: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2500: 2494: 2490:Jan Tschichold: 2488: 2479: 2450: 2444: 2443: 2440: 2432: 2420: 2413: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2383: 2377: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2355: 2349: 2348: 2334: 2328: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2304: 2298: 2297: 2292:. Archived from 2282: 2273: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2213:. Archived from 2198: 2192: 2179: 2173: 2160: 2111: 2105: 2096: 2071: 2056: 2041: 2025: 2010: 1998: 1983: 1970:Typeface samples 1965: 1961: 1956:name–value pairs 1953: 1915:file descriptors 1908: 1880: 1862: 1858: 1847: 1843: 1832: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1757:relation algebra 1751: 1715: 1711: 1682: 1655: 1647: 1644:number, such as 1620:machine language 1611: 1536: 1516:formal parameter 1513: 1498: 1490: 1470: 1469:(4 && 2) 1460: 1454: 1450: 1442: 1397: 1390: 1386: 1383: 1377: 1375: 1334: 1310: 1302: 1289: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1136: 1135:TURNED AMPERSAND 1133: 1130: 1128: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1079: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1019: 944:rhythm and blues 908:(supermarkets), 846: 834: 822: 809: 805: 795: 791: 772: 761: 755: 737: 736:TIRONIAN SIGN ET 733: 730: 728: 723: 720:, the character 707: 669:English alphabet 666: 656:make use of it. 603: 591: 573: 564: 555: 543: 498: 479: 449: 445: 433: 413: 399: 372: 368: 316: 313: 304:Transliterations 299: 296: 288:word for "and"); 283: 279: 275: 271: 263: 259: 255: 251: 229: 226: 196: 189: 182: 175: 135: 67: 57: 5016: 5015: 5011: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5006: 5005: 4966: 4965: 4964: 4959: 4896: 4887: 4884: §  4883: 4881: 4871: 4868: ⸿  4867: 4864: ¶  4863: 4861: 4852: 4849: ⌑  4848: 4845: ◊  4844: 4842: 4833: 4830: ☞  4829: 4827: 4821:(hedera, aldus) 4817: 4814: ❧  4813: 4811: 4802: 4799: ‡  4798: 4795: †  4794: 4792: 4784: 4775: 4772: ”  4771: 4769: 4760: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4742: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4723: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4696: 4688: 4679: 4675: 4673: 4664: 4660: 4658: 4649: 4646: ®  4645: 4643: 4634: 4631: ℗  4630: 4628: 4619: 4613: 4611: 4609: 4600: 4597: ©  4596: 4594: 4586: 4577: 4574: ·  4573: 4571: 4562: 4559: •  4558: 4556: 4547: 4544: ‖  4543: 4540: ¦  4539: 4535: 4533: 4524: 4518: 4516: 4514: 4505: 4502: _  4501: 4499: 4491: 4482: 4479: ^  4478: 4476: 4469:minus-plus sign 4467: 4464: ∓  4463: 4461: 4454:plus–minus sign 4452: 4449: ±  4448: 4446: 4437: 4434: ~  4433: 4431: 4422: 4419: ÷  4418: 4416: 4407: 4404: ×  4403: 4401: 4392: 4389: −  4388: 4385: +  4384: 4382: 4374: 4365: 4362: ⌀  4361: 4359: 4350: 4347: °  4346: 4344: 4335: 4332: ‱  4331: 4329: 4320: 4317: ‰  4316: 4314: 4305: 4302: %  4301: 4299: 4290: 4287: ª  4286: 4283: º  4282: 4280: 4271: 4268: №  4267: 4265: 4256: 4253: #  4252: 4250: 4242: 4233: 4230: ⸮  4229: 4227: 4218: 4215: ¿  4214: 4211: ¡  4210: 4208: 4199: 4196: ‽  4195: 4193: 4184: 4181: !  4180: 4178: 4169: 4166: ?  4165: 4163: 4155: 4146: 4143: ⸗  4142: 4139: ⹀  4138: 4136: 4127: 4124: —  4123: 4120: –  4119: 4116: ‒  4115: 4113: 4104: 4101: -  4100: 4098: 4090: 4081: 4075: 4072: 4069: 4065: 4062: 4058: 4055: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4035: 4032: ⁂  4031: 4029: 4020: 4017: *  4016: 4014: 4005: 4002: …  4001: 3999: 3990: 3987: \  3986: 3984: 3975: 3972: /  3971: 3969: 3960: 3957: ^  3956: 3954: 3945: 3942: @  3941: 3939: 3930: 3926: 3924: 3916: 3907: 3904: .  3903: 3901: 3892: 3889: ‴  3888: 3885: ″  3884: 3881: ′  3880: 3878: 3869: 3866: '  3865: 3862: ’  3861: 3859: 3850: 3847: ‐  3846: 3844: 3835: 3832: ;  3831: 3829: 3820: 3817: :  3816: 3814: 3805: 3802: ,  3801: 3799: 3790: 3786: 3784: 3776: 3765: 3735: 3730: 3720: 3719: 3711: 3709: 3703: 3698: 3697: 3694: 3690: 3682: 3681: 3678: 3674: 3666: 3662: 3654: 3650: 3641: 3632: 3628: 3623: 3615: 3611: 3603: 3599: 3590: 3581: 3577: 3569: 3565: 3557: 3553: 3545: 3542: 3539: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3517: 3513: 3508: 3500: 3496: 3491: 3483: 3479: 3470: 3454: 3452:logical symbols 3448: 3406:Wayback Machine 3384: 3382: 3380:Merriam-Webster 3374: 3371: 3366: 3365: 3355: 3353: 3344: 3343: 3339: 3329: 3327: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3309: 3303:Wayback Machine 3294: 3287: 3280: 3259: 3258: 3254: 3244: 3242: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3214: 3212: 3197: 3196: 3192: 3187: 3183: 3173: 3171: 3166:. 7 July 2003. 3158: 3157: 3153: 3143: 3141: 3128: 3127: 3123: 3113: 3111: 3102: 3101: 3097: 3090:"Data.Function" 3088: 3087: 3083: 3073: 3071: 3058: 3057: 3053: 3043: 3041: 3028: 3027: 3023: 3013: 3011: 2998: 2997: 2993: 2983: 2981: 2968: 2967: 2963: 2953: 2951: 2938: 2937: 2933: 2923: 2921: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2893: 2891: 2882: 2881: 2877: 2867: 2865: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2841: 2839: 2830: 2829: 2825: 2815: 2813: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2789: 2787: 2778: 2777: 2773: 2766: 2753: 2752: 2748: 2738: 2736: 2723: 2722: 2718: 2708: 2706: 2699: 2684: 2683: 2679: 2669: 2667: 2654: 2653: 2649: 2635: 2634: 2630: 2620: 2618: 2605: 2604: 2593: 2579: 2577: 2564:Eliot, George. 2563: 2562: 2558: 2548: 2546: 2533: 2532: 2528: 2518: 2516: 2502: 2501: 2497: 2489: 2482: 2476:Wayback Machine 2465:Wayback Machine 2451: 2447: 2441: 2434: 2415: 2414: 2410: 2400: 2398: 2385: 2384: 2380: 2370: 2368: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2336: 2335: 2331: 2321: 2319: 2312:merriam-webster 2306: 2305: 2301: 2286:"The ampersand" 2284: 2283: 2276: 2266: 2264: 2257: 2235: 2234: 2230: 2220: 2218: 2203:"The ampersand" 2201:Caflisch, Max. 2200: 2181: 2180: 2176: 2170:Wayback Machine 2161: 2157: 2152: 2120: 2115: 2114: 2097: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2082: 2081: 2078: 2072: 2063: 2057: 2048: 2042: 2033: 2026: 2017: 2011: 2002: 1999: 1990: 1984: 1972: 1962:. For example, 1959: 1951: 1936: 1906: 1892: 1878: 1872: 1868: 1860: 1838: 1835:Computer Modern 1823:markup language 1769: 1616:Applesoft BASIC 1510:, unary prefix 1410:binary operator 1398: 1387: 1381: 1378: 1335: 1333: 1323: 1311: 1300: 1287: 1278: 1274: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1241:keyboard layout 1223: 1220: 1215: 1214: 1209: 1206: 1201: 1200: 1195: 1192: 1187: 1186: 1181: 1178: 1173: 1172: 1167: 1164: 1159: 1158: 1153: 1150: 1145: 1144: 1134: 1131: 1126: 1125: 1115: 1112: 1107: 1106: 1101:SMALL AMPERSAND 1100: 1097: 1092: 1091: 1077: 1073: 1070: 1065: 1064: 1053: 1048: 960:profit and loss 864: 859: 858: 857: 854: 847: 838: 835: 826: 823: 807: 803: 793: 789: 779: 770: 735: 731: 726: 725: 721: 718:Scottish Gaelic 696: 664: 619: 618: 617: 614: 607:Capital letters 604: 595: 592: 583: 574: 565: 559: 556: 547: 544: 532: 520:falsely claimed 480: 474: 447: 431: 424: 395: 314: 311: 297: 294: 289: 277: 273: 269: 267:Armenian letter 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 227: 216: 133: 98: 65: 55: 54: 53: 44:Without proper 33: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5014: 5012: 5004: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4968: 4967: 4961: 4960: 4958: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4914: 4908: 4907: 4901: 4898: 4897: 4895: 4894: 4879: 4859: 4840: 4825: 4809: 4789: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4782: 4767: 4749:   4740: 4721: 4716:quotation mark 4693: 4690: 4689: 4687: 4686: 4676:   4671: 4661:   4656: 4641: 4626: 4607: 4591: 4588: 4587: 4585: 4584: 4569: 4554: 4531: 4512: 4496: 4493: 4492: 4490: 4489: 4474: 4459: 4444: 4429: 4414: 4399: 4379: 4376: 4375: 4373: 4372: 4357: 4342: 4327: 4312: 4297: 4278: 4263: 4247: 4244: 4243: 4241: 4240: 4225: 4206: 4191: 4176: 4160: 4157: 4156: 4154: 4153: 4134: 4111: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4088: 4042: 4027: 4012: 3997: 3982: 3967: 3952: 3937: 3921: 3918: 3917: 3915: 3914: 3899: 3876: 3857: 3842: 3827: 3812: 3797: 3781: 3778: 3777: 3766: 3764: 3763: 3756: 3749: 3741: 3732: 3731: 3708: 3705: 3704: 3700: 3699: 3695:quantification 3691: 3686: 3685: 3683: 3679:quantification 3675: 3670: 3669: 3667: 3658: 3657: 3655: 3636: 3635: 3633: 3619: 3618: 3616: 3607: 3606: 3604: 3585: 3584: 3582: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3549: 3548: 3546: 3535: 3534: 3532: 3521: 3520: 3518: 3504: 3503: 3501: 3487: 3486: 3484: 3465: 3464: 3459: 3456: 3455: 3449: 3447: 3446: 3439: 3432: 3424: 3418: 3417: 3415:Frederic Goudy 3413:, designed by 3408: 3396: 3391: 3370: 3369:External links 3367: 3364: 3363: 3337: 3307: 3285: 3278: 3252: 3222: 3190: 3181: 3151: 3121: 3095: 3081: 3051: 3021: 3006:. Lisp Works. 2991: 2961: 2931: 2901: 2875: 2849: 2823: 2797: 2771: 2764: 2746: 2716: 2697: 2677: 2647: 2628: 2591: 2556: 2526: 2495: 2480: 2454:Jessie Bedford 2445: 2408: 2378: 2350: 2329: 2299: 2296:on 8 May 2008. 2290:word-detective 2274: 2255: 2228: 2174: 2154: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2147: 2146: 2144:Tironian notes 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2112: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2080: 2079: 2077:sampler (1997) 2073: 2066: 2064: 2062:sampler (1958) 2058: 2051: 2049: 2043: 2036: 2034: 2027: 2020: 2018: 2012: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1993: 1991: 1985: 1978: 1975: 1974: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1935: 1932: 1931: 1930: 1891: 1888: 1768: 1765: 1746: 1745: 1734: 1731: 1573:BASIC dialects 1473: 1472: 1456: 1400: 1399: 1314: 1312: 1305: 1299: 1296: 1227: 1226: 1212: 1198: 1184: 1170: 1156: 1142: 1123: 1104: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 863: 860: 856: 855: 849:A handwritten 848: 841: 839: 836: 829: 827: 824: 817: 814: 813: 812: 778: 775: 741:Tironian notes 708:and ampersand. 695: 692: 654:Latin alphabet 616: 615: 605: 598: 596: 593: 586: 584: 581:Insular script 575: 568: 566: 557: 550: 548: 545: 538: 535: 534: 533: 531: 528: 472: 446:= and'; i.e. ' 423: 420: 379: 378: 373:⟩, see 347: 346: 343: 339: 338: 335: 331: 330: 326: 325: 322: 318: 317: 305: 301: 300: 244: 240: 239: 236: 232: 231: 222: 218: 217: 215: 214: 213: 212: 211: 210: 209: 208: 207: 206: 205: 204: 203: 202: 156: 154: 150: 149: 145: 144: 141: 137: 136: 131: 124: 123: 118: 114: 113: 111:Latin language 108: 104: 103: 93: 89: 88: 83: 82:Writing system 79: 78: 74: 73: 69: 68: 62: 61: 48:, you may see 36: 35: 34: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5013: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4986:Logic symbols 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4973: 4971: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4923:Logic symbols 4921: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4909: 4906: 4903: 4902: 4899: 4890: 4886:   4880: 4874: 4870:   4860: 4855: 4851:   4841: 4836: 4832:   4826: 4820: 4816:   4810: 4805: 4801:   4791: 4790: 4787: 4778: 4774:   4768: 4763: 4759:   4741: 4736: 4732:   4722: 4717: 4713:   4695: 4694: 4691: 4682: 4678:   4672: 4667: 4663:   4657: 4652: 4648:   4642: 4637: 4633:   4627: 4622: 4618:   4608: 4603: 4599:   4593: 4592: 4589: 4580: 4576:   4570: 4565: 4561:   4555: 4550: 4546:   4532: 4527: 4523:   4513: 4508: 4504:   4498: 4497: 4494: 4485: 4481:   4475: 4470: 4466:   4460: 4455: 4451:   4445: 4440: 4436:   4430: 4425: 4424:division sign 4421:   4415: 4410: 4406:   4400: 4395: 4391:   4381: 4380: 4377: 4368: 4367:diameter sign 4364:   4358: 4353: 4352:degree symbol 4349:   4343: 4338: 4334:   4328: 4323: 4319:   4313: 4308: 4304:   4298: 4293: 4289:   4279: 4274: 4270:   4264: 4259: 4255:   4249: 4248: 4245: 4236: 4232:   4226: 4221: 4217:   4207: 4202: 4198:   4192: 4187: 4183:   4177: 4172: 4171:question mark 4168:   4162: 4161: 4158: 4149: 4148:double hyphen 4145:   4135: 4130: 4126:   4112: 4107: 4103:   4097: 4096: 4093: 4084: 4080:   4043: 4038: 4034:   4028: 4023: 4019:   4013: 4008: 4004:   3998: 3993: 3989:   3983: 3978: 3974:   3968: 3963: 3959:   3953: 3948: 3944:   3938: 3933: 3929:   3923: 3922: 3919: 3910: 3906:   3900: 3895: 3891:   3877: 3872: 3868:   3858: 3853: 3849:   3843: 3838: 3834:   3828: 3823: 3819:   3813: 3808: 3804:   3798: 3793: 3789:   3783: 3782: 3779: 3774: 3773:typographical 3770: 3762: 3757: 3755: 3750: 3748: 3743: 3742: 3739: 3729: 3724: 3718: 3706: 3696: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3673: 3668: 3665: 3661: 3656: 3653: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3631: 3626: 3622: 3617: 3614: 3610: 3605: 3602: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3580: 3576: 3571: 3568: 3564: 3559: 3556: 3552: 3547: 3544: 3538: 3533: 3530: 3524: 3519: 3516: 3515:contradiction 3511: 3507: 3502: 3499: 3494: 3490: 3485: 3482: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3462: 3457: 3453: 3445: 3440: 3438: 3433: 3431: 3426: 3425: 3422: 3416: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3403: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3372: 3368: 3351: 3347: 3341: 3338: 3325: 3318: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3297: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3281: 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Index

& (disambiguation)
Ampersand (disambiguation)
special characters
rendering support
question marks, boxes, or other symbols
Latin script
Logographic
Ideographic
Latin language
Unicode
E
T
ɛt (Some modern fonts, like Trebuchet MS, employ ampersand characters that reveal its origin)
eτ
& (italic, 1735)
& in modern handwriting
Greek letter
Armenian letter
Armenian
Sindhi letter
plus sign
phonetic transcriptions
International Phonetic Alphabet
Help:IPA
IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
logogram
conjunction
ligature
Latin
corruption

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